Ultrasonic vibration auxiliary low-voltage micro-arc machining adjustable clamp

Abstract

The utility model discloses an adjustable clamp for ultrasonic vibration auxiliary low-voltage micro-arc machining, and relates to the technical field of ultrasonic vibration auxiliary machining. The clamp comprises a three-jaw chuck, an ultrasonic vibration device and a nylon outer shell. A threaded hole is formed in the tail end of the three-jaw chuck and used for being connected with the ultrasonic vibration device and the nylon outer shell. The ultrasonic vibration device is arranged in the nylon outer shell and comprises an ultrasonic transducer and an ultrasonic amplitude-change pole, and the ultrasonic transducer is formed by stacking piezoelectric ceramics and electrode plates and is fixed through a front end cover and a rear end cover; the nylon outer shell is of a square-outside and round-inside structure, the bottom of the nylon outer shell is matched with the rear end cover, and an opening is connected with the three-jaw chuck to provide insulation protection for the whole device. By combining low-voltage micro-arc machining with ultrasonic vibration, efficient and high-precision machining is achieved, and the ultrasonic vibration machine has the advantages of being compact in structure, high in stability, integrated in insulation design, adjustable in vibration direction and the like, and is suitable for precision machining of materials difficult to machine in the fields of aerospace, military industry, medical treatment and the like.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of ultrasonic vibration auxiliary processing, more specifically, the utility model relates to an adjustable clamp for ultrasonic vibration auxiliary low-pressure micro-arc processing. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of social production and the rapid progress of science and technology, many fields such as information, control, artificial intelligence and military put forward high-precision, high-speed, high-temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and other requirements for cutting-edge scientific and technological products, and the processing demand of high-strength materials such as nickel-based high-temperature alloy, titanium alloy and silicon carbide ceramic matrix composite (C / SiC) is increasingly urgent. Such materials are prone to cause severe tool wear in traditional mechanical processing, and traditional mechanical processing faces the common problems of low efficiency and high cost. Based on the short arc processing technology, the low-pressure micro-arc processing technology is extended, which can maintain stable micro-scale discharge form by reducing discharge voltage, significantly reduce heat input density, and effectively inhibit material surface ablation and micro-crack propagation. Low-pressure micro-arc discharge processing technology is a processing method that uses high-temperature plasma generated by high-energy density arc discharge to heat and etch the workpiece material. Because of its high efficiency, low cost and low energy consumption, it has become an effective means for large-scale efficient removal of difficult-to-cut materials, but it still has problems such as retention of electric erosion products and instability of discharge gap, which makes it difficult to optimize the processing precision and efficiency.

[0003] In the field of precision machining, ultrasonic vibration technology can effectively improve the processing interface state through high-frequency micro-impact, ultrasonic machining generates ultrasonic frequency vibration on the tool machining end face through transducer and amplification mechanism, suspension liquid impact and damage the micro-surface of the workpiece, and realize the removal of the workpiece material. Through the synergistic regulation of interface energy by high-frequency cavitation effect and mechanical stress, the interface delamination expansion is inhibited. It is especially suitable for forming processing of hard and brittle materials. However, the limitation of material removal efficiency restricts its large-scale application. At the same time, when the existing technology tries to combine the two processes, the external vibration device is combined with the main shaft, which leads to significant energy transmission loss. The vibration needs to be transmitted to the workpiece through the tool body, and there are problems such as low equipment integration and dynamic response lag, which makes it difficult to realize real-time synergistic regulation of process parameters. The adjustable clamp for ultrasonic vibration auxiliary low-pressure micro-arc processing has broad application prospects in the fields of aerospace, military industry, medical treatment and chemical industry. The device can effectively solve many problems faced by traditional processing methods in processing difficult-to-machine materials, and has important theoretical and practical application value. SUMMARY

[0004] To overcome the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies, this study breaks through the single-energy-field processing mode and proposes a technical route that deeply couples the high-efficiency erosion characteristics of low-pressure micro-arc with the precise control capability of ultrasonic vibration. By dynamically perturbing the interelectrode medium through the vibration energy field, not only can the timely discharge of discharge products be promoted, but the energy distribution can also be optimized by periodically modulating the discharge channel, providing a new approach to solving the stability problems of difficult-to-machine materials, irregularly shaped parts, and complex processing environments. Simultaneously, to fill the gap in ultrasonic-assisted low-pressure micro-arc processing devices and achieve the goals of easy implementation, integrated insulation design, high stability, and interchangeable vibration direction, an adjustable fixture for ultrasonic vibration-assisted low-pressure micro-arc processing was designed.

[0005] This invention provides an adjustable fixture for ultrasonic vibration-assisted low-pressure micro-arc machining, comprising a three-jaw chuck, an ultrasonic vibration device, and a nylon outer shell. The three-jaw chuck has a threaded hole at its bottom for connecting the ultrasonic vibration device and the nylon outer shell.

[0006] The ultrasonic vibration device includes a transducer, an amplitude transformer, a screw, and an insulating gasket. The transducer is fixed to a three-jaw chuck and a nylon housing via a threaded connection. The bottom of the screw is fixed to the nylon housing via a thread. The amplitude transformer is connected to the front end of the transducer and to the three-jaw chuck, providing ultrasonic vibration to the workpiece surface.

[0007] The nylon outer shell, connected by threads, encloses the entire transducer for insulation. The shell features a square outer frame with a circular inner cavity; the square frame enhances compressive strength, while the circular inner cavity disperses stress and improves durability. Simultaneously, the square frame facilitates clamping and provides radial and axial vibration to the surface of the workpiece.

[0008] Preferably, the three-jaw chuck (1) has a through hole to facilitate the insertion of the amplitude rod, and is fixed to the front end of the ultrasonic vibration device by the rear end cover (5) to ensure the clamping function of the clamp.

[0009] Preferably, the front end of the ultrasonic amplitude rod (2) is connected to the marble pad (9) by a thread (13) to provide insulation protection for the top of the ultrasonic vibration device and ensure that the hardness is sufficient to prevent damage.

[0010] Preferably, the outer side of the marble gasket (9) and the inner side of the through hole of the three-jaw chuck (1) are interference fit, which is used to provide stable vibration energy transmission and better insulation protection for low-pressure micro-arc processing.

[0011] Preferably, the nylon outer shell (7) adopts a square outer frame and a round inner frame structure. The square outer frame enhances compressive strength, while the round inner cavity disperses stress and improves durability. At the same time, the square outer frame makes clamping easier, and the workpiece surface can be provided with radial and axial vibrations by changing the clamping method.

[0012] Preferably, the nylon outer shell (7) can have holes made at any location to connect the wires of the ultrasonic generator to the electrode plate (4) to provide the electrical energy required for processing of the entire ultrasonic vibration device, and an insulation structure is provided at the connection to ensure electrical safety.

[0013] Technical effects and advantages of this utility model

[0014] High-efficiency processing: The low-pressure micro-arc processing technology significantly improves the material removal rate, with a maximum material removal rate of 46,000 mm³ / min, which significantly improves processing efficiency.

[0015] High-precision machining: Ultrasonic vibration technology improves chip removal and machining stability, enhances machining accuracy and surface quality, and achieves micron-level machining.

[0016] Reduced tool wear: Ultrasonic vibration reduces friction and heat during machining, thereby reducing tool wear, increasing tool life, and reducing tool replacement frequency.

[0017] Compact structure: The adjustable fixture of this utility model has a compact structure, integrating the traditional multi-part assembly structure into a single main body. The integrated design is easy to install and maintain, and is suitable for the modification and upgrading of various machine tools.

[0018] High stability: Through optimized structural design and material selection, the stability and reliability of the processing are ensured, making it suitable for long-term continuous processing.

[0019] Adjustable clamp: The square outer frame enhances compressive strength, while the circular inner cavity disperses stress and improves durability. Radial and axial vibrations can be provided to the workpiece surface by changing the clamping method.

[0020] Insulation design: Integrated insulation design to avoid the impact of current generated during low-voltage micro-arc processing discharge on the ultrasonic transducer, providing full-path insulation protection.

[0021] Providing workpiece vibration: In ultrasonic-assisted machining, applying ultrasonic vibration to the workpiece can reduce the concentration of cutting stress and heat accumulation, while making it easier for cutting fluid to enter the machining zone. Combined with the cavitation effect, this results in better machining performance. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in this specification are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed herein, and are not intended to limit the implementation conditions of this utility model. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives that this utility model can produce, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this utility model.

[0023] Fig. 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Fig. 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the present invention; Fig. 3 This is a perspective view of the present invention.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Three-jaw chuck; 2. Ultrasonic amplitude transformer; 3. Front cover; 4. Electrode plate; 5. Rear cover; 6. Piezoelectric ceramic; 7. Nylon housing; 8. Jaw; 9. Marble gasket; 10. Screw; 11. Thread; 12. Thread; 13. Threaded pair; 14. Bevel gear hole; 15. Threaded hole; 16. Ultrasonic transducer. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention are given for illustrative and descriptive purposes only, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the present invention to the disclosed forms. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The embodiments were chosen and described to better illustrate the principles and practical applications of the present invention, and to enable those skilled in the art to understand the present invention and design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for a particular purpose.

[0026] Please see Figs. 1-3 An adjustable fixture for ultrasonic vibration-assisted low-pressure micro-arc machining includes a fixture body, an ultrasonic vibration device, and a nylon outer shell.

[0027] Specifically, the upper end of the three-jaw chuck is provided with a three-jaw chuck (1), and there are three jaws (8) on the chuck for fixing the workpiece. The positive jaw and the negative jaw can be changed according to the size of different workpieces. The bevel gear hole (14) on the side is used to adjust the clamping of the three-jaw chuck. There are 6 threaded holes (15) at the end of the chuck for connecting with the ultrasonic vibration device.

[0028] Specifically, the ultrasonic vibration device includes an ultrasonic transducer (16) and an ultrasonic amplitude transformer (2). The ultrasonic transducer (16) contains four piezoelectric ceramics (6) and four electrode plates (4) stacked in a cross pattern. These are fixed to a screw rod (10) with threads (11) and (12) by a front end cap (3) and a rear end cap (5), which is used to provide vibration for the ultrasonic amplitude transformer (2). The ultrasonic amplitude transformer (2) is connected to the front end of the ultrasonic transducer (16) and is used to transmit and amplify ultrasonic vibration. A marble gasket (9) is connected to the front end of the ultrasonic amplitude transformer (2). The marble gasket (9) is interference-fitted with the through hole of a three-jaw chuck to provide insulation protection for the top of the ultrasonic vibration device.

[0029] Specifically, the nylon outer shell adopts an inner circle and outer square structure to change the clamping method. The bottom and the rear end cover (5) are chamfered and fit together. A threaded hole (15) is opened at the opening to connect with the three-jaw chuck, which is used to provide insulation for the entire ultrasonic vibration device. At the same time, holes can be opened at any part of the nylon outer shell (7) to connect the wires of the ultrasonic generator to the electrode plate (4), which is used to provide the electrical energy required for processing of the entire ultrasonic vibration device. An insulation structure is set at the connection to ensure electrical safety.

[0030] During operation, the workpiece is clamped on the three-jaw chuck and pressed against the amplitude transformer. The cathode circulation device delivers the working fluid medium, the tool electrode performs the processing, the medium liquid continuously impacts, and the input end of the ultrasonic vibration device is connected to an external ultrasonic generator through a wire.

[0031] The specific working process is as follows: 50Hz AC power is converted into ultrasonic frequency alternating current signal to provide power to the ultrasonic transducer. The ultrasonic transducer converts the ultrasonic frequency alternating current signal into ultrasonic frequency mechanical vibration. After the ultrasonic frequency mechanical vibration is amplified by the amplitude transformer, the workpiece can be driven to vibrate along the axial direction (perpendicular to the low-pressure micro-arc main axis) or radial direction (parallel to the low-pressure micro-arc main axis) by changing the clamping method, thereby realizing ultrasonic low-pressure micro-arc composite processing.

[0032] Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art and related fields based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Structures, devices, and operating methods not specifically described and explained in this utility model, unless otherwise specified or limited, shall be implemented according to conventional means in the art.

Claims

1. An adjustable clamp for ultrasonic vibration assisted low pressure micro-arc machining, comprising a clamp body, an ultrasonic vibration device and a nylon outer shell, characterized in that: The clamp specifically includes a three-jaw chuck (1) with six threaded holes (15) at the end for connecting with the ultrasonic vibration device; the ultrasonic vibration device is placed inside a nylon outer shell (7); the bottom of the nylon outer shell (7) is chamfered to fit with the rear end cover (5), and the opening is provided with a threaded hole (15) connected with the three-jaw chuck (1).

2. The adjustable clamp for ultrasonic vibration-assisted low-voltage micro-arc machining according to claim 1, wherein: The three-jaw chuck (1) is provided with a through hole for facilitating the insertion of the amplitude bar; the chuck is provided with three clamping jaws (8) for fixing the workpiece; the side bevel gear hole (14) is used for adjusting the clamping of the three-jaw chuck; the chuck end is provided with six threaded holes (15) for connecting with the ultrasonic vibration device.

3. The adjustable clamp for ultrasonic vibration-assisted low-voltage micro-arc machining according to claim 1, wherein: The ultrasonic vibration device includes an ultrasonic transducer (16) and an ultrasonic amplitude bar (2); the ultrasonic transducer (16) includes four piezoelectric ceramics (6) and four electrode sheets (4) inside, which are cross-stacked and fixed on the threaded screw rod (10) with the front end cover (3) and the rear end cover (5), for providing vibration for the ultrasonic amplitude bar (2); the ultrasonic amplitude bar (2) is connected to the front end of the ultrasonic transducer (16), for transmitting and amplifying ultrasonic vibration; the front end of the ultrasonic amplitude bar (2) is connected with a marble gasket (9), for providing insulation protection for the top end of the ultrasonic vibration device.

4. The adjustable clamp for ultrasonic vibration-assisted low-voltage micro-arc machining according to claim 1, wherein: The nylon outer shell (7) adopts an inner circle and outer square structure, the bottom is chamfered to fit with the rear end cover (5), and the opening is provided with a threaded hole (15) connected with the three-jaw chuck (1), for providing insulation for the entire ultrasonic vibration device; the shell is provided with a hole for connecting the wires of the ultrasonic generator and the electrode sheet (4), for providing electrical energy for the ultrasonic vibration device, and an insulation structure is provided at the connection to ensure electrical safety.

5. The adjustable clamp for ultrasonic vibration-assisted low-voltage micro-arc machining according to claim 3, wherein: The front end of the ultrasonic amplitude bar (2) is connected with the marble gasket (9) through threads, for providing insulation protection for the top end of the ultrasonic vibration device.

6. The adjustable clamp for ultrasonic vibration-assisted low-voltage micro-arc machining according to claim 3, wherein: The outside of the marble gasket (9) is in interference fit with the inside of the through hole of the three-jaw chuck (1), for providing stable vibration energy transmission and insulation protection for low-pressure micro-arc processing.

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