Shell assembly and battery pack with same

Abstract

The utility model provides a shell assembly and a battery pack with the same. The shell assembly comprises a shell main body, the shell main body comprises a plurality of shell walls which are spliced with one another, and a containing cavity used for containing a to-be-installed battery cell assembly and a to-be-installed output pole piece seat is defined by the shell walls; one of the plurality of shell walls is provided with an opening, and the opening is used for installing a to-be-installed output pole piece seat; wherein a first heat dissipation opening and a second heat dissipation opening which are oppositely arranged are further formed in the shell main body, and the first heat dissipation opening and the second heat dissipation opening are both communicated with the containing cavity; at least part of the second heat dissipation opening is arranged on the shell wall with the opening; the first heat dissipation opening is an air inlet, the second heat dissipation opening is an air outlet, and the circulation area of the first heat dissipation opening is larger than that of the second heat dissipation opening. The battery pack solves the problem of poor heat dissipation effect of the battery pack in the prior art.

Description

[0001] The application claims priority to the Chinese Utility Model Patent Application No. CN202520348339.4, filed on February 28, 2025, and entitled "Battery Pack". TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The utility model relates to battery pack technical field, specifically, relate to a shell subassembly and have its battery pack. BACKGROUND

[0003] At present, the battery cell will generate heat during charging and discharging, especially under the working condition of large current discharging or rapid charging, the heat generation is more obvious. If these heat is not effectively dissipated in time, the temperature of the battery cell will rise, thereby affecting the performance of the battery, reducing the service life of the battery, and even causing thermal runaway of the battery in extreme cases, leading to overheating, swelling, leakage, burning and even explosion of the battery pack, causing serious threat to personnel and equipment.

[0004] In the battery pack with high module integration, the internal support, wire harness and BMS module will form a turbulent barrier, resulting in uneven distribution of cooling air flow, and the heat cannot be effectively diffused, so the cooling effect is poor. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, the utility model aims to provide a shell subassembly and a battery pack with the same.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme provided by an embodiment of the utility model is as follows:

[0007] A shell assembly comprises: a shell body comprising a plurality of mutually spliced shell walls, the plurality of shell walls enclosing a receiving cavity for accommodating a to-be-installed cell assembly and a to-be-installed output tab seat; one of the plurality of shell walls is provided with an opening for mounting the to-be-installed output tab seat; wherein the shell body is further provided with oppositely arranged first and second heat dissipation openings, both of which communicate with the receiving cavity; at least part of the second heat dissipation opening is arranged on the shell wall with the opening; the first heat dissipation opening is an air inlet, and the second heat dissipation opening is an air outlet, and the flow area of the first heat dissipation opening is larger than that of the second heat dissipation opening. Due to the large flow area of the first heat dissipation opening, the air inlet amount is increased and the air outlet flow rate is accelerated, forming an air flow circulation mode of "low resistance air inlet and high flow rate heat dissipation", which means that the air inlet amount of the battery pack is more sufficient, more cold air can be introduced, effectively contacted with the unit cell and taken away the heat. The relative position of the air inlet and the air outlet forms a directional air duct penetrating through the receiving cavity, ensuring that after the cold air enters from the first heat dissipation opening, it fully flows through the surface of the cell assembly, then carries the heat and is discharged from the second heat dissipation opening, avoiding local heat accumulation. When the battery pack is in operation, the large air inlet area reduces the air inflow resistance, and the small air outlet area accelerates the exhaust to form a negative pressure effect, which can not only maintain the continuous flow of internal air flow, but also avoid the backflow of external dust or moisture due to air pressure difference, improve the system environmental adaptability, and the large flow area of the first heat dissipation opening ensures that sufficient air can enter even in the case of partial blockage. This design can improve the heat dissipation efficiency, so that the cell assembly can be cooled in time and kept within a safe working temperature range.

[0008] Further, the second heat dissipation opening is located on one side of the opening, and the minimum distance between the edge of the second heat dissipation opening close to the opening and the edge of the opening close to the second heat dissipation opening is greater than or equal to 2mm and less than or equal to 50mm. The minimum distance of 2mm ensures that enough shell wall material is reserved between the opening and the heat dissipation opening, avoiding local stress concentration due to too close opening, reducing the risk of shell wall cracking due to vibration, assembly or thermal expansion. The second heat dissipation opening is close to the opening (output tab seat mounting position), but maintains a distance of ≥2mm, which can form a transition buffer zone between the high-temperature area of the output tab seat and the heat dissipation opening, avoiding direct impact of high temperature on the edge of the heat dissipation opening causing material aging. At the same time, through the limited distance (≤50mm), it is ensured that the heat dissipation opening can still quickly discharge the heat near the output tab seat, avoiding the heat conduction along the shell wall to other areas, and at the same time, the distance ≤50mm restricts the relative position of the heat dissipation opening and the opening, so that they form a compact "heat source-heat dissipation opening" associated layout, reducing the turbulence or backflow phenomenon of air flow due to too long path, improving the heat dissipation efficiency, which helps to avoid the direct shielding of the tool tab to the heat dissipation opening during the extension process, ensuring the smoothness of the air flow channel, thereby optimizing the thermal management performance of the battery pack.

[0009] Further, the shell body is provided with a locking position, which is a convex structure protruding towards the accommodating cavity, so as to abut and limit the to-be-installed battery cell assembly; wherein the second heat dissipation opening is arranged between the locking position and the opening. By arranging the second heat dissipation opening between the locking position and the opening, the heat dissipation opening is arranged by using the redundant space between the locking position and the opening, so as to avoid occupying other areas, maintain the overall compactness of the shell, and at the same time, the precise abutment of the locking position ensures that the relative distance between the installation position of the battery pack and the second heat dissipation opening and the output pole seat is constant, so as to avoid the out-of-control distance between the heat dissipation opening and the heat source caused by assembly deviation.

[0010] Further, the shell body includes a first end cover, a through shell and a second end cover connected in sequence, the first end cover and the second end cover are respectively arranged at opposite ends of the through shell, and the first end cover, the through shell and the second end cover jointly enclose the accommodating cavity; wherein: the first heat dissipation opening is arranged on the first end cover, and the second heat dissipation opening is arranged on the second end cover; or, the first heat dissipation opening and the second heat dissipation opening are both arranged on the through shell. The air inlet (first end cover) and the air outlet (second end cover) are located at the two ends of the shell, the airflow enters from the first end cover, penetrates through the entire accommodating cavity, flows through the surface of the battery cell assembly, and is finally discharged from the second end cover, forming axial forced convection, maximizing the heat dissipation coverage range, and the long-distance air duct ensures that the airflow sufficiently contacts all heat generating components (such as battery cells and output pole seats), avoiding local heat accumulation. The air inlet and the air outlet are both located on the side wall of the through shell, forming a horizontal or oblique air duct, and the airflow path is shorter. The cold air directly flows through the heat dense area (such as the gap between the battery cells and the output pole seat), and quickly discharges heat. The through shell can be provided with multiple heat dissipation opening combinations (such as symmetrical distribution up and down or left and right), and three-dimensional heat dissipation is realized by staggered design of the air duct.

[0011] Further, the shell body includes a first end cover, a through shell and a second end cover connected in sequence, the first end cover and the second end cover are respectively arranged at opposite ends of the through shell, and the first end cover, the through shell and the second end cover jointly enclose the accommodating cavity; wherein: the first heat dissipation opening is arranged on the first end cover, and the second heat dissipation opening is arranged on the second end cover; or, the first heat dissipation opening and the second heat dissipation opening are both arranged on the through shell. By arranging the first heat dissipation opening on the recessed shell and the second heat dissipation opening on the end cover, a longitudinal air duct is formed to realize overall uniform heat dissipation, which is suitable for uniform temperature control. By arranging the first heat dissipation opening and the second heat dissipation opening on the recessed shell, a horizontal air duct is formed to realize rapid response heat dissipation.

[0012] Further, the shell body comprises a first end cover, a through shell and a second end cover connected in sequence, the first end cover and the second end cover are respectively arranged at opposite ends of the through shell, the through shell comprises a first sub-shell and a second sub-shell connected with each other, the first sub-shell, the second sub-shell, the first end cover and the second end cover jointly form the accommodating cavity; wherein, the first sub-shell and the second sub-shell are arranged oppositely; or, the first sub-shell and the second sub-shell are arranged in the direction from the first end cover to the second end cover. The four-part structure of the shell design facilitates the modularization upgrade and maintenance of the assembly, and each part can be replaced or adjusted independently, thereby reducing the maintenance cost and improving the service life and performance of the battery pack.

[0013] Further, the first heat dissipation port is arranged on the first end cover, and the second heat dissipation port is arranged on the second end cover; or, the first heat dissipation port and the second heat dissipation port are both arranged on the through shell. In this way, the airflow can enter from one end of the battery pack, pass through the internal cell assembly, and then be discharged from the other end or the other side of the same end, forming an effective one-way linear air duct heat exchange path, which can uniformly cover all heat generating areas (such as cell, output tab seat), reduce the risk of local overheating, and the second end cover heat dissipation port is close to the high-heat area such as the output tab seat, preferentially discharging heat from the key parts to avoid heat accumulation causing oxidation or performance degradation of the connection points.

[0014] Further, the shell body has a first shell wall and a second shell wall arranged oppositely, the opening and the second heat dissipation port are arranged on the first shell wall, and the first heat dissipation port is arranged on the second shell wall; wherein, the second heat dissipation port is located in the middle of the first shell wall; the first shell wall is a strip structure, wherein: along the length direction of the strip structure, the second heat dissipation port is located in the middle of the first shell wall; and / or, along the width direction of the strip structure, the second heat dissipation port is located in the middle of the first shell wall. In this way, the airflow can be guided to directly dissipate heat to the central area of the cell assembly through the arrangement of the first heat dissipation port and the second heat dissipation port, which is the position where the cell assembly generates relatively concentrated heat.

[0015] Further, the shell body has a first shell wall and a second shell wall arranged oppositely, the opening and the second heat dissipation port are arranged on the first shell wall, and the first heat dissipation port is arranged on the second shell wall; wherein, the shell body further has a third heat dissipation port in communication with the accommodating cavity, and the third heat dissipation port is arranged on other shell wall of the shell body outside the first shell wall and the second shell wall. Arranging the third heat dissipation port on the shell wall outside the first shell wall and the second shell wall can increase the heat dissipation area of the battery pack, so that the airflow enters the inside of the battery pack from different directions, not only improving the heat dissipation efficiency, but also reducing the risk of heat dissipation performance decline caused by single heat dissipation port being blocked. This multi-directional heat dissipation design can more comprehensively cover the cell assembly, ensuring the stable operation of the battery pack under various environmental conditions.

[0016] Further, the other shell walls of the shell body include oppositely arranged third and fourth shell walls; the third heat dissipation openings are at least two, one of the at least two third heat dissipation openings is arranged on the third shell wall, and the other is arranged on the fourth shell wall. Arranging at least one third heat dissipation opening on the third and fourth shell walls can further improve the diversity of the heat dissipation path, so that the heat inside the battery pack can be evenly dissipated from both sides, avoiding the local overheating phenomenon that may be caused by the airflow concentrated on one side.

[0017] Further, the second and third heat dissipation openings are at least one; wherein: the sum of the flow areas of the third heat dissipation openings is less than or equal to the sum of the flow areas of the second heat dissipation openings; or, the sum of the flow areas of the third heat dissipation openings is greater than the sum of the flow areas of the second heat dissipation openings. The sum of the flow areas of the third heat dissipation openings is less than or equal to the sum of the flow areas of the second heat dissipation openings, which can flexibly adjust the size and number of each heat dissipation opening according to the heat source distribution and heat dissipation demand inside the battery pack, to achieve the best heat dissipation effect.

[0018] The utility model also provides a kind of battery pack, comprising: above-mentioned shell assembly. Shell assembly not only can accommodate electric core component and output pole piece seat, protect the internal component contained, but also can be connected with external tool pole piece through specific opening, realize the convenience and security of internal and external electrical connection.

[0019] Further, the battery pack further comprises: an output pole piece seat arranged in the accommodating cavity of the shell assembly; the output pole piece seat comprises a terminal assembly for connecting with the tool pole piece extending into the accommodating cavity through the opening of the shell assembly; and / or an electric core assembly arranged in the accommodating cavity of the shell assembly; the electric core assembly comprises an electric core support and a unit electric core, the unit electric core is mounted on the electric core support, and the electric core support is used for connecting with the shell assembly. By arranging the output pole piece seat in the battery pack, the terminal assembly thereof can be conveniently connected with the tool pole piece extending through the opening of the shell assembly. This design simplifies the electrical connection process between the external device and the battery pack, improves the convenience and efficiency of connection. The firm connection of the electric core support of the electric core assembly with the shell assembly provides structural support and shock protection for the electric core assembly. This design ensures the stable position of the unit electric core inside the battery pack, reduces the displacement of the electric core caused by vibration or external impact, protects the electric core from physical damage, and also maintains the stability and safety of the internal components of the battery pack.

[0020] The utility model has the following beneficial effects: the first heat dissipation port has larger flow area, the air circulation mode of "low resistance air inlet, high flow rate heat dissipation" is formed by increasing the air inlet volume and accelerating the air outlet flow rate, which means that the air inlet volume of the battery pack is more sufficient, more cold air can be introduced, effectively contacts the unit cell and carries away heat. The relative position of the air inlet and the air outlet forms a directional air duct through the containing cavity, ensures that after the cold air enters the first heat dissipation port, fully flows through the surface of the cell assembly, then carries heat and is discharged from the second heat dissipation port, avoids local heat accumulation, when the battery pack is in the running state, the larger air inlet area reduces the air inflow resistance, the smaller air outlet area forms a negative pressure effect by accelerating the air exhaust, can not only maintain the internal airflow continuous flow, but also can avoid the external dust or moisture backflow due to the air pressure difference, improves the system environmental adaptability, and the large flow area of the first heat dissipation port ensures that even in the case of partial blockage, there is still enough air entering. This design can improve the heat dissipation efficiency, so that the cell assembly can be cooled in time and kept in a safe working temperature range. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment or the prior art description, obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments in the utility model, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creating labor.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a top perspective view of a battery pack provided by the embodiment of the application.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a bottom perspective view of a battery pack provided by the embodiment of the application.

[0024] Figure 3 It is an internal structure diagram of a battery pack provided by the embodiment of the application.

[0025] Figure 4 It is an explosion view of the internal structure of a battery pack provided by the embodiment of the application.

[0026] Figure 5 It is a structure schematic view of a unit cell provided by the embodiment of the application.

[0027] Figure 6 It is another structure schematic view of a unit cell provided by the embodiment of the application.

[0028] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional schematic view of the first end face of a waterproof plate of a battery pack provided by the embodiment of the application.

[0029] Figure 8 A perspective view of a second end face of another waterproof plate of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application is provided;

[0030] Figure 9 A perspective view of a second end face of a waterproof plate of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application is provided;

[0031] Figure 10 A partially enlarged sectional view of a waterproof plate of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application at A in Figure 7

[0032] Figure 11 A partially enlarged sectional view of another waterproof plate of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application at A in Figure 7

[0033] Figure 12 An assembly relationship diagram of a waterproof plate, a waterproof layer, a cell support, and a unit cell according to an embodiment of the present application is provided;

[0034] Figure 13 An assembly relationship diagram of another waterproof plate, a waterproof layer, a cell support, and a unit cell according to an embodiment of the present application is provided;

[0035] Figure 14 A partial diagram of an internal structure of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application after hiding a waterproof plate and a waterproof layer is provided;

[0036] Figure 15 A partial perspective view of an output electrode seat according to an embodiment of the present application is provided;

[0037] Figure 16 A front view of an output electrode seat according to an embodiment of the present application is provided;

[0038] Figure 17 An internal structure diagram of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application from another perspective is provided;

[0039] Figure 18 A perspective diagram of a connecting piece according to an embodiment of the present application is provided;

[0040] Figure 19 A front view of a first welding seat according to an embodiment of the present application is provided;

[0041] Figure 20 A front view of a second welding seat according to an embodiment of the present application is provided;

[0042] Figure 21 A temperature change data diagram of a 60V cell and a cell end face in a 30A discharge mode according to an embodiment of the present application is provided.

[0043] ​​Wherein, the above-mentioned drawings include the following reference signs:

[0044] 1, housing body; 11, first heat dissipation port; 113, drainage port; 13, opening; 14, second heat dissipation port; 15, third heat dissipation port; 16, locking position; 17, through housing; 171, first housing wall; 172, second housing wall; 18, first end cover; 19, second end cover;

[0045] 2, battery cell assembly; 21, unit battery cell; 211, first battery cell end face; 2111, positive electrode end face; 2112, negative electrode end face; 2113, isolation piece; 21111, cap end face; 212, second battery cell end face; 22, battery cell support; 221, accommodating groove; 222, exposed hole; 223, first end; 224, second end; 225, limiting part; 2251, locking piece; 226, positioning piece; 23, waterproof layer; 24, waterproof piece; 241, first end face; 2411, first convex surface; 242, second end face; 2421, second convex surface;

[0046] 3, output pole piece seat; 32, terminal assembly; 33, terminal fixing seat; 331, lead groove; 332, fixed end; 333, waterproof space; 3331, first waterproof space; 3332, second waterproof space; 33321, inlet;

[0047] 4, control device; 41, control board; 411, second solder pad; 42, connecting piece; 421, single battery cell detection piece; 4211, first connecting end; 4212, second connecting end; 42121, first solder pad; 42122, through hole; 422, connecting pole piece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0049] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present application, but only represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0050] It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters refer to like items throughout the drawings, and once an item is defined in one drawing, it should not require further defining and explaining in subsequent drawings.

[0051] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0052] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be understood that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set", "mount", "connected", "connected" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected, it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be connected inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0053] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be understood that the "first", "second" and the like used in this paper are not specifically intended to refer to the order or sequence, nor to limit the case, but only to distinguish the components or operations described by the same technical terms.

[0054] It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0055] The technical solutions in the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings.

[0056] In order to solve the problem of poor heat dissipation effect of the battery pack in the prior art, the present application provides a shell assembly and a battery pack with the same. The battery pack comprises an internal assembly and a shell assembly, and the internal assembly is arranged in the accommodating cavity surrounded by the shell assembly.

[0057] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme provided by an embodiment of the present application is as follows:

[0058] As Figures 1-2As shown, the utility model provides a kind of shell assembly, shell assembly includes shell main body 1, shell main body 1 includes multiple mutually spliced shell wall, multiple shell wall surrounds the accommodating cavity for accommodating to be installed electric core assembly and to be installed output pole piece seat.

[0059] In the present application, as Figure 3 Shown, the internal components of battery pack include electric core assembly 2, output pole piece seat 3 and control device 4, electric core assembly 2, output pole piece seat 3 and control device 4 are all arranged in accommodating cavity.

[0060] Specifically, as Figure 4 Shown, electric core assembly 2 includes electric core support 22 and unit electric core 21, unit electric core 21 is installed on electric core support 22, and electric core support 22 is used to be connected with shell assembly.

[0061] Specifically, shell assembly further includes support fixing seat (not shown in figure), support fixing seat is arranged on at least one side in shell main body 1, and support fixing seat is used to fix electric core assembly 2, to avoid electric core support 22 in shell assembly moves.

[0062] In a specific embodiment, electric core support 22 is firmly fixed on support fixing seat in shell assembly by welding or screw connection, to provide additional structural support and anti-vibration protection.

[0063] Specifically, as Figure 14 Shown, electric core support 22 has accommodating slot 221 for accommodating unit electric core 21, the first end of accommodating slot 221 has notch, for unit electric core 21 to extend into, the second end of accommodating slot 221 has exposed hole 222 through electric core support 22, the hole cross-sectional area of exposed hole 222 is less than the cross-sectional area of accommodating slot 221 parallel to exposed hole 222, and the hole cross-sectional area of exposed hole 222 is less than the maximum area of first electric core end face 211 extended into accommodating slot 221.

[0064] It should be noted that along the extension direction of exposed hole 222 itself, the hole cross-sectional area of exposed hole 222 is constant. Along the extension direction of accommodating slot 221 itself, the cross-sectional area of accommodating slot 221 is constant.

[0065] In the present application, as Figure 15 And Figure 16 Shown, output pole piece seat 3 includes terminal assembly 32, and terminal assembly 32 is used to be connected with tool pole piece extended into accommodating cavity through the opening 13 of shell assembly.

[0066] In the present application, as Figures 17-20As shown, the control board 41 of the control device 4 has at least a control module and a communication module. The control module is used to adjust the voltage, current and temperature and other parameters in the battery pack, to ensure the safety and efficient operation of the whole system, and the communication module is used to exchange data with external devices, to realize the monitoring of the working state of the battery pack.

[0067] Specifically, the control device 4 is arranged on the cell support 22, and the control device 4 has a connecting piece 42, and the control board 41 is connected to the unit cell 21 from the exposed hole 222 through the connecting piece 42, to at least realize the communication and control functions.

[0068] As shown, Figure 1 As shown, one of the plurality of shell walls of the shell body 1 is provided with an opening 13 for mounting the to-be-mounted output pole seat. The opening 13 is arranged at a position corresponding to the output pole seat 3 of the shell body 1, for the tool pole to pass through and be connected with the output pole seat 3.

[0069] Specifically, the shell body 1 is further provided with oppositely arranged first and second heat dissipation openings 11 and 14, both of which are in communication with the accommodating cavity; at least part of the second heat dissipation opening 14 is arranged on the shell wall with the opening 13; the first heat dissipation opening 11 is an air inlet, and the second heat dissipation opening 14 is an air outlet. By oppositely arranging the first and second heat dissipation openings 11 and 14, a linear air channel is formed therebetween, so that the direct ventilation path helps the airflow to pass through the battery pack more efficiently, ensuring that the internal temperature of the battery pack is always maintained within a safe range, significantly improving the heat dissipation efficiency and reducing the risk of explosion caused by overheating of the cells.

[0070] Specifically, at least part of the first heat dissipation opening 11 and at least part of the second heat dissipation opening 14 are arranged on two opposite shell walls of the shell body 1.

[0071] Specifically, the flow area of the first heat dissipation opening 11 is larger than that of the second heat dissipation opening 14. After the airflow enters the shell assembly through the first heat dissipation opening 11, it is discharged from the second heat dissipation opening 14, and the first heat dissipation opening 11 has a larger area, which is conducive to inhaling more cold air, so that the cold air can fully contact the cell assembly 2.

[0072] Due to the large flow area of the first heat dissipation port 11, by increasing the air inlet amount and accelerating the air outlet flow rate, a "low resistance air inlet, high flow rate heat dissipation" air circulation mode is formed, which means that the air inlet amount of the battery pack is more sufficient, more cold air can be introduced, effectively contacting the unit cells 21 and carrying away heat. The relative position of the air inlet and the air outlet forms a directional air duct through the containing cavity, ensuring that after the cold air enters the first heat dissipation port 11, it flows through the surface of the cell assembly 2, then carries away heat from the second heat dissipation port 14, avoiding local heat accumulation. When the battery pack is in operation, the large air inlet area reduces the air inflow resistance, and the small air outlet area forms a negative pressure effect by accelerating the air outlet, which can not only maintain the continuous flow of internal air flow, but also avoid the backflow of external dust or moisture due to air pressure difference, improve the environmental adaptability of the system, and the large flow area of the first heat dissipation port 11 ensures that even in the case of partial blockage, there is still enough air entering. This design can improve the heat dissipation efficiency, so that the cell assembly 2 can dissipate heat in time and keep within a safe working temperature range.

[0073] Specifically, the second heat dissipation port 14 is arranged adjacent to the opening 13. This allows the cooling airflow entering from the first heat dissipation port 11 to more effectively cover the area of the cell assembly 2 and the output tab seat 3, accelerating the heat exchange process. Especially in high load state, this design can quickly reduce the cell temperature and improve the overall heat dissipation efficiency.

[0074] In a specific embodiment, the second heat dissipation port 14 is located on one side of the opening 13, and the minimum distance between the edge of the second heat dissipation port 14 close to the opening 13 and the edge of the opening 13 close to the second heat dissipation port 14 is greater than or equal to 2mm and less than or equal to 50mm. In this way, the minimum distance of 2mm ensures that there is enough shell wall material between the opening 13 and the second heat dissipation port 14, avoiding local stress concentration due to the opening being too close, reducing the risk of shell wall cracking due to vibration, assembly or thermal expansion. The second heat dissipation port 14 is close to the opening 13 (output tab seat mounting position), but maintains a distance ≥2mm, which can form a transition buffer zone between the high temperature area of the output tab seat 3 and the second heat dissipation port 14, avoiding direct impact of high temperature on the edge of the heat dissipation port causing material aging. At the same time, through the limited distance (≤50mm), it is ensured that the heat dissipation port can still quickly discharge the heat near the output tab seat 3, avoiding heat conduction along the shell wall to other areas, and at the same time, the distance ≤50mm restricts the relative position of the second heat dissipation port 14 and the opening 13, so that they form a compact "heat source-heat dissipation port" associated layout, reducing the turbulence or backflow phenomenon caused by the long path of air flow, improving the heat dissipation efficiency. This helps to avoid direct shielding of the second heat dissipation port 14 by the output tab during the insertion process, ensuring the smoothness of the air flow channel, thereby optimizing the thermal management performance of the battery pack.

[0075] Specifically, the second heat dissipation port 14 and the opening 13 are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of a shell wall.

[0076] Specifically, the second heat dissipation opening 14 has a plurality of first edges connected in sequence, the opening 13 has a plurality of second edges connected in sequence, one of the plurality of first edges forms an edge of the second heat dissipation opening 14 close to the opening 13, one of the plurality of second edges forms an edge of the opening 13 close to the second heat dissipation opening 14, one of the first edges and one of the second edges are parallel to each other, and the distance between one of the first edges and one of the second edges is greater than or equal to 2 mm and less than or equal to 50 mm.

[0077] In an embodiment, the opening 13 is a plurality of openings, the plurality of openings 13 are arranged along a first preset direction, the second heat dissipation opening 14 is a plurality of second heat dissipation openings, and the plurality of second heat dissipation openings 14 are arranged along the first preset direction. The first preset direction is arranged perpendicular to the extension direction of one of the shell walls.

[0078] In the present application, as shown in Figure 1 , the shell body 1 is provided with a locking position 16, which is a convex surface structure protruding towards the direction of the accommodation cavity, so as to abut and limit the to-be-installed battery cell assembly. This design effectively enhances the mechanical strength of the shell body 1, especially during the installation and fixation of the battery cell assembly 2. Through abutment with the battery cell assembly 2, it can provide precise positioning and stable limiting, avoiding displacement of the battery cell due to vibration or impact in the battery pack, thereby improving the structural stability of the battery pack and the safety of the battery cell.

[0079] Specifically, the second heat dissipation opening 14 is arranged between the locking position 16 and the opening 13. In this way, the second heat dissipation opening 14 is arranged between the locking position 16 and the opening 13, and the second heat dissipation opening 14 is arranged by utilizing the redundant space between the locking position 16 and the opening 13, avoiding occupying other areas, maintaining the overall compactness of the shell body 1, and at the same time, utilizing the precise abutment of the locking position 16 to ensure that the relative distance between the installation position of the battery pack and the second heat dissipation opening 14 and the output pole seat 3 is constant, avoiding the out-of-control distance between the heat dissipation opening and the heat source due to assembly deviation.

[0080] As shown in Figure 1 , in an embodiment, the shell body 1 includes a first end cover 18, a through shell 17 and a second end cover 19 connected in sequence, the first end cover 18 and the second end cover 19 are respectively arranged at opposite ends of the through shell 17, and the first end cover 18, the through shell 17 and the second end cover 19 jointly form the accommodation cavity. In this way, the shell body 1 is formed in a three-part form combination, the shell body 1 is arranged as a through integrated shell with openings on opposite sides, and the two end covers are connected with the shell from the two openings. The design of the split shell facilitates the modularization and maintainability of the battery pack.

[0081] In a specific embodiment, the first heat dissipation opening 11 is arranged on the first end cover 18, and the second heat dissipation opening 14 is arranged on the second end cover 19. The air inlet (the first end cover 18) and the air outlet (the second end cover 19) are located at the two ends of the shell, and the air flow enters from the first end cover 18, penetrates through the entire containing cavity, flows through the surface of the battery cell assembly 2, and is finally discharged from the second end cover 19, forming axial forced convection, maximizing the heat dissipation coverage, and the long-distance air duct ensures that the air flow sufficiently contacts all heat generating components (such as the battery cell assembly 2 and the output tab seat 3), avoiding local heat accumulation.

[0082] Specifically, the second end cover 19 is a shell wall with the opening 13; or the second end cover 19 includes a shell wall with the opening 13.

[0083] In another specific embodiment, the first heat dissipation opening 11 and the second heat dissipation opening 14 are both arranged on the through shell 17. The air inlet and the air outlet are both located on the side wall of the through shell 17, forming a horizontal or oblique air duct, and the air flow path is shorter. The cold air directly flows through the heat dense area (such as the gap between the battery cell assembly 2 and the output tab seat 3), quickly discharges heat, and the through shell can be provided with multiple heat dissipation opening combinations (such as symmetrical distribution up and down or left and right), and three-dimensional heat dissipation is achieved through the staggered design of the air duct.

[0084] Specifically, the through shell 17 is a shell wall with the opening 13; or the through shell 17 includes a shell wall with the opening 13.

[0085] In an embodiment not shown in the figure, the shell body 1 includes a recessed shell and an end cover connected to each other, and the recessed shell and the end cover jointly enclose the containing cavity. In this way, the shell body 1 is formed in a two-part form combination, and the shell body 1 is arranged as a recessed shell with an opening on the top surface or any surface, and the end cover is connected to the shell from the opening side. This makes the installation more simple and fast. Only the preliminary installation of the components in the recessed shell is required, and then the end cover is sealed, avoiding the complex internal assembly and connection problems in the traditional integrated shell, and greatly improving the production efficiency.

[0086] In a specific embodiment, the first heat dissipation opening 11 is arranged on the recessed shell, and the second heat dissipation opening 14 is arranged on the end cover. By arranging the first heat dissipation opening 11 on the recessed shell and the second heat dissipation opening 14 on the end cover, a longitudinal air duct is formed to achieve global uniform heat dissipation, which is suitable for uniform temperature control.

[0087] Specifically, the end cover is a shell wall with the opening 13; or the end cover includes a shell wall with the opening 13.

[0088] In another specific embodiment, the first heat dissipation opening 11 and the second heat dissipation opening 14 are both arranged on the recessed shell. By arranging the first heat dissipation opening 11 and the second heat dissipation opening 14 on the recessed shell, a horizontal air duct is formed to achieve rapid response heat dissipation.

[0089] Specifically, the recessed housing is a housing wall with an opening 13; or the recessed housing includes a housing wall with an opening 13.

[0090] In an embodiment not shown, the housing body 1 includes a first end cover 18, a through housing 17, and a second end cover 19 connected in sequence, the first end cover 18 and the second end cover 19 are respectively arranged at opposite ends of the through housing 17, and the through housing 17 includes a first sub-housing and a second sub-housing connected to each other, and the first sub-housing, the second sub-housing, the first end cover 18, and the second end cover 19 jointly form a containing cavity. The first sub-housing and the second sub-housing are arranged opposite to each other. In this way, the housing body 1 forms a four-part form combination, the housing body 1 is arranged as a through sub-housing with opposite side openings, the sub-housing can be buckled up and down, and the two end covers are connected to the housing from the two openings respectively. In this way, when maintenance or replacement of components is needed, the housing does not need to be completely disassembled, only the corresponding end cover or sub-housing needs to be opened, which greatly saves time and labor cost and improves the maintainability of the equipment.

[0091] In another embodiment not shown, the housing body 1 includes a first end cover 18, a through housing 17, and a second end cover 19 connected in sequence, the first end cover 18 and the second end cover 19 are respectively arranged at opposite ends of the through housing 17, and the through housing 17 includes a first sub-housing and a second sub-housing connected to each other, and the first sub-housing, the second sub-housing, the first end cover 18, and the second end cover 19 jointly form a containing cavity. The first sub-housing and the second sub-housing are arranged in the direction from the first end cover 18 to the second end cover 19. In this way, the housing body 1 forms a four-part form combination, the housing body 1 is arranged as a through sub-housing with opposite side openings, the sub-housing can be buckled left and right, and the two end covers are connected to the housing from the two openings respectively. In this way, when maintenance or replacement of components is needed, the housing does not need to be completely disassembled, only the corresponding end cover or sub-housing needs to be opened, which greatly saves time and labor cost and improves the maintainability of the equipment.

[0092] In an embodiment, the first heat dissipation port 11 is arranged on the first end cover 18, and the second heat dissipation port 14 is arranged on the second end cover 19. In this way, it can be ensured that the airflow enters from one end of the battery pack, passes through the internal cell assembly 2, and is discharged from the other end or the other side of the same end, forming an effective one-way linear air duct heat exchange path, which can uniformly cover all heating areas (such as the cell assembly 2 and the output tab seat 3), reduce the risk of local overheating, and the second heat dissipation port 14 on the second end cover 19 is close to the high-heat area such as the output tab seat 3, preferentially discharges heat from the key parts, and avoids heat accumulation to cause oxidation or performance degradation of the connection points.

[0093] In an embodiment, the first heat dissipation port 11 and the second heat dissipation port 14 are both arranged on the through housing 17.

[0094] In a specific embodiment, the first sub-shell and the second sub-shell are oppositely arranged, and the first heat dissipation opening 11 and the second heat dissipation opening 14 are arranged on the first sub-shell and the second sub-shell respectively.

[0095] In a specific embodiment, the first sub-shell and the second sub-shell are arranged in the direction from the first end cover 18 to the second end cover 19, and the first heat dissipation opening 11 and the second heat dissipation opening 14 are both arranged on the first sub-shell; or, the first heat dissipation opening 11 and the second heat dissipation opening 14 are both arranged on the second sub-shell; or, the first heat dissipation opening 11 and the second heat dissipation opening 14 are arranged on the first sub-shell and the second sub-shell respectively.

[0096] In the present application, as shown in Figure 1 The shell body 1 has oppositely arranged first shell wall 171 and second shell wall 172, and the opening 13 and the second heat dissipation opening 14 are arranged on the first shell wall 171, and the first heat dissipation opening 11 is arranged on the second shell wall 172; wherein the second heat dissipation opening 14 is located in the middle of the first shell wall 171. In this way, the airflow can more evenly cover the surface of the battery cell assembly 2, and the airflow distribution from the center to the periphery reduces the problem of local heat concentration, which helps to maintain the temperature uniformity inside the battery pack.

[0097] Specifically, the first shell wall 171 is a shell wall with an opening 13; or, the first shell wall 171 includes a shell wall with an opening 13.

[0098] Specifically, the first shell wall 171 is a strip structure, and along the length direction of the strip structure, the second heat dissipation opening 14 is located in the middle of the first shell wall 171.

[0099] Specifically, the first shell wall 171 is a strip structure, and along the width direction of the strip structure, the second heat dissipation opening 14 is located in the middle of the first shell wall 171.

[0100] Specifically, the first shell wall 171 is a strip structure, and along the length direction of the strip structure, the second heat dissipation opening 14 is located in the middle of the first shell wall 171; and along the width direction of the strip structure, the second heat dissipation opening 14 is located in the middle of the first shell wall 171.

[0101] In the present application, as shown in Figure 2 The shell body 1 has oppositely arranged first shell wall 171 and second shell wall 172, and the opening 13 and the second heat dissipation opening 14 are arranged on the first shell wall 171, and the first heat dissipation opening 11 is arranged on the second shell wall 172. The shell body 1 is also provided with a third heat dissipation opening 15 which is in communication with the accommodating cavity, and the third heat dissipation opening 15 is arranged on other shell walls of the shell body 1 which are outside the first shell wall 171 and the second shell wall 172.

[0102] The third heat dissipation port 15 is used to introduce the airflow in the side direction of the shell body 1 with the third heat dissipation port 15 into the battery pack, and the airflow passing through the third heat dissipation port 15 is combined with the airflow passing through the first heat dissipation port 11 to form a combined airflow that is discharged from the second heat dissipation port 14. By adding the third heat dissipation port 15, airflows in different directions can enter the battery pack, and the heat of the cell assembly 2 can be more evenly dispersed, avoiding local overheating. The intersection of the airflows inside can more comprehensively and efficiently cover the surface of the cells, maintain the overall heat balance, and further improve the heat dissipation capacity of the battery pack. Not only does this increase the air flow and improve the efficiency of internal heat exchange, but it also allows the battery pack to still dissipate heat sufficiently through other inlets even if one of the heat dissipation ports is partially blocked by external factors, ensuring the reliability of the heat dissipation system. This multi-inlet single-outlet heat dissipation method helps to more quickly reduce the surface temperature of the cells.

[0103] In a specific embodiment, the other shell walls of the shell body 1 include oppositely arranged third and fourth shell walls; the third heat dissipation port 15 is at least two, one of the at least two third heat dissipation ports 15 is arranged on the third shell wall, and the other third heat dissipation port 15 is arranged on the fourth shell wall. By arranging two third heat dissipation ports 15 on the opposite third and fourth shell walls, balanced heat dissipation on both sides of the battery pack can be achieved, avoiding the problem of local overheating that may be caused by relying on only one side heat dissipation port. This design helps to maintain the overall temperature stability of the cell assembly 2, prolongs the battery life, and reduces safety hazards. The presence of multiple third heat dissipation ports 15 increases the air inlet, promotes air convection and circulation, and allows cold air to come into contact with the cell assembly 2 more quickly and extensively, improving the heat dissipation efficiency. This is particularly important during high-power discharge or charging, as it can quickly remove a large amount of heat and prevent the cells from overheating.

[0104] In a specific embodiment, the second heat dissipation port 14 and the third heat dissipation port 15 are each at least one. The sum of the flow areas of the third heat dissipation ports 15 is less than or equal to the sum of the flow areas of the second heat dissipation port 14. In this way, the problem of local overheating caused by a single airflow direction is solved. Airflow in the transverse or other directions can flow in sufficiently to ensure uniform heat dissipation of the cells, preventing performance loss or risks caused by local high temperatures. The fine layout of the heat dissipation ports can better control the temperature gradient in different areas of the device, and the multi-inlet single-outlet layout ensures sufficient air flow and heat dissipation effect when one of the heat dissipation ports fails due to external blocking or other problems, thereby ensuring the sustainability and reliability of the system.

[0105] In another specific embodiment, the second heat dissipation port 14 and the third heat dissipation port 15 are both at least one. The sum of the flow areas of the third heat dissipation port 15 is greater than the sum of the flow areas of the second heat dissipation port 14. In this way, the problem of local overheating caused by a single air flow direction is solved. The air flow in the transverse direction or other directions can flow in sufficiently to ensure uniform heat dissipation of each part of the battery cell, prevent performance loss or risk caused by local high temperature, and the fine layout of the heat dissipation port can better control the temperature gradient of different areas of the device. The multi-inlet single-outlet layout ensures that when a certain heat dissipation port fails due to external blocking or other problems, the remaining heat dissipation ports can still ensure sufficient air flow and heat dissipation effect, thereby ensuring the continuity and reliability of the system.

[0106] In the present application, the shell body 1 is further provided with a drain port 113 in communication with the accommodation cavity. The drain port 113 is arranged on other shell walls of the shell body 1 except the shell wall with the opening 13. The drain port 113 is used to drain water entering the shell body 1.

[0107] As shown in Figures 4-13 , the battery cell assembly 2 includes a unit battery cell 21, a battery cell support 22, a waterproof layer 23, and a waterproof member 24. The unit battery cell 21 is a cylindrical battery cell having a first battery cell end face 211 and a second battery cell end face 212.

[0108] As shown in Figure 5 , in one embodiment, the first battery cell end face 211 has a positive electrode end face 2111, and the positive electrode end face 2111 has a cap end face 21111 which is outwardly convex in the positive electrode end face 2111.

[0109] As shown in Figure 6 , in one embodiment, the first battery cell end face 211 has a positive electrode end face 2111, and the positive electrode end face 2111 is a planar end face.

[0110] As shown in Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 12 and Figure 13As shown, in an embodiment, the first cell end face 211 has a positive electrode end face 2111, and also has a negative electrode end face 2112, and the negative electrode end face 2112 and the positive electrode end face 2111 have a separation piece 2113 therebetween for isolating the positive electrode and the negative electrode from contact to avoid short circuit, and at the first cell end face 211, the edge of the negative electrode end face 2112 close to the center axis of the unit cell 21 is a first edge, and the exposed hole 222 exposes the first edge, and the projection distance c between the first edge and the edge in the exposed hole 222 is greater than or equal to 0.1 mm, and the exposed hole 222 has a spacing with the first edge, which not only structurally enhances insulation isolation, but also allows the waterproof layer 23 to cover the negative electrode end face 2112 and the separation piece 2113, and once the separation piece 2113 is damaged or fails due to aging, the waterproof layer 23 becomes an additional barrier to prevent water vapor from entering the cell interior, and at the same time, the waterproof layer 23 covers the negative electrode end face 2112 and the exposed hole 222, so that water vapor cannot penetrate into the cell end face from the assembly gap of the containing groove 221 along the length direction of the cell, and the positive electrode end face and the negative electrode end face 2112 are in contact, thereby avoiding potential short circuit.

[0111] As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 14 , the cell holder 22 has a containing groove 221, an exposed hole 222, a first end 223, and a second end 224, and the first end 223 of the cell holder 22 has the containing groove 221 accommodating the unit cell 21, one end of the containing groove 221 has a slot for the unit cell 21 to extend into, and the other end of the containing groove 221 has the exposed hole 222 penetrating through the cell holder 22, and the area of the exposed hole 222 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the containing groove 221 parallel to the exposed hole 222, and the area of the exposed hole 222 is smaller than the maximum area of the first cell end face 211 extending into the containing groove 221, and the form of the exposed hole 222 includes but is not limited to a circular, oval, square, etc. form; and the cell holder 22 is firmly fixed on the holder fixing seat in the housing assembly by means of welding or screw connection, etc. to provide additional structural support and shock protection.

[0112] As shown in Figure 14 , in an embodiment, the cell holder 22 has a limiting part 225 cooperating with the holder fixing seat, and the limiting part 225 has a locking piece 2251, and the form of the locking piece 2251 includes but is not limited to a threaded hole, and the locking piece 2251 is tightened by a screw, or the locking piece 2251 is a first mortise and tenon structure, and the second mortise and tenon structure on the housing assembly is buckled, etc. structure locking form, or the limiting part 225 is welded on the housing assembly, or the limiting part 225 is locked by a gluing process, etc. to realize that the cell holder 22 cannot move in the housing assembly.

[0113] As shown in Figure 12As shown, in an embodiment, the hole inner height d of the exposed hole 222 is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 2.5 mm. By setting the hole inner height d of the exposed hole 222 to be greater than or equal to 0.5 mm, effective support strength can be achieved for the unit battery cell 21, and the unit battery cell 21 can be prevented from being displaced due to vibration or other external forces during normal use, thereby improving the overall mechanical stability and safety of the battery pack. A value less than or equal to 2.5 mm helps to avoid unnecessary material usage while strengthening the support strength, thereby optimizing the weight of the battery pack and further improving energy efficiency and endurance performance. The height range design takes into account the utilization rate of the internal space of the battery cell. On the basis of ensuring strong support, reasonable setting of the hole inner height avoids unnecessary occupation of the effective space of the battery pack, so that the battery pack can maximize the capacity and energy density in a limited space.

[0114] Specifically, the waterproof layer 23 is arranged at the second end 224 of the battery cell support 22 by any one of a glue filling process or a vacuum coating process. The waterproof layer 23 covers the first battery cell end surface 211 and the second battery cell end surface 212 of the unit battery cell 21, so as to avoid a short circuit caused by contact of the first battery cell end surface 211 and the second battery cell end surface 212 with water vapor from the outside.

[0115] As shown in FIG. 1, Figures 4-13 The waterproof member 24 is arranged at the second end 224 of the battery cell support 22. The waterproof member 24 has a first end surface 241 away from the battery cell support 22 and a second end surface 242 close to the battery cell support 22. The second end surface 242 has at least a partial waterproof layer with the battery cell support 22. By additionally arranging the waterproof member 24, after the waterproof layer 23 is arranged on the battery cell support 22, subsequent assembly work does not need to wait for the waterproof layer to dry, thereby greatly improving the efficiency of the production line, reducing the waiting time, and improving the flexibility and response speed of production.

[0116] As shown in FIG. 1, Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 10 In an embodiment, the first end surface 241 has a first convex surface 2411 protruding toward the end surface of the unit battery cell 21 at the exposed hole 222, and the second end surface 242 is a flat surface. The waterproof member 24 has the first convex surface 2411 at the position of the exposed hole 222. The waterproof member 24 is arranged at the weak area of the exposed hole 222. In the case of abnormal overheating, the unit battery cell 21 usually has a high-pressure and high-temperature flame in the area of the first battery cell end surface 211. At this time, the abnormal unit battery cell 21 can quickly break through the waterproof plate at the weak area, thereby providing a safe pressure release mechanism and avoiding affecting the adjacent unit battery cell 21 or adjacent battery cell assembly 2, and preventing continuous deflagration.

[0117] As shown in FIG. 1, Figure 12 and Figure 13As shown, in an embodiment, the first end surface 241 has a first convex surface 2411 protruding towards the end surface of the unit cell 21 at the exposed hole 222, and the second end surface 242 is a flat surface. The distance b between the first convex surface 2411 and the second end surface 242 is greater than 0.3 mm and less than or equal to 3 mm. By setting the range of the distance b between the first convex surface 2411 and the second end surface 242, the thickness of the weak area can be controlled as much as possible to be more easily broken, while effectively preventing the waterproof layer from being broken due to improper operation during the pressing process. This ensures that the waterproof protection is provided while providing a clear and controlled safety pressure relief channel for abnormal conditions such as high pressure and high temperature. Furthermore, by defining the range of b, the controllability and consistency of the thickness of the weak area can be maintained during the manufacturing process, which not only ensures quality control in mass production, but also improves the stability of the production process.

[0118] As shown, Figures 7-13 In an embodiment, the second end surface 242 is a non-flat surface, and the second end surface 242 has a second convex surface 2421 protruding towards the end surface of the unit cell 21 at the exposed hole 222. The distance a-2 between the second convex surface 2421 and the positive electrode end surface 2111 is greater than or equal to 0.1 mm, or the distance a-1 between the second convex surface 2421 and the cap end surface 21111 is greater than or equal to 0.1 mm. By defining the range of a-1 and a-2, the thickness of the waterproof layer of the weak area can be controlled as much as possible to provide a clear and controlled safety pressure relief channel for abnormal conditions such as high pressure and high temperature under effective waterproof protection. Furthermore, by defining the range of a-1 and a-2, the controllability and consistency of the thickness of the weak area can be maintained during the manufacturing process, which not only ensures quality control in mass production, but also improves the stability of the production process.

[0119] As shown, Figures 7-13 In an embodiment, the second end surface 242 is a non-flat surface, and the second end surface 242 has a second convex surface 2421 protruding towards the end surface of the unit cell 21 at the exposed hole 222. The distance a-2 between the second convex surface 2421 and the positive electrode end surface 2111 is greater than or equal to 0.1 mm and less than 2 mm, or the distance a-1 between the second convex surface 2421 and the cap end surface 21111 is greater than or equal to 0.1 mm and less than 2 mm. By defining the range of a-1 and a-2, the thickness of the waterproof layer of the weak area can be controlled as much as possible to provide a clear and controlled safety pressure relief channel for abnormal conditions such as high pressure and high temperature under effective waterproof protection. Furthermore, by defining the range of a-1 and a-2, the controllability and consistency of the thickness of the weak area can be maintained during the manufacturing process, which not only ensures quality control in mass production, but also improves the stability of the production process.

[0120] As shown, Figures 7-13As shown in the embodiment, the second end face 242 has a second convex surface 2421 protruding towards the end face of the unit cell 21 at the exposed hole 222, and the distance a-2 between the second convex surface 2421 and the positive electrode end face 2111 is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than 1 mm, or the distance a-1 between the second convex surface 2421 and the cap end face 21111 is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than 1.5 mm. By defining the ranges of a-1 and a-2, the thickness of the waterproof layer of the weak area can be controlled as much as possible under effective waterproof protection, providing a clear and controlled safety pressure relief channel for abnormal conditions such as high pressure and high temperature. Furthermore, by defining the ranges of a-1 and a-2, the controllability and consistency of the thickness of the weak area can be maintained during the manufacturing process, which not only ensures quality control in mass production, but also improves the stability of the production process.

[0121] As shown in the embodiment, Figures 7-13 As shown in the embodiment, the second end face 242 has a second convex surface 2421 protruding towards the end face of the unit cell 21 at the exposed hole 222, and the distance a-2 between the second convex surface 2421 and the positive electrode end face 2111 is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than 1 mm, or the distance a-1 between the second convex surface 2421 and the cap end face 21111 is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than 1.5 mm. By defining the ranges of a-1 and a-2, the thickness of the waterproof layer of the weak area can be controlled as much as possible under effective waterproof protection, providing a clear and controlled safety pressure relief channel for abnormal conditions such as high pressure and high temperature. Furthermore, by defining the ranges of a-1 and a-2, the controllability and consistency of the thickness of the weak area can be maintained during the manufacturing process, which not only ensures quality control in mass production, but also improves the stability of the production process.

[0122] As shown in the embodiment, Figure 21 As shown in the embodiment, the waterproof member 24 is a non-metallic material with a thermal softening temperature greater than or equal to 90°, and the unit cell 21 of 60V is charged at 30A during discharging, and the temperature of the cell end face rises to about 60°. As the current intensity increases, the temperature of the cell end face also rises. In order to protect the unit cell 21 during charging and discharging, the cell usually has a high-pressure, high-temperature flame in the first cell end face 211 area in abnormal conditions. At this time, the temperature of the cell end face is usually above 100°. By setting the waterproof member 24 to a non-metallic material with a thermal softening temperature greater than or equal to 90°, the waterproof member 24 can soften itself during the abnormal heating of the unit cell 21, and the abnormal unit cell 21 can break through the weak area of the waterproof member more quickly, thereby providing a safe pressure release mechanism to avoid affecting the adjacent unit cell 21 or the adjacent cell assembly 2 from continuous detonation. At the same time, during the normal heating process of the unit cell 21, it can not be affected by the temperature rise, thereby providing stable and effective waterproof effect.

[0123] In an embodiment, the waterproof member 24 is ABS or PC or PP or PE or nylon or PA or GF. By setting the waterproof member 24 as ABS or PC or PP or PE or nylon or PA or GF, the waterproof member 24 can soften by itself in the process of abnormal cell battery 21 temperature rise, and at this time, the abnormal cell battery 21 can break through the weak area of the waterproof member more quickly, thereby providing a safe pressure release mechanism, avoiding affecting the adjacent cell battery 21 or the adjacent battery assembly 2 from continuous explosion.

[0124] In an embodiment, the waterproof member 24 is a waterproof plate with the same thickness, and the thickness is greater than or equal to 0.3 mm and less than or equal to 3 mm. The waterproof member 24 has a first convex surface 2411 and a second convex surface 2421 protruding towards the end surface of the cell battery 21 at the exposed hole 222. The first convex surface 2411 and the second convex surface are formed in the weak area of the exposed hole 222. In the case of abnormal over-temperature of the battery, there is usually a high-pressure and high-temperature fire situation in the first battery end surface 211 area. At this time, the abnormal cell battery 21 can quickly break through the weak area of the waterproof plate, thereby providing a safe pressure release mechanism, avoiding affecting the adjacent cell battery 21 or the adjacent battery assembly 2 from continuous explosion.

[0125] In an embodiment, the waterproof member 24 is a waterproof plate with uneven thickness. The thickness of the waterproof member 24 at the exposed hole 222 is less than the thickness of the waterproof member 24 outside the exposed hole 222. The waterproof member 24 is formed in the weak area of the exposed hole 222. In the case of abnormal over-temperature of the battery, there is usually a high-pressure and high-temperature fire situation in the first battery end surface 211 area. At this time, the abnormal cell battery 21 can quickly break through the weak area of the waterproof plate, thereby providing a safe pressure release mechanism, avoiding affecting the adjacent cell battery 21 or the adjacent battery assembly 2 from continuous explosion.

[0126] As shown in the drawings, Figure 4 In an embodiment, the waterproof member 24 has a positioning member 226, which is a positioning hole. The positioning column is provided on the battery holder 22, and the size of the positioning column is 1 mm-10 mm, which can achieve effective positioning.

[0127] In an embodiment, the waterproof member 24 has a positioning member 226, which is a positioning column. The size of the positioning column is 0.5 mm-2 mm, and the positioning hole is provided on the battery holder 22, which can accommodate part or all of the positioning.

[0128] In an embodiment, the waterproof member 24 is in a limited fit with the battery cell holder 22, and the embodiment includes but is not limited to a connection in the form of a mortise and tenon joint, welding, adhesive bonding, and other process connection forms.

[0129] As shown in Figures 17-20 The connecting member 42 has a single-cell detection member 421 and a connecting tab 422, the single-cell detection member 421 has a first connecting end 4211 and a second connecting end 4212, the first connecting end 4211 is connected with the connecting tab 422, the connecting tab 422 is connected with the unit cell 21 from the exposed hole 222, and the second connecting end 4212 is connected with the control panel 41 through a welding process to avoid the messy power lines connected with the control panel through the terminal, which leads to poor waterproof performance of the terminal and inconvenient maintenance in the battery pack.

[0130] In an embodiment, the second connecting end 4212 has at least a first pad 42121 corresponding to the number of unit cells 21, and the control panel 41 has at least a second pad 411 corresponding to the number of first pads 42121 of the second connecting end 4212, the area of the first pad 42121 is less than or equal to the second pad 411, by setting the area of the first pad 42121 less than or equal to the second pad 411, the smaller area of the first pad 42121 allows it to be completely attached to the larger second pad 411, reducing the risk of short circuit between adjacent pads, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the circuit, providing good thermal conduction and electrical connection, and the smaller pad acting on the larger pad in thermal expansion can reduce the mechanical stress caused by thermal expansion and contraction, thereby reducing the fatigue and potential cracking of the welding point. This configuration can increase the mechanical strength of the welding and improve the stability and durability of the connection.

[0131] In an embodiment, the second connecting end 4212 has at least a first pad 42121 corresponding to the number of unit cells 21, and the control panel 41 has at least a second pad 411 corresponding to the number of first pads 42121 of the second connecting end 4212, the first pad 42121 has at least one through hole 42122 penetrating the first pad 42121, and the aperture ratio of the through hole 42122 to the pad width of the first pad 42121 where the aperture is located is less than or equal to 1:2. By setting the aperture ratio of the through hole 42122 to the pad width of the first pad 42121 where the aperture is located to be less than or equal to 1:2, the penetration ability of the solder during welding is enhanced, the mechanical strength and the firmness of the conductive connection are improved, and the through hole allows the solder to be better filled, forming a more solid and better conductive connection.

[0132] In an embodiment, the second connecting end 4212 has at least a first pad 42121 corresponding to the number of unit cells 21, and the control board 41 has at least a second pad 411 corresponding to the number of first pads 42121 of the second connecting end 4212, and the minimum distance e between adjacent pads in the first pad 42121 and / or the second pad 411 is greater than or equal to 0.2 mm and less than or equal to 2 mm. By setting the minimum distance e between adjacent pads to be greater than or equal to 0.2 mm and less than or equal to 2 mm, the risk of short circuit caused by solder bridging or conductive particle contamination can be effectively reduced, and at the same time, the welding defects caused by manufacturing process deviation can be reduced. In the manufacturing and operation process, the increased distance provides greater error tolerance for welding and subsequent operation, enhances the safety and reliability of the overall circuit, prevents crosstalk problems between signals, improves signal integrity and transmission efficiency, and each pad area can effectively dissipate heat to avoid local overheating problems caused by excessive concentration. The increase in pad spacing allows better heat diffusion and management.

[0133] In an embodiment, the second connecting end 4212 has at least a first pad 42121 corresponding to the number of unit cells 21, and the control board 41 has at least a second pad 411 corresponding to the number of first pads 42121 of the second connecting end 4212, and the distance f between the peripheral components and the adjacent first pad 42121 welding area and / or the second pad 411 is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 25 mm. By setting f to be greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 25 mm, the distance between the pad and the peripheral components can be increased, which helps to reduce the mutual influence of electromagnetic interference. This physical isolation can reduce signal coupling on the circuit board, improve signal integrity, ensure more stable electrical performance, and at the same time, the larger component and pad spacing reduces the risk of short circuit caused by accidental contact or material bridging (such as solder overflow), providing greater safety margin for production and subsequent equipment operation. Furthermore, the increased spacing improves the heat dissipation capacity of the circuit board, allowing heat to be more effectively conducted away from high-heat areas, preventing local overheating and heat accumulation problems.

[0134] In an embodiment, the first pad 42121 and / or the second pad 411 has a tin plating thickness of 0.05-0.15 mm. By controlling the tin plating thickness to be 0.05-0.15 mm, the excessive flow of solder during welding can be reduced, and the risk of forming a solder bridge and short circuit can be reduced, thereby improving the electrical isolation effect of the welding area.

[0135] As Figure 15 and Figure 16As shown, the output pole base 3 has a terminal assembly 32, a terminal fixing base 33, the terminal fixing base 33 has a guide slot 331, a fixed end 332, and a waterproof space 333, the guide slot 331 is used to guide the tool pole to the correct insertion direction to avoid installation errors that cause short circuits, and at the same time, it can firmly hold the tool pole and ensure its effective connection with the control device 4; the fixed end 332 is used for fixed connection with the control device 4, the waterproof space 333 includes a first waterproof space 3331 and a second waterproof space 3332, the first waterproof space 3331 is the assembly gap between the terminal fixing base 33 and the terminal assembly 32 when the terminal fixing base 33 limits the terminal assembly 32, the second waterproof space 3332 is the assembly gap between the terminal fixing base 33 and the control device 4, the second waterproof space 3332 has at least one entrance 33321, the entrance 33321 is located between the terminal fixing base 33 and the control device 4, the position of the entrance 33321 is designed to facilitate the rapid and uniform infiltration and filling of the second waterproof space 3332 during the operation of the waterproof material, thereby achieving efficient waterproof effect during installation and maintenance, maintaining the safe operation of the control device for a long time, and fully filling the second waterproof space 3332 to provide a basic waterproof barrier for the terminal assembly 32, protecting the internal structure from moisture and pollutants, and causing the control panel to malfunction.

[0136] In an embodiment, the fixed end 332 has a columnar shape with a height greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 3 mm, the first end of the fixed end 332 is connected to the terminal fixing base 33, and the second end is connected to the control device 4, the fixed end 332 supports the terminal fixing base 33 so that the terminal fixing base 33 does not contact the control device 4, and the second waterproof space 3332 is the projection area of the terminal fixing base 33 on the control device 4, and the non-contact space of the terminal fixing base 33 between the control devices 4.

[0137] In an embodiment, the terminal fixing base 33 has a fixed end 332 in a convex shape on the side close to the control device 4, the fixed end 332 is connected to the control device 4, the fixed end 332 supports the terminal fixing base 33 so that the terminal fixing base 33 does not contact the control device 4, and the second waterproof space 3332 is the projection area of the terminal fixing base 33 on the control device 4, and the non-contact space of the terminal fixing base 33 between the control devices 4.

[0138] In an embodiment, the waterproof material of the first waterproof space 3331 and the second waterproof space 3332 is formed by vacuum plating and is encapsulated at one time, at which time the height distance of the inlet 33321 is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm, and / or the lowest height distance of the second waterproof space 3332 is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm. Through a distance greater than or equal to 0.5 mm, the waterproof material can be better filled in the second waterproof space 3332 under the conditions of vacuum plating process and overall size compression of the battery pack, so as to avoid the situation that the center area in the second waterproof space 3332 is not filled in place and the waterproof material in the second waterproof space 3332 is unevenly distributed.

[0139] In an embodiment, the waterproof material of the first waterproof space 3331 and the second waterproof space 3332 is formed by low-pressure injection molding and is encapsulated at one time, at which time the height distance of the inlet 33321 is greater than or equal to 0.8 mm, and / or the lowest height distance of the second waterproof space 3332 is greater than or equal to 0.8 mm. Through a distance greater than or equal to 0.8 mm, the waterproof material can be better filled in the second waterproof space 3332 under the conditions of low-pressure injection molding process and overall size compression of the battery pack, so as to avoid the situation that the center area in the second waterproof space 3332 is not filled in place and the waterproof material in the second waterproof space 3332 is unevenly distributed.

[0140] In an embodiment, the waterproof material of the first waterproof space 3331 and the second waterproof space 3332 is formed by low-pressure injection molding and is encapsulated at one time, at which time the height distance of the inlet 33321 is greater than or equal to 0.8 mm, and / or the lowest height distance of the second waterproof space 3332 is greater than or equal to 0.8 mm. Through a distance greater than or equal to 0.8 mm, the waterproof material can be better filled in the second waterproof space 3332 under the conditions of low-pressure injection molding process and overall size compression of the battery pack, so as to avoid the situation that the center area in the second waterproof space 3332 is not filled in place and the waterproof material in the second waterproof space 3332 is unevenly distributed.

[0141] The utility model has the following beneficial effects: because the first heat dissipation port 11 has a large flow area, by increasing the air intake and accelerating the air outlet flow rate, a "low resistance air intake, high flow rate heat dissipation" air circulation mode is formed, which means that the air intake of the battery pack is more sufficient, more cold air can be introduced, effectively contacted with the unit cell 21 and taken away heat. The relative position of the air inlet and the air outlet forms a directional air duct penetrating the containing cavity, ensuring that after the cold air enters the first heat dissipation port 11, it fully flows through the surface of the cell assembly 2 and then carries heat and is discharged from the second heat dissipation port 14, avoiding local heat accumulation. When the battery pack is in the running state, the large air inlet area reduces the air inflow resistance, and the small air outlet area forms a negative pressure effect by accelerating the air exhaust, which can not only maintain the internal airflow continuous flow, but also avoid the backflow of external dust or moisture due to air pressure difference, improve the system environmental adaptability, and the large flow area of the first heat dissipation port 11 ensures that there is still enough air entering even in the case of partial blockage. This design can improve the heat dissipation efficiency, so that the cell assembly 2 can dissipate heat in time and keep within the safe working temperature range.

[0142] It is obvious for those skilled in the art that the utility model is not limited to the details of the above-mentioned exemplary embodiments, and the utility model can be realized in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the utility model. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the utility model is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and therefore all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the utility model. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0143] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described in terms of embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution, and the description manner of the specification is only for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that those skilled in the art can understand.

Claims

1. A housing assembly, characterized by The shell body (1) comprises a plurality of mutually spliced shell walls, and the plurality of shell walls enclose a containing cavity for accommodating a to-be-installed battery cell assembly and a to-be-installed output tab seat; one of the plurality of shell walls is provided with an opening (13) for installing the to-be-installed output tab seat; The shell body (1) is further provided with oppositely arranged first and second heat dissipation openings (11) and (14), which are in communication with the containing cavity; at least part of the second heat dissipation opening (14) is arranged on the shell wall with the opening (13); the first heat dissipation opening (11) is an air inlet, and the second heat dissipation opening (14) is an air outlet; the flow area of the first heat dissipation opening (11) is greater than that of the second heat dissipation opening (14). The second heat dissipation opening (14) is located on one side of the opening (13), and the minimum distance between the edge of the second heat dissipation opening (14) close to the opening (13) and the edge of the opening (13) close to the second heat dissipation opening (14) is greater than or equal to 2 mm and less than or equal to 50 mm.

2. The housing assembly of claim 1, wherein, The shell body (1) is provided with a locking position (16) which is a convex structure protruding in the direction of the containing cavity to abut and limit the to-be-installed battery cell assembly; 3. The housing assembly of claim 1, wherein, The second heat dissipation opening (14) is arranged between the locking position (16) and the opening (13). The shell body (1) comprises a first end cover (18), a through shell (17) and a second end cover (19) connected in sequence, the first end cover (18) and the second end cover (19) are respectively arranged at opposite ends of the through shell (17), and the first end cover (18), the through shell (17) and the second end cover (19) jointly enclose the containing cavity; wherein:

4. The housing assembly of claim 1, wherein, The first heat dissipation opening (11) is arranged on the first end cover (18), and the second heat dissipation opening (14) is arranged on the second end cover (19); or, The first heat dissipation opening (11) and the second heat dissipation opening (14) are both arranged on the through shell (17). The shell body (1) comprises a recessed shell and an end cover connected to each other, and the recessed shell and the end cover jointly enclose the containing cavity; wherein:

5. The housing assembly of claim 1, wherein, The first heat dissipation opening (11) is arranged on the recessed shell, and the second heat dissipation opening (14) is arranged on the end cover; or, The first heat dissipation opening (11) and the second heat dissipation opening (14) are both arranged on the recessed shell. ​ 6. The housing assembly of claim 1, wherein, The shell body (1) comprises a first end cover (18), a through shell (17) and a second end cover (19) connected in sequence, the first end cover (18) and the second end cover (19) are respectively covered on opposite ends of the through shell (17), the through shell (17) comprises a first sub-shell and a second sub-shell connected with each other, the first sub-shell, the second sub-shell, the first end cover (18) and the second end cover (19) jointly form the containing cavity; wherein, The first sub-shell and the second sub-shell are arranged oppositely; or, The first sub-shell and the second sub-shell are arranged along the direction from the first end cover (18) to the second end cover (19).

7. The housing assembly of claim 6, wherein, The first heat dissipation port (11) is arranged on the first end cover (18), and the second heat dissipation port (14) is arranged on the second end cover (19); or, The first heat dissipation port (11) and the second heat dissipation port (14) are both arranged on the through shell (17).

8. The housing assembly of claim 1, wherein, The shell body (1) has a first shell wall (171) and a second shell wall (172) arranged oppositely, the opening (13) and the second heat dissipation port (14) are both arranged on the first shell wall (171), and the first heat dissipation port (11) is arranged on the second shell wall (172); wherein, the second heat dissipation port (14) is located in the middle part of the first shell wall (171); the first shell wall (171) is a strip structure, wherein: Along the length direction of the strip structure, the second heat dissipation port (14) is located in the middle part of the first shell wall (171); and / or, Along the width direction of the strip structure, the second heat dissipation port (14) is located in the middle part of the first shell wall (171).

9. The housing assembly of claim 1, wherein, The shell body (1) has a first shell wall (171) and a second shell wall (172) arranged oppositely, the opening (13) and the second heat dissipation port (14) are both arranged on the first shell wall (171), and the first heat dissipation port (11) is arranged on the second shell wall (172); Wherein, the shell body (1) is further provided with a third heat dissipation port (15) communicating with the containing cavity, and the third heat dissipation port (15) is arranged on other shell walls of the shell body (1) except the first shell wall (171) and the second shell wall (172).

10. The housing assembly of claim 9, wherein, The other shell walls of the shell body (1) include a third shell wall and a fourth shell wall arranged oppositely; the third heat dissipation port (15) is at least two, one of the at least two third heat dissipation ports (15) is arranged on the third shell wall, and the other is arranged on the fourth shell wall.

11. The housing assembly of claim 9, wherein, The second heat dissipation port (14) and the third heat dissipation port (15) are both at least one; wherein: The sum of the flow areas of the third heat dissipation ports (15) is less than or equal to the sum of the flow areas of the second heat dissipation port (14); or, The sum of the flow areas of the third heat dissipation openings (15) is greater than the sum of the flow areas of the second heat dissipation openings (14).

12. A battery pack, characterized by Comprise: The housing assembly of any one of claims 1 to 11.

13. The battery pack of claim 12, wherein, The battery pack further comprises: An output tab seat (3) disposed in the accommodating cavity of the housing assembly; the output tab seat (3) comprises a terminal assembly (32) for connecting with a tool tab extending into the accommodating cavity through the opening (13) of the housing assembly; and / or, An electric core assembly (2) disposed in the accommodating cavity of the housing assembly; the electric core assembly (2) comprises an electric core support (22) and unit electric cores (21), the unit electric cores (21) are mounted on the electric core support (22), and the electric core support (22) is used for connecting with the housing assembly.

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