Continuous anaerobic pyrolysis device for EVA (Ethylene Vinyl Acetate) in photovoltaic waste assembly

Abstract

The utility model relates to a continuous anaerobic pyrolysis device for EVA (Ethylene Vinyl Acetate) in a crystalline silicon photovoltaic waste assembly, and effectively solves the problems that the existing pyrolysis equipment is poor in sealing performance, the oxygen content in a pyrolysis furnace cannot be controlled, the process is unstable, solid residues are inconvenient to discharge quickly, and the production efficiency is influenced. According to the EVA continuous anaerobic pyrolysis device used in the photovoltaic waste assembly, connection and disconnection between the feeding pipe, the discharging pipe and the pyrolysis furnace body and connection and disconnection between the discharging pipe and the pyrolysis furnace body and between the discharging pipe and the outside can be controlled through the electromagnetic valves, so that the sealing performance of all parts can be improved, the vacuumizing and inert gas protection functions can be achieved, and the situation that the pyrolysis effect is affected due to oxidation of EVA waste is avoided; and meanwhile, the spiral feeding mechanism and the spiral discharging mechanism are matched with all valves, so that produced solid residues can be rapidly discharged in time, continuous feeding can be achieved, continuous large-scale production is achieved, and therefore the treatment efficiency of the EVA waste is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic module recycling and processing devices, specifically relating to a continuous oxygen-free pyrolysis device for EVA in waste photovoltaic modules. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, my country has become the world's largest producer of crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules and the largest installer of photovoltaic power generation capacity. Photovoltaic panels typically have a lifespan of about 25 years, and a large number of photovoltaic modules will be "retired" starting in 2025. It is estimated that by 2030, the cumulative amount of discarded photovoltaic modules may reach 20 million tons, with a market size expected to exceed 100 billion yuan. Photovoltaic modules contain toxic substances such as lead and fluorine; direct landfilling or incineration will lead to soil and water pollution and resource waste. Achieving green recycling of waste modules can effectively separate harmful components, reduce ecological risks, and achieve resource recycling. After removing the frame, glass, and backsheet, waste photovoltaic modules leave behind EVA waste, which contains solar cells, solder ribbons, and other components. This waste contains high-value recyclable metals such as silver and copper. Furthermore, EVA can be pyrolyzed to obtain usable combustible gas and tar. The oxygen content in the pyrolysis furnace is crucial for EVA pyrolysis; too much oxygen will cause EVA to easily burn and carbonize. Therefore, the sealing requirements for the pyrolysis furnace are very high, necessitating the design of highly sealed valves between the pyrolysis furnace and the inlet and outlet chambers. In addition, in industrial production, achieving continuous feeding and pyrolysis of EVA waste is an important measure to improve production efficiency and reduce operating costs.

[0003] Current pyrolysis equipment has the following problems: First, the pyrolysis furnace is not well sealed and is prone to air leakage, making it impossible to control the oxygen content in the pyrolysis furnace, resulting in unstable process; Second, a large amount of solid residue is produced during the pyrolysis of EVA waste, which needs to be quickly discharged from the pyrolysis furnace to achieve large-scale continuous production. At present, this type of product is not yet mature. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the above situation and to overcome the defects of the prior art, this utility model provides a continuous anaerobic pyrolysis device for EVA in photovoltaic waste modules. This continuous anaerobic pyrolysis device for EVA in photovoltaic waste modules can avoid the pyrolysis effect of EVA waste due to oxidation, so that EVA waste is in a normal pyrolysis environment, improve the yield of usable materials after pyrolysis. At the same time, the screw feeding mechanism and screw discharging mechanism, together with various valves, can not only discharge the produced solid residues in a timely manner, but also continuously feed materials to realize continuous large-scale production.

[0005] A continuous anaerobic pyrolysis device for EVA in photovoltaic waste modules includes a pyrolysis furnace body, a feed pipe, and a discharge pipe. The side of the pyrolysis furnace body is provided with a first gas inlet / outlet structure to ensure the flow of gas inside. The feed pipe is fixedly installed on the top of the pyrolysis furnace body, and a spiral feeding mechanism for conveying waste material is provided inside the feed pipe. A discharge pipe for discharging material into the furnace body is fixedly installed on the top of the feed pipe. The discharge pipe is fixedly installed on the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace body and has a spiral discharge mechanism for conveying residue from the pyrolysis furnace body to the outside. A second gas inlet / outlet structure is provided on the outer surface of both the feed pipe and the discharge pipe. A vacuum extraction pipe is fixedly installed on the outside of both the feed pipe and the discharge pipe. A first solenoid valve that can be controlled to open and close is provided at the connection points between the feed pipe and the discharge pipe and the pyrolysis furnace body, the connection point between the discharge pipe and the feed pipe, and the discharge port of the discharge pipe.

[0006] Preferably, an oxygen probe capable of monitoring the internal oxygen content is fixedly installed on the top side of the pyrolysis furnace body.

[0007] Preferably, the first air inlet / outlet structure includes a first air inlet pipe and a first air outlet pipe, which are respectively fixedly connected to the bottom and top of the side of the pyrolysis furnace body, and both the first air inlet pipe and the first air outlet pipe are connected to the interior of the pyrolysis furnace body.

[0008] Preferably, the spiral feeding mechanism includes a first motor and a first spiral conveying rod. The first spiral conveying rod is connected to the output end of the first motor via a spline and is horizontally rotatably connected inside the feed pipe. The first motor is fixedly installed on the side of the feed pipe away from the pyrolysis furnace body.

[0009] Preferably, the spiral discharge mechanism includes a second motor and a second spiral conveying rod. The second spiral conveying rod is connected to the output end of the second motor via a spline and is horizontally rotatably connected inside the discharge pipe. The second motor is fixedly installed on the side of the discharge pipe away from the discharge port.

[0010] Preferably, the second air inlet / outlet structure includes a second air inlet pipe and a second air outlet pipe. The second air inlet pipe and the second air outlet pipe in the two second air inlet / outlet structures are respectively fixedly installed on both sides of the outside of the feed pipe and the discharge pipe and communicate with their interiors. A second solenoid valve is fixedly installed on the side of the second air inlet pipe, the second air outlet pipe and the vacuum extraction pipe.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows:

[0012] This continuous oxygen-free pyrolysis device for EVA in photovoltaic waste modules, through the configuration of a first inlet / outlet structure, a screw feeding mechanism, a screw discharging mechanism, a second inlet / outlet structure, and solenoid valves, can control the connection and disconnection between the feed pipe, the discharge pipe, and the pyrolysis furnace body, as well as with the outside environment, through the solenoid valves. This not only improves the sealing of each part but also achieves vacuuming and inert gas protection functions, preventing the EVA waste from being affected by oxidation and affecting the pyrolysis effect. It keeps the EVA waste in a normal pyrolysis environment, increasing the yield of usable materials after pyrolysis. At the same time, the screw feeding mechanism and the screw discharging mechanism, in conjunction with the various valves, can not only quickly discharge the produced solid residues in a timely manner but also continuously feed materials, realizing continuous large-scale production, thereby improving the high-efficiency pyrolysis efficiency of EVA waste in photovoltaic waste modules. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled state of this utility model.

[0015] In the diagram: 1. Pyrolysis furnace body; 2. Feed pipe; 3. Discharge pipe; 4. Feeding pipe; 5. Vacuum extraction pipe; 6. First solenoid valve; 7. Oxygen probe; 8. First air inlet pipe; 9. First air outlet pipe; 10. First motor; 11. First screw conveyor; 12. Second motor; 13. Second screw conveyor; 14. Second air inlet pipe; 15. Second air outlet pipe; 16. Second solenoid valve. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The foregoing and other technical contents, features and effects of this utility model are described in conjunction with the appendix below. Figures 1 to 2 The embodiments are described in detail below.

[0017] This embodiment provides a continuous anaerobic pyrolysis device for EVA in waste photovoltaic modules, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 1-2 As shown, the pyrolysis furnace body 1 includes a feed pipe 2 and a discharge pipe 3. The pyrolysis furnace body 1 is a known technology and will not be described in detail here. An oxygen probe 7 is fixedly installed on the top of the side of the pyrolysis furnace body 1 to monitor the oxygen content inside. The oxygen probe 7 can monitor the oxygen content inside the entire pyrolysis furnace body 1 in real time, thereby controlling the amount of inert gas introduced to ensure normal pyrolysis. The side of the pyrolysis furnace body 1 is provided with a first gas inlet and outlet structure to ensure the flow of gas inside. The first gas inlet and outlet structure includes a first gas inlet pipe 8 and a first gas outlet pipe 9. The first gas inlet pipe 8 and the first gas outlet pipe 9 are fixedly connected to the bottom and top of the side of the pyrolysis furnace body 1, respectively. Both the first gas inlet pipe 8 and the first gas outlet pipe 9 are connected to the inside of the pyrolysis furnace body 1 to ensure that gas continuously flows into the first gas inlet pipe 8 and continuously flows out of the first gas outlet pipe 9.

[0018] The feed pipe 2 is fixedly installed on the top of the pyrolysis furnace body 1. The feed pipe 2 is equipped with a spiral feeding mechanism for conveying waste material. The spiral feeding mechanism includes a first motor 10 and a first spiral conveying rod 11. The first spiral conveying rod 11 is connected to the output end of the first motor 10 by a spline and is horizontally rotatably connected to the inside of the feed pipe 2. The first motor 10 is fixedly installed on the side of the feed pipe 2 away from the pyrolysis furnace body 1. The first motor 10 drives the first spiral conveying rod 11 to rotate, which can convey the EVA waste material in the feed pipe 2 into the pyrolysis furnace body 1.

[0019] A discharge pipe 4 is fixedly installed at the top of the feed pipe 2 to discharge material into it. EVA waste is added into the feed pipe 2 through the discharge pipe 4. The discharge pipe 3 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace body 1 and is equipped with a spiral discharge mechanism for conveying the residue in the pyrolysis furnace body 1 to the outside. The spiral discharge mechanism includes a second motor 12 and a second spiral conveying rod 13. The second spiral conveying rod 13 is connected to the output end of the second motor 12 by a spline and is horizontally rotatably connected to the inside of the discharge pipe 3. The second motor 12 is fixedly installed on the side of the discharge pipe 3 away from the discharge port. The second motor 12 drives the second spiral conveying rod 13 to rotate, which can discharge the solid residue generated after pyrolysis in the pyrolysis furnace body 1 to the outside.

[0020] The outer surfaces of the feed pipe 2 and the discharge pipe 3 are provided with a second air inlet / outlet structure. The second air inlet / outlet structure includes a second air inlet pipe 14 and a second air outlet pipe 15. The second air inlet pipe 14 and the second air outlet pipe 15 in the two second air inlet / outlet structures are respectively fixedly installed on both sides of the outside of the feed pipe 2 and the discharge pipe 3 and communicate with their interiors. The interiors of the second air inlet pipe 14 and the second air outlet pipe 15 are each provided with a second solenoid valve 16. The second solenoid valve 16 can facilitate the control of the flow between the inside of the feed pipe 2 and the discharge pipe 3 and the outside.

[0021] Vacuum extraction pipes 5 are fixedly installed on the outside of both the feed pipe 2 and the discharge pipe 3. The vacuum extraction pipes 5 are connected to external vacuum equipment, which can facilitate the evacuation of the feed pipe 2 and the discharge pipe 3, thereby avoiding the influence of oxygen in the air on the pyrolysis of EVA. The connection parts of the feed pipe 2 and the discharge pipe 3 with the pyrolysis furnace body 1, the connection parts of the discharge pipe 4 with the feed pipe 2, and the discharge port of the discharge pipe 3 are all equipped with first solenoid valves 6 that can be controlled to open and close. Each first solenoid valve 6 can facilitate the independent sealing of the feed pipe 2, the discharge pipe 3 and the pyrolysis furnace body 1, and ensure the sealing of each structure.

[0022] In summary, the operating steps of this continuous anaerobic pyrolysis device for EVA in waste photovoltaic modules are as follows:

[0023] 1. When feeding, first close the first solenoid valve 6 above the pyrolysis furnace body 1, then open the first solenoid valve 6 at the connection between the discharge pipe 4 and the feed pipe 2, close the second solenoid valve 16 on the second air inlet pipe 14 and the second air outlet pipe 15 on the feed pipe 2, and put in a certain weight of EVA waste through the discharge pipe 4. After completion, close the first solenoid valve 6 at the connection between the discharge pipe 4 and the feed pipe 2.

[0024] 2 、打开进料管2上真空抽气管5的第二电磁阀16，通过外部的抽真空设备对进料管2内抽真空，待进料管2内真空度小于103Pa时，关闭真空抽气管5侧面的第二电磁阀16，打开第 二进气管14内的第二电磁阀16，通入氮气进入进料管2，待达到大气压后，打开另一端第二出气管15的第二电磁阀16，整个进料管2内部都在氮气保护下；

[0025] 3. When the pyrolysis furnace body 1 is short of material, open the first solenoid valve 6 above the pyrolysis furnace body 1 to connect the feed pipe 2 with the pyrolysis furnace body 1, and run the first motor 10. The EVA waste will be continuously transported to the pyrolysis furnace body 1 by the first screw conveyor 11 for pyrolysis. After the material is transported, close the first solenoid valve 6 above the pyrolysis furnace body 1 to keep the first air inlet pipe 8 on the pyrolysis furnace body 1 continuously flowing in and the first air outlet pipe 9 continuously discharging.

[0026] 4 、当完成热解后，在热解炉下方堆积了热解产生的固体残渣，当确认出料管3在惰性气体保护时，打开热解炉本体1与出料管3连接部位的第一电磁阀6，使残渣进入出料管3，出料完 成后关闭该部位的第一电磁阀6，打开出料管3出口端的第一电磁阀6，运行第二电机12，固体残渣被转动的第二螺旋输送杆13排出出料管3，完成出料后关闭出料管3出口端的第 一电磁阀6，然后将出料管3上真空抽气管5的第二电磁阀16打开，通过外部抽真空设备对出料管3进行抽真空，待出料管3内真空度小于103Pa时，关闭抽真空抽气管5上的第二电 磁阀16，打开出料管3上第二进气管14的第二电磁阀16，将氮气通入到出料管3，待达到大气压时打开另一端第二出气管15的第二电磁阀16，使气体继续保持流通，以此循环往复 ，实现连续化生产。

[0027] The above description is only for illustrating the present utility model. It should be understood that the present utility model is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications that conform to the concept of the present utility model are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A continuous anaerobic pyrolysis device for EVA in waste photovoltaic modules, comprising a pyrolysis furnace body (1), a feed pipe (2), and a discharge pipe (3), characterized in that: The side of the pyrolysis furnace body (1) is provided with a first inlet and outlet structure to ensure the flow of gas inside. The feed pipe (2) is fixedly installed on the top of the pyrolysis furnace body (1). The feed pipe (2) is provided with a spiral feeding mechanism for conveying waste. The top of the feed pipe (2) is fixedly installed with a discharge pipe (4) for discharging material into it. The discharge pipe (3) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace body (1) and is provided with a spiral discharge mechanism for conveying the residue inside the pyrolysis furnace body (1) to the outside. The outer surfaces of the feed pipe (2) and the discharge pipe (3) are provided with a second inlet and outlet structure. Vacuum extraction pipes (5) are fixedly installed on the outside of the feed pipe (2) and the discharge pipe (3). The connection parts of the feed pipe (2) and the discharge pipe (3) with the pyrolysis furnace body (1), the connection parts of the discharge pipe (4) and the feed pipe (2), and the discharge port of the discharge pipe (3) are all provided with a first solenoid valve (6) that can be controlled to open and close.

2. The continuous anaerobic pyrolysis device for EVA in waste photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: An oxygen probe (7) for monitoring the internal oxygen content is fixedly installed on the top side of the pyrolysis furnace body (1).

3. The continuous anaerobic pyrolysis device for EVA in waste photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first air inlet and outlet structure includes a first air inlet pipe (8) and a first air outlet pipe (9). The first air inlet pipe (8) and the first air outlet pipe (9) are respectively fixedly connected to the bottom and top of the side of the pyrolysis furnace body (1), and the first air inlet pipe (8) and the first air outlet pipe (9) are both connected to the inside of the pyrolysis furnace body (1).

4. The continuous anaerobic pyrolysis device for EVA in waste photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral feeding mechanism includes a first motor (10) and a first spiral conveying rod (11). The first spiral conveying rod (11) is connected to the output end of the first motor (10) by a spline and is horizontally rotatably connected inside the feed pipe (2). The first motor (10) is fixedly installed on the side of the feed pipe (2) away from the pyrolysis furnace body (1).

5. The continuous anaerobic pyrolysis device for EVA in waste photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral discharge mechanism includes a second motor (12) and a second spiral conveying rod (13). The second spiral conveying rod (13) is connected to the output end of the second motor (12) by a spline and is horizontally rotatably connected inside the discharge pipe (3). The second motor (12) is fixedly installed on the side of the discharge pipe (3) away from the discharge port.

6. The continuous anaerobic pyrolysis device for EVA in waste photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second air inlet and outlet structure includes a second air inlet pipe (14) and a second air outlet pipe (15). The second air inlet pipe (14) and the second air outlet pipe (15) in the two second air inlet and outlet structures are respectively fixedly installed on both sides of the feed pipe (2) and the discharge pipe (3) and communicate with their interiors. The second air inlet pipe (14), the second air outlet pipe (15) and the vacuum pumping pipe (5) are all fixedly installed with a second solenoid valve (16).

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