Tobacco soil-borne disease sample collecting and processing device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of collecting and processing devices, in particular to a tobacco soil-borne disease sample collecting and processing device which comprises a crushing box and a positioning plate, a positioning plate is fixed to the outer wall of the smashing box. According to the utility model, after the drill bit is adopted for sampling, the vacuum pump is used for conveying and conveying, the vibrating screen and the crushing box are combined for screening and crushing, the vibrating screen effectively separates impurity particles in target soil through strong vibration, and the impurities are separated and treated; the soil particles are more uniform, target soil is reserved, subsequent detection and analysis are facilitated, sampling, separation and treatment are integrated, intermediate links are reduced, soil samples can be rapidly and accurately collected, primary treatment is completed, automatic operation is achieved, and working efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of data collection and processing devices, and in particular to a data collection and processing device for soil-borne diseases in tobacco. Background Technology

[0002] Soil-borne diseases of tobacco refer to diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms that live in or on the soil surface, primarily affecting the roots and stem base of tobacco plants. These diseases are characterized by their high degree of concealment, rapid spread, difficulty in eradication, and significant damage. Analysis of soil-borne diseases in tobacco requires the use of sample collection devices to collect soil samples from tobacco plantations, primarily for subsequent research and control of these diseases.

[0003] Meanwhile, existing collection and processing devices typically only collect soil samples, making it difficult to preliminarily separate impurities from the soil samples and retain the target soil. This results in the target soil samples being interfered with by impurities, increasing subsequent processing costs and affecting the accuracy and efficiency of subsequent testing. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the problem that existing collection and processing devices typically only collect soil samples, making it difficult to preliminarily separate impurities from the soil samples and retain the target soil, resulting in interference from impurities, increased subsequent processing costs, and impact on the accuracy and efficiency of subsequent testing, this utility model provides a tobacco soil-borne disease sample collection and processing device.

[0005] The technical solution is as follows: A sample collection and processing device for soil-borne diseases in tobacco includes a crushing box and a positioning plate; the positioning plate is fixed to the outer wall of the crushing box; it also includes a movable plate, a drill bit, a cylinder, a connecting plate, a vibrating screen, a conveying pipe, crushing blades, and a collection frame; the movable plate is located below the positioning plate on the outer wall of the crushing box, and a groove is opened on the outer wall of the crushing box to accommodate the sliding of the movable plate; a drive motor is installed at the upper end of the movable plate, and a drill bit is installed at one end of the drive motor at the lower end of the movable plate; a connecting plate is welded to the outer wall of the crushing box above the movable plate, and a connecting rod is welded to the upper corner of the connecting plate; a vibrating screen is located above the connecting plate, and an auxiliary spring is installed between the vibrating screen and the connecting rod; a spring rubber damper is installed inside the auxiliary spring; a drive rod is installed inside the crushing box, and a rotary motor is fixed to one end of the drive rod on the outer wall of the crushing box; a crushing blade is installed at the outer end of the drive rod; a toothed plate is installed on the inner wall of the crushing box, and the toothed plate is engaged with the crushing blades.

[0006] Furthermore, two sets of cylinders are installed on the upper end of the positioning plate. One end of the cylinder is located at the lower end of the positioning plate and a telescopic rod is fixed thereon. The cylinder is fixedly connected to the movable plate through the telescopic rod.

[0007] Furthermore, a locking block is fixed to the outer wall of the connecting plate, and a conveying pipe is installed inside the locking block. A vacuum pump is installed at one end of the conveying pipe, and the other end of the conveying pipe extends into the interior of the vibrating screen. The end of the conveying pipe away from the vibrating screen is fixed to the docking plate.

[0008] Furthermore, a vibrating motor is installed at the lower end of the vibrating screen, and a discharge rack is installed on one side of the vibrating motor at the lower end of the vibrating screen, with the discharge rack connected to the vibrating screen.

[0009] Furthermore, a connector is circumferentially installed on the inner wall of the docking plate, and the docking plate is connected to the conveying pipe.

[0010] Furthermore, a transmission pipe is installed at one end of the discharge rack, and a baffle is installed at the upper end of the crushing box. Screws are provided at the outer end of the baffle, and the baffle is threadedly fixed to the crushing box by the screws.

[0011] Furthermore, the outer wall of the crushing box is symmetrically provided with load-bearing plates, and bolts are installed on the outer wall of the load-bearing plates. The load-bearing plates are fixed to the crushing box by the bolts.

[0012] Furthermore, a guide plate is fixed to the lower end of the crushing box, and a collection frame is installed on one side of the guide plate below the crushing box.

[0013] The beneficial effects are as follows: This utility model achieves sampling by drill bit followed by vacuum pump transport, combined with screening and crushing by vibrating screen and crushing box. The vibrating screen effectively separates impurity particles in the target soil through strong vibration, realizing the separation and treatment of impurities. Secondly, the crushing box can further crush the screened sample to make the soil particles more uniform, retaining the target soil for subsequent detection and analysis. It integrates sampling, separation and processing, reduces intermediate steps, and can quickly and accurately collect soil samples and complete preliminary processing, realizing automated operation and improving work efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a tobacco soil-borne disease sample collection and processing device.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the drill bit in this practical application;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the shredder blade in this practical application;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vibrating screen used in this application.

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the collection frame for this practical application.

[0019] In the attached diagram, the following are the reference numerals: 1. Crushing box; 2. Movable plate; 3. Positioning plate; 4. Drill bit; 5. Drive motor; 6. Cylinder; 7. Telescopic rod; 8. Vibrating screen; 9. Connecting rod; 10. Auxiliary spring; 11. Connecting plate; 12. Conveying pipe; 13. Vacuum pump; 14. Connecting plate; 15. Discharge rack; 16. Transmission pipe; 17. Vibrating motor; 18. Crushing blade; 19. Baffle; 20. Rotary motor; 21. Guide plate; 22. Collection frame. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] Soil-borne diseases of tobacco in my country refer to a general term for diseases caused by pathogens that survive in or on the soil surface, infecting tobacco plants both in the soil and above ground. These diseases are prevalent in all major tobacco-producing areas of my country, and in some areas, they can even cause devastating damage, seriously threatening the sustainable and healthy development of tobacco production. There are many types of pathogens causing tobacco soil-borne diseases, the most common being *Ralstonia solanacearum*, *Phytophthora parasitica*, and *Fusarium oxysporum*. These pathogens can survive in the soil for a long time and spread and infect through diseased soil, diseased plant debris, and contaminated fertilizer. They often enter through wounds on the roots of tobacco plants, leading to disease. Taking tobacco bacterial wilt as an example, it is a bacterial soil-borne disease caused by *Ralstonia solanacearum*. In the early stages of the disease, as the abundance of pathogens increases, the original rhizosphere soil microbial community structure is disrupted, and the diversity of microorganisms in the tobacco rhizosphere soil decreases. Simultaneously, in the early stages of bacterial wilt, beneficial bacteria such as *Bacillus* and *Oligotrophomonas* are significantly enriched in rhizosphere soil samples. However, as the disease progresses, the diversity of rhizosphere soil microorganisms gradually approaches a dynamic equilibrium. Tobacco bacterial wilt is widespread in major tobacco-producing provinces of my country, even causing outbreaks in some years, resulting in significant losses to tobacco production. Controlling soil-borne diseases of tobacco has always been a global challenge, currently relying mainly on chemical control. However, this method easily leads to environmental pollution and the development of drug resistance in pathogens. Biological control, which does not pollute the natural environment and makes it less likely for pathogens to develop resistance, has gradually become a research hotspot. Recent studies have shown that the occurrence and development of diseases are closely related to the interactions between soil microorganisms and the imbalance of the microbial community. Therefore, regulating the rhizosphere soil microecological environment to suppress soil-borne diseases is becoming a research focus.

[0022] Tobacco soil-borne disease sampling refers to the process of obtaining soil and tobacco plant root samples from fields or experimental environments affected by tobacco soil-borne diseases. These samples are primarily used for subsequent disease detection, diagnosis, and research. The collected samples can be used for several purposes: first, for the detection and identification of pathogens, by extracting DNA or RNA from the samples and using techniques such as PCR to detect the presence of pathogens; second, for analyzing the structure and dynamic changes of soil microbial communities, understanding the interactions of soil microorganisms during disease occurrence; third, for providing a basis for early warning and control of diseases, by monitoring the quantity and types of pathogens in the soil and plants to take measures in advance to reduce the occurrence and spread of diseases; and fourth, for studying the epidemic patterns and pathogenesis of diseases, providing theoretical support for developing more effective control strategies. When collecting samples, soil samples from the root system of disease-infected tobacco plants are typically selected, and each sample is individually packaged and labeled. Collection methods include the five-point sampling method to ensure the representativeness and accuracy of the samples. Collected samples must be properly preserved and transported for subsequent laboratory analysis.

[0023] A tobacco soil-borne disease sampling device is a specialized instrument for collecting soil and related samples affected by tobacco soil-borne diseases. Its primary purpose is to provide accurate samples for disease detection, diagnosis, and research. This device typically includes several key components, such as a fixing rod, a collection block, a cutting block, a sealing cap, and a motor. These components allow the sampling device to penetrate deep into the soil, accurately obtaining soil samples at specific depths and locations. It also enables preliminary sample processing, such as sieving and packaging. Its main uses include: first, collecting soil samples affected by diseases for subsequent pathogen detection and identification; samples obtained through this device more accurately reflect the presence of pathogens in the soil. Second, facilitating observation of the connection between tobacco roots and soil and the relationship with diseases; some sampling devices are specially designed to allow for observation of soil profiles, providing a more intuitive understanding of the distribution and spread of diseases in the soil. Third, improving sampling efficiency and sample quality; compared to traditional sampling methods, specialized sampling devices can obtain samples more quickly and accurately, reducing human interference. In addition, the sampling device has several practical functions. For example, a motor-driven pusher can remove adhering substances from the inner wall of the sampling block, facilitating subsequent use and sample processing. These functions not only improve the convenience of sampling but also ensure the integrity and representativeness of the samples, providing a reliable basis for subsequent laboratory analysis. The main benefits of the tobacco soil-borne disease sample collection device are improved sampling efficiency and ease of subsequent use and sample processing. Secondly, it ensures the integrity and representativeness of the samples. The sampling device can penetrate deep into the soil, accurately obtaining soil samples at specific depths and locations, thus providing a reliable basis for subsequent laboratory analysis. Furthermore, it can reduce human interference with the samples, improving the accuracy and reliability of sampling.

[0024] like Figures 1-5 As shown, a sample collection and processing device for soil-borne tobacco diseases includes a crushing box 1 and a positioning plate 3; the positioning plate 3 is fixed to the outer wall of the crushing box 1; it also includes a movable plate 2, a drill bit 4, a cylinder 6, a connecting plate 11, a vibrating screen 8, a conveying pipe 12, crushing blades 18, and a collection frame 22; the movable plate 2 is located below the positioning plate 3 on the outer wall of the crushing box 1, and a groove is opened on the outer wall of the crushing box 1 to accommodate the sliding of the movable plate 2; a drive motor 5 is installed at the upper end of the movable plate 2, and a drill bit 4 is installed at one end of the drive motor 5 at the lower end of the movable plate 2; a connecting plate 11 is welded to the outer wall of the crushing box 1 above the movable plate 2. A connecting rod 9 is welded to the upper corner of the 1. A vibrating screen 8 is provided above the connecting plate 11. An auxiliary spring 10 is installed between the vibrating screen 8 and the connecting rod 9. A spring rubber damper is provided inside the auxiliary spring 10. A drive rod is installed inside the crushing box 1. A rotary motor 20 is fixed at one end of the drive rod on the outer wall of the crushing box 1. A crushing blade 18 is installed at the outer end of the drive rod. A toothed plate is installed on the inner wall of the crushing box 1. The toothed plate is engaged with the crushing blade 18. Two sets of cylinders 6 are installed at the upper end of the positioning plate 3. A telescopic rod 7 is fixed at one end of the cylinder 6 at the lower end of the positioning plate 3. The cylinder 6 is fixedly connected to the movable plate 2 through the telescopic rod 7.

[0025] Please see Figures 2-4 A locking block is fixed to the outer wall of the connecting plate 11. A conveying pipe 12 is installed inside the locking block. A vacuum pump 13 is installed at one end of the conveying pipe 12. One end of the conveying pipe 12 extends into the interior of the vibrating screen 8. A docking plate 14 is fixed to the end of the conveying pipe 12 away from the vibrating screen 8. A vibrating motor 17 is installed at the lower end of the vibrating screen 8. A discharge rack 15 is installed at the lower end of the vibrating screen 8 on one side of the vibrating motor 17. The discharge rack 15 is connected to the vibrating screen 8. A connecting joint is installed circumferentially on the inner wall of the docking plate 14. The docking plate 14 is connected to the conveying pipe 12.

[0026] Please see Figures 3-5 A conveying pipe 16 is installed at one end of the discharge rack 15. A baffle 19 is installed at the upper end of the crushing box 1. Screws are provided on the outer end of the baffle 19. The baffle 19 is threadedly fixed to the crushing box 1 by the screws. A load-bearing plate is symmetrically provided on the outer wall of the crushing box 1. Bolts are installed on the outer wall of the load-bearing plate. The load-bearing plate is threadedly fixed to the crushing box 1 by the bolts. A guide plate 21 is fixed at the lower end of the crushing box 1. A collection frame 22 is installed on one side of the guide plate 21 below the crushing box 1.

[0027] When soil samples need to be collected, the device is first moved to the designated location, and then the corresponding drill bit 4 is connected to the output end of the drive motor 5. After the drill bit 4 is installed, two sets of cylinders 6 are started simultaneously, connected to the telescopic rod 7, to push the movable plate 2 downward. At the same time, the drive motor 5 starts following the start of the cylinders 6. The drive motor 5 is used to connect the drill bit 4 to the target soil for drilling and sampling. When the cylinder 6 drives the telescopic rod 7 to press down to the designated position, it rebounds in the opposite direction. An external extension tube is connected to the delivery tube 12 through the docking plate 14. After the extension tube is inserted into the drilling position, the vacuum pump 13 is started to extract the sample, which is then transferred to the vibrating screen 8 through the delivery tube 12. After the drilled sample is delivered to the vibrating screen 8, the vibration motor 17 is started, combined with the auxiliary spring 10, to drive the vibrating screen 8 to swing, effectively screening the sample. Impurities in the target soil are selected, and the screened soil falls into the discharge rack 15 through the vibrating screen 8. Following the swing of the vibrating screen 8, the sample inside the discharge rack 15 is transported to the crushing box 1 through the transfer pipe 16. Combined with the baffle 19, the screened sample can be prevented from overflowing. After the screened sample is transferred to the crushing box 1, the rotary motor 20 is started and connected to the drive rod to drive the crushing blade 18 and the toothed plate to rotate and crush the sample, further crushing the screened sample to make the soil particles more uniform and retain the target soil. The crushed sample is guided by the guide plate 21 to fall into the collection frame 22 for collection. It integrates sampling, separation and processing, and can quickly and accurately collect samples of the target soil and complete the preliminary processing, realizing automated operation and facilitating subsequent detection and analysis.

[0028] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit this utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A device for collecting and processing samples of soil-borne diseases in tobacco, characterized in that, It includes a crushing box (1) and a positioning plate (3); the positioning plate (3) is fixed to the outer wall of the crushing box (1); it also includes a movable plate (2), a drill bit (4), a cylinder (6), a connecting plate (11), a vibrating screen (8), a conveying pipe (12), crushing blades (18) and a collection frame (22); the outer wall of the crushing box (1) is provided with a movable plate (2) below the positioning plate (3), and the outer wall of the crushing box (1) is provided with a sliding groove to accommodate the sliding of the movable plate (2). A drive motor (5) is installed at the upper end of the movable plate (2), and a drill bit (4) is installed at one end of the drive motor (5) at the lower end of the movable plate (2). A connecting plate (11) is welded above the movable plate (2) on the outer wall of the 1. A connecting rod (9) is welded at the upper corner of the connecting plate (11). A vibrating screen (8) is provided above the connecting plate (11). An auxiliary spring (10) is installed between the vibrating screen (8) and the connecting rod (9). A spring rubber damper is provided inside the auxiliary spring (10). A drive rod is installed inside the crushing box (1). A rotary motor (20) is fixed at one end of the drive rod on the outer wall of the crushing box (1). A crushing blade (18) is installed at the outer end of the drive rod. A toothed plate is installed on the inner wall of the crushing box (1). The toothed plate is meshed with the crushing blade (18).

2. The tobacco soil-borne disease sample collection and processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two sets of cylinders (6) are installed on the upper end of the positioning plate (3). One end of the cylinder (6) is located at the lower end of the positioning plate (3) and a telescopic rod (7) is fixed thereon. The cylinder (6) is fixedly connected to the movable plate (2) through the telescopic rod (7).

3. The tobacco soil-borne disease sample collection and processing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, A locking block is fixed to the outer wall of the connecting plate (11), and a conveying pipe (12) is installed inside the locking block. A vacuum pump (13) is installed at one end of the conveying pipe (12), and one end of the conveying pipe (12) extends into the interior of the vibrating screen (8). The end of the conveying pipe (12) away from the vibrating screen (8) is fixed to the docking plate (14).

4. The tobacco soil-borne disease sample collection and processing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, A vibrating motor (17) is installed at the lower end of the vibrating screen (8). A discharge rack (15) is installed at the lower end of the vibrating screen (8) on one side of the vibrating motor (17). The discharge rack (15) is connected to the vibrating screen (8).

5. The tobacco soil-borne disease sample collection and processing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner wall of the docking plate (14) is circumferentially fitted with a connector, and the docking plate (14) is connected to the conveying pipe (12).

6. The tobacco soil-borne disease sample collection and processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A conveying pipe (16) is installed at one end of the discharge rack (15), and a baffle (19) is installed at the upper end of the crushing box (1). The outer end of the baffle (19) is provided with screws, and the baffle (19) is threadedly fixed to the crushing box (1) by the screws.

7. The tobacco soil-borne disease sample collection and processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the crushing box (1) is symmetrically provided with load-bearing plates, and bolts are installed on the outer wall of the load-bearing plates. The load-bearing plates are threadedly fixed to the crushing box (1) by bolts.

8. The tobacco soil-borne disease sample collection and processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A guide plate (21) is fixed to the lower end of the crushing box (1), and a collection frame (22) is installed on one side of the guide plate (21) below the crushing box (1).

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