Wastewater comprehensive treatment system
By combining the equalization tank, biological tank, biological filter and disinfection tank, and integrating the AAOO process and biological filter, the problems of easy damage and high energy consumption of reverse osmosis membranes in the treatment of high-mineralized domestic wastewater are solved, and low-cost and low-pollution wastewater treatment effect is achieved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-08
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-14
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies for treating high-mineralization domestic wastewater, reverse osmosis membranes or ion exchange resins are easily damaged and consume a lot of energy, leading to environmental pollution risks.
The process employs a combination of equalization tank, biological tank, biofilter, and disinfection tank, combining the AAOO process and biofilter. It decomposes organic matter, removes mineral salts and pathogens through microbial decomposition, uses chlorine dioxide for disinfection, and is equipped with automated monitoring equipment to control the treatment process.
It effectively removes organic matter, mineral salts and pathogens from wastewater, reduces energy consumption, ensures that effluent indicators meet standards, reduces environmental pollution, lowers construction and operating costs, and achieves efficient and low-cost wastewater treatment.
Smart Images
Figure CN224118879U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of wastewater treatment technology, specifically to a comprehensive wastewater treatment system. Background Technology
[0002] Wastewater treatment is a process of purifying wastewater to meet the water quality requirements for discharge into a water body or for reuse. It involves domestic sewage and industrial wastewater, etc.
[0003] The middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River are characterized by large volumes of organic domestic wastewater with a certain degree of mineralization and high organic content. Currently, high-mineralized domestic wastewater is mainly treated using membrane treatment methods, such as reverse osmosis membranes or ion exchange resins, to reduce the salt content. However, reverse osmosis membranes or ion exchange resins are prone to wear and tear, and also require a large amount of energy.
[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to design a treatment system for highly mineralized domestic sewage / wastewater to prevent the wastewater from polluting the surrounding environment. Utility Model Content
[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems in the existing technology, this utility model provides a comprehensive wastewater treatment system that treats highly mineralized sewage and wastewater, thereby preventing pollution of the surrounding environment.
[0006] This utility model discloses a comprehensive wastewater treatment system, including an equalization tank, a biological treatment tank, a biological filter, and a disinfection tank, wherein the output end of the equalization tank is connected to the biological treatment tank, the biological filter, and the disinfection tank in sequence.
[0007] Preferably, the biochemical tank includes an anaerobic tank, a primary aerobic tank, an anoxic tank, and a secondary aerobic tank connected in sequence.
[0008] Preferably, the biofilter is provided with biological filter media;
[0009] The backwash water inlet pipe and the backwash air inlet pipe are connected to multiple filter heads located on the lower side of the biological filter.
[0010] A diffuser is provided on the upper side of the filter head, and the aeration pipe is connected to the diffuser.
[0011] Two water purification tanks are spaced apart on the upper side of the biological filter, and a first drain pipe and a second drain pipe are installed on the two water purification tanks respectively.
[0012] Preferably, a water distribution tank is also provided on one side of the biological filter, and the output end of the water distribution tank is connected to the filter head.
[0013] Preferably, the input end of the regulating pool is also provided with a grid.
[0014] Preferably, it also includes a secondary sedimentation tank, with the output end of the biological treatment tank connected to the input end of the secondary sedimentation tank, the effluent end of the secondary sedimentation tank connected to the biological filter, and the sludge discharge end connected to the sludge tank.
[0015] Preferably, the effluent end of the secondary sedimentation tank is provided with an intermediate tank, and the output end of the intermediate tank is connected to the biological filter.
[0016] Preferably, a filter is provided at the output end of the disinfection tank;
[0017] The filter is provided with a pre-filter and an activated carbon layer at intervals.
[0018] Preferably, it also includes a dosing device, the output of which is connected to the input of the regulator.
[0019] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The wastewater is regulated through an equalization tank, such as adjusting pH and hardness; organic matter in the wastewater is fermented through a biological treatment tank, where microorganisms decompose the organic matter into smaller molecules; the biological filter facilitates water homogenization and increases the efficiency of subsequent oil and organic matter removal; and pathogens in the water are removed through a disinfection tank. By using the biological process as the main process in the wastewater treatment plant, combined with the equalization tank and high-efficiency biological filter, mineral salts in the wastewater are removed, ensuring that various indicators such as effluent color meet standards. Attached Figure Description
[0020] Figure 1 This is a logic block diagram of the wastewater integrated treatment system of this utility model;
[0021] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating the working principle of a biological filter.
[0022] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of how the filter works.
[0023] The diagram shows: 2. Grille, 3. Equalization tank, 4. Biological treatment tank, 41. Anaerobic tank, 42. Primary aerobic tank, 43. Anoxic tank, 45. Secondary aerobic tank.
[0024] 5. Secondary sedimentation tank; 51. Sludge tank; 6. Intermediate tank.
[0025] 7. Biological filter, 71. Water distribution tank, 72. Biological filter media, 73. Backwash inlet pipe, 74. Backwash air inlet pipe, 75. Filter head, 76. Aeration pipe, 761. Diffuser, 77. First drain pipe, 78. Second drain pipe, 79. Clean water tank, 8. Disinfection tank, 9. Filter, 92. Primary filter screen, 93. Activated carbon layer. Detailed Implementation
[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.
[0027] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:
[0028] A comprehensive wastewater treatment system, such as Figure 1 It includes an equalization tank 3, a biological treatment tank 4, a biological filter tank 7, and a disinfection tank 8. The output end of the equalization tank 3 is connected to the biological treatment tank 4, the biological filter tank 7, and the disinfection tank 8 in sequence.
[0029] Wastewater is regulated through equalization tanks to adjust pH and hardness, and organic matter in the wastewater is fermented in biological treatment tanks, where microorganisms decompose organic matter into smaller molecules. Biological filters facilitate water homogenization and increase the efficiency of subsequent oil and organic matter removal. Disinfection tanks remove pathogens from the water. By using biological processes as the main technology in the wastewater treatment plant, combined with equalization tanks and high-efficiency biological filters, mineral salts in the wastewater are removed, ensuring that effluent color and other indicators meet standards.
[0030] A dosing device is installed on one side of the equalization tank 3, and the output end of the dosing device is connected to the input end of the equalization device. The equalization tank 3 can be used to store wastewater, equalize water quality, and regulate water quantity. It can also serve as a reaction tank to adjust the pH value of wastewater to a near-slightly alkaline state, further ensuring the normal operation of subsequent treatment facilities.
[0031] The dosing device can add PAC / PAM + alkali storage to the incoming water for coagulation and hardness removal, causing floating oil and suspended solids to form precipitate flocs, accelerating their separation from the water body. It also removes hardness from the wastewater. After the wastewater has fully reacted with the chemicals in the equalization tank, it enters the biological treatment tank.
[0032] The input end of the equalization tank 3 is also equipped with a screen 2 for pretreatment and preliminary filtration of wastewater. Wastewater is intercepted and removed through the screen channel to reduce the load on subsequent treatment structures.
[0033] The biological treatment tank 4 comprises an anaerobic tank 41, a primary aerobic tank 42, an anoxic tank 43, and a secondary aerobic tank 45 connected in sequence. It employs the AAOO(A2O2) process to remove organic matter and has the function of nitrogen and phosphorus removal.
[0034] AAOO's aeration system is beneficial for water quality homogenization. After oxygenation, the wastewater does not produce odors due to decomposition caused by lack of oxygen. At the same time, the stirring effect of aeration can increase the efficiency of subsequent oil removal and organic matter removal, ensuring better operation of subsequent treatment processes.
[0035] Biological filters fall under the category of biofilm processes. More specifically, they utilize aerated biological filters. For example... Figure 2 The biological filter 7 is equipped with biological filter media 72; the backwash water inlet pipe 73 and the backwash air inlet pipe 74 are connected to multiple filter heads 75 located on the lower side of the biological filter 7; a diffuser 761 is provided on the upper side of the filter head 75, and an aeration pipe 76 is connected to the diffuser 761; two clean water tanks 79 are arranged at intervals on the upper side of the biological filter 7, and a first drain pipe 77 and a second drain pipe 78 are respectively provided on the two clean water tanks 79; the first drain pipe 77 is connected to the equalization tank 3 to provide backwash drainage for the equalization tank, and the second drain pipe 78 is connected to the disinfection tank 8.
[0036] A water distribution tank 71 is also provided on one side of the biological filter 7. The output end of the water distribution tank 71 is connected to the filter head 75 and can be used to adjust the water level in the biological filter.
[0037] Aerated biological filters are aerobic wastewater treatment processes that incorporate filtration concepts from drinking water treatment into the biological contact oxidation process. Their key feature is the combination of biological oxidation and filtration; there is no sedimentation tank downstream of the filter, and the filter's cyclical operation is achieved through backwashing regeneration. Its core technology utilizes porous filter media as the biological carrier, resulting in a biomass per unit volume several times that of the activated sludge process. Therefore, it features high treatment load, small tank volume, and low footprint. Furthermore, the aeration process involves long bubble travel and prolonged gas-liquid contact time. Through multiple shearing processes by the filter media, oxygen utilization is high, and energy consumption is low.
[0038] After treatment, the wastewater mixes with the nitrified effluent from the filter bed and enters the bottom of the filter bed through the inlet pipe. It then flows upwards through the anoxic zone of the packing layer. On one hand, denitrifying bacteria utilize the organic matter in the influent to convert NO3--N into N2, achieving denitrification. On the other hand, suspended solids (SS) are adsorbed and trapped in the filter bed by the packing material and the biofilm above it through a series of complex physicochemical processes. The wastewater treated in the anoxic zone enters the aerobic zone, where organic matter is further degraded and nitrification occurs, while SS continues to be removed. The actual degradation time for organic matter trapped in the filter bed as SS and organic matter adsorbed by the biofilm is close to one operating cycle (typically about 1 day). As filtration progresses, the biofilm in the packing layer thickens, the trapped SS accumulates, and the filter head loss increases. Backwashing is then performed after reaching a certain value. Backwashing uses air-water backwashing. If a high phosphorus content in the effluent is required, chemicals can be added to the filter influent to achieve phosphorus removal through the filter bed.
[0039] The dual-A stage anaerobic reactor removes most pollutants from wastewater, especially COD and ammonia nitrogen. Under anaerobic conditions, various microorganisms, including facultative and anaerobic bacteria, decompose large organic molecules into smaller ones, simultaneously generating gases such as CH4. The CH4 content in these gases is approximately 55%–70%, making it a highly efficient and recyclable fuel.
[0040] Anoxic and aerobic environments are created in the O-stage reaction tank. The activated sludge that proliferates in the biological reactor degrades pollutants in the water, thus purifying the water. Typically, an operating cycle consists of five independent stages: influent, aeration and reaction, static sedimentation, supernatant discharge, and idle period (including discharge of excess sludge). Influent and effluent are controlled by water level, while reaction and sedimentation are controlled by time.
[0041] The effluent from O-type (Oxygenation) tanks typically contains minute suspended solids. These substances, forcibly solidified through mechanical action, may redissolve, causing the suspended solids in the effluent to exceed standards. Multi-media filtration can effectively remove these minute suspended solids. By combining anaerobic, anoxic, and aerobic conditions, different bacterial communities are utilized to degrade ammonia nitrogen and organic matter in wastewater, achieving wastewater purification. This process has wide applications in wastewater treatment, is highly effective for treating wastewater with high ammonia nitrogen and organic matter content, and provides a highly efficient solution for environmental protection and the sustainable use of water resources.
[0042] Treatment bacteria are specially cultivated based on the types of pollutants in wastewater, possessing a unique ability to degrade wastewater. Examples include common nitrifying bacteria for removing organic matter and denitrifying bacteria for nitrogen removal. These bacteria rely on metabolism to decompose organic matter in wastewater; therefore, sufficient time is required for the wastewater and bacteria to mix thoroughly to achieve the desired effect. While the reaction time is longer than chemical treatment, the treatment effect of bacteria is significant, the cost is low, and no special personnel are required during operation, allowing for its widespread application.
[0043] The process flow combining dual-A, dual-O, and biological filter methods with hardness removal is primarily aimed at organic mineralized wastewater where the B:C ratio is less than 0.25. The goal is to hydrolyze and acidify these compounds in the anaerobic stage, breaking them down into smaller molecules, thereby improving the wastewater's biodegradability and creating conditions for aerobic treatment. Therefore, the dual-A facultative anaerobic stage serves a dual purpose: firstly, it pre-treats the wastewater, improving its biodegradability by adsorbing and degrading some organic matter; secondly, it digests the excess sludge from the system.
[0044] Figure 1 The secondary sedimentation tank 5 is also shown. The output end of the biological treatment tank 4 is connected to the input end of the secondary sedimentation tank 5. The effluent end of the secondary sedimentation tank 5 is connected to the biological filter 7, and the sludge discharge end can be connected to the sludge tank 51 via a pump.
[0045] The outlet of the secondary sedimentation tank 5 may also be equipped with an intermediate tank 6, the outlet of which is connected to the biological filter 7. It should be noted that a pump can be used to provide the driving force when transferring water from one component to another.
[0046] The disinfection treatment in disinfection tank 8 can remove most pathogenic bacteria such as E. coli and fecal streptococci from the water. There are many disinfection methods, such as liquid chlorine, ozone, sodium hypochlorite, and chlorine dioxide. Although the sodium hypochlorite method has advantages such as convenient preparation, low price, and high reliability, it can combine with certain organic matter in the water to form carcinogenic organohalides. Chlorine dioxide is recognized as the best disinfectant, with excellent bactericidal effect, and is an ideal alternative to sodium hypochlorite. This system uses the chlorine dioxide method for disinfection. The effluent from the disinfection tank is discharged or reused after passing through pipes.
[0047] like Figure 3 The output end of the disinfection pool 8 is equipped with a filter 9; the filter 9 is provided with a pre-filter 92 and an activated carbon layer 93 at intervals.
[0048] To improve management, reduce labor intensity, enhance the rational operation of each production link, ensure wastewater treatment quality and production safety, save energy, and reduce production costs, automation is adopted to control the wastewater treatment process. Wastewater treatment plants are equipped with automated monitoring equipment according to the requirements of each process, and the control is carried out in the central control room.
[0049] Because the water quality discharge standards along the Yellow River are stricter than those for general municipal wastewater discharge (Class A), the treatment system and process of this invention can significantly reduce pollutant emissions. It greatly reduces construction and operating costs compared to traditional reverse osmosis membrane methods, and has the lowest environmental impact. Table 1 shows the discharge standards (mg / L) along the Yellow River.
[0050] Table 1
[0051] index CODcr BOD5 SS ammonia nitrogen Total nitrogen fecal coli Total phosphorus pH Water output value ≤30 ≤6 ≤10 ≤1.5(3) ≤15 ≤1000 pieces / l 0.3 6-9
[0052] This utility model's wastewater treatment process employs: conditioning treatment + AAOO (anti-acid-air-water) + biological filter + coconut shell treatment + disinfection treatment. Adhering to the principles of advanced technology, simple management, mature technology, reliability, low infrastructure investment, low operating costs, and low treatment costs, it also leverages the advantages of domestically produced equipment and spare parts, small footprint, high automation, and low personnel requirements. Furthermore, considering the characteristics of large fluctuations in wastewater volume and quality, high effluent quality requirements, and the need for underground structures, a biological process is selected as the main process for the wastewater treatment plant. In addition, the physicochemical treatment utilizes our patented technology, high-efficiency biological filter equipment, and multiple sedimentation tanks, ensuring that various indicators such as effluent color meet standards.
[0053] This invention can prevent secondary environmental pollution, maintain water quality safety in industrial and mining enterprises and other industrial parks, and ensure environmental safety; it reduces the emission of pollutants, effectively improves the regional environment, and further protects the environmental quality of water, air, and soil in the Yellow River Basin; the reduction in COD can reach 10,090 tons / year, the reduction in organic matter can reach 10,800 tons / year, the reduction in total nitrogen can reach 35.77 tons / year, the reduction in BOD can reach 4,300 tons / year, and the raw water reduction rate is over 90%; after the implementation of the wastewater treatment system, the environmental quality is effectively improved, the environmental impact on industrial and mining enterprises is relatively small, and it has a positive significance for ecological restoration. Therefore, this invention has certain economic, social, and ecological benefits.
[0054] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A comprehensive wastewater treatment system, characterized in that, It includes an equalization tank (3), a biological treatment tank (4), a biological filter (7), and a disinfection tank (8). The output end of the regulating tank (3) is connected in sequence to the biochemical tank (4), the biological filter tank (7), and the disinfection tank (8).
2. The wastewater comprehensive treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The biochemical tank (4) includes an anaerobic tank (41), a primary aerobic tank (42), an anoxic tank (43), and a secondary aerobic tank (45) connected in sequence.
3. The wastewater comprehensive treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The biological filter (7) is equipped with biological filter media (72); The backwash water inlet pipe (73) and the backwash air inlet pipe (74) are connected to multiple filter heads (75) located on the lower side of the biological filter (7); A diffuser (761) is provided on the upper side of the filter head (75), and the aeration pipe (76) is connected to the diffuser (761). Two water purification tanks (79) are spaced apart on the upper side of the biological filter (7), and a first drain pipe (77) and a second drain pipe (78) are respectively installed on the two water purification tanks.
4. The wastewater comprehensive treatment system according to claim 3, characterized in that, A water distribution tank (71) is also provided on one side of the biological filter (7), and the output end of the water distribution tank (71) is connected to the filter head (75). The first drain pipe (77) is connected to the regulating tank (3), and the second drain pipe (78) is connected to the disinfection tank (8).
5. The wastewater comprehensive treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The input end of the regulating pool (3) is also provided with a grid (2).
6. The wastewater comprehensive treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a secondary sedimentation tank (5), The output end of the biological treatment tank (4) is connected to the input end of the secondary sedimentation tank (5). The effluent end of the secondary sedimentation tank (5) is connected to the biological filter (7), and the sludge outlet end is connected to the sludge tank (51).
7. The wastewater comprehensive treatment system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The secondary sedimentation tank (5) has an intermediate tank (6) at its outlet end, and the outlet end of the intermediate tank (6) is connected to the biological filter (7).
8. The wastewater comprehensive treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The output end of the disinfection pool (8) is equipped with a filter (9); The filter (9) is provided with a pre-filter (92) and an activated carbon layer (93) at intervals.
9. The wastewater comprehensive treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a dosing device, the output of which is connected to the input of the regulator.