Anti-floating anchor rod based on sliding block spear principle

Abstract

The utility model discloses an anti-floating anchor rod based on a sliding block spear principle, and belongs to the field of foundation anti-floating. Comprising reinforcing steel bars, movable screws, a foundation bed, fixed limiters, movable limiters, sliding blocks and anchor rod sleeves. At the top of the anchor rod, the reinforcing steel bars are fixed to the fastening circular truncated cone through fixed limiting and movable limiting through the threaded connection structure, the fastening circular truncated cone and the foundation cushion layer are integrated, and the stability of the reinforcing steel bars in the anchoring state is guaranteed. The foundation bed provides a supporting face, so that the anchor rod can be kept stable when subjected to pulling force, and the binding force between the anchor rod and surrounding soil or rock is enhanced. The assembly in which the sliding block can slide along the anchor rod sleeve adopts the principle similar to that of a sliding block fishing spear. The anchor rod sleeve is arranged on the outer side of the steel bar in a sleeving mode, supporting is provided for operation of the sliding block, and meanwhile the anti-pulling performance is further improved through combination with the grouting material. The grouting pipe is arranged on the inner side of the anchor rod and used for injecting cement paste or other filling materials so as to form a stable anchoring system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of basic anti-buoyancy, specifically an anti-buoyancy anchor bolt based on the principle of sliding block spear retrieval. Background Technology

[0002] Anti-buoyancy anchors are a type of foundation anti-buoyancy structure widely used in building engineering. They are mainly used to resist the buoyancy of groundwater or other upward pull-out forces, ensuring the stability of underground buildings or foundation structures. Currently, existing anti-buoyancy anchor technologies have certain application effects in fixing and increasing pull-out resistance, but some problems still need to be solved.

[0003] Traditional anti-buoyancy anchor bolt design:

[0004] 1. Basic Structure: Traditional anti-buoyancy anchors typically consist of a steel reinforcement anchor body, anchoring grout, and a locking device at the anchoring end. The anchor is embedded in the underground soil or rock layer, forming an anchoring force with the surrounding soil or rock mass, thereby resisting the buoyancy of groundwater or other upward pulling forces.

[0005] 2. Construction methods: Common construction methods include drilling and grouting, and expansion anchoring. During construction, cement grout or expansion material is injected to fill the anchoring pores, thereby forming an anchoring system.

[0006] 3. Application scenarios: It is mostly used in underground engineering projects that need to resist the buoyancy of groundwater, such as underground parking garages, underground utility tunnels, and subway platforms.

[0007] Common designs have the following problems:

[0008] 1. Insufficient pull-out resistance: Since the anchoring force of the anchor bolt mainly depends on the bond between the anchoring end and the soil or rock mass, traditional designs are easily limited by the strength of the soil or rock mass, resulting in insufficient pull-out resistance, which is particularly evident in soft soil layers or loose rock layers.

[0009] 2. Unstable construction quality: During the construction of anchor bolts, problems such as uneven filling of grouting material and anchor bolt positioning deviation will directly affect the anchoring force and cause uncertainty in structural performance.

[0010] This utility model is applied in the field of building engineering, and in particular relates to an anti-buoyancy anchor structure for the anti-buoyancy design of underground buildings. It is mainly used to improve the pull-out resistance of underground projects (such as basements, water tanks, underground garages, etc.) under high groundwater levels or weak geological conditions, and to ensure the structural stability and safety of the buildings. Utility Model Content

[0011] This application provides an improved anti-buoyancy anchor structure based on the principle of slider-type anchor bolt retrieval. The anchor bolt's pull-out resistance is improved by using a slider limiting device, and the anchor bolt is fixed to the foundation pad with a top movable screw to enhance the overall structural stability and long-term reliability of the anchor bolt.

[0012] An anti-buoyancy anchor rod based on the principle of slider and spear retrieval is characterized by comprising a steel bar (1), a movable screw (2), a foundation pad (3), a fixed limiter (4), a movable limiter (5), a slider (6), and an anchor rod sleeve (7).

[0013] The upper part of the upright anchor sleeve (7) is provided with a foundation pad (3), which is a metal plate. The surface of the metal plate is perpendicular to the anchor sleeve (7). A fastening truncated cone (11) is provided on the upper surface of the foundation pad (3). A through hole is provided in the center of the fastening truncated cone (11), and the through hole penetrates the foundation pad (3) downwards. The edge of the through hole on the upper surface of the fastening truncated cone (11) is provided with a tube head (12) that protrudes upwards from the fastening truncated cone (11). The tube head (12) is fixed around the perimeter with multiple arc-shaped plates, i.e., fixed limiters (4). The curved back of the arc plate is welded to the pipe head (12). Fixed limiters (4) are evenly arranged around the pipe head (12), and the fixed limiters (4) are fixed to the fastening frustum (11) below. Each fixed limiter (4) has a through hole groove (10) on the front of the fastening frustum (11) corresponding to its centripetal face. The through hole groove (10) penetrates the foundation pad (3) downward. Each through hole groove (10) is equipped with a movable limiter (5) of the arc plate structure. The centripetal face of the movable limiter (5) is aligned with the back of the curved plate. The centripetal surfaces of the fixed limit (4) are opposite each other; the movable limit (5) can move in the through-hole groove (10) towards or away from the fixed limit (4); the side of the through-hole groove (10) is provided with a threaded hole, the length direction of the threaded hole is from the outside of the fastening frustum (11) to the inside of the through-hole groove (10), the threaded hole is equipped with an independent movable screw (2), the movable screw (2) can reach the back of the movable limit (5) through thread engagement; each through-hole groove (10) is provided with a vertically downward reinforcing bar (1), the reinforcing bar ( 1) Located between the fixed limit (4) and the movable limit (5), when the reinforcing bar (1) needs to be fixed, the movable limit (5) is pushed towards the fixed limit (4) by the movable screw (2), so that the fixed limit (4) and the movable limit (5) are tightly fitted with the reinforcing bar (1). At the same time, the movable screw (2) and the threaded hole are threaded together to fix the movable limit (5); the reinforcing bar (1) is located downward inside the anchor sleeve (7) and extends all the way to the lower end of the anchor sleeve (7); multiple reinforcing bars (1) form a reinforcing bar bundle;

[0014] The pipe head (12) is equipped with a grouting pipe (8), which is located downward at the center of the anchor sleeve (7) and extends all the way to the lower end of the anchor sleeve (7); the grouting pipe (8) is also located at the center of the reinforcing bar bundle;

[0015] The side of the anchor sleeve (7) is provided with multiple sliding grooves. The sliding grooves are inclined sliding grooves from the inside to the outside (the inside and outside are relative to the outer side of the anchor sleeve, the inside is closer to the center, and the outside is the outer side of the anchor sleeve) from top to bottom. The slider (6) is located in the sliding groove and cooperates with the sliding groove. It can slide freely along the sliding groove. Through the design dimensions, when the slider (6) is at the bottom of the sliding groove, that is, the outer side of the anchor sleeve, the slider (6) protrudes from the outer side of the anchor sleeve, but does not leave the sliding groove.

[0016] The lower end of the anchor sleeve (7) is a pointed guide drill bit structure (9).

[0017] The anchor sleeve (7), the foundation pad (3), and the fastening truncated cone (11) are integrated metal structures, and it is preferable that the anchor sleeve (7) and the foundation pad (3) are welded together.

[0018] The anti-buoyancy anchor rod based on the slider-type spear principle of this application is equipped with 3-6 steel bars as needed.

[0019] The principle of the slider-and-spear mechanism in this application improves pull-out resistance: When the anchor rod is subjected to upward force, the slider (6) forms a reverse engagement with the anchor rod sleeve (7) and the surrounding soil or rock mass through the "locking" action of the spear-like mechanism. The slider (6) resists the pull-out force of the anchor rod through the reaction force, significantly enhancing the anchoring effect. This method is particularly suitable for geological conditions such as soft soil layers or loose rock layers, and can greatly improve the pull-out resistance of the anchor rod.

[0020] During the insertion of the anchor bolt into the soil layer, the slider moves freely upwards along the guide rail and smoothly enters the inner part of the anchor bolt sleeve. At this time, the friction between the slider and the soil is small, and it will not cause resistance to the insertion.

[0021] When the anchor bolt is pulled out, under the pull-out force, the slider moves downwards along the guide rail and comes into contact with the surrounding soil or rock. Under the pull-out force, the slider is forced to lock into the soil within the guide rail. Due to friction, the slider generates a reverse biting force, forming a reverse locking effect, thereby increasing the anchor bolt's pull-out resistance.

[0022] Advantages compared to existing technologies

[0023] 1. Significantly improve pull-out resistance: By adopting the principle of slider-and-spear retrieval, the slider generates a reverse biting force when subjected to pull-out force, which significantly enhances the pull-out resistance of the anchor bolt.

[0024] 2. More stable reinforcement: The reinforcement is firmly locked to the foundation pad by the top movable screw, avoiding the problem of reinforcement slippage or loosening in traditional designs.

[0025] 3. High adaptability: The combination of the slider limiting device and the anchor sleeve enables the invention to maintain high-efficiency anchoring force under complex geological conditions.

[0026] 4. Ease of construction: The design of the movable screw allows for flexible adjustment of the rebar position, simplifying the construction process and improving project efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure;

[0028] Figure 2 Top view of the overall structure

[0029] Figure 3 This is a sectional view showing the positional relationship between the fixed limit switch, the movable limit switch, and the reinforcing bars, illustrating the through-hole groove.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the upper end structure of the anti-buoyancy anchor. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present application will be further described below with reference to the embodiments, but the present application is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] An anti-buoyancy anchor bolt based on the principle of slider and spear retrieval includes a steel bar 1, a movable screw 2, a foundation pad 3, a fixed limiter 4, a movable limiter 5, a slider 6, and an anchor bolt sleeve 7.

[0034] The upper part of the upright anchor sleeve 7 is provided with a foundation pad 3, which is a metal plate. The surface of the metal plate is perpendicular to the anchor sleeve 7. A fastening frustum 11 is provided on the upper surface of the foundation pad 3. A through hole is provided in the center of the fastening frustum 11, which penetrates the foundation pad 3 downwards. The edge of the through hole on the upper surface of the fastening frustum 11 is provided with a tube head 12 that protrudes upwards from the fastening frustum 11. Multiple arc-shaped plates, i.e., fixing limiters 4, are fixed around the tube head 12. The curved back of the arc-shaped plates is welded to the tube head 12. The fixing limiters 4 are evenly arranged around the tube head 12, and the bottom of the fixing limiters 4 is fixed to the fastening frustum 11. Each fixing limiter 4 has a through hole groove 10 on the fastening frustum 11 corresponding to its centripetal face. The through hole groove 10 penetrates the foundation pad 3 downwards. Each through hole groove 10 is equipped with a movable limiter 5 with an arc-shaped plate structure. The centripetal face of the movable limiter 5 is... The surface of the movable limit 5 is opposite to the centripetal surface of the fixed limit 4; the movable limit 5 can move in the through-hole groove 10 in the direction of approaching or away from the fixed limit 4; the side of the through-hole groove 10 is provided with a threaded hole, the length direction of the threaded hole is from the outside of the fastening frustum 11 to the inside of the through-hole groove 10, and the threaded hole is equipped with an independent movable screw 2, which can reach the back of the movable limit 5 through thread engagement; each through-hole groove 10 is provided with a vertically downward reinforcing bar 1, the reinforcing bar 1 is located between the fixed limit 4 and the movable limit 5, when the reinforcing bar 1 needs to be fixed, the movable limit 5 is pushed towards the fixed limit 4 by the movable screw 2, so that the fixed limit 4 and the movable limit 5 are tightly fitted with the reinforcing bar 1, and the movable screw 2 can fix the movable limit 5 by thread engagement with the threaded hole; the reinforcing bar 1 is located downward in the anchor sleeve 7 and extends all the way to the lower end of the anchor sleeve 7; multiple reinforcing bars 1 form a reinforcing bar bundle;

[0035] The pipe head 12 is equipped with a grouting pipe 8, which is located downward at the center of the anchor sleeve 7 and extends all the way to the lower end of the anchor sleeve 7; the grouting pipe 8 is also located at the center of the reinforcing bar bundle.

[0036] The side of the anchor sleeve 7 is provided with multiple sliding grooves. The sliding grooves are inclined sliding grooves from the inside out (the inside and outside are relative to the outer side of the anchor sleeve, the inside is closer to the center, and the outside is the outer side of the anchor sleeve) from top to bottom. The slider 6 is located in the sliding groove and cooperates with the sliding groove. It can slide freely along the sliding groove. Through the design dimensions, when the slider 6 is at the bottom of the sliding groove, that is, the outer side of the anchor sleeve, the slider 6 protrudes from the outer side of the anchor sleeve, but does not leave the sliding groove.

[0037] The lower end of the anchor sleeve 7 is a pointed guide drill bit structure.

[0038] The anchor sleeve 7 and the foundation pad 3 are an integrated structure, preferably welded together.

[0039] The anti-buoyancy anchor rod based on the slider-type spear principle of this application is equipped with 3-6 steel bars as needed.

[0040] Reinforcing bar 1: As the core load-bearing component of the anchor rod, it runs through the entire structure and is connected to the top movable screw and the foundation pad layer to bear and transmit pull-out force.

[0041] Movable screw 2 and foundation pad 3: Located at the top of the anchor rod, the steel bar is fixed to the fastening truncated cone 11 by the fixed limit 4 and the movable limit 5 through the threaded connection structure. The fastening truncated cone 11 and the foundation pad 3 are integrated to ensure the stability of the steel bar in the anchored state.

[0042] Foundation bedding layer 3: The foundation bedding layer provides a supporting surface, which helps the anchor remain stable under pull-out forces and enhances the bond between the anchor and the surrounding soil or rock. Through this support, the pull-out resistance of the anchor is significantly improved.

[0043] Slider 6: Designed as a component that can slide along the anchor sleeve 7, employing a principle similar to "slider spear retrieval". When the anchor is subjected to a pull-out force, the slider can generate a reaction force in the opposite direction, thereby enhancing the anchoring force.

[0044] Anchor sleeve 7: It is fitted on the outside of the reinforcing bar 1 to provide support for the operation of the slider 6, and at the same time, by combining with the grouting material, it further improves the pull-out resistance.

[0045] Grouting pipe 8: Located inside the anchor bolt, it is used to inject cement grout or other filling materials to form a stable anchoring system.

[0046] Guide cone 9: Located at the bottom of the anchor bolt, it facilitates the anchor bolt's drilling into the strata and ensures the accurate positioning of the anchor bolt under complex geological conditions.

[0047] Slide: The slide provides a fixed movement path for the slider, ensuring that the slider slides in a predetermined direction when subjected to force, avoiding deviation or jamming.

[0048] This application utilizes a slider-and-spear mechanism to enhance pull-out resistance: When the anchor rod is subjected to upward force, the slider 6, through a spear-like "locking" action, forms a reverse engagement with the anchor rod sleeve 7 and the surrounding soil or rock. The slider 6 resists the pull-out force of the anchor rod through its reaction force, significantly enhancing the anchoring effect. This method is particularly suitable for geological conditions such as soft soil layers or loose rock layers, and can greatly improve the pull-out resistance of the anchor rod.

[0049] During the insertion of the anchor bolt into the soil layer, the slider moves freely upwards along the guide rail and smoothly enters the inner part of the anchor bolt sleeve. At this time, the friction between the slider and the soil is small, and it will not cause resistance to the insertion.

[0050] When the anchor bolt is pulled out, under the pull-out force, the slider moves downwards along the guide rail and comes into contact with the surrounding soil or rock. Under the pull-out force, the slider is forced to lock into the soil within the guide rail. Due to friction, the slider generates a reverse biting force, forming a reverse locking effect, thereby increasing the anchor bolt's pull-out resistance.

[0051] The reinforcing bar 1 is fixed to the fastening frustum 11 via a threaded connection structure using the top movable screw 2 and the foundation pad 3, through the fixed limit 4 and movable limit 5. This ensures that the reinforcing bar 1 will not shift or loosen when the anchor rod is subjected to pull-out force, and also facilitates the adjustment of the reinforcing bar 1's position during construction, improving construction efficiency. The movable screw is tightened by rotation, pushing the movable limit slid inward until it clamps the reinforcing bar together with the fixed limit 5, firmly fixing the reinforcing bar inside the anchor rod. In this way, the reinforcing bar will not move or loosen when subjected to pull-out force, thus ensuring the stability and safety of the anchor rod structure.

[0052] Grouting and anchoring: After the anchor is installed, cement grout or expansive filling material is filled around the anchor through the grouting pipe 8 to form a tight bond between the anchor and the surrounding soil, further enhancing the pull-out resistance of the anchor.

Claims

1. An anti-floating anchor rod based on the principle of a sliding block grab, characterized in that, It comprises a reinforcing bar (1), a movable screw (2), a base cushion (3), a fixed limiting part (4), a movable limiting part (5), a sliding block (6), and an anchor rod sleeve (7). The upper part of the upright anchor rod sleeve (7) is provided with the base cushion (3), which is a metal plate with its plate surface vertical to the anchor rod sleeve (7). The upper surface of the base cushion (3) is provided with a fastening round table (11) with a through hole in the center, which penetrates the base cushion (3) downward. The through hole edge of the upper surface of the fastening round table (11) is provided with a pipe head (12) protruding upward from the fastening round table (11). The pipe head (12) is fixed with a plurality of arc-shaped plates, i.e. the fixed limiting part (4), around it. The curved back surface of the arc-shaped plate is welded with the pipe head (12). The fixed limiting part (4) is uniformly arranged around the pipe head (12) and is fixed with the fastening round table (11) below. Each fixed limiting part (4) is provided with a through hole slot (10) in front of the corresponding fastening round table (11). The through hole slot (10) penetrates the base cushion (3) downward. Each through hole slot (10) is provided with the movable limiting part (5) with an arc-shaped plate structure. The arc-shaped plate of the movable limiting part (5) is opposite to the central surface of the fixed limiting part (4). The movable limiting part (5) can move in the through hole slot (10) in the direction of approaching or deviating from the fixed limiting part (4). The side surface of the through hole slot (10) is provided with a threaded hole with its length direction from the outside of the fastening round table (11) to the inside of the through hole slot (10). The threaded hole is provided with an independent movable screw (2). The movable screw (2) can directly reach the back surface of the movable limiting part (5) through thread cooperation. Each through hole slot (10) is provided with a vertical downward reinforcing bar (1) between the fixed limiting part (4) and the movable limiting part (5). When the reinforcing bar (1) needs to be fixed, the movable limiting part (5) is pushed to the fixed limiting part (4) by the movable screw (2) to make the fixed limiting part (4) and the movable limiting part (5) closely contact with the reinforcing bar (1). At the same time, the movable screw (2) and the threaded hole are threadedly connected to fix the movable limiting part (5). The reinforcing bar (1) is located in the anchor rod sleeve (7) downward and extends into the lower end of the anchor rod sleeve (7). A plurality of reinforcing bars (1) form a reinforcing bar bundle. The pipe head (12) is provided with a grouting pipe (8) located in the center of the anchor rod sleeve (7) downward and extending into the lower end of the anchor rod sleeve (7). The grouting pipe (8) is also located in the center of the reinforcing bar bundle. The side surface of the anchor rod sleeve (7) is provided with a plurality of sliding grooves, which are inclined sliding grooves from inside to outside and from top to bottom. The inside and outside are opposite to the outer surface of the anchor rod sleeve. The inside is close to the center, and the outside is the outer surface of the anchor rod sleeve. The sliding block (6) is located in the sliding groove and cooperates with the sliding groove to freely slide along the sliding groove. Through the design size, when the sliding block (6) is at the bottom of the sliding groove, i.e. the outer surface of the anchor rod sleeve, the sliding block (6) protrudes from the outer surface of the anchor rod sleeve, but does not deviate from the sliding groove. The lower end of the anchor rod sleeve (7) is a pointed guide drill bit structure (9).

2. An anti-floating anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anchor rod sleeve (7), the base cushion (3), and the fastening round table (11) are integrated metal structures.

3. Anti-floating anchor rod based on the principle of the sliding block grab, according to claim 2, characterized in that, The anchor rod sleeve (7) and the foundation cushion layer (3) are welded together.

4. An anti-floating anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anti-floating anchor rod is provided with 3-6 steel bars as required.

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