Tunnel construction trolley

Abstract

The utility model relates to a tunnel construction trolley which is characterized in that a trolley body comprises a lower layer rack, an upper layer rack, a trolley bracket and a vertical frame trolley which are sequentially connected from bottom to top and are combined to form a four-layer structure; any one of the upper-layer rack and the trolley bracket can longitudinally move relative to the respective next layer, and any one layer can move to the front end extending out of the next layer; rock drills are arranged at the bottom and the top of the lower-layer rack, the upper-layer rack and the trolley bracket; the vertical frame trolley can longitudinally move between the front end and the rear end of the trolley bracket; the vertical frame trolley can bear and jack the top arch frame to the top of the tunnel; the rear end of the lower layer rack is provided with an arch frame lifting device used for lifting the top arch frame from the bottom of the tunnel and transferring the top arch frame to the vertical frame trolley. The trolley disclosed by the utility model can be used for drilling and top arch frame erecting operation in three-step construction, so that the manual operation is greatly reduced, and the efficiency is higher; and the drilling machine is also suitable for micro-step and full-section drilling and top arch frame erecting operation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to a tunnel construction trolley in the technical field of tunnel construction. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the prior art, the drilling construction and the arch stand construction in the tunnel excavation and support construction process are usually completed by a three-arm rock drilling rig and a three-arm three-frame arch installation machine respectively, but the three-arm rock drilling rig and the three-arm three-frame arch installation machine can only be applied to the full-face and micro-step construction method of the tunnel, and when the tunnel surrounding rock suddenly changes, the three-arm rock drilling rig and the three-arm three-frame arch installation machine cannot be applied, and only manual drilling and stand construction can be adopted, so the construction efficiency is low. SUMMARY

[0003] The utility model discloses a tunnel construction trolley which can be applied to the three-step construction method of the tunnel and can improve the construction efficiency.

[0004] The utility model provides a tunnel construction trolley, and the technical scheme is as follows:

[0005] A tunnel construction trolley comprises a trolley body, the trolley body comprises a lower layer rack, an upper layer rack, a trolley bracket and a stand trolley which are sequentially connected from bottom to top, and the four parts form a four-layer structure; any layer of the upper layer rack and the trolley bracket can move along the longitudinal direction relative to the next layer, and any layer can move to the front end of the next layer; a first rock drilling machine is arranged at the bottom of the lower layer rack, and a second rock drilling machine is arranged at the top of the lower layer rack; a third rock drilling machine is arranged on the upper layer rack and the trolley bracket; the stand trolley can move along the longitudinal direction between the front end and the rear end of the trolley bracket; the stand trolley can carry and jackingly lift a top arch to the top of the tunnel; an arch lifting device is arranged at the rear end of the lower layer rack, and the arch lifting device is used for lifting the top arch from the bottom of the tunnel and transferring the top arch to the stand trolley.

[0006] The utility model adopts the foregoing technical scheme, when the drilling construction of the three-step construction method of the tunnel is carried out, the trolley is located at the tunnel face, the trolley bracket and the upper layer rack are synchronously moved to the front end of the lower layer rack and above the lower step, the first rock drilling machine drills the hole of the lower step, the second rock drilling machine drills the hole of the middle step, and the third rock drilling machine drills the hole of the upper step, so that the drilling operation is completed; when the stand construction is carried out, the arch lifting device is used for lifting the top arch from the bottom of the tunnel and transferring the top arch to the stand trolley; the upper layer rack is moved to the front end of the lower layer rack and above the lower step, the trolley bracket is moved to the front end of the upper layer rack and above the middle step, the stand trolley is moved to the front end of the trolley bracket, and then the stand trolley jackingly lifts the top arch to the top of the tunnel, so that the top arch construction is completed.

[0007] Furthermore, this construction trolley is also applicable when constructing tunnels using the micro-step or full-face method. When drilling using the micro-step method, the trolley is positioned at the tunnel face, with each layer not extending out. The first rock drill drills the lower step hole, while the second and third rock drills drill the micro-step hole. When erecting the frame, the top arch frame is lifted from the bottom of the tunnel and transferred to the frame erection trolley using the arch frame lifting device. The trolley bracket and the upper platform move synchronously, extending the front end of the lower platform to above the lower step. The frame erection trolley moves to the front end of the trolley bracket, and then the frame erection trolley lifts the top arch frame to the top of the tunnel.

[0008] When drilling using the full-face drilling method, none of the layers protrude, allowing the trolley to be positioned at the tunnel face. The first, second, and third rock drills drill through the full-face holes. When erecting the frame, none of the layers protrude. The top arch frame is lifted from the bottom of the tunnel and transferred to the frame erection trolley using an arch frame lifting device. The frame erection trolley moves to the front end of the trolley bracket, and then the frame erection trolley lifts the top arch frame to the top of the tunnel.

[0009] Compared to existing technologies where three-arm drilling rigs and three-arm three-frame arch frame installation machines are unsuitable for tunnel three-stage construction methods and can only be used for manual drilling and frame erection, resulting in low construction efficiency, the construction trolley of this utility model can be used for drilling and top arch frame erection in tunnel three-stage construction methods, significantly reducing manual drilling and frame erection operations and increasing construction efficiency. Furthermore, this construction trolley is also suitable for drilling and top arch frame erection in micro-step and full-section tunnels, and can switch between different usage modes according to the tunnel three-stage, micro-step, and full-section construction methods, making it widely applicable.

[0010] Furthermore, the erection trolley includes two lifting crossbeams and two lifting longitudinal beams located between them. Each lifting longitudinal beam is equipped with multiple transport trolleys for the top arch frame. The two lifting crossbeams are driven to rise and fall by a first lifting cylinder at each end. Each lifting crossbeam is equipped with two carrying trolleys, and each end of the lifting longitudinal beam is supported by a carrying trolley. The top arch frame is placed on the transport trolleys of the two lifting longitudinal beams. The top arch frame can move with the transport trolleys on the lifting longitudinal beams to adjust its longitudinal position. The lifting longitudinal beams can move laterally with the carrying trolleys on the lifting crossbeams, thereby adjusting the lateral position of the top arch frame. After the longitudinal and lateral positions of the top arch frame are adjusted to the correct position, the first lifting cylinders drive the lifting crossbeams to rise, thereby lifting the top arch frame to the top of the tunnel.

[0011] Furthermore, the arch frame lifting device includes one arch frame lifting unit on each side of the rear end of the lower platform; each arch frame lifting unit includes a lifting longitudinal beam, a translation longitudinal beam, a lifting longitudinal beam, a lifting device, at least two second lifting cylinders, and at least two vertical guide rails; the lower end of each guide rail is located at the bottom of the lower platform, and the upper end extends out of the top of the lower platform; a lifting trolley is installed on each guide rail; one end of the lifting longitudinal beam is fixed to the lifting trolley, and the other end extends rearward out of the lower platform; a translation trolley is installed on the lifting longitudinal beam, and the translation longitudinal beam is fixed to the translation trolley; the lifting longitudinal beam is located inside the upper end of the guide rail and is driven to lift based on the second lifting cylinder located at the top of the lower platform; the lifting device is used to drive the lifting longitudinal beam to lift. The arch frame lifting device with the above structure is used to lift the top arch frame from the bottom of the tunnel and transfer it to the erection trolley. The specific steps are as follows: First, the two lifting longitudinal beams are lowered to the lower end of the guide rail by the lifting equipment. The translation longitudinal beam is moved to the rear end of the lifting longitudinal beam. Then, the top arch frame is placed on the two translation longitudinal beams. The lifting longitudinal beam is then raised to the upper end of the guide rail by the lifting equipment. The translation longitudinal beam is then moved to the front end of the lifting longitudinal beam. Then, the lifting longitudinal beam is raised by the second lifting cylinder. The top arch frame is raised to a higher height by the lifting longitudinal beam. After that, the erection trolley is moved to the bottom of the top arch frame on the trolley bracket. Then, the lifting longitudinal beam and the top arch frame are lowered by the second lifting cylinder. The top arch frame is then placed on the transport trolley.

[0012] Furthermore, lifting devices and first arch frame side-supporting mechanisms are provided on both sides of the front end of the lower platform, both sides of the front end of the upper platform, and both sides of the erection trolley. Each first arch frame side-supporting mechanism includes two first telescopic horizontal bars and one first vertical bar. The two first telescopic horizontal bars are set to be of equal height and parallel to each other. The telescopic ends of the first telescopic horizontal bars face outwards, and the telescopic ends are hinged to the first vertical bar. According to the different positions of the side arch frame erection in the three-step, micro-step, and full-section construction methods, different first lifting devices are selected to lift the corresponding side arch frame. Then, the first telescopic horizontal bars extend to drive the first vertical bar to press the side arch frame from the side until it is in place. After fixing, the side arch frame erection is completed.

[0013] Furthermore, the lower platform is equipped with second arch frame side-supporting mechanisms on both rear ends; each of the second arch frame side-supporting mechanisms includes two second telescopic horizontal bars and a second vertical bar. The two second telescopic horizontal bars are set to be of equal height and parallel to each other, and the telescopic ends of the second telescopic horizontal bars face outwards and are hinged to the second vertical bar. In order to further improve the construction efficiency of the side arch frame, second arch frame side-supporting mechanisms are provided on both rear ends of the lower platform. First, the top arch frame is hinged to the adjacent side arch frames on both sides, and the adjacent side arch frames are folded under the top arch frame. The top arch frame is then lifted by an arch frame lifting device. After being lifted into position, the adjacent side arches are unfolded by the second arch frame side-top mechanism, and the adjacent side arches are fixedly connected to the top arch frame. Then, the arch frame lifting device transfers the top arch frame and the adjacent side arches to the erection trolley. The top arch frame and the adjacent side arches move together with the erection trolley and are lifted into position by the erection trolley. Using this method, the adjacent side arches are connected to the top arch frame and transported together by the arch frame lifting device and the erection trolley. Compared with the method of lifting the side arches with a hoisting device, the movement is more stable and faster, the operation is less difficult, the erection time of the side arches is saved, and the construction efficiency is higher.

[0014] Furthermore, the lower platform is provided with a first and a second longitudinal slide rail at its bottom and top, respectively, and the upper platform and the trolley bracket are provided with a third longitudinal slide rail. The first, second, and third rock drills are all fixedly connected to bases, which are slidably mounted on the first, second, and third slide rails, respectively. During drilling operations, the rock drills are slid forward to bring them closer to the working face, facilitating drilling. When drilling is not required, the rock drills are slid backward to avoid interfering with the erection frame, charging, and other construction work.

[0015] Furthermore, the front end of the upper platform, the trolley bracket, and the upright trolley are each provided with at least two support legs, which can extend and retract vertically; by extending the support legs vertically and supporting them on the steps, they form support for the upper platform, the trolley bracket, and the upright trolley, ensuring the stability of the overall structure of the trolley.

[0016] This utility model also provides a construction method based on the above-mentioned tunnel construction trolley, which is used to perform drilling construction and top arch frame erection construction of the three-stage construction method.

[0017] During drilling, the trolley is located at the working face, and the trolley bracket and the upper platform move synchronously to extend from the front end of the lower platform to above the lower bench; the first rock drill drills the lower bench hole, the second rock drill drills the middle bench hole, and the third rock drill drills the upper bench hole.

[0018] During the erection of the top arch frame, the trolley is located at the tunnel face. The arch frame lifting device lifts multiple top arch frames from the bottom of the tunnel and transfers them to the erection trolley. The upper platform moves and extends beyond the front end of the lower platform to above the lower step. The trolley bracket moves and extends beyond the front end of the upper platform to above the middle step. The erection trolley moves to the front end of the trolley bracket, and then the erection trolley lifts the multiple top arch frames to the top of the tunnel. The multiple top arch frames are arranged at intervals and connected as a whole by an arc-shaped steel mesh.

[0019] The above construction method can be used for drilling and erecting top arch frames in the three-stage tunnel construction method, which greatly reduces manual drilling and erection operations and improves construction efficiency. Moreover, it can complete the erection of multiple top arch frames at the same time. Compared with the existing three-arm three-frame arch frame installation machine, each robotic arm can only grab one arch frame for installation at a time. This utility model greatly improves the installation efficiency. In addition, multiple top arch frames are connected into a whole by steel mesh, which facilitates overall movement and results in higher structural strength and stability after erection.

[0020] Furthermore, it is also used for the construction of the side arch frame erection in the three-stage construction method; including the steps of: lifting the side arch frame with a lifting device, and placing the side arch frame into position by the side-top mechanism of the first arch frame; the auxiliary side arch frame erection construction is achieved in the above manner.

[0021] Furthermore, it is also used for the construction of side arch frames in the three-step construction method; the steps include: first, hinge the top arch frame to the adjacent side arch frames on both sides, and fold the adjacent side arch frames under the top arch frame; lift the top arch frame using an arch frame lifting device, and after it is lifted into place, unfold the adjacent side arch frames using a second arch frame side-lifting mechanism, and fix the adjacent side arch frames to the top arch frame; then, the arch frame lifting device transfers the top arch frame and the adjacent side arch frames to the erection trolley; the top arch frame and the adjacent side arch frames move forward together with the erection trolley and are lifted into place by the erection trolley; the remaining side arch frames are lifted by a hoisting device. The side arches are then lifted into place by the first arch frame side-lifting mechanism. Using the above-mentioned side arch frame erection method, adjacent side arches are connected to the top arch frame and transported together by the arch frame lifting device and the erection trolley. Compared with the method of lifting the side arches with a hoisting device, the movement is more stable and faster, the operation is less difficult, and the erection time of the side arches is saved, resulting in higher construction efficiency. At the same time, the adjacent side arches are first hinged to the top arch frame and then folded to reduce the width and height dimensions, avoiding interference with the surrounding area in the narrow space of the tunnel during movement. This facilitates transportation and loading to the arch frame lifting device. After being lifted into place with sufficient space, the arches are then unfolded and fixed to the top arch frame.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The construction trolley of this utility model can be used for drilling and top arch frame erection operations in the three-stage tunnel construction method, greatly reducing manual drilling and frame erection operations and improving construction efficiency; in addition, this construction trolley can also be applied to drilling and top arch frame erection operations in micro-stage and full-section tunnels, and can switch the usage state accordingly according to the three-stage, micro-stage, and full-section tunnel construction methods, with a wide range of applications; it can also assist in the construction of side arch frame erection in the three-stage, micro-stage, and full-section tunnel construction methods; it can simultaneously complete the erection of multiple top arch frames. Compared with the prior art, where each of the three-arm, three-frame arch frame installation machines can only grab one arch frame for installation at a time, the installation efficiency of this utility model is greatly improved. Attached image description:

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a front view of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the frame trolley structure;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the trolley bracket structure;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the upper platform structure;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the lower platform structure;

[0029] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the extension state of each layer of this utility model during drilling construction using the three-step drilling method;

[0030] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the extension state of each layer of this utility model during the construction of the three-stage scaffolding method;

[0031] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the extension state of each layer of this utility model during drilling construction using the micro-step method;

[0032] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the extension state of each layer of this utility model during the construction of the micro-step construction method;

[0033] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the extension state of each layer of this utility model during full-section drilling construction;

[0034] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the extension state of each layer of this utility model during the construction of the full-section scaffolding.

[0035] The diagram is labeled as follows: 1-Lower platform, 2-Upper platform, 3-Trolley bracket, 4-Upright trolley, 5-First rock drill, 6-Second rock drill, 7-Third rock drill, 8-Lifting crossbeam, 9-Lifting longitudinal beam, 10-Transport trolley, 11-First lifting cylinder, 12-Bearing trolley, 13-Lifting longitudinal beam, 14-Transferring longitudinal beam, 15-Lifting longitudinal beam, 16-Lifting equipment, 17-Second lifting cylinder, 18-Guide rail, 19-Lifting trolley, 20-Transferring trolley, 21-First telescopic crossbar, 22-First longitudinal bar, 23-Second telescopic crossbar, 24-Second longitudinal bar, 25-First slide rail, 26-Second slide rail, 27-Third slide rail, 28-Base, 29-Outrigger, 30-Sliding base, 31-Longitudinal beam. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this utility model and are not intended to limit this utility model.

[0038] This utility model embodiment provides a tunnel construction trolley, such as Figures 1-6 As shown, a tunnel construction trolley includes a trolley body, which comprises a lower platform 1, an upper platform 2, a trolley bracket 3, and a vertical trolley 4 connected sequentially from bottom to top, forming a four-layer structure. Either the upper platform 2 or the trolley bracket 3 can move longitudinally relative to its lower layer, and either layer can move to extend beyond the front end of the lower layer. A first rock drill 5 is located at the bottom of the lower platform 1, and a second rock drill 6 is located at the top of the lower platform 1. A third rock drill 7 is located on both the upper platform 2 and the trolley bracket 3. The vertical trolley 4 can move longitudinally between the front and rear ends of the trolley bracket 3. The vertical trolley 4 can carry and lift the top arch frame to the top of the tunnel. An arch frame lifting device is located at the rear end of the lower platform 1, used to lift the top arch frame from the bottom of the tunnel and transfer it to the vertical trolley 4.

[0039] The upright trolley 4 can only move longitudinally between the front and rear ends of the trolley bracket 3, and cannot extend beyond the front end of the trolley bracket 3; the relative movement between any two adjacent layers of the lower platform 1, upper platform 2, trolley bracket 3, and upright trolley 4 is achieved in the following ways: multiple sliding bases 30 are fixedly provided at the bottom of the upper layer, or multiple sliding bases 30 are fixedly provided at the top of the lower layer, or multiple sliding bases 30 are fixedly provided at both the bottom of the upper layer and the top of the lower layer; the sliding bases 30 are slidably installed on the longitudinal beams 31 of the adjacent layers, and rollers are provided on the sliding bases 30 to reduce the friction when the two adjacent layers move relative to each other; through reasonable design The position of the rollers can serve to support gravity and limit movement; the sliding base 30 has various structural forms, and a preferred structural form of the sliding base 30 is: it has a U-shaped groove with an upward or downward opening, a support roller on the bottom surface of the U-shaped groove, and a limiting roller on the two sides, with the longitudinal beams 31 of the adjacent layers embedded in the U-shaped groove; the power and driving method for the relative movement between two adjacent layers are not limited, as long as the relative translation between the two can be achieved. For example, a hydraulic drive system, such as a hydraulic pusher, can be used, or an electric drive system, such as a motor + gear rack, can be used, or a combination of hydraulic and electric drive can be used;

[0040] The types of the first rock drill 5, the second rock drill 6, and the third rock drill 7 are not limited, as long as they can perform drilling operations on the tunnel face. In this embodiment, they can be stepping rock drills (stepping rock drills are existing technology, a type of mechanized rock drilling equipment used in tunnel construction to replace manual rock drilling. They are constructed by setting a manually carried pneumatic rock drill on a guide rail, and can achieve automated rock drilling through stepping propulsion using simple industrial control technology). Preferably, the stepping rock drill in the utility model patent with authorization announcement number CN111119746B of this applicant is selected; they can also be rock drills formed by connecting a universal arm to a stepping rock drill, and the universal arm can be used to adjust the position and direction of the stepping rock drill under various working conditions. Preferably, the tunnel construction rock drill with authorization announcement number CN111155940B of this applicant is selected.

[0041] The erecting trolley 4 includes two lifting crossbeams 8 and two lifting longitudinal beams 9 located between them. Each lifting longitudinal beam 9 is equipped with multiple transport trolleys 10 with top arch frames. The lifting crossbeams 8 are driven to lift based on a first lifting cylinder 11 at each end. Each lifting crossbeam 8 is equipped with two carrying trolleys 12, and each end of the lifting longitudinal beam 9 is supported by a carrying trolley 12.

[0042] The arch frame lifting device includes one arch frame lifting unit on each side of the rear end of the lower platform 1; each arch frame lifting unit includes a lifting longitudinal beam 13, a translation longitudinal beam 14, a lifting longitudinal beam 15, a lifting device 16, at least two second lifting cylinders 17, and at least two vertical guide rails 18; the lower end of any guide rail 18 is located at the bottom of the lower platform 1, and the upper end extends out of the top of the lower platform 1; a lifting trolley 19 is installed on any guide rail 18; one end of the lifting longitudinal beam 13 is fixed to the lifting trolley 19, and the other end extends rearward out of the lower platform 1; a translation trolley 20 is installed on the lifting longitudinal beam 13, and the translation longitudinal beam 15 is fixed to the translation trolley 16. On the trolley 20; the lifting longitudinal beam 15 is located on the inner side of the upper end of the guide rail 18, and is driven to lift based on the second lifting cylinder 17 located on the top of the lower platform 1; the lifting equipment 16 is used to drive the lifting longitudinal beam 13 to lift; the specific type of the lifting equipment 16 is not limited, as long as it can drive the lifting longitudinal beam 13 to lift between the two ends of the guide rail 18. In this embodiment, the lifting equipment 16 is selected as a winch installed on the lower platform 1, which lifts the lifting longitudinal beam 13 by cooperating with pulleys; the movement of the translation longitudinal beam 14 on the lifting longitudinal beam 13 is completed manually, or a cylinder is set between the translation longitudinal beam 14 and the lifting longitudinal beam 13 to complete the movement.

[0043] Lifting devices and first arch frame side-supporting mechanisms are provided on both sides of the front end of the lower platform 1, both sides of the front end of the upper platform 2, and both sides of the upright trolley 4. Each first arch frame side-supporting mechanism includes two first telescopic horizontal bars 21 and a first vertical bar 22. The two first telescopic horizontal bars 21 are set to be of equal height and parallel to each other. The telescopic ends of the first telescopic horizontal bars 21 face outward and are hinged to the first vertical bar 22. The lifting device can be a cantilever crane, winch, etc., which are not shown in the figure. A footboard is fixedly attached to the two first telescopic horizontal bars 21 of each first arch frame side-supporting mechanism to facilitate workers to stand.

[0044] The lower platform 1 is equipped with a second arch frame side top mechanism on both sides of its rear end; each second arch frame side top mechanism includes two second telescopic horizontal bars 23 and a second vertical bar 24. The two second telescopic horizontal bars 23 are set to be of equal height and parallel to each other. The telescopic ends of the second telescopic horizontal bars 23 are all facing outwards and are all hinged to the second vertical bar 24; a footboard is fixedly attached to the two second telescopic horizontal bars 23 of each second arch frame side top mechanism to facilitate workers to stand.

[0045] The lower platform 1 is provided with a first longitudinal slide rail 25 and a second longitudinal slide rail 26 at its bottom and top, respectively. The upper platform 2 and the trolley bracket 3 are both provided with a third longitudinal slide rail 27. A base 28 is fixedly connected to each of the first rock drill 5, the second rock drill 6, and the third rock drill 7. The bases 28 of the first rock drill 5, the second rock drill 6, and the third rock drill 7 are slidably mounted on the first slide rail 25, the second slide rail 26, and the third slide rail 27, respectively. The first slide rail 25, the second slide rail 26, and the third slide rail 27 are all steel beams. The front ends of the first slide rail 25 and the second slide rail 26 are connected to the lower platform 1. The front ends are flush with each other. The front end of the third slide rail 27 on the upper platform 2 is flush with the front end of the upper platform 2, and the front end of the third slide rail 27 on the trolley bracket 3 is flush with the front end of the trolley bracket 3. The first arch frame side top mechanism of the lower platform 1 can be fixed to the front end of the lower platform 1, or it can be slidably installed on the first slide rail 25 and its position can be adjusted by sliding back and forth with the first slide rail 25. When the first rock drill 5, the second rock drill 6, and the third rock drill 7 are all selected as the tunnel construction rock drills authorized by the applicant CN111155940B, the rear support of their universal arm is fixed on the base 28.

[0046] The upper platform 2, the trolley bracket 3, and the front end of the upright trolley 4 are each equipped with at least two support legs 29, which can extend and retract vertically; each of the first lifting cylinders 11 on the upright trolley 4 is connected to a support leg 29, resulting in two support legs 29 at both the front and rear ends of the upright trolley 4, thus providing more stable support during erection; the lower platform 1, the upper platform 2, and the trolley bracket 3 are all steel frame structures, such as Figure 4 As shown, the trolley bracket 3 includes two longitudinal beams 31 and multiple spaced crossbeams connecting them. Each crossbeam includes a front crossbeam, a middle crossbeam, and a rear crossbeam. The front and rear crossbeams are respectively connected between the two ends of the two longitudinal beams 31. Each end of the front crossbeam is provided with a support leg 29. Two parallel third slide rails 27 are fixed on the crossbeam, and a third rock drill 7 is mounted on each third slide rail 27. Figure 5 As shown, the upper platform 2 includes two third slide rails 27 and multiple spaced crossbeams connecting them. Each crossbeam includes a front crossbeam, a middle crossbeam, and a rear crossbeam. The front and rear crossbeams are respectively connected between the two ends of the two third slide rails 27. Each end of the front crossbeam is provided with a support leg 29. Two parallel longitudinal beams 31 are fixed on the crossbeams. A third rock drill 7 is mounted on each third slide rail 27. Figure 6As shown, the lower platform 1 has an arched structure with a passage at the bottom for personnel and vehicles to pass through. Tires are installed at the bottom of the lower platform 1 to facilitate the movement of the trolley. A second slide rail 26 is provided on each side of the top of the lower platform 1, and a second rock drill 6 is installed on each second slide rail 26. Two longitudinal beams 31 are provided between the two second slide rails 26. Three first slide rails 25 are provided on one side of the bottom of the lower platform 1, and two first slide rails 25 are provided on the other side of the bottom. A first rock drill 5 is installed on each first slide rail 25.

[0047] This embodiment also provides a construction method based on the above-mentioned tunnel construction trolley, used for drilling construction, erection of top arch and side arch, and loading of explosives in the three-stage construction method;

[0048] like Figure 7 As shown, during drilling, the trolley is located at the working face, and the trolley bracket 3 and the upper platform 2 move synchronously to extend from the front end of the lower platform 1 to above the lower step; the second rock drill 6 and the third rock drill 7 move to the front end of the second slide rail 26 and the third slide rail 27 respectively, and the first rock drill 5 is adjusted to a suitable position on the first slide rail 25 to drill the lower step hole, specifically, the lower step peripheral hole and the bottom hole; the second rock drill 6 drills the middle step hole, specifically, the middle step peripheral hole, the auxiliary hole, and the slot hole; the third rock drill 7 drills the upper step hole, specifically, the upper step peripheral hole, the auxiliary hole, and the top hole.

[0049] like Figure 8 As shown, during the construction of the top arch frame, the trolley is located at the tunnel face, with the first rock drill 5, the second rock drill 6, and the third rock drill 7 positioned at the rear ends of the first slide rail 25, the second slide rail 26, and the third slide rail 27, respectively. The multiple top arch frames are lifted from the bottom of the tunnel and transferred to the erection trolley 4 using the arch frame lifting device. The upper platform 2 moves and extends beyond the front end of the lower platform 1 to above the lower step, and the trolley bracket 3 moves and extends beyond the front end of the upper platform 2 to above the middle step. The erection trolley 4 moves to the front end of the trolley bracket 3, and then the erection trolley 4 lifts the multiple top arch frames to the top of the tunnel.

[0050] When constructing the side arch frame and loading explosives, maintain the aforementioned positional relationship between each layer as described during the construction of the top arch frame, i.e. Figure 8As shown; during the construction of the side arch frame, the side arch frame is lifted by a lifting device and then placed into position by the first arch frame side-top mechanism. Specifically, the first arch frame side-top mechanism of the lower platform 1 cooperates with the lifting device on the lower platform 1 to erect the side arch frame of the lower step, the lifting device on the upper platform 2 cooperates with the first arch frame side-top mechanism to erect the side arch frame of the middle step, and the lifting device on the erection trolley 4 cooperates with the first arch frame side-top mechanism to erect the side arch frame of the upper step. Workers manually load explosives on the lower step on the lower platform 1, manually load explosives on the middle step on the upper platform 2, and manually load explosives on the upper step on the erection trolley 4 and / or trolley bracket 3.

[0051] Another method can be used for the construction of the side arch frame: First, the top arch frame is hinged to the adjacent side arch frames on both sides, and the adjacent side arch frames are folded under the top arch frame; the top arch frame is lifted by the arch frame lifting device, and after being lifted into place, the adjacent side arch frames are unfolded by the second arch frame side-topping mechanism, and the adjacent side arch frames are fixedly connected to the top arch frame. Then, the arch frame lifting device transfers the top arch frame and the adjacent side arch frames to the erection trolley 4; the top arch frame and the adjacent side arch frames move forward together with the erection trolley 4 and are lifted into place by the erection trolley 4; the remaining side arch frames are lifted by the hoisting device and are pushed into place by the first arch frame side-topping mechanism.

[0052] This construction method is also used for drilling, erecting top and side arch frames, and loading explosives in the micro-step construction method;

[0053] like Figure 9 As shown, during drilling, the trolley is located at the working face and does not extend beyond any layer. The second rock drill 6 and the third rock drill 7 move to the front end of the second slide rail 26 and the third slide rail 27, respectively. The first rock drill 5 is adjusted to a suitable position on the first slide rail 25 and drills the step hole, specifically, drilling the peripheral holes and bottom holes of the step. The second rock drill 6 and the third rock drill 7 drill micro-step holes, specifically, the second rock drill 6 drills the peripheral holes, auxiliary holes, and slotting holes on both sides of the micro-step, and the third rock drill 7 drills the peripheral holes, auxiliary holes, and top holes of the micro-step arch.

[0054] like Figure 10 As shown, during the construction of the top arch frame, the trolley is located at the tunnel face, with the first rock drill 5, the second rock drill 6, and the third rock drill 7 positioned at the rear ends of the first slide rail 25, the second slide rail 26, and the third slide rail 27, respectively. The multiple top arch frames are lifted from the bottom of the tunnel and transferred to the erection trolley 4 using the arch frame lifting device. The trolley bracket 3 and the upper platform 2 move synchronously, extending from the front end of the lower platform 1 to above the lower step. The erection trolley 4 moves to the front end of the trolley bracket 3, and then the erection trolley 4 lifts the multiple top arch frames to the top of the tunnel.

[0055] When constructing the side arch frame and loading explosives, maintain the aforementioned positional relationship between each layer as described during the construction of the top arch frame, i.e. Figure 10 As shown; during the construction of the side arch frame, the side arch frame is lifted by a lifting device and then placed into position by the first arch frame side-top mechanism. Specifically, the first arch frame side-top mechanism of the lower platform 1 cooperates with the lifting device on the lower platform 1 to erect the side arch frame of the lower step, and the lifting device on the upper platform 2 and the erection trolley 4 cooperates with the first arch frame side-top mechanism to erect the side arch frame of the micro-step; workers manually load explosives on the lower step on the lower platform 1, and manually load explosives on the micro-step on at least one of the upper platform 2, the trolley bracket 3 and the erection trolley 4.

[0056] The side arch frame erection can also be carried out in another way, which is the same as the other way of side arch frame erection in the three-step construction method mentioned above, and will not be described again here.

[0057] This construction method is also used for drilling construction, erection of top and side arch frames, and loading of explosives in full-section construction.

[0058] like Figure 11 As shown, during drilling, the trolley is located at the working face. The first rock drill 5, the second rock drill 6, and the third rock drill 7 move to the appropriate positions on the first slide rail 25, the second slide rail 26, and the third slide rail 27, respectively. The first rock drill 5, the second rock drill 6, and the third rock drill 7 drill the full-section holes. Specifically, the first rock drill 5 drills the holes around the arch foot and the bottom hole, the second rock drill 6 drills the holes around the sides of the arch waist, the auxiliary holes, and the slotting holes, and the third rock drill 7 drills the holes around the arch top, the auxiliary holes, and the top hole.

[0059] like Figure 12 As shown, during the construction of the top arch frame, the trolley is located at the tunnel face, with the first rock drill 5, the second rock drill 6, and the third rock drill 7 positioned at the rear ends of the first slide rail 25, the second slide rail 26, and the third slide rail 27, respectively. The multiple top arch frames are lifted from the bottom of the tunnel and transferred to the erection trolley 4 using the arch frame lifting device. The erection trolley 4 moves to the front end of the trolley bracket 3, and then the erection trolley 4 lifts the multiple top arch frames to the top of the tunnel.

[0060] When constructing the side arch frame and loading explosives, maintain the aforementioned positional relationship between each layer as described during the construction of the top arch frame, i.e. Figure 12 As shown; during the construction of the side arch frame, the side arch frame is lifted by a lifting device and then pushed into place by the first arch frame side-top mechanism. Specifically, the lifting devices on the lower platform 1 and the upper platform 2, together with the first arch frame side-top mechanism, are used to erect the side arch frame; workers manually load the explosives on the trolley.

[0061] During the construction of the top arch frame and side arch frame erection in the aforementioned three-step, micro-step, and full-section construction methods, multiple top arch frames are arranged at intervals by an arch frame lifting device and connected as a whole by an arc-shaped steel mesh. The side arch frames lifted by a hoisting device and the adjacent side arch frames hinged to the top arch frames also adopt the structural form of multiple side arch frames arranged at intervals and connected as a whole by an arc-shaped steel mesh. During the drilling, top arch frame and side arch frame erection, and explosive loading construction in the aforementioned three-step, micro-step, and full-section construction methods, after each layer is moved into place, the outriggers 29 need to be extended to achieve leg support.

[0062] Compared to existing technologies where three-arm drilling rigs and three-arm three-frame arch frame installation machines are unsuitable for three-stage tunnel construction and require manual drilling and frame erection, resulting in low construction efficiency, this utility model's construction trolley can be used for drilling, erecting top and side arch frames, and loading / erecting operations in three-stage tunnel construction, significantly reducing manual drilling and frame erection work and increasing construction efficiency. Furthermore, this construction trolley is also suitable for drilling, erecting top and side arch frames, and loading / erecting operations in micro-step and full-section tunnels, and can switch between different operating modes depending on whether the tunnel is three-stage, micro-step, or full-section, making it widely applicable. It can simultaneously complete the erection of multiple top arch frames. Compared to existing three-arm three-frame arch frame installation machines where each arm can only grab one arch frame at a time, this utility model significantly improves installation efficiency.

[0063] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A tunneling jumbo, characterized in that, The trolley body comprises a lower layer platform frame (1), an upper layer platform frame (2), a trolley bracket (3) and a vertical trolley (4) connected in sequence from bottom to top, and the four form a four-layer structure; any one of the upper layer platform frame (2) and the trolley bracket (3) can move longitudinally relative to the next layer, and any one can move to the front end of the next layer; the lower layer platform frame (1) is provided with a first rock drill (5) at the bottom and a second rock drill (6) at the top; the upper layer platform frame (2) and the trolley bracket (3) are both provided with a third rock drill (7); the vertical trolley (4) can move longitudinally between the front and rear ends of the trolley bracket (3); the vertical trolley (4) can carry and jacking the top arch to the top of the tunnel; the rear end of the lower layer platform frame (1) is provided with an arch lifting device, which is used for lifting the top arch from the bottom of the tunnel and transferring it to the vertical trolley (4).

2. The tunneling trolley of claim 1, wherein, The vertical trolley (4) comprises two jacking cross beams (8) and two jacking longitudinal beams (9) arranged between the two jacking cross beams (8), each jacking longitudinal beam (9) is provided with a plurality of top arch carrying trolleys (10), and the two jacking cross beams (8) are driven to rise and fall based on the first jacking oil cylinder (11) at each end.

3. The tunneling trolley of claim 1, wherein, The arch lifting device comprises an arch lifting unit arranged on each side of the rear end of the lower layer platform frame (1); any arch lifting unit comprises a lifting longitudinal beam (13), a translation longitudinal beam (14), a lifting longitudinal beam (15), a hoisting device (16), at least two second jacking oil cylinders (17) and at least two vertical guide rails (18); the lower end of any guide rail (18) is located at the bottom of the lower layer platform frame (1), and the upper end extends out of the top of the lower layer platform frame (1); any guide rail (18) is provided with a lifting trolley (19); one end of the lifting longitudinal beam (13) is fixed on the lifting trolley (19), and the other end extends out of the lower layer platform frame (1); the lifting longitudinal beam (13) is provided with a translation trolley (20), and the translation longitudinal beam (14) is fixed on the translation trolley (20); the lifting longitudinal beam (15) is located inside the upper end of the guide rail (18), and is driven to rise and fall based on the second jacking oil cylinder (17) located at the top of the lower layer platform frame (1); the hoisting device (16) is used to drive the lifting longitudinal beam (13) to rise and fall.

4. The tunneling trolley of claim 1, wherein, The front end of the lower layer platform frame (1), the front end of the upper layer platform frame (2) and the two sides of the vertical trolley (4) are all provided with a hoisting device and a first arch side jacking mechanism; any first arch side jacking mechanism comprises two first telescopic cross bars (21) and a first longitudinal bar (22), the two first telescopic cross bars (21) are arranged in the same height and parallel to each other, the telescopic ends of the first telescopic cross bars (21) all face outward, and the telescopic ends are all hinged with the first longitudinal bar (22).

5. The tunneling trolley of claim 4, wherein, Second arch side top mechanisms are arranged on both sides of the rear end of the lower stage (1); any second arch side top mechanism comprises two second telescopic cross bars (23) and a second longitudinal bar (24), the two second telescopic cross bars (23) are arranged to be in the same height and parallel to each other, the telescopic ends of the second telescopic cross bars (23) are all outward, and the telescopic ends are all hinged with the second longitudinal bar (24).

6. The tunneling trolley of claim 1, wherein, First and second longitudinal sliding rails (25 and 26) are arranged on the bottom and top of the lower stage (1) respectively, and a third longitudinal sliding rail (27) is arranged on the upper stage (2) and the trolley bracket (3); a base (28) is fixedly connected to each of the first, second and third rock drills (5, 6 and 7), and the base (28) of each of the first, second and third rock drills (5, 6 and 7) is slidingly installed on the first, second and third longitudinal sliding rails (25, 26 and 27) respectively.

7. The tunneling trolley of claim 1, wherein, The front end of the upper stage (2), the trolley bracket (3) and the stand trolley (4) is provided with at least two supporting legs (29), and the supporting legs (29) can be vertically telescopic.

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