Feeding device of biomass particle furnace

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of biomass particle furnaces, and particularly relates to a feeding device of a biomass particle furnace, which comprises a storage bin, a feeding device is arranged below the storage bin, a feeding hole is formed in a position, corresponding to an opening in the lower end of the storage bin, of the feeding device, and a discharging hole is formed in one end, far away from the feeding hole, of the feeding device. The feeding device comprises a shell, a conveying assembly is installed in the shell, a plurality of transverse baffles are evenly installed on the conveying assembly at intervals, and two side baffles are symmetrically arranged at the two ends of each transverse baffle in a sliding mode. According to the utility model, the quantity of the fuel entering the combustion chamber can be controlled according to the requirements of different combustion furnaces, the application range is wider, and meanwhile, the buffering bin is arranged, so that the energy is saved, and the cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of biomass pellet furnaces, and in particular relates to a feeding device for a biomass pellet furnace. Background Technology

[0002] Biomass pellet boilers are boilers that use biomass pellets as fuel. They are widely used due to their advantages such as environmental protection, high efficiency, energy saving, and high degree of automation. When in use, the standard-compliant biomass pellets are transported to the combustion chamber by an automatic feeding mechanism for combustion, converting biomass energy into thermal energy or kinetic energy, thus realizing the efficient utilization of renewable biomass resources.

[0003] Chinese invention patent application number 201811384435.5 discloses a biomass pellet conveying system for boiler combustion, which includes a biomass pellet bin, a screw conveyor, and a biomass pellet conveying trough. A push plate is provided on the biomass pellet conveying trough, which pushes the biomass pellets on the trough back and forth to achieve quantitative conveying. Excess biomass pellets fall into the excess biomass pellet conveyor belt below the biomass pellet conveying trough and are then conveyed upwards back to the biomass pellet bin.

[0004] However, the biomass pellet conveying capacity in this patent cannot be adjusted, and it can only be applied to combustion furnaces of a specific capacity. Furthermore, excess biomass pellets need to be sent back to the biomass pellet silo using an additional conveying device, resulting in a complex equipment structure and high energy consumption. Utility Model Content

[0005] The main technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a feeding device for a biomass pellet furnace, which uses replaceable horizontal baffles and adjustable side baffles to control the amount of fuel entering the combustion chamber according to the needs of different combustion furnaces, so as to achieve the best combustion effect. At the same time, a buffer hopper is set at the feed inlet, eliminating the need for additional conveying equipment to transport excess fuel pellets back to the storage hopper, thus saving energy.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A feeding device for a biomass pellet furnace includes a storage bin, a feeding device disposed below the storage bin, an inlet opening at a position corresponding to the lower opening of the storage bin, an outlet opening at the end of the feeding device away from the inlet, a central feeding pipe fixedly connected to the outlet, and a combustion furnace connected to the end of the central feeding pipe away from the outlet. The feeding device is characterized by a housing containing a conveying assembly, on which several horizontal baffles are evenly spaced. Two side baffles are symmetrically slidably disposed at both ends of the horizontal baffles, and adjacent horizontal baffles and side baffles form a material frame for conveying fuel.

[0008] The following is a further optimization of the above technical solution by this utility model: a buffer chamber is provided between the storage silo and the feed inlet, the bottom end of the buffer chamber is fixedly connected to the feed inlet, and the top end is aligned with the bottom end of the storage silo.

[0009] Further optimization: The transmission assembly includes a drive shaft and a driven shaft rotatably mounted at both ends of the housing. One end of the drive shaft is connected to a drive motor. A transmission sprocket is fixedly installed at corresponding positions at both ends of the drive shaft and the driven shaft. A transmission chain is connected to the two transmission sprockets on the same side of the drive shaft and the driven shaft.

[0010] Further optimization: Several connecting frames are evenly spaced between the two conveyor chains along a direction parallel to the drive shaft. Horizontal baffles are fixedly connected to the connecting frames. Conveyor belts are fixedly connected to the outer sides of the two conveyor chains, with the horizontal baffles located outside the conveyor belts.

[0011] Further optimization: The shell consists of an upper plate, a lower plate, and two side plates on the left and right. Protective plates are installed on the inner side of the two side plates at positions corresponding to the conveyor belt. The shape of the protective plates is adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the conveyor belt, and the gap between the protective plates and the conveyor belt is smaller than the diameter of the fuel particles being conveyed.

[0012] Further optimization: Several adjustment plates are fixedly connected to the side baffle, and several adjustment slots are opened at the corresponding positions on the upper plate. The adjustment slots are arranged in a direction parallel to the drive shaft. The side baffle is slidably installed between the upper plate and the conveyor belt through the adjustment plates. The height of the side baffle is adapted to the gap between the upper plate and the conveyor belt.

[0013] Further optimization: The bottom of the side baffle is bent away from the horizontal baffle, and a flexible baffle is fixedly connected at the bend. The end of the flexible baffle away from the side baffle is fixedly connected to the side plate.

[0014] Further optimization: The feeding device is arranged at an angle, with the end closer to the storage silo being lower in height and the end farther from the storage silo being higher in height, and the inlet end of the middle feeding pipe being slightly higher than the outlet end.

[0015] Further optimization: A first inspection port is provided near the middle of the upper plate, and a second inspection port is provided at the bottom of the casing.

[0016] The present invention adopts the above technical solution and has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The feeding device of this utility model uses a conveyor belt instead of an auger structure, and the gaps at each connection of the feeding device are smaller than the diameter of the fuel particles to avoid particles getting stuck in the gaps and causing device failure. At the same time, multiple maintenance windows are opened on the shell to facilitate the maintenance and replacement of vulnerable parts.

[0018] The feeding device of this utility model has a horizontal baffle that can be detachably installed on the connecting frame. The horizontal baffle of different lengths can be replaced according to the size of the combustion furnace. At the same time, the distance between the two side baffles is adjustable. With the help of horizontal baffles of different lengths, material frames of different sizes can be formed. The amount of fuel delivered can be changed without adjusting the speed of the drive motor, ensuring that the best combustion effect can be achieved for combustion furnaces of different capacities, and the application range is wider.

[0019] The feeding device of this utility model has a buffer chamber between the storage bin and the feed inlet. When the feeding amount of the feeding device changes, there is no need to adjust the dropping frequency of the storage bin. Excess fuel can be temporarily stored in the buffer chamber. In addition, fuel that falls outside the material frame during the conveying process will return to the buffer chamber under the action of gravity. There is no need to use other conveying devices to send it back to the storage bin, which simplifies the equipment structure and saves costs.

[0020] The feeding device of this utility model has an intermediate feeding pipe between the discharge port and the combustion furnace. The flue gas generated in the combustion furnace is cooled down after passing through the intermediate feeding pipe, which avoids the high-temperature gas from directly contacting the conveyor belt and effectively improves the service life of the conveyor belt.

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a front view of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the overall structure of the feeding device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the feeding device according to an embodiment of the present utility model from another angle.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a front view of the internal structure of the feeding device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the inspection port in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a perspective view of the transmission component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Storage bin; 2. Feeding device; 3. Combustion furnace; 4. Intermediate feeding pipe; 5. Shell; 501. Upper plate; 502. Lower plate; 503. Side plate; 6. Driven drive shaft; 7. Driven drive shaft; 8. Inlet; 9. Outlet; 10. First inspection port; 11. First inspection cover plate; 12. Drive sprocket; 13. Conveyor chain; 14. Connecting frame; 15. Drive motor; 16. Conveyor belt; 17. Side baffle; 18. Adjusting plate; 19. Adjusting groove; 20. Horizontal baffle; 21. Material frame; 22. Flexible baffle; 23. Buffer bin; 24. Second inspection port; 25. Second inspection cover plate; 26. Protective plate. Detailed Implementation

[0031] like Figure 1-2 As shown, a feeding device for a biomass pellet furnace includes a storage bin 1 with openings at the top and bottom for feeding and discharging, respectively. A feeding device 2 is located below the storage bin 1, with an inlet 8 at a position corresponding to the lower opening of the storage bin 1. An outlet 9 is located at the end of the feeding device 2 away from the inlet 8, and an intermediate feeding pipe 4 is fixedly connected to the outlet 9. A combustion furnace 3 is connected to the end of the intermediate feeding pipe 4 away from the outlet 9. The fuel in the storage bin 1 is ultimately transported to the combustion furnace 3 for combustion through the feeding device 2 and the intermediate feeding pipe 4, thereby realizing the conversion of biomass energy into thermal energy.

[0032] The feeding device 2 is arranged at an angle, with the end closer to the storage silo 1 being lower in height and the end farther away from the storage silo 1 being higher in height. In other words, fuel enters from the feed inlet 8 at the lower end of the feeding device 2 and is conveyed upward to the discharge outlet 9 for discharge. This design not only facilitates the installation and arrangement of the storage silo 1 and the combustion furnace 3, but also effectively prevents the flames and flue gas in the combustion furnace 3 from flowing back into the feeding device 2, thus avoiding the fuel in the feeding device 2 from being ignited and improving the safety of the equipment.

[0033] like Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the feeding device 2 includes a housing 5, which is formed by an upper plate 501, a lower plate 502, and two side plates 503. A conveying assembly is installed inside the housing 5. The conveying assembly includes a drive shaft 6 rotatably mounted at the bottom of the housing 5 and a driven shaft 7 rotatably mounted near the top of the housing 5. In this embodiment, the drive shaft 6 and the driven shaft 7 are mounted on the side plates 503 through bearing seats and extend outward from the side plates 503 at both ends. One end of the drive shaft 6 is connected to a drive motor 15, which drives the drive shaft 6 to rotate on the housing 5. The drive motor 15 is designed to match the length of the feeding device 2 and the amount of fuel to be conveyed. A motor of a commonly used model in the prior art is selected, which can be obtained through market purchase and will not be described in detail in this application.

[0034] like Figure 6-8 As shown, a drive sprocket 12 is fixedly installed near both ends of the drive shaft 6. The two drive sprockets 12 are located inside the two side plates 503. Two drive sprockets 12 are also fixedly installed at corresponding positions on the driven shaft 7. A transmission chain 13 is connected to the two drive sprockets 12 on the same side of the drive shaft 6 and the driven shaft 7. The two transmission chains 13 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart, forming a closed ellipse under the transmission of the drive shaft 6 and the driven shaft 7.

[0035] A plurality of connecting frames 14 are arranged between the two conveyor chains 13 in a direction parallel to the drive shaft 6. The plurality of connecting frames 14 are evenly spaced and fixedly connected to the two conveyor chains 13 at both ends. A horizontal baffle 20 is fixedly connected to the connecting frame 14. The gap between the horizontal baffle 20 and the inner side of the upper plate 501 is smaller than the diameter of the fuel being conveyed. In this embodiment, the horizontal baffle 20 is fixedly connected to the connecting frame 14 by bolts, which facilitates the disassembly and replacement of the horizontal baffle 20.

[0036] Two conveyor chains 13 are fixedly connected to the outer sides of a conveyor belt 16. In this embodiment, the conveyor belt 16 is fixedly connected to the connecting frame 14. The drive motor 15 drives the active drive shaft 6 to rotate, which drives the driven drive shaft 7 to rotate through the conveyor chain 13, and then drives the conveyor belt 16 to move through the connecting frame 14 to complete the fuel delivery.

[0037] The width of the conveyor belt 16 is less than the distance between the two side plates 503 to avoid friction between the conveyor belt 16 and the side plates 503 during operation, which would increase running resistance and reduce conveying efficiency.

[0038] In this embodiment, the conveyor belt 16 is made of nitrile rubber, which can ensure both wear resistance and high temperature resistance, thereby improving the service life of the conveyor belt 16. In addition to this embodiment, depending on the temperature at the discharge port 9, the conveyor belt 16 can also be made of other wear-resistant and high-temperature resistant materials to avoid frequent damage and maintenance of the conveyor belt 16.

[0039] A slot is provided on the conveyor belt 16 at a position corresponding to the connecting frame 14. A part of the connecting frame 14 extends out of the conveyor belt 16 from the slot, so that the cross baffle 20 is located outside the conveyor belt 16. Protective plates 26 are provided on the inner side of the two side plates 503 at positions corresponding to the conveyor belt 16 to prevent fuel from falling from the gap between the conveyor belt 16 and the housing 5.

[0040] The shape of the protective plate 26 is adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the conveyor belt 16, and the gap between the inner side of the protective plate 26 and the outer side of the conveyor belt 16 is smaller than the diameter of the fuel particles being conveyed, so as to prevent fuel particles from getting stuck in the gap between the protective plate 26 and the conveyor belt 16 and causing the feeding device 2 to jam and be damaged.

[0041] A side baffle 17 is slidably disposed inside the housing 5 at a position between the upper plate 501 and the conveyor belt 16. Two side baffles 17 are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the horizontal baffle 20. Specifically, a number of adjustment plates 18 are fixedly connected to the side baffles 17. An adjustment groove 19 is provided on the upper plate 501 at a position corresponding to the adjustment plate 18. The adjustment groove 19 is an elongated hole arranged in a direction parallel to the drive shaft 6. The adjustment plates 18 are installed and connected to the adjustment groove 19 by bolts.

[0042] The height of the side baffle 17 is adapted to the gap between the upper plate 501 and the conveyor belt 16. Loosen the bolts on the adjusting plate 18 and slide the adjusting plate 18 along the adjusting groove 19 to adjust the position of the side baffle 17 on the housing 5, so that the gap between the side baffle 17 and the horizontal baffle 20 is smaller than the diameter of the conveyed fuel, preventing fuel particles from falling from the gap.

[0043] After adjustment, tighten the bolts on the adjustment plate 18 to fix the side baffle 17 to the housing 5. The two adjacent horizontal baffles 20 and the side baffles 17 on both sides form a rectangular material frame 21. The fuel in the storage bin 1 falls into the material frame 21 through the feed inlet 8 of the feeding device 2 and is conveyed to the discharge outlet 9 along the movement of the conveyor belt 16. The bottom of the side baffle 17 is aligned with the lower edge of the feed inlet 8, and the top extends along the movement trajectory of the conveyor belt 16 to the lower edge of the discharge outlet 9, ensuring that the fuel particles on the conveyor belt 16 are confined in the corresponding material frame 21 and do not slip off from the left and right sides, so that a sufficient amount of fuel is continuously fed into the combustion furnace 3.

[0044] When the feeding device 2 is matched with different sized combustion furnaces 3, the amount of fuel to be conveyed per unit time is also different. At this time, by replacing the horizontal baffles 20 of different lengths and simultaneously adjusting the distance between the two side baffles 17, a suitable gap is maintained between the side baffles 17 and the horizontal baffles 20. In this way, the horizontal baffles 20 and the side baffles 17 can form material frames 21 of different sizes, so as to convey different amounts of fuel according to the needs of the combustion furnace 3, avoiding insufficient heat generation due to insufficient fuel, which would affect the use effect, or material waste due to excessive fuel and incomplete combustion.

[0045] In the prior art, the amount of material fed per unit time is usually adjusted by adjusting the running speed of the feeding device 2. This solution generally requires setting a controller to adjust the speed of the drive motor 15, which is costly. This utility model adjusts the amount of material fed per unit time by adjusting the size of the material frame 21 to match different sizes of combustion furnaces 3. The solution is simple and helps to save production costs.

[0046] like Figure 4As shown, the bottom of the side baffle 17 is bent away from the side baffle 20. A flexible baffle 22 is fixedly connected to the bend. The end of the flexible baffle 22 away from the side baffle 17 is fixedly connected to the side plate 503. A U-shaped space is formed between the side plate 503, the flexible baffle 22 and the side baffle 17 to prevent fuel particles that have not entered the material frame 21 from falling into the bottom of the housing 5 along the gap between the side plate 503 and the side baffle 17 of the housing 5, causing the drive shaft 6 to jam.

[0047] In this embodiment, the flexible baffle 22 is made of rubber or canvas and can extend and retract as the side baffle 17 moves left and right. The length of the flexible baffle 22 satisfies the following condition: when the two side baffles 17 move towards each other to their extreme positions, the flexible baffle 22 is just stretched flat.

[0048] The bottom surface of the flexible baffle 22 is in contact with the upper surface of the conveyor belt 16, and the top surface is higher than the upper surface of the upper plate 501. The upper plate 501 is bent inward towards the housing 5 at the position corresponding to the flexible baffle 22. The bending width is consistent with the length of the flexible baffle 22 when compressed to the limit position, which supports the flexible baffle 22 and prevents the flexible baffle 22 from deforming and collapsing. During the process of moving and adjusting the position of the side baffle 17, the flexible baffle 22 always effectively blocks the fuel particles at the feed inlet 8, preventing a large number of fuel particles that have not entered the material frame 21 from falling into the bottom of the housing 5.

[0049] like Figure 7 As shown, the feed port 8 is located on the upper plate 501 above the drive shaft 6, and the discharge port 9 is located on the lower plate 502 above the driven shaft 7. The upper plate 501 is also provided with a first inspection port 10 near the middle for maintenance and adjustment of the internal structure of the feeding device 2. Depending on the length of the feeding device 2, there can be multiple first inspection ports 10. A first inspection cover plate 11 is provided on the first inspection port 10, and the first inspection cover plate 11 is fixedly installed on the housing 5 by bolts.

[0050] When the equipment is in normal use, the first inspection cover 11 is fixedly connected to the housing 5 to protect the internal structure of the feeding device 2. On the one hand, it prevents the conveyed fuel from spilling from the first inspection port 10, and on the other hand, it prevents the operator from accidentally touching the internal transmission mechanism and causing a safety accident. When the equipment malfunctions, the first inspection cover 11 is opened for inspection and maintenance.

[0051] The bottom of the housing 5 is also provided with a second inspection port 24, and a second inspection cover plate 25 is provided on the second inspection port 24. One end of the second inspection cover plate 25 is hinged to the lower plate 502, and the other end is fixedly connected to the upper plate 501 by bolts. By providing the second inspection port 24, it is convenient to maintain the drive shaft 6 on the one hand, and convenient to clean up individual fuel particles that have fallen to the bottom of the housing 5 on the other hand.

[0052] like Figure 1-2 As shown, a buffer chamber 23 is provided between the storage silo 1 and the feed inlet 8. The bottom end of the buffer chamber 23 is fixedly connected to the feed inlet 8, and the top end is aligned with the bottom end of the storage silo 1. The fuel in the storage silo 1 intermittently falls into the buffer chamber 23 and is conveyed upward with the feeding device 2. The fuel that falls outside the material frame 21 returns to the buffer chamber 23 under the action of gravity. It does not need to be sent back to the storage silo 1 with the help of other conveying devices, which simplifies the equipment structure and saves costs. At the same time, by setting up the buffer chamber 23, when the feeding amount of the feeding device 2 changes, there is no need to adjust the falling frequency of the storage silo 1. Excess fuel can be temporarily stored in the buffer chamber 23.

[0053] The inlet end of the intermediate feeding pipe 4 is slightly higher than the outlet end. The fuel discharged from the feeding device 2 falls automatically into the combustion furnace 3 under the action of gravity. The flue gas that escapes from the combustion furnace 3 has a lower temperature after passing through the intermediate feeding pipe 4, which reduces the impact of the flue gas on various components in the feeding device 2, especially the conveyor belt 16, and helps to improve the service life of the feeding device 2.

[0054] For those skilled in the art, any changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations made to the implementation methods without departing from the principles and spirit of this utility model, based on the teachings of this utility model, still fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A feeding device for a biomass pellet furnace, comprising a storage silo (1), a feeding device (2) disposed below the storage silo (1), an inlet (8) being provided on the feeding device (2) at a position corresponding to the lower opening of the storage silo (1), an outlet (9) being provided at one end of the feeding device (2) away from the inlet (8), an intermediate feeding pipe (4) being fixedly connected to the outlet (9), and a combustion furnace (3) being connected to one end of the intermediate feeding pipe (4) away from the outlet (9), characterized in that: The feeding device (2) includes a housing (5), and a conveying component is installed inside the housing (5). Several horizontal baffles (20) are evenly installed on the conveying component. Two side baffles (17) are symmetrically slidably arranged at both ends of the horizontal baffles (20). The two adjacent horizontal baffles (20) and the side baffles (17) on both sides form a material frame (21) for conveying fuel.

2. The feeding device for a biomass pellet furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: A buffer chamber (23) is provided between the storage silo (1) and the feed inlet (8). The bottom end of the buffer chamber (23) is fixedly connected to the feed inlet (8), and the top end is aligned with the bottom end of the storage silo (1).

3. The feeding device for a biomass pellet furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transmission assembly includes an active drive shaft (6) and a driven drive shaft (7) rotatably mounted at both ends of the housing (5). One end of the active drive shaft (6) is connected to a drive motor (15). A transmission sprocket (12) is fixedly installed at corresponding positions at both ends of the active drive shaft (6) and the driven drive shaft (7). A transmission chain (13) is connected to the two transmission sprockets (12) on the same side of the active drive shaft (6) and the driven drive shaft (7).

4. The feeding device for a biomass pellet furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that: Several connecting frames (14) are evenly spaced between the two conveyor chains (13) in a direction parallel to the drive shaft (6). A horizontal baffle (20) is fixedly connected to the connecting frame (14). A conveyor belt (16) is fixedly connected to the outside of the two conveyor chains (13), and the horizontal baffle (20) is located outside the conveyor belt (16).

5. The feeding device for a biomass pellet furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: The housing (5) consists of an upper plate (501), a lower plate (502) and two side plates (503) on the left and right. A protective plate (26) is provided on the inner side of the two side plates (503) at a position corresponding to the conveyor belt (16). The shape of the protective plate (26) is adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the conveyor belt (16), and the gap between the protective plate (26) and the conveyor belt (16) is smaller than the diameter of the fuel particles being conveyed.

6. The feeding device for a biomass pellet furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that: Several adjustment plates (18) are fixedly connected to the side baffle (17). Several adjustment slots (19) are opened on the upper plate (501) at positions corresponding to the adjustment plates (18). The adjustment slots (19) are arranged in a direction parallel to the drive shaft (6). The side baffle (17) is slidably installed between the upper plate (501) and the conveyor belt (16) through the adjustment plates (18). The height of the side baffle (17) is adapted to the gap between the upper plate (501) and the conveyor belt (16).

7. The feeding device for a biomass pellet furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom of the side baffle (17) is bent away from the side baffle (20), and a flexible baffle (22) is fixedly connected at the bend. The end of the flexible baffle (22) away from the side baffle (17) is fixedly connected to the side plate (503).

8. The feeding device for a biomass pellet furnace according to claim 7, characterized in that: The feeding device (2) is arranged at an angle, with the end closer to the storage bin (1) being lower in height and the end farther from the storage bin (1) being higher in height, and the inlet end of the middle feeding pipe (4) being slightly higher than the outlet end.

9. The feeding device for a biomass pellet furnace according to claim 8, characterized in that: The upper plate (501) has a first inspection port (10) near the middle, and the bottom of the housing (5) also has a second inspection port (24).

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