Device for simulating combustion of dead ground combustibles under different topographic and geomorphic conditions in forest region

Abstract

The utility model relates to a device for simulating the combustion of dead ground combustibles under different topographic and geomorphic conditions in a forest region. The device comprises a combustion bed frame, a combustion bed body, an adjusting rope and a winch, a plurality of pulleys are respectively mounted on two sides of the top of the combustion bed frame; the combustion bed body comprises a first bed board and a second bed board which are hinged together, a plurality of connecting parts are arranged on the peripheries of the first bed board and the second bed board, one end of the adjusting rope is connected with the connecting parts of the combustion bed body, and the other end of the adjusting rope penetrates through the pulley and then is connected with the winch; the angle between the first bed board and the second bed board is adjusted by adjusting the length of the adjusting rope and the position of the pulley so as to simulate different terrains. According to the utility model, a complex and changeable forest environment can be simulated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of forest fire combustion experiment technology, specifically to a device for simulating the combustion of dead combustibles on the surface of forest areas under different topographical conditions. Background Technology

[0002] Forest fires cause serious damage to forest resources and the human living environment. Simulating forest combustion in the laboratory using relevant facilities and equipment is an effective practice for forest fire prevention and fighting, and has important guiding significance for forest fire prevention and fighting. Combustion beds are an important tool for forest fire simulation experiments. However, existing main technologies for forest fire combustion simulation experiments only provide a simple combustible combustion platform. When simulating the field conditions of combustible samples, they cannot simultaneously meet the simulation requirements of various experimental scenarios such as horizontal experiments, steep slopes, reverse V-shaped terrain, and V-shaped valley terrain. Furthermore, since most commercially available combustion bed designs insert thermocouple sensors from the side, the effective temperature monitoring area is only distributed at the port position, which cannot fully represent the temperature of the entire combustion test area. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new type of device to simulate the combustion of dead combustibles on the surface of forest areas under different terrain and geomorphological conditions. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device for simulating the combustion of dead combustibles on the surface of forest areas under different terrain and landform conditions, so as to simulate the complex and ever-changing forest environment.

[0004] The present invention describes a device for simulating the combustion of dead combustibles on the surface of forest areas under different terrain and geomorphological conditions, comprising a combustion bed frame, a combustion bed body, an adjusting rope, and a winch;

[0005] Multiple pulleys are installed on both sides of the top of the combustion bed frame;

[0006] The combustion bed includes a first bed board and a second bed board hinged together. Multiple connecting parts are provided on the outer periphery of both the first bed board and the second bed board. One end of the adjusting rope is connected to the connecting part of the combustion bed, and the other end of the adjusting rope passes through a pulley and is connected to a winch. The angle between the first bed board and the second bed board is adjusted by adjusting the length of the adjusting rope and the position of the pulley to simulate different terrains.

[0007] Optionally, the combustion bed is divided into an ignition zone, a core experimental zone, and a propagation experimental zone. Several thermocouple holes for installing thermocouples are provided in both the core and propagation experimental zones, with a higher density of thermocouple holes in the core experimental zone than in the propagation experimental zone. The density of the thermocouple holes varies depending on whether it is in the core or propagation combustion zone. During the experiment, thermocouples can be installed at appropriate locations as needed to collect the temperature of the combustible material.

[0008] Optionally, a uniform flow air box is arranged at the front end of the ignition area of the combustion bed body, and the air outlet direction of the uniform flow air box is parallel to the bed surface of the combustion bed body. The uniform flow air box can provide stable air flow, simulate the influence of wind on the combustion process, and make the experimental results closer to the actual situation.

[0009] Optionally, two cross beams and two vertical beams are arranged in the middle of the combustion bed frame, the two cross beams are arranged vertically, the two vertical beams are arranged horizontally, a plurality of connecting holes are arranged on each vertical beam, and the connecting holes are connected with the load-bearing rods of the combustion bed body through locking pins. This structure enhances the stability and load-bearing capacity of the combustion bed frame, ensures the stability and safety of the bed body during the experiment, and further fixes the combustion bed body after adjusting the height of the combustion bed body.

[0010] Optionally, buckles are arranged at the connection between the first bed plate and the second bed plate, and the first bed plate and the second bed plate are fixed together through the buckles. When simulating horizontal terrain and large-angle slope terrain, the buckle design ensures that the first bed plate and the second bed plate can be tightly and stably spliced into a whole, meeting the use requirements.

[0011] Optionally, heat insulation gypsum boards are arranged on the combustion bed body. The heat insulation gypsum boards can isolate heat.

[0012] Optionally, side wind baffles are arranged on both sides of the first bed plate and both sides of the second bed plate, and thermocouple holes are arranged on the side wind baffles. The side wind baffles can guide the air outlet of the uniform flow air box to the rear end of the combustion bed body as much as possible. Meanwhile, the thermocouple holes arranged as needed can further measure the temperature of different areas.

[0013] Optionally, the combustion bed frame further comprises a diagonal pull rod provided with hook portions at both ends, a first hooking hole is arranged in the middle of the top of the combustion bed frame, second hooking holes are arranged at the four corners of the bottom of the combustion bed frame, the upper end of the diagonal pull rod is hooked on the first hooking hole, and the lower end of the diagonal pull rod is hooked on the second hooking holes at the corners. The design of the diagonal pull rod and the hooking holes can enhance the overall stability of the combustion bed frame, and prevent deformation or collapse during the experiment.

[0014] Optionally, the connecting portion is a lifting ring. The lifting ring as the connecting portion can be conveniently connected with the adjusting rope.

[0015] Optionally, a thermosensitive handheld wind speed measuring instrument is further included, and the thermosensitive handheld wind speed measuring instrument is used for collecting the air volume and wind speed data of the air outlet of the uniform flow air box. The thermosensitive handheld wind speed measuring instrument can accurately measure the air volume and wind speed, provide accurate air flow parameters for the experiment, and improve the accuracy and reliability of the experiment.

[0016] The utility model discloses the beneficial effect:

[0017] (1) The combustion bed body can form various simulation scenes (such as: horizontal terrain, large-angle slope terrain, reverse V terrain, V-shaped valley terrain, etc.), and can be provided with various angle combinations to simulate complex and changeable forest environments.

[0018] (2) The combustion bed body has thermocouple holes for installing thermocouples on the bottom surface and the side surface, and the density of the thermocouple holes is differentiated according to the core combustion area and the spread combustion area; when testing, thermocouples can be installed at the corresponding positions as needed to collect the temperature of the combustion object.

[0019] (3) The present application further comprises a current equalization air box at the front end of the ignition area to simulate the influence of wind on the spread of the flame, and a handheld wind speed measuring instrument is used to collect real-time data of the wind speed to better adjust the wind speed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a front view of the device for simulating the combustion of surface dead combustible materials under different terrain and landform conditions in forest areas in the embodiments of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 is a side view of the combustion bed frame in the embodiments of the present application;

[0022] Figure 3 is a schematic view of the combustion bed body simulating a large-angle slope terrain in the embodiments of the present application;

[0023] Figure 4 is a schematic view of the combustion bed body simulating a reverse V terrain in the embodiments of the present application;

[0024] Figure 5 is a schematic view of the combustion bed body simulating a V-shaped valley terrain in the embodiments of the present application;

[0025] Figure 6 is a top view of the combustion bed body in the embodiments of the present application;

[0026] Figure 7 is a sectional view of the combustion bed body (including thermocouples) in the embodiments of the present application;

[0027] In the drawings: 1, combustion bed frame, 11, connecting hole, 12, pulley, 13, super heavy universal wheel, 14, cross beam, 15, vertical beam, 2, combustion bed body, 21, first bed plate, 22, second bed plate, 23, gypsum board, 24, connecting part, 25, buckle, 26, side wind baffle, 27, thermocouple hole, 28, ignition area, 29, core experiment area, 210, spread experiment area, 211, current equalization air box, 212, first hooking hole, 213, second hooking hole, 214, diagonal pull rod, 215, load-bearing rod, 3, adjusting rope, 4, winch, 5, thermocouple. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The advantages and effects of the present application can be understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the specification. The present application can also be implemented or applied in different specific embodiments, and the details in the specification can be modified or changed based on different views and applications without departing from the spirit of the present application. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are only for illustrating the present application, but not for limiting the protection scope of the present application.

[0029] As shown in Figures 1 to 5 , in the embodiment of the present application, a device for simulating the combustion of surface dead combustible materials under different topographic conditions in a forest area, comprising a combustion bed frame 1, a combustion bed body 2, an adjusting rope 3 (such as a steel wire rope) and a winch 4. The combustion bed frame 1 is provided with movable pulleys 12 on both sides of the top thereof, and the combustion bed frame 1 is provided with pulleys 12 on both sides of the bottom thereof. The winch 4 is provided on both sides of the bottom of the combustion bed frame 1. The number of winches 4 is determined according to the actual situation. The winch 4 can be a manual winch or an electric winch.

[0030] As shown in Figure 6 , the combustion bed body 2 comprises a first bed plate 21 and a second bed plate 22 hingedly connected together, and the first bed plate 21 and the second bed plate 22 are each provided with a connecting portion 24 (such as a lifting ring) on the outer periphery thereof. One end of the adjusting rope 3 is connected to the connecting portion 24 of the combustion bed body 2, and the other end of the adjusting rope 3 is connected to the winch 4 after passing through the pulley 12. The angle between the first bed plate 21 and the second bed plate 22 is adjusted by adjusting the length of the adjusting rope 3 and the position of the pulley 12, thereby simulating horizontal topography, large-angle slope topography, inverted V-shaped topography, V-shaped valley topography and the like.

[0031] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , in use, first, one end of the adjusting rope 3 is fixedly connected to the connecting portion 24. Then, the other end of the adjusting rope 3 is connected to the winch 4 after passing through the pulley 12 provided on the top of the combustion bed frame 1. By operating the winch 4, the length of the adjusting rope 3 can be adjusted, thereby simulating different topographies. If further adjustment of the simulated topography is required, the position of the pulley 12 can also be moved as needed.

[0032] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown in a possible embodiment, the bottom of the combustion bed frame 1 is provided with an ultra-heavy universal wheel 13 to facilitate the movement of the combustion bed frame 1. Two cross beams 14 and two vertical beams 15 are arranged in the middle of the combustion bed frame 1, the two cross beams 14 are arranged vertically, and the two vertical beams 15 are arranged horizontally. A plurality of connecting holes 11 are arranged on each vertical beam 15. A load-bearing rod 215 is arranged at the connection between the first bed plate 21 and the second bed plate 22. When the height of the combustion bed frame 1 is adjusted, the connecting holes 11 are connected with the load-bearing rod 215 through the locking pin, that is, the hinge between the first bed plate 21 and the second bed plate 22 is locked with the vertical beam 15. For example, when eight connecting holes 11 are evenly arranged on each vertical beam 15, the height of the combustion bed body 2 can be adjusted in eight gears.

[0033] As shown in a possible embodiment, the first bed plate 21 and the second bed plate 22 are connected through a hinge 24. Figure 6 As shown in a possible embodiment, a buckle 25 is arranged at the connection between the first bed plate 21 and the second bed plate 22. When the combustion bed body 2 is used to simulate horizontal terrain and large-angle slope terrain, the first bed plate 21 and the second bed plate 22 are fixed as one piece through the buckle 25.

[0034] As shown in a possible embodiment, a heat insulation gypsum board 23 is arranged on the combustion bed body 2 for heat insulation. Figure 6 As shown in a possible embodiment, the combustion bed body 2 is divided into three areas, namely an ignition area 28, a core experiment area 29, and a spread experiment area 210. No sensor is arranged in the ignition area 28, and a plurality of thermocouple holes 27 for arranging thermocouples 5 are arranged in the core experiment area 29 and the spread experiment area 210. The density of the thermocouple holes 27 in the core experiment area 29 is greater than that in the spread experiment area 210.

[0035] Figure 6 The model and wiring of the thermocouple 5 should be matched with the thermocouple collector. The length of the lead wire should meet the needs of combustion and on-site installation, and the lead wire should be resistant to high temperature of 500℃ or above. The temperature measurement range of the thermocouple 5 is 0℃-12100℃, and the test accuracy is not less than ±2℃ (or not less than ±1 of the range). In addition to collecting temperature through the thermocouple 5, temperature can also be collected through thermal imaging, and a thermal map can be formed to directly observe the formation of heat flow.

[0036] As shown in a possible embodiment, wind is an important influencing factor for the combustion of combustible materials. A flow uniformizing air box 211 is arranged at the front end of the ignition area 28 of the combustion bed body 2. The air outlet direction of the flow uniformizing air box 211 is parallel to the bed surface of the combustion bed body 2, so as to ensure that the air volume and air speed at each outlet are as consistent as possible.

[0037] As shown in a possible embodiment, the flow uniformizing air box 211 is provided with a plurality of air inlets 212. The air inlets 212 are arranged in the form of a plurality of rows and columns, and the air inlets 212 in each row are connected through a pipeline 213. Figure 1

[0038] ​​In a possible embodiment, the heat-sensitive handheld wind speed measuring instrument can also be configured as required, and the data of the wind volume and the wind speed can be collected at any time through the heat-sensitive handheld wind speed measuring instrument, and the tester can adjust the key influencing factors of the wind volume and the wind speed at any time according to the data.

[0039] As shown in Figure 7 In a possible embodiment, side wind baffles 26 are arranged on both sides of the first bed plate 21 and on both sides of the second bed plate 22, and the thermocouple holes 27 for mounting the thermocouples 5 can also be arranged on the side wind baffles 26 as required.

[0040] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 In a possible embodiment, the combustion bed frame 1 further comprises a diagonal pull rod 214 provided with hook portions at both ends, and in order to cooperate with the installation of the diagonal pull rod 214, a first hooking hole 212 is arranged in the middle of the top of the combustion bed frame 1, and second hooking holes 213 are arranged at the four corners of the bottom of the combustion bed frame 1, the upper end of the diagonal pull rod 214 is hooked on the first hooking hole 212, and the lower end of the diagonal pull rod 214 is hooked on the second hooking holes 213 at the corners, and the arrangement of the diagonal pull rod 214 can enhance the stability of the combustion bed frame 1.

[0041] In use, the operation steps are as follows:

[0042] Step one, set the slope. Adjust the connecting holes 11 on the ropes 3 and the vertical beams 15 to adjust the combustion bed body 2 to the preset slope as required, and the angles of the first bed plate 21 and the second bed plate 22 can also be adjusted to simulate mountain ridges and valleys.

[0043] Step two, install the heat-insulating gypsum board 23 on the combustion bed body 2, and insert the thermocouples 5 into the thermocouple holes 27.

[0044] Step three, lay the combustible test sample on the combustion bed body 2 according to the field state.

[0045] Step four, simulate the fire behavior through an igniter or other means, and the tester needs to carefully observe the combustion state of the combustible material in the process.

[0046] Step five, finally, image monitoring and thermal imaging monitoring of the combustion test are performed through the dual-spectrum monitoring camera.

[0047] The preferred embodiment of the utility model, but the embodiment of the utility model is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiment, other any change, modification, substitution, combination, simplification, which does not deviate from the spirit and principle of the utility model, should be equivalent replacement mode, all contain in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A device for simulating the combustion of surface dead combustible material in different topographical conditions in a forest area, characterized in that, It comprises a combustion bed frame (1), a combustion bed body (2), an adjusting rope (3) and a winch (4); A plurality of pulleys (12) are arranged on both sides of the top of the combustion bed frame (1); The combustion bed body (2) comprises a first bed plate (21) and a second bed plate (22) hinged together, a plurality of connecting portions (24) are arranged on the outer periphery of the first bed plate (21) and the second bed plate (22), one end of the adjusting rope (3) is connected with the connecting portion (24) of the combustion bed body (2), the other end of the adjusting rope (3) is connected with the winch (4) after passing through the pulley (12), and the angle between the first bed plate (21) and the second bed plate (22) is adjusted by adjusting the length of the adjusting rope (3) and the position of the pulley (12) to simulate different terrains.

2. The apparatus for simulating the burning of surface dead combustible material in different topographical conditions of forest area according to claim 1, characterized in that, The combustion bed body (2) is divided into an ignition area (28), a core experiment area (29) and a spread experiment area (210), a plurality of thermocouple holes (27) for installing thermocouples (5) are arranged in the core experiment area (29) and the spread experiment area (210), and the density of the thermocouple holes (27) in the core experiment area (29) is greater than that of the thermocouple holes (27) in the spread experiment area (210).

3. The apparatus for simulating the burning of surface dead combustible materials in different topographical conditions of forest areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, A uniform flow air box (211) is arranged at the front end of the ignition area (28) of the combustion bed body (2), and the air outlet direction of the uniform flow air box (211) is parallel to the bed surface of the combustion bed body (2).

4. The apparatus for simulating the burning of surface dead combustible materials in different topographical conditions of forest areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two cross beams (14) and two vertical beams (15) are arranged in the middle of the combustion bed frame (1), the two cross beams (14) are arranged in vertical opposition, the two vertical beams (15) are arranged in horizontal opposition, a plurality of connecting holes (11) are arranged on each vertical beam (15), and the connecting holes (11) are connected with the load-bearing rods (215) of the combustion bed body (2) through locking pins.

5. The apparatus for simulating the burning of surface dead combustible materials in different topographical conditions of forest areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, A buckle (25) is arranged at the connecting portion of the first bed plate (21) and the second bed plate (22), and the first bed plate (21) and the second bed plate (22) are fixed together through the buckle (25).

6. The apparatus for simulating the burning of surface dead combustible materials in different topographical conditions of forest areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, A heat-insulating gypsum board (23) is arranged on the combustion bed body (2).

7. The apparatus for simulating the burning of surface dead combustible materials in different topographical conditions of forest areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, Side wind baffles (26) are arranged on both sides of the first bed plate (21) and both sides of the second bed plate (22), and thermocouple holes (27) are arranged on the side wind baffles (26).

8. The apparatus for simulating the burning of surface dead combustible materials in different topographical conditions of forest areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The combustion bed frame (1) further comprises a diagonal pull rod (214) provided with a hook portion at both ends, a first hooking hole (212) is arranged in the middle of the top of the combustion bed frame (1), a second hooking hole (213) is arranged at each of the four corners of the bottom of the combustion bed frame (1), the upper end of the diagonal pull rod (214) is hooked on the first hooking hole (212), and the lower end of the diagonal pull rod (214) is hooked on the second hooking hole (213) at the diagonal.

9. The apparatus for simulating the burning of surface dead combustible materials in different topographical conditions of forest areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting portion (24) is a lifting ring.

10. The apparatus for simulating the burning of surface dead combustible materials in different topographical conditions of forest areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, A heat-sensitive handheld wind speed measuring instrument is further arranged, which is used for collecting the air volume and wind speed data of the air outlet of the uniform flow air box (211).

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