Novel hydraulic drive heavy single-shaft shredding machine capable of automatically regulating speed

Abstract

The utility model discloses a novel hydraulic drive heavy single-shaft shredder capable of automatically regulating speed, which comprises a shell, the top surface of the shell is of an opening structure, the inner side of the top surface of the shell is fixedly connected with a shredding bin, the top surface of the shredding bin is of an opening structure, and one end in the shredding bin is rotatably connected with a movable knife roll. The speed change assembly is arranged in the driving component, the position of the ball spline is changed through the electric push rod, when the ball spline is located at different positions, the driving gears at different positions are meshed with the driven gears at different positions, different transmission ratios are achieved, and the rotating speed of the movable knife roller can be adjusted through the driven shaft; when materials are difficult to shred, low-speed rotation is adjusted, torsion is improved, the materials can be shredded normally, the movable knife roll is prevented from being damaged, the pressure sensor judges the difficulty degree of material shredding according to pressure, then the driving component is controlled to adjust the speed, and automatic speed adjustment is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of shredder equipment technology, specifically a new type of hydraulically driven heavy-duty single-shaft shredder with automatic speed adjustment. Background Technology

[0002] A shredder is a machine used for fine shredding. A single-shaft shredder uses a rotating moving blade and a fixed blade for shredding. Heavy-duty single-shaft shredders are widely used in industries such as waste shredding and scrap processing. For example, Chinese utility model patent CN218256156U discloses a single-shaft shredder, including a screening box and a shredding box. The shredding box is supported on top of the screening box by support columns. A drive shaft is rotatably connected between the two sides of the inner wall of the shredding box. Shredding rollers are mounted on the drive shaft. An adjusting plate is rotatably connected to the front of the inner wall of the shredding box. A T-slot is formed at the bottom of the adjusting plate, and a slider is slidably connected inside the T-slot. However, current single-shaft shredders have the following drawbacks:

[0003] Single-shaft shredders handle a variety of materials, which leads to a large variation in the hardness of the materials during shredding. However, current single-shaft shredders do not have speed adjustment capabilities. When shredding easier-to-shred materials, the moving blades rotate at a relatively slow speed, resulting in lower efficiency. When encountering harder materials, the moving blades rotate at a relatively fast speed, resulting in lower torque and making it difficult to shred the materials. The faster speed can also easily damage the moving blades.

[0004] To address these issues, we propose a novel hydraulically driven heavy-duty single-shaft shredder with automatic speed adjustment. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a novel hydraulically driven heavy-duty single-shaft shredder with automatic speed adjustment to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a novel hydraulically driven heavy-duty single-shaft shredder with automatic speed adjustment, comprising a casing, the top surface of which is an open structure, a shredding chamber fixedly connected to the inner side of the top surface of the casing, the top surface of which is an open structure, a moving blade roller rotatably connected to one end of the shredding chamber, a blade holder fixedly connected to the side wall of the shredding chamber near the moving blade roller, a fixed blade fixedly connected to the side of the blade holder near the moving blade roller, a pressure sensor fixedly embedded in the side wall of the shredding chamber, the pressure sensor contacting the blade holder, and a driving component provided on the outer wall of the casing;

[0007] The drive component includes a transmission chamber fixed to the outer wall of the housing. A drive motor and a reducer are fixed to the bottom surface inside the transmission chamber. The main shaft is horizontally rotatably connected to the transmission chamber at the coaxial position of the moving cutter roller. The end of the main shaft passes through the side walls of the transmission chamber, the housing, and the shredding chamber and is fixed to the rotating shaft end of the moving cutter roller. A speed change component is provided inside the transmission chamber.

[0008] The transmission assembly includes a housing fixedly mounted inside the transmission compartment. The housing is horizontally rotatably connected to a drive shaft and a driven shaft. The drive shaft and the driven shaft are at the same height. A second driven pulley is fixedly connected to one end of the drive shaft on the outside of the housing, and a third drive pulley is fixedly connected to one end of the driven shaft on the outside of the housing. A drive gear, a drive pinion, and a drive intermediate gear are fixedly sleeved on the drive shaft inside the housing. The drive pinion is located between the drive gear and the drive intermediate gear. A splined shaft is fixedly sleeved on the driven shaft inside the housing. A ball spline is slidably sleeved on the splined shaft. A driven pinion is fixedly sleeved on the ball spline near the drive gear. A driven intermediate gear is fixedly sleeved on the ball spline near the drive gear. A driven gear is fixedly sleeved on the ball spline at the center. The distance between the drive intermediate gear and the drive gear is greater than the distance between the driven pinion and the driven intermediate gear. A third driven pulley is fixedly sleeved on the main shaft. A third synchronous belt is sleeved on the third drive pulley and the third driven pulley.

[0009] Preferably, an electric push rod is fixedly embedded in the side wall of the housing. The output shaft of the electric push rod is located inside the housing and fixedly connected to a gear frame. The gear frame is rotatably sleeved with a ball spline. A rotating opening is opened on the gear frame. The driven pinion, driven large gear, and driven medium gear are located inside the rotating opening. Two rotating rings are fixedly connected to the driven pinion and driven medium gear on opposite sides. Two arc grooves are opened on both sides of the rotating opening. The rotating rings are slidably connected to the two arc grooves. Four guide holes are horizontally opened at the four corners of the gear frame. Four guide rods are horizontally fixedly connected to the housing at the positions corresponding to the four guide holes. The guide rods are slidably sleeved with the guide holes.

[0010] Preferably, a first driving pulley is fixedly connected to the shaft end of the drive motor, a first driven pulley is fixedly connected to the input shaft of the reducer, a second driving pulley is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the reducer, a first synchronous belt is sleeved on the first driving pulley and the first driven pulley, and a second synchronous belt is sleeved on the second driving pulley and the second driven pulley.

[0011] Preferably, a cover is fixed to the top surface of the machine housing, a feed inlet is vertically opened on the cover near the moving cutter roller, a feeding hopper is fixed to the top surface of the cover at the feed inlet, a special-shaped guide plate is fixed to the inside of the machine housing near the moving cutter roller, and a material receiving door is rotatably connected to the machine housing near the special-shaped guide plate.

[0012] Preferably, a pusher block is horizontally slidably arranged inside the shredding chamber, and an opening is opened at the bottom of one end of the shredding chamber, with an arc-shaped filter plate fixedly connected inside the opening.

[0013] Preferably, the shredding chamber is horizontally fixed to a hydraulic push rod at the end away from the moving cutter roller, the pusher block has a cavity at the end near the hydraulic push rod, the end of the hydraulic push rod is fixed to the side wall of the cavity, and the pusher block is fixed to a pusher plate at the end near the moving cutter roller.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0015] This invention incorporates a speed-changing component in the drive unit. By changing the position of the ball spline via an electric push rod, different driving gears mesh with different driven gears in different positions, achieving different transmission ratios. This allows for speed adjustment of the moving blade roller via the driven shaft. For easily shredded materials, a faster rotation speed is adjusted for efficient shredding, while for difficult-to-shred materials, a slower rotation speed is adjusted to increase torque, ensuring proper shredding and preventing damage to the moving blade roller. A pressure sensor determines the shredding difficulty based on pressure, thereby controlling the speed of the drive unit and achieving automatic speed regulation. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 These are schematic diagrams of the main structure in the first and second embodiments of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 These are schematic diagrams of the main body cross-section structure in the first and second embodiments of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 These are cross-sectional structural diagrams of the drive component in the first and second embodiments of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 These are cross-sectional structural diagrams of the transmission component in the first and second embodiments of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the transmission component on the other side in the first and second embodiments of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the drive motor and reducer in the second embodiment of this utility model.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Casing; 2. Shredding chamber; 3. Drive unit; 11. Cover; 12. Opening; 13. Feed hopper; 14. Irregular guide plate; 15. Feed gate; 21. Moving cutter roller; 22. Cutter holder; 23. Fixed cutter; 24. Pressure sensor; 25. Through port; 26. Arc-shaped filter plate; 27. Hydraulic push rod; 28. Pushing block; 29. ​​Pushing plate; 210. Cavity; 31. Transmission chamber; 32. Drive motor; 33. Reducer; 34. Speed ​​change assembly; 35. Main shaft; 36. First driving pulley; 37. First driven pulley; 38. First synchronous belt; 39. Second driving pulley; 310. Second synchronous belt. 311. Third driven pulley; 312. Third synchronous belt; 341. Housing; 342. Drive shaft; 343. Driven shaft; 344. Second driven pulley; 345. Third drive pulley; 346. Drive large gear; 347. Drive small gear; 348. Drive medium gear; 349. Splined shaft; 3410. Ball spline; 3411. Driven small gear; 3412. Driven large gear; 3413. Drive medium gear; 3414. Gear frame; 3415. Electric actuator; 3416. Rotary opening; 3417. Arc groove; 3418. Rotary ring; 3419. Guide rod; 3420. Guide hole. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0024] Example 1:

[0025] Please see Figures 1-5 This utility model provides a technical solution: a novel hydraulically driven heavy-duty single-shaft shredder with automatic speed adjustment, including a housing 1, the top surface of the housing 1 is an open structure, a shredding chamber 2 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the top surface of the housing 1, the top surface of the shredding chamber 2 is an open structure, one end of the shredding chamber 2 is rotatably connected to a moving blade roller 21, a blade holder 22 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the shredding chamber 2 near the moving blade roller 21, a fixed blade 23 is fixedly connected to the side of the blade holder 22 near the moving blade roller 21, a pressure sensor 24 is fixedly embedded in the side wall of the shredding chamber 2, the pressure sensor 24 contacts the blade holder 22, a drive component 3 is provided on the outer side wall of the housing 1, the pressure sensor 24 is used to detect the force on the fixed blade 23, when the force is large, it means that the material is difficult to shred, when the force is small, it means that the material is easy to shred, thereby judging the difficulty of shredding the material, and using this as a basis to control the speed adjustment of the drive component 3;

[0026] The drive component 3 includes a transmission chamber 31 fixed to the outer wall of the housing 1. The bottom surface inside the transmission chamber 31 is fixed to a drive motor 32 and a reducer 33. The main shaft 35 is horizontally rotatably connected to the transmission chamber 31 at the coaxial position of the moving cutter roller 21. The end of the main shaft 35 passes through the side walls of the transmission chamber 31, the housing 1 and the shredding chamber 2 and is fixed to the shaft end of the moving cutter roller 21. A speed change component 34 is provided inside the transmission chamber 31.

[0027] The transmission assembly 34 includes a housing 341 fixedly mounted within the transmission compartment 31. The housing 341 is horizontally rotatably connected to a drive shaft 342 and a driven shaft 343. The drive shaft 342 and the driven shaft 343 are at the same height. A second driven pulley 344 is fixedly connected to one end of the drive shaft 342 located outside the housing 341. A third drive pulley 345 is fixedly connected to one end of the driven shaft 343 located outside the housing 341. A drive large gear 346 and a drive small gear 345 are fixedly sleeved on the drive shaft 342 located inside the housing 341. 47 and driving gear 348, driving pinion 347 is located between driving gear 346 and driving gear 348, driven shaft 343 is located inside housing 341 and fixedly sleeved with spline shaft 349, ball spline 3410 is slidably sleeved on spline shaft 349, driven pinion 3411 is fixedly sleeved on ball spline 3410 near driving gear 346, driven gear 3413 is fixedly sleeved on ball spline 3410 near driving gear 348, ball... The driven large gear 3412 is fixedly sleeved at the upper middle position of the spline 3410. The distance between the driving medium gear 348 and the driving large gear 346 is greater than the distance between the driven small gear 3411 and the driven medium gear 3413. The third driven pulley 311 is fixedly sleeved on the main shaft 35. The third synchronous belt 312 is sleeved on the third driving pulley 345 and the third driven pulley 311. The ball spline 3410 can slide on the spline shaft 349. When in different positions, the driving gear and the driven gear in different positions are... The gear meshing specifically involves the driving large gear 346 meshing with the driven small gear 3411, the driving small gear 347 meshing with the driven large gear 3412, or the driving medium gear 348 meshing with the driven medium gear 3413, to achieve different transmission ratios. This allows the rotational speed of the moving blade roller 21 to be adjusted via the driven shaft 343. For easily shredded materials, a faster rotation speed is adjusted to achieve high-efficiency shredding. For difficult-to-shred materials, a slower rotation speed is adjusted to increase torque, ensuring proper shredding and preventing damage to the moving blade roller 21.

[0028] Example 2:

[0029] Please see Figures 1-6This is the second embodiment of the present invention. Based on the previous embodiment, an electric push rod 3415 is fixedly embedded in the side wall of the housing 341. The output shaft of the electric push rod 3415 is located inside the housing 341 and fixedly connected to a gear carrier 3414. The gear carrier 3414 rotatably engages with a ball spline 3410. A revolving opening 3416 is provided on the gear carrier 3414. The driven pinion 3411, driven large gear 3412, and driven intermediate gear 3413 are located within the revolving opening 3416. Two rotating rings 34 are fixedly connected to the driven pinion 3411 and driven intermediate gear 3413 on opposite sides. 18. Two arc grooves 3417 are respectively opened on both sides of the turn 3416. The swivel ring 3418 is slidably connected to the two arc grooves 3417. Four guide holes 3420 are horizontally opened at the four corners of the gear frame 3414. Four guide rods 3419 are horizontally fixed inside the housing 341 at the corresponding positions of the four guide holes 3420. The guide rods 3419 are slidably sleeved with the guide holes 3420. The gear frame 3414 is moved by the electric push rod 3415, thereby changing the position of the ball spline 3410, so that the driving gear at different positions meshes with the driven gear at different positions, thereby changing the speed of the driven shaft 343.

[0030] The first drive pulley 36 is fixedly connected to the shaft end of the drive motor 32, the first driven pulley 37 is fixedly connected to the input shaft of the reducer 33, the second drive pulley 39 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the reducer 33, the first synchronous belt 38 is sleeved on the first drive pulley 36 and the first driven pulley 37, and the second synchronous belt 310 is sleeved on the second drive pulley 39 and the second driven pulley 344.

[0031] A cover 11 is fixed to the top surface of the housing 1. A feed inlet 12 is vertically opened on the cover 11 near the moving cutter roller 21. A feeding hopper 13 is fixed to the top surface of the cover 11 at the feed inlet 12. A special-shaped guide plate 14 is fixed to the inside of the housing 1 near the moving cutter roller 21. A material pick-up door 15 is rotatably connected to the housing 1 near the special-shaped guide plate 14.

[0032] A pusher block 28 is horizontally slidably arranged inside the shredding chamber 2. An opening 25 is opened at the bottom of one end of the moving cutter roller 21 in the shredding chamber 2, and an arc-shaped filter plate 26 is fixedly connected inside the opening 25.

[0033] The shredding chamber 2 is horizontally fixed to a hydraulic push rod 27 at one end away from the moving cutter roller 21. A cavity 210 is opened at one end of the pusher block 28 near the hydraulic push rod 27. The end of the hydraulic push rod 27 is fixed to the side wall of the cavity 210. A pusher plate 29 is fixed to one end of the pusher block 28 near the moving cutter roller 21. This is used to push the material to the moving cutter roller 21 for shredding.

[0034] Example 3:

[0035] Please see Figures 1-6This is the third embodiment of the present invention, based on the above two embodiments. In use, material is fed into the shredding chamber 2 from the feeding hopper 13. The hydraulic push rod 27 drives the pusher block 28 to move, pushing the material to the position of the moving cutter roller 21 for shredding. The shredded material falls from the arc-shaped filter plate 26 to the side of the irregular guide plate 14, completing the shredding process. During shredding, the pressure sensor 24 judges the ease of shredding based on the pressure, thereby adjusting the speed change component 34 to change the rotational speed of the moving cutter roller 21. During speed change, the drive motor 32 stops, and the electric push rod 3415 changes the position of the ball spline 3410, causing the driving gear at different positions to mesh with the driven gear at different positions, via the driven shaft 34. 3. To change the rotational speed of the moving blade roller 21: This utility model sets a speed-changing component 34 in the drive component 3. The position of the ball spline 3410 is changed by the electric push rod 3415. When in different positions, the driving gear in different positions meshes with the driven gear in different positions to achieve different transmission ratios. Thus, the rotational speed of the moving blade roller 21 can be adjusted by the driven shaft 343. For easily shredded materials, the rotation speed is adjusted to be fast to achieve high-efficiency shredding. For difficult-to-shred materials, the rotation speed is adjusted to be slow to increase torque and can shred materials normally, avoiding damage to the moving blade roller 21. The pressure sensor 24 judges the difficulty of shredding the material based on the pressure, and then controls the speed adjustment of the drive component 3 to achieve automatic speed adjustment.

[0036] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A novel hydraulically driven heavy-duty single-shaft shredder with automatic speed adjustment, comprising a casing (1), characterized in that: The top surface of the housing (1) is an open structure. A shredding chamber (2) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the top surface of the housing (1). The top surface of the shredding chamber (2) is an open structure. A moving blade roller (21) is rotatably connected to one end of the shredding chamber (2). A blade holder (22) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the shredding chamber (2) near the moving blade roller (21). A fixed blade (23) is fixedly connected to the side of the blade holder (22) near the moving blade roller (21). A pressure sensor (24) is fixedly embedded in the side wall of the shredding chamber (2). The pressure sensor (24) contacts the blade holder (22). A drive component (3) is provided on the outer side wall of the housing (1). The drive component (3) includes a transmission chamber (31) fixed to the outer wall of the housing (1). The bottom surface inside the transmission chamber (31) is fixed to a drive motor (32) and a reducer (33). The transmission chamber (31) is located at the same coaxial position as the moving cutter roller (21) and is horizontally rotatably connected to the main shaft (35). The end of the main shaft (35) passes through the side walls of the transmission chamber (31), the housing (1) and the shredding chamber (2) and is fixed to the shaft end of the moving cutter roller (21). The transmission chamber (31) is provided with a speed change component (34). The transmission assembly (34) includes a housing (341) fixedly mounted inside the transmission compartment (31). The housing (341) is horizontally rotatably connected to a drive shaft (342) and a driven shaft (343). The drive shaft (342) and the driven shaft (343) are at the same height. A second driven pulley (344) is fixedly connected to one end of the drive shaft (342) outside the housing (341). A third drive pulley (345) is fixedly connected to one end of the driven shaft (343) outside the housing (341). The drive shaft (342) is fixedly sleeved with a large drive gear (346), a small drive gear (347), and a medium drive gear (348) inside the housing (341). The small drive gear (347) is located between the large drive gear (346) and the medium drive gear (348). The driven shaft (343) is located inside the housing (341). 41) A spline shaft (349) is fixedly sleeved inside the spindle. A ball spline (3410) is slidably sleeved on the spline shaft (349). A driven pinion (3411) is fixedly sleeved on the ball spline (3410) near the driving large gear (346). A driven medium gear (3413) is fixedly sleeved on the ball spline (3410) near the driving medium gear (348). A driven large gear (3412) is fixedly sleeved on the middle part of the ball spline (3410). The distance between the driving medium gear (348) and the driving large gear (346) is greater than the distance between the driven pinion (3411) and the driven medium gear (3413). A third driven pulley (311) is fixedly sleeved on the main shaft (35). A third synchronous belt (312) is sleeved on the third driving pulley (345) and the third driven pulley (311).

2. The novel hydraulically driven heavy-duty single-shaft shredder with automatic speed adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that: An electric push rod (3415) is fixedly embedded in the side wall of the housing (341). The output shaft of the electric push rod (3415) is located inside the housing (341) and fixedly connected to a gear carrier (3414). The gear carrier (3414) is rotatably sleeved with a ball spline (3410). A revolving opening (3416) is opened on the gear carrier (3414). The driven pinion (3411), driven large gear (3412), and driven medium gear (3413) are located in the revolving opening (3416). The driven pinion (3411) Two rotating rings (3418) are fixedly connected to the driven gear (3413) on one side away from each other. Two arc grooves (3417) are opened on both sides of the rotating opening (3416). The rotating ring (3418) is slidably connected to the two arc grooves (3417). Four guide holes (3420) are horizontally opened at the four corners of the gear frame (3414). Four guide rods (3419) are horizontally fixed in the housing (341) corresponding to the four guide holes (3420). The guide rods (3419) are slidably sleeved in the guide holes (3420).

3. The novel hydraulically driven heavy-duty single-shaft shredder with automatic speed adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first drive pulley (36) is fixedly connected to the shaft end of the drive motor (32), the first driven pulley (37) is fixedly connected to the input shaft of the reducer (33), the second drive pulley (39) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the reducer (33), the first drive pulley (36) and the first driven pulley (37) are fitted with a first synchronous belt (38), and the second drive pulley (39) and the second driven pulley (344) are fitted with a second synchronous belt (310).

4. The novel hydraulically driven heavy-duty single-shaft shredder with automatic speed adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top surface of the housing (1) is fixed to the cover (11), and the cover (11) has a vertical feed port (12) near the moving cutter roller (21). The cover (11) is fixed to the top surface of the feed port (12) and the feed hopper (13) is fixed to the top surface of the feed port (12). The inside of the housing (1) is fixed to the irregular guide plate (14) near the moving cutter roller (21). The housing (1) is rotatably connected to the material pick-up door (15) near the irregular guide plate (14).

5. A novel hydraulically driven heavy-duty single-shaft shredder with automatic speed adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pusher block (28) is horizontally slidably arranged inside the shredding chamber (2). An opening (25) is opened at the bottom of one end of the moving cutter roller (21) of the shredding chamber (2). An arc-shaped filter plate (26) is fixed inside the opening (25).

6. A novel hydraulically driven heavy-duty single-shaft shredder with automatic speed adjustment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The shredding chamber (2) is horizontally fixed to a hydraulic push rod (27) at the end away from the moving cutter roller (21). The pusher block (28) has a cavity (210) at the end near the hydraulic push rod (27). The end of the hydraulic push rod (27) is fixed to the side wall of the cavity (210). The pusher block (28) is fixed to a pusher plate (29) at the end near the moving cutter roller (21).

Images