Cone crusher and bottom spring adjusting type iron passing protection mechanism thereof

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of mining mechanical equipment, in particular to a cone crusher and a bottom spring adjusting type iron passing protection mechanism thereof. A bottom spring adjusting type iron passing protection mechanism comprises a sleeve fixedly connected to a bottom rack, a spring assembly arranged in the sleeve and a movable base arranged above the spring assembly. The upper end of the spring assembly elastically supports the movable base, and a sliding table used for supporting the thrust bearing set is constructed on the upper end face of the movable base. According to the scheme, the spring assembly is used for replacing a bottom single-cylinder hydraulic adjusting type over-iron protection scheme, and the advantages of being simple in structure, low in cost and convenient to maintain are achieved; and the problem of abrasion of a sealing element due to the adoption of a hydraulic cylinder technology is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mining machinery and equipment, and in particular to a cone crusher and its bottom spring-adjustable overload protection mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] Cone crushers are widely used in industries such as building stone and non-ferrous metal mining. Because these processed materials often contain hard material blocks, when these blocks enter the crushing chamber, they can cause damage to the wear-resistant liners and crusher components. Existing solutions to this problem mainly include upper frame hydraulic overload protection, upper frame spring overload protection, and bottom single-cylinder hydraulic adjustable overload protection (e.g., patent: CN113042138B). This type of cone crusher primarily uses the passive lifting action of several hydraulic cylinders to discharge iron blocks in terms of overload protection adjustment. Additionally, there is an upper frame spring-type overload protection (authorization announcement number: CN 211449286 U), which uses distributed springs on the upper frame to achieve overload protection. Both of these overload protection methods involve installing the overload protection mechanism on the upper frame. When hard materials enter the crushing chamber or material accumulates there, the fixed cone of the crusher is forced to rise, compressing the spring or multi-cylinder, thereby increasing the distance between the moving cone and the fixed cone. This enlarges the discharge opening, allowing the accumulated material or excess iron to be discharged, protecting the crusher from damage. After the process is complete, the fixed cone returns to its original position due to the spring force or hydraulic pressure. However, this cone crusher structure suffers from drawbacks such as slow response to excess iron, low efficiency, and a tendency to damage the upper frame and the moving cone assembly.

[0003] A bottom-mounted single-cylinder hydraulically adjustable overload protection structure is used in single-cylinder crushers, as illustrated in Chinese utility model patent CN216322153U, which describes a cone crusher. However, this type of bottom-mounted single-cylinder hydraulically adjustable overload protection structure suffers from high operating and maintenance costs, and requires sophisticated maintenance processes. Furthermore, the hydraulic cylinder technology is prone to seal wear issues. Due to its high operating and maintenance costs, it is particularly unsuitable for use in underdeveloped countries or regions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, the primary objective of this invention is to provide a bottom spring-adjustable over-iron protection mechanism. This solution replaces the bottom single-cylinder hydraulically adjustable over-iron protection scheme with a spring assembly, offering advantages such as simple structure, low cost, and convenient maintenance. Furthermore, it avoids the seal wear problem inherent in hydraulic cylinder technology.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] The bottom spring-adjustable overload protection mechanism is characterized by comprising: a sleeve for fixing to the bottom frame, a spring assembly disposed inside the sleeve, and a movable base disposed above the spring assembly; the upper end of the spring assembly elastically supports the movable base, and a sliding table for supporting the thrust bearing assembly is constructed on the upper surface of the movable base.

[0007] This utility model adopts the above-mentioned technical solution, which relates to a bottom spring-adjustable overload protection mechanism. This bottom spring-adjustable overload protection mechanism, installed on the bottom frame, replaces the upper frame hydraulic overload protection scheme, upper frame spring overload protection scheme, and bottom single-cylinder hydraulic adjustable overload protection scheme described in the background art. Specifically, the sleeve in this mechanism contains a spring assembly, which elastically supports the upper movable base. The sliding table of the movable base supports the main shaft mounted on the moving cone via a thrust bearing assembly.

[0008] Based on the above scheme, the sleeve can guide the lifting and lowering of the movable base, and the spring assembly can provide elastic support for the movable base. After the iron ore is fed into the cone crusher, the iron ore falls into the crushing opening, and the moving cone moves downward as a whole, squeezing the spring assembly to achieve iron passage; after the iron passage is completed, the spring assembly drives the movable base and the moving cone it supports to reset.

[0009] This solution replaces the bottom single-cylinder hydraulically adjustable over-iron protection scheme with a spring assembly, which has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and convenient maintenance; and avoids the seal wear problem caused by the use of hydraulic cylinder technology.

[0010] In one embodiment, there is one and only one set of spring assemblies, which are located at the center of the sleeve and support the center of the lower end face of the movable base. In this embodiment, a large set of spring assemblies is provided at the center of the sleeve to achieve elastic overload protection.

[0011] In another implementation, multiple sets of spring assemblies are connected in parallel, that is, multiple sets of spring assemblies are arranged in a ring around the center of the sleeve, and the upper ends of the multiple sets of spring assemblies elastically support the movable base. The multiple sets of spring assemblies provide stable elastic support for the movable base and have higher safety redundancy. For example, if one set of spring assemblies has a structural strength defect, the other spring assemblies can ensure that the moving cone assembly does not fall off.

[0012] In a specific implementation, the movable base is slidably mounted on the sleeve or on the longitudinal extension of the bottom frame to which the sleeve is connected.

[0013] In a specific implementation, the spring assembly includes a spring guide rod and a compression spring sleeved on the spring guide rod; the lower end of the spring guide rod is directly or indirectly fixed to the sleeve, and the upper end of the spring guide rod passes through the upper guide rod hole of the movable base. In this embodiment, the deformation direction of the compression spring is guided and regulated by the spring guide rod.

[0014] In a further embodiment, a fixed base is provided inside the sleeve, and the lower end of the spring guide rod passes through the lower guide rod hole of the fixed base. Specifically, a space is left between the fixed base and the bottom of the sleeve, and the lower end of the spring guide rod extends into this space through the lower guide rod hole. This allows for a longer extension of the lower end of the spring guide rod into the lower guide rod hole, ensuring stable positioning.

[0015] Preferably, the sliding platform protrudes upwards from the center of the upper surface of the movable base. Multiple upper guide rod holes are arranged on the movable base circumferentially outwards from the sliding platform, and the upper end of the spring guide rod passes through these holes. In this design, the upper guide rod holes are positioned away from the sliding platform, allowing the movable base to move up and down by passing through them.

[0016] The second objective of this utility model is to provide a cone crusher, comprising a bottom frame, an upper frame, an eccentric mechanism disposed on the bottom frame, a main shaft disposed on the eccentric mechanism, a movable cone fixed on the main shaft above the eccentric mechanism, and a fixed cone disposed within the upper frame; a crushing opening is formed between the fixed cone and the movable cone; characterized in that: the lower end of the bottom frame is connected to an overload protection mechanism, the overload protection mechanism being a bottom spring adjustable overload protection mechanism as described in any of the preceding claims, the upper end opening of the sleeve being fixedly connected to the bottom frame, and the lower end of the main shaft being supported on a sliding table by a thrust bearing assembly.

[0017] The above-mentioned technical solution of this utility model relates to a cone crusher. The lower end of the main shaft of the cone crusher is located within an eccentric mechanism. The moving cone is fixed to the main shaft above the eccentric mechanism. When the eccentric sleeve rotates, it drives the main shaft and the moving cone to oscillate circumferentially. A crushing opening is formed between the fixed cone and the moving cone, and the lower end of the main shaft is supported on a sliding table by a thrust bearing assembly. Therefore, after iron ore is fed into the cone crusher, the iron ore falls into the crushing opening, and the moving cone descends as a whole, squeezing the spring assembly of the iron-crossing protection mechanism to achieve iron crossing. After iron crossing is completed, the spring assembly drives the movable base and the moving cone it supports to reset.

[0018] The cone crusher with the above-mentioned bottom spring adjustable overload protection mechanism has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and convenient maintenance; and avoids the problem of seal wear caused by the use of hydraulic cylinder technology.

[0019] In a further embodiment, the bottom frame includes a downwardly extending longitudinal cylindrical portion and an annular plate above the longitudinal extension, the annular plate having a central hole formed therein; the upper opening of the sleeve is fixedly connected to the longitudinal extension cylindrical portion, and the top of the sliding table passes through the central hole and is located within the bottom frame. In this embodiment, the longitudinal extension cylindrical portion and the upper opening of the sleeve form the movable area of ​​the movable base, and the top of the sliding table passing through the central hole and being located within the bottom frame can be used to support the thrust bearing assembly within the bottom frame.

[0020] Preferably, the annular plate has a frame guide hole corresponding to the upper guide rod hole; the upper end of the spring guide rod passes through the upper guide rod hole and the frame guide hole. In this way, the spring guide rod is positioned above the bottom frame, thereby ensuring the positioning stability of the spring guide rod.

[0021] Based on this, a discharge port spring adjustment mechanism or a discharge port hydraulic adjustment mechanism can also be installed between the upper frame and the bottom frame. This cone crusher, while employing the aforementioned bottom spring-adjustable overload protection mechanism, can also be used in combination with the discharge port spring adjustment mechanism or discharge port hydraulic adjustment mechanism installed on the upper frame to achieve material adjustment and overload protection functions.

[0022] In summary, the cone crusher employing the aforementioned bottom spring-adjustable overload protection mechanism has the following advantages:

[0023] (1) The over-iron protection in this scheme is achieved by the bottom spring. When there is hard material in the crushing chamber, the main shaft of the moving cone is subjected to force, and the main shaft transmits the force to the spring. The spring deforms due to compression to achieve "over-iron" protection.

[0024] (2) The over-iron protection in this scheme uses spring extension to realize the lifting and lowering of the moving cone when it "crosses iron", which avoids the problem of seal wear caused by the use of hydraulic cylinder technology.

[0025] (3) The cone crusher using the technology of this invention combines the bottom spring overload protection with the discharge port spring adjustment mechanism or discharge port hydraulic adjustment mechanism set on the upper frame to achieve material adjustment and overload protection functions.

[0026] (4) The bottom spring-type overload protection can flexibly realize various combination forms of cone crusher structure, increasing the diversity and practicality of the product. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom spring adjustable overload protection mechanism described in Example 1.

[0028] Figure 2 for Figure 1 AA sectional view.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a radial sectional view of the movable base.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a radial sectional view of the fixed base.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cone crusher described in Example 2. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0033] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0034] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise expressly defined.

[0035] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0036] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0037] Example 1:

[0038] like Figures 1-4 As shown, this embodiment relates to a bottom spring-adjustable overload protection mechanism, including a sleeve 21 for fixing to the bottom frame 1, a spring assembly disposed inside the sleeve 21, and a movable base 22 disposed above the spring assembly; the upper end of the spring assembly elastically supports the movable base 22, and the upper end surface of the movable base 22 is provided with a sliding platform 221 for supporting the thrust bearing assembly. In a specific implementation, the movable base 22 is slidably disposed inside the sleeve 21 or on the longitudinal extension of the bottom frame to which the sleeve 21 is connected.

[0039] This technical solution relates to a bottom spring-adjustable overload protection mechanism. This mechanism, installed on the bottom frame 1, replaces the upper frame hydraulic overload protection scheme, upper frame spring overload protection scheme, and bottom single-cylinder hydraulic adjustable overload protection scheme described in the background art. Specifically, the sleeve 21 in this mechanism contains a spring assembly that elastically supports the upper movable base 22. The sliding table 221 of the movable base 22 supports the main shaft 4 mounted on the moving cone via a thrust bearing assembly 3. Based on this solution, the sleeve 21 can guide the lifting and lowering of the movable base 22, and the spring assembly can elastically support the movable base 22. After iron ore is fed into the cone crusher, the ore falls into the crushing opening, and the moving cone descends as a whole, squeezing the spring assembly to achieve overload protection. After overload protection is completed, the spring assembly drives the movable base 22 and the supported moving cone to reset.

[0040] This solution replaces the bottom single-cylinder hydraulically adjustable over-iron protection scheme with a spring assembly, which has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and convenient maintenance; and avoids the seal wear problem caused by the use of hydraulic cylinder technology.

[0041] In one embodiment, there is one and only one set of spring assemblies, which are located at the center of the sleeve 21 and support the center of the lower end face of the movable base 22. In this embodiment, a large set of spring assemblies is provided at the center of the sleeve 21 to achieve elastic overload protection. Figure 1 In another embodiment shown, the spring assembly comprises multiple sets connected in parallel, i.e., multiple sets of spring assemblies are arranged in a ring around the center of the sleeve 21, and the upper ends of the multiple sets of spring assemblies elastically support the movable base 22. The multiple sets of spring assemblies provide stable elastic support for the movable base 22 and have higher safety redundancy. For example, if one set of spring assemblies has a structural strength defect, the other spring assemblies can ensure that the moving cone assembly does not fall off.

[0042] Figure 1 As shown, the spring assembly includes a spring guide rod 231 and a compression spring 232 sleeved on the spring guide rod 231. The lower end of the spring guide rod 231 is directly or indirectly fixed to the sleeve 21, and the upper end of the spring guide rod 231 passes through the upper guide rod hole of the movable base 22. In this embodiment, the spring guide rod 231 guides and regulates the deformation direction of the compression spring 232. In a further embodiment, a fixed base 24 is provided inside the sleeve 21, and the lower end of the spring guide rod 231 passes through the lower guide rod hole 241 of the fixed base 24. Specifically, a space 25 is left between the fixed base 24 and the bottom of the sleeve 21, and the lower end of the spring guide rod 231 extends into the space 25 through the lower guide rod hole 241. This allows for a longer distance for the lower end of the spring guide rod 231 to extend into the lower guide rod hole 241, ensuring the stability of the insertion and positioning.

[0043] like Figure 1 and 3 As shown, the sliding platform 221 protrudes upwards from the center of the upper surface of the movable base 22. Multiple upper guide rod holes 222 are arranged on the movable base 22 circumferentially outwards from the sliding platform 221. The upper end of the spring guide rod 231 passes through the upper guide rod holes 222. In this design, the upper guide rod holes 222 are positioned away from the sliding platform 221, allowing the movable base 22 to move up and down. An upper spring seat 223 is provided on the movable base 22 below the upper guide rod holes 222, and a lower spring seat 242 is provided on the fixed base 24 above the lower guide rod holes 241. The upper and lower ends of the compression spring 232 are respectively positioned within the upper spring seat 223 and the lower spring seat 242, thus positioning the compression spring 232.

[0044] When installing the above-mentioned bottom spring adjustable iron crossing protection mechanism, first install the fixed base 24 at an appropriate position at the bottom of the sleeve 21, then install the spring guide rod 231 on the five lower guide rod holes 241 of the fixed base 24, then install the compression spring 232 on the lower spring seat 242 of the fixed base 24, and finally align the upper guide rod hole 222 on the movable base 22 with the spring guide rod 231 and install the upper spring seat 223 with the compression spring 232. After installation and tightening, the assembly of the bottom spring adjustable iron crossing protection mechanism is completed.

[0045] Example 2:

[0046] like Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment provides a cone crusher, including a bottom frame 1, an upper frame 5, an eccentric mechanism 6 mounted on the bottom frame 1, a main shaft 4 mounted on the eccentric mechanism 6, a movable cone 7 fixed on the main shaft 4 above the eccentric mechanism 6, and a fixed cone 8 mounted within the upper frame 5; a crushing opening 10 is formed between the fixed cone 8 and the movable cone 7. The lower end of the bottom frame 1 is connected to an overload protection mechanism, which is the bottom spring-adjustable overload protection mechanism described in Embodiment 1. The upper end of the sleeve 21 is fixedly connected to the bottom frame 1, and the lower end of the main shaft 4 is supported on the sliding table 221 by a thrust bearing assembly 3.

[0047] The above-mentioned technical solution of this utility model relates to a cone crusher. The lower end of the main shaft 4 in this cone crusher is disposed within an eccentric mechanism 6. A movable cone 7 is fixed on the main shaft 4 above the eccentric mechanism 6. When the eccentric sleeve rotates, it drives the main shaft 4 and the movable cone 7 to oscillate circumferentially. A crushing opening 10 is formed between the fixed cone 8 and the movable cone 7, and the lower end of the main shaft 4 is supported on a sliding table 221 by a thrust bearing assembly 3. Therefore, after iron ore is fed into the cone crusher, the iron ore falls into the crushing opening 10, and the movable cone descends as a whole, squeezing the spring assembly of the iron-crossing protection mechanism to achieve iron crossing. After iron crossing is completed, the spring assembly drives the movable base 22 and the movable cone 7 it supports to reset.

[0048] The cone crusher with the above-mentioned bottom spring adjustable overload protection mechanism has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and convenient maintenance; and avoids the problem of seal wear caused by the use of hydraulic cylinder technology.

[0049] As shown in the figure, the bottom frame 1 includes a downwardly extending longitudinal cylindrical portion 11 and an annular plate 12 above the longitudinal extension portion, with a central hole formed in the annular plate 12. The upper opening of the sleeve 21 is fixedly connected to the longitudinal extension cylindrical portion 11, and the top of the sliding table 221 passes through the central hole and is located within the bottom frame 1. In this configuration, the longitudinal extension cylindrical portion 11 and the upper opening of the sleeve 21 form the movable area of ​​the movable base 22, and the top of the sliding table 221, passing through the central hole 13 and located within the bottom frame 1, can be used to support the thrust bearing assembly 3 within the bottom frame 1. As shown in the figure, the annular plate 12 has a frame guide hole corresponding to the upper guide rod hole 222; the upper end of the spring guide rod 231 passes through the upper guide rod hole 222 and the frame guide hole. Thus, the spring guide rod 231 is positioned above the bottom frame 1, thereby ensuring the positioning stability of the spring guide rod 231.

[0050] In the above scheme, the upper part of the sleeve 21 in the bottom spring adjustable over-iron protection mechanism is fixedly connected to the bottom of the frame; the moving cone 7 transmits the force between the moving cone 7 and the fixed cone 8 due to the over-iron through the main shaft 4 and the thrust bearing assembly 3 to the movable base 22 in the bottom spring adjustable over-iron protection mechanism. The movable base 22 can move up and down along the sleeve 21 to push the compression spring 232 to achieve extension and retraction, thereby completing the over-iron protection.

[0051] In addition, a discharge port spring adjustment mechanism or a discharge port hydraulic adjustment mechanism can be provided between the upper frame 5 and the bottom frame 1. This cone crusher, while employing the aforementioned bottom spring-adjustable overload protection mechanism, can also be used in combination with the discharge port spring adjustment mechanism or discharge port hydraulic adjustment mechanism provided on the upper frame 5 to achieve material adjustment and overload protection functions.

[0052] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0053] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bottom spring-adjustable overload protection mechanism, characterized in that: It includes a sleeve (21) for fixing to the bottom frame (1), a spring assembly disposed inside the sleeve (21), and a movable base (22) disposed above the spring assembly; the upper end of the spring assembly elastically supports the movable base (22), and the upper end surface of the movable base (22) is provided with a sliding table (221) for supporting the thrust bearing assembly (3).

2. The bottom spring-adjustable overload protection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is only one set of spring assemblies, which is located at the center of the sleeve (21) and supports the center of the lower end face of the movable base (22); or multiple sets of spring assemblies are connected in parallel, that is, multiple sets of spring assemblies are arranged in a ring around the center of the sleeve (21), and the upper ends of the multiple sets of spring assemblies elastically support the movable base (22).

3. The bottom spring-adjustable overload protection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable base (22) is slidably disposed inside the sleeve (21) or on the longitudinal extension cylinder (11) of the bottom frame to which the sleeve (21) is connected.

4. The bottom spring-adjustable overload protection mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The spring assembly includes a spring guide rod (231) and a compression spring (232) sleeved on the spring guide rod (231); the lower end of the spring guide rod (231) is directly or indirectly fixed to the sleeve (21), and the upper end of the spring guide rod (231) passes through the upper guide rod hole (222) of the movable base (22).

5. The bottom spring-adjustable overload protection mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sleeve (21) is provided with a fixed base (24) inside, and the lower end of the spring guide rod (231) passes through the lower guide rod hole (241) of the fixed base (24).

6. The bottom spring-adjustable overload protection mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: A space (25) is left between the fixed base (24) and the bottom of the sleeve (21), and the lower end of the spring guide rod (231) extends into the space (25) through the lower guide rod hole (241).

7. The bottom spring-adjustable overload protection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding platform (221) protrudes upward at the center of the upper end face of the movable base (22). Multiple upper guide rod holes (222) are arranged on the movable base (22) circumferentially outside the sliding platform (221). The upper end of the spring guide rod (231) passes through the upper guide rod hole (222). An upper spring seat (223) is provided on the movable base (22) below the upper guide rod hole (222). The upper end of the compression spring (232) is positioned in the upper spring seat (223).

8. A cone crusher, characterized in that: Includes the bottom spring adjustable overload protection mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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