Saddle, spindle and five-axis machine tool

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model provides a saddle, a spindle and a five-axis machine tool. The saddle is used for installing the main shaft, the saddle is of a hollow cylinder structure, and the main shaft is arranged in the hollow part of the saddle in a sleeved mode; at least two opposite side faces of the saddle are provided with preset positions where sliding blocks need to be installed. At the preset position, a groove is formed in the outer side face of the saddle, and a through hole penetrating through the bottom of the groove is formed in the groove; the sliding block is installed at the position, corresponding to the groove, of the inner side wall of the saddle, and the first connecting piece is installed in the groove so as to be fixedly connected with the sliding block. According to the saddle structure, the gravity center balance of the main shaft is improved, the sliding block can be conveniently installed, the installation cost is reduced, the installation efficiency is improved, the situation that a high-precision sliding block cannot be installed on the inner side of a hollow cylinder originally becomes possible, and the sliding block is attached to the inner side wall of the saddle more tightly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of data machine tool processing technology, specifically to a five-axis machine tool. Background Technology

[0002] The overhead gantry / cradle five-axis machining center is a high-precision CNC machining equipment widely used in aerospace, automotive manufacturing, mold making, and other fields. Its main feature is its ability to perform complex machining in multiple axes, providing high efficiency and high precision.

[0003] A five-axis machine tool includes a spindle, which drives the cutting tool to move up and down. Therefore, the spindle is mounted on the machine tool via a sliding block and guide rail mechanism. In this field, there is a continuous pursuit of improving the precision and accuracy of spindle sliding control. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides a saddle, spindle, and five-axis machine tool to solve or alleviate one or more technical problems in the prior art.

[0005] As a first aspect of the embodiments of this application, this application provides a saddle for mounting a spindle. The saddle is a hollow cylindrical structure, and the spindle is sleeved inside the hollow part of the saddle. The saddle has preset positions for sliders to be installed on at least two opposite sides. At the preset positions, a groove is provided on the outer side of the saddle, and a through hole is provided in the groove to penetrate the bottom of the groove. So that the slider can be installed from the inner side wall of the saddle at the position corresponding to the groove, and a first connector is inserted into the groove to be fixedly connected to the slider.

[0006] In one embodiment, the two opposite first sides of the saddle are provided with preset positions, and the number of preset positions provided on each first side is greater than or equal to four.

[0007] In one embodiment, the two opposite second sides of the saddle are provided with crossbeams to mount the saddle on the machine tool.

[0008] In one embodiment, the through hole is used to mount a gasket to prevent a hollow space from forming between the slider and the first connector.

[0009] In one embodiment, the thickness of the gasket is greater than the depth of the through hole.

[0010] In one embodiment, the thickness of the gasket is 6 / 5 to 4 / 3 of the depth of the through hole.

[0011] In one embodiment, the saddle is made in one piece.

[0012] As a second aspect of the present application, the present application provides a spindle, including a spindle body and at least two slide rails fixed to the side wall of the spindle body; the spindle body is a square column spindle, and the at least two slide rails are distributed on at least two opposite sides of the spindle body.

[0013] As a third aspect of the embodiments of this application, this application provides a five-axis machine tool, including:

[0014] Two support bases, both of which are fixed to the machine tool frame;

[0015] The first sliding member includes two sliding plates, which are respectively mounted on two support bases;

[0016] The saddle is any of the saddles in the above embodiments, and the saddle is mounted on two sliding plates and slidably connected to the sliding plates.

[0017] The main axis is the main axis of any of the above embodiments.

[0018] In one embodiment, the five-axis machine tool further includes a second connector for connecting the two sliding plates.

[0019] The embodiments of this application employ the saddle structure described above, which not only improves the center of gravity balance of the spindle but also facilitates the installation of the slider, reduces installation costs, and improves installation efficiency. This makes it possible to install a high-precision slider inside a hollow column, which was previously thought to be impossible, and the slider fits more tightly against the inner wall of the saddle.

[0020] The above overview is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be limiting in any way. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments, and features described above, further aspects, embodiments, and features of this application will become readily apparent from the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. Attached Figure Description

[0021] In the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise specified, the same reference numerals throughout the various drawings denote the same or similar parts or elements. These drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. It should be understood that these drawings depict only some embodiments disclosed in this application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application.

[0022] Figure 1 An exploded structural diagram of a saddle according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a five-axis machine tool according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0024] Figure 3 Show Figure 1A magnified view of a portion of position A in the diagram. Detailed Implementation

[0025] In the following description, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, the drawings and description are considered to be exemplary in nature and not restrictive.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this application embodiment provides a saddle 500 for mounting a spindle 400. The saddle 500 is a hollow cylindrical structure, and the spindle 400 is sleeved inside the hollow part of the saddle 500. The saddle 500 has preset positions for sliders 510 to be installed on at least two opposite sides. At the preset positions, a groove 501 is provided on the outer side of the saddle 500, and a through hole 502 is provided in the groove 501 to penetrate the bottom of the groove 501. This allows the slider 510 to be installed from the inner side wall of the saddle 500 corresponding to the position of the groove 501, and a first connector 520 is inserted into the groove 501 to be fixedly connected to the slider 510.

[0027] In existing technologies, the spindle 400 is directly slidably mounted on the saddle 500, with only one contact surface between the spindle 400 and the saddle 500 support; that is, only one side of the spindle 400 is slidably connected. Due to the relatively heavy weight of the spindle 400, with only one slidably connected surface, the weight of the spindle 400 can easily cause its center of gravity to tilt. Consequently, during the control of the spindle 400's sliding motion, this tilted center of gravity may cause the sliding position to deviate from the preset sliding position, affecting the accuracy of the sliding control and consequently the processing effect on the target object.

[0028] The saddle 500 provided in this embodiment is a closed cylindrical structure, which can support the spindle 400 from all directions around it, avoid instability of the spindle 400's center of gravity, and thus improve the sliding control accuracy of the spindle 400.

[0029] Furthermore, the existing technology involves directly nailing the slider 510 to the saddle 500. Since it needs to be installed on one side, it can be directly fixed by thread.

[0030] In this embodiment, since the saddle 500 is a closed cylindrical shape, direct thread fixing would be very inconvenient. Furthermore, during the machining of the saddle 500, it is difficult to achieve the required precision for the inner wall of the saddle 500, making it difficult to meet the precision requirements for the sliding of the spindle 400. Specifically, low precision of the inner wall results in numerous rough protrusions. When the slider 510 is installed, it may not fully conform to the inner wall. During the sliding of the slide rail 410, the slider 510 will wobble due to the varying heights of these protrusions, causing the slide rail 410 to shift and affecting the sliding accuracy of the spindle 400.

[0031] In one example, the process of installing the slider 510 on the saddle 500 can be as follows: First, insert the first connector 520 into the groove 501, fitting it against the bottom of the groove 501. The size of the first connector 520 is adapted to the size of the groove 501. Then, insert a soft shim into the through hole 502 from the other side of the sub-side plate, filling the through hole 502. Next, attach the slider 510 against the side of the sub-side plate, and then thread it through the threaded hole to fix the slider 510.

[0032] The embodiment of this application adopts the saddle 500 structure described above, which not only improves the center of gravity balance of the spindle 400, but also facilitates the installation of the slider 510, reduces installation costs, and improves installation efficiency. It makes it possible to install a high-precision slider 510 on the inside of a hollow column, which was originally thought to be impossible, and the slider 510 fits more tightly with the inner wall of the saddle 500.

[0033] In one embodiment, the two opposite first sides of the saddle 500 are provided with preset positions, and the number of preset positions provided on each first side is greater than or equal to four.

[0034] The preset position is used to install the slider 510. Usually, in order to improve the sliding accuracy of the slide rail 410, a slide rail 410 is configured with at least two sliders 510.

[0035] In this embodiment of the application, four or more sliders 510 are provided on each first side, that is, two slide rails 410 are provided on each first side, and two slide rails 410 are provided on each of the two opposite first sides. This can make the supporting force of the spindle 400 balanced from all directions and improve the center of gravity stability of the spindle 400 during the sliding process.

[0036] In one embodiment, the saddle 500 has crossbeams 530 on its two opposite second sides to mount the saddle 500 on the machine tool support 100.

[0037] The crossbeam 530 is offset from the groove 501, and the crossbeam 530 is connected to the opposite sliding plate 300. By offsetting the crossbeam 530 from the preset position for mounting the slider 510, the structure of the saddle 500 is more stable, and more operating space is provided when installing the slider 510, further improving the convenience of installation.

[0038] In one embodiment, the through hole 502 is used to install a gasket to prevent a hollow space from forming between the slider 510 and the first connector 520. The gasket is a soft gasket. The gasket can be a cork gasket, a soft silicone gasket, a soft rubber screw washer, or a rubber gasket, etc.

[0039] In one embodiment, the thickness of the gasket is greater than the depth of the through hole 502.

[0040] In one embodiment, the thickness of the gasket is 6 / 5 to 4 / 3 of the depth of the through hole 502.

[0041] The depth of the through hole 502 is less than the depth of the first groove 501. The depth of the through hole 502 can be smaller, and the thickness of the soft pad can be greater than the depth of the through hole 502, so that the soft pad can protrude from the side of the sub-side plate and contact the body of the slider 510. Then, the first groove 501 and the body of the slider 510 are fixed by threads, so that the body of the slider 510 has elastic force when it is attached to the sub-side plate, which will bounce the body of the slider 510 back to contact the slide rail 410, thereby enhancing the stability and accuracy of the slide rail 410 during the sliding process.

[0042] In one embodiment, the saddle 500 is integrally molded, which can reduce the processing cost of the saddle 500 and enhance the stability of the saddle 500, and can prevent the connection position from becoming loose during sliding.

[0043] This application embodiment also provides a spindle 400, including a spindle 400 body and at least two slide rails 410 fixed to the side wall of the spindle 400 body; the spindle 400 body is a square column spindle 400, and the at least two slide rails 410 are distributed on at least two opposite sides of the spindle 400 body.

[0044] The design of the square-column spindle 400 allows for the installation of slide rails 410 on opposite sides of the spindle 400, making it easier to find the installation position of the slide rails 410 that balances the spindle 400. This application also provides a five-axis machine tool, including two support seats 200, a first sliding member, a saddle 500, and a spindle 400.

[0045] Both support bases 200 are fixed to the machine tool frame; the machine tool frame can be erected on the ground.

[0046] The first sliding member includes two sliding plates 300, which are respectively mounted on two support seats 200.

[0047] The saddle 500 is any embodiment of the above-described saddle 500, which is mounted on two sliding plates 300 and slidably connected to the sliding plates 300, forming four inner sidewalls.

[0048] The spindle 400 is the spindle 400 in any of the above embodiments. The spindle 400 is a square spindle 400 adapted to the structure of the saddle 500, and the spindle 400 is mounted on the four inner sidewalls and slidably connected to the four inner sidewalls.

[0049] A cutting tool is provided at the end of the spindle 400. During the sliding of the spindle 400, the cutting tool moves up and down, thereby enabling the cutting tool to process the target object at different positions. The spindle 400 is a square spindle 400 adapted to the structure of the saddle 500, so that the spindle 400 is mounted on and slidably connected to the four inner sidewalls, thereby supporting the spindle 400 from four positions on the spindle 400. This ensures that the spindle 400 is subjected to the force of the four inner sidewalls during the sliding process, resulting in uniform weight distribution and more precise control of the sliding position.

[0050] Compared to existing five-axis machine tools, which typically only have slide rails 410 on one side, this design results in uneven force distribution on both sides of the spindle 400 due to the influence of the spindle's gravity, which affects the control accuracy of the tool's movement position.

[0051] This application provides a five-axis machine tool to improve the accuracy of CNC machining. Specifically, this application improves the control accuracy during the CNC machining process by enhancing the sliding control accuracy of the spindle 400 during its sliding process.

[0052] In one embodiment, both sliding plates 300 are perpendicularly disposed to both support bases 200, and the bottoms of both sliding plates 300 are slidably connected to both support bases 200.

[0053] In this embodiment of the five-axis machine tool, the spindle 400 is mounted within a saddle 500 and slides up and down within the saddle 500 to achieve displacement in the Z-axis direction. Furthermore, the saddle 500 is positioned between two sliding plates 300, and the sliding of the sliding plates 300 causes the saddle 500 to slide, achieving sliding of the spindle 400 in the X-axis direction. The saddle 500 can also slide within the two sliding plates 300 along their extension directions, achieving sliding of the spindle 400 in the Y-axis direction. This allows the spindle 400 to move to a target position in three-dimensional space.

[0054] In one embodiment, a second connector 320 is further included for connecting the two sliding plates 300. The second connector 320 can be used to connect the two sliding plates 300 at one end, or the second connector 320 can be used to connect the two sliding plates 300 at both ends, so that the distance between the two sliding plates 300 is fixed and will not compress the saddle 500.

[0055] It is understandable that the two sliding plates 300 are set parallel to each other or as parallel as possible to facilitate the smooth sliding of the saddle 500.

[0056] The two support bases 200 are also set in parallel or as parallel as possible to facilitate the smooth sliding of the two sliding plates 300.

[0057] Connecting the two sliding plates 300 via the second connector 320 facilitates the synchronous movement of the two sliding plates 300, and driving the second connector 320 can move the two sliding plates 300.

[0058] In a preferred example, both ends of the two sliding plates 300 are connected by a second connector 320.

[0059] The height of the sliding plate 300 needs to be adapted to the sliding space of the spindle 400 along the Z-axis direction. Therefore, the height of the sliding plate 300 is relatively high, and the height of the second connector 320 can be lower than the height of the sliding plate 300 to facilitate the installation of the second connector 320.

[0060] In one embodiment, a first driving mechanism is further included for driving the sliding plate 300 to slide along the support base 200, that is, driving the second connecting member 320 to slide.

[0061] In one embodiment, the first driving mechanism includes: a first driving motor, a first lead screw, a first nut seat, and a first fixed seat. The first lead screw is arranged parallel to the support seat 200, and the first nut seat is fixedly connected to the second connecting member 320.

[0062] In this embodiment, the second connecting member 320 is driven to slide along the support base 200 via a lead screw drive. The first driving mechanism is configured as follows: Figure 1 As shown.

[0063] Preferably, a first driving mechanism is provided at both ends of the two sliding plates 300 to make the sliding balance at both ends of the two sliding plates 300, so as to facilitate precise control of the displacement of the main shaft 400.

[0064] Other configurations of the five-axis machine tool in the above embodiments can be derived from various technical solutions now and in the future known to those skilled in the art, and will not be described in detail here.

[0065] In the description of this specification, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "transverse," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0066] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0067] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0068] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0069] The foregoing disclosure provides many different implementations or examples for carrying out different structures of this application. To simplify the disclosure, specific examples of components and arrangements are described above. Of course, these are merely examples and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples; such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various implementations and / or arrangements discussed.

[0070] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various variations or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application, and these should all be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A saddle for mounting a spindle, characterized in that The saddle is a hollow cylindrical structure, and the main shaft is sleeved inside the hollow part of the saddle. The saddle has preset positions for the slider to be installed on at least two opposite sides. At the preset positions, a groove is provided on the outer side of the saddle, and a through hole is provided in the groove to penetrate the bottom of the groove. The slider is installed from the inner side wall of the saddle at the position corresponding to the groove, and a first connector is inserted into the groove to fix it to the slider.

2. Saddle according to claim 1, characterized in that The saddle has two opposite first sides with preset positions, and each first side has four or more preset positions.

3. Saddle according to claim 2, characterized in that The saddle has crossbeams on its two opposite second sides to mount it on the machine tool.

4. The saddle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The through hole is used to install a gasket to avoid a hollow space between the slider and the first connector.

5. The saddle according to claim 4, characterized in that, The thickness of the gasket is greater than the depth of the through hole.

6. The saddle according to claim 4, characterized in that, The thickness of the gasket is 6 / 5 to 4 / 3 of the depth of the through hole.

7. The saddle according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The saddle is made in one piece.

8. A spindle, characterized in that, It includes a main spindle body and at least two slide rails fixed to the side wall of the main spindle body; the main spindle body is a square columnar main spindle, and the at least two slide rails are distributed on at least two opposite sides of the main spindle body.

9. A five-axis machine tool, characterized in that, include: Two support bases, both of which are fixed to the machine tool frame; The first sliding member includes two sliding plates, which are respectively mounted on the two support bases; A saddle, wherein the saddle is as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, and the saddle is mounted on two sliding plates and slidably connected to the sliding plates; The spindle is the spindle as described in claim 8.

10. The five-axis machine tool according to claim 9, characterized in that, It also includes a second connector for connecting the two sliding plates.

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