Battery module, battery pack and electric device

Abstract

The utility model provides a battery module, a battery pack and a power utilization device, and relates to the technical field of batteries, the battery module comprises a battery unit and a heat exchange device, the heat exchange device is internally provided with a heat exchange channel allowing a heat exchange medium to flow, and the heat exchange channel is configured to be located on at least one side of the battery unit in the first direction; the heat exchange device is in contact with the surface of the battery unit along at least one side of the first direction and / or at least one side of the second direction and / or at least one side of the third direction for heat exchange, and is provided with an exhaust channel; the exhaust passage is configured to communicate with the pressure relief mechanism to collect emissions discharged by the pressure relief mechanism during braking and guide the emissions to be discharged to the outside of the battery module. The heat exchange device is arranged to take away the heat of the battery unit in time, so that the temperature of the battery unit is kept stable, and meanwhile, the exhaust passage is integrated in the heat exchange device, so that emissions discharged by the pressure relief mechanism can directly enter the exhaust passage when thermal runaway occurs, and the safety of the battery module is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery module, battery pack and power supply device. Background Technology

[0002] With the transformation of the global energy structure and the development of a low-carbon economy, the new energy field has gradually become a focus of attention. Batteries, as the core component for energy storage and conversion, have been widely used in various fields, especially in transportation, such as electric vehicles. Battery safety is paramount for electric vehicles and energy storage systems. Thermal runaway is one of the main factors affecting battery safety. Once thermal runaway from a single battery cell spreads to the entire battery system, a major safety accident can occur. Therefore, solving the problem of thermal runaway and its spread in individual battery cells is of great significance for improving battery safety. At the same time, existing thermal management systems have limitations in heat exchange efficiency during higher-rate charging and discharging, which can easily lead to excessively high temperature rises during high-rate charging and discharging, resulting in significant safety risks. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a battery module, battery pack, and power supply device to solve the technical problem of significant safety risks in existing battery modules.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in this application is as follows:

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a battery module, comprising: a battery cell and a heat exchange device. The battery cell includes at least one battery cell, and a plurality of battery cells are arranged sequentially along a first direction. The battery cell includes a pressure relief mechanism. The heat exchange device has a receiving cavity for accommodating the battery cell. The heat exchange device has a heat exchange channel inside which a heat exchange medium is allowed to flow. The heat exchange channel is configured to contact the surface of the battery cell at least on one side along the first direction, and / or at least on one side along the second direction, and / or at least on one side along the third direction for heat exchange. The heat exchange device also has an exhaust channel, which is configured to communicate with the pressure relief mechanism to collect the exhaust material discharged by the pressure relief mechanism during braking and guide the exhaust material to the outside of the battery module.

[0006] In one or more embodiments of this application, the heat exchange device is provided with a fireproof structure, which is configured to connect with the exhaust passage when the pressure relief mechanism is braked and the pressure reaches a threshold.

[0007] In one or more embodiments of this application, the heat exchange device includes a first plate, a second plate disposed opposite to the first plate, a first end plate, and a second end plate disposed opposite to the first end plate. The first plate and the second plate extend along a first direction, and the first end plate and the second end plate are respectively disposed at both ends of the first plate and the second plate along the first direction. The first plate, the second plate, the first end plate, and the second end plate form a receiving cavity for accommodating a battery cell.

[0008] The first plate and the second plate are arranged opposite each other along a third direction to limit the battery cell in the third direction, and the first end plate and the second end plate are arranged opposite each other along a first direction to limit the battery cell in the first direction.

[0009] In one or more embodiments of this application, the pressure relief mechanism is provided on at least one side of the battery cell along a third direction. The first plate, the second plate, the first end plate, and the second end plate are all provided with interconnected heat exchange channels. The heat exchange channels are in contact with the surface of the battery cell on both sides along the first direction and both sides along the third direction to exchange heat. The first end plate is provided with an inlet and the second end plate is provided with an outlet to allow the heat exchange medium to enter the heat exchange channel from the inlet and be discharged from the outlet.

[0010] The first end plate and the second end plate are respectively provided with a flow divider on the side facing the first plate body and the second plate body. The flow divider is connected to the heat exchange channel in the first end plate or the second end plate. The flow divider extends out of the first end plate or the second end plate and is inserted into the heat exchange channel in the first plate body and the second plate body, so as to allow the heat exchange channel in the first end plate and the second end plate to be connected with the heat exchange channel in the first plate body and the second plate body.

[0011] In one or more embodiments of this application, the exhaust channel includes a first exhaust groove, which is disposed in at least one of the first plate and the second plate and is located on the side facing the pressure relief mechanism of the battery cell. The two ends of the first exhaust groove pass through the first plate or the second plate along a first direction. The first exhaust groove is a recessed groove structure formed inward toward the first plate or the second plate, and the first exhaust groove is open on the side facing the battery cell.

[0012] In one or more embodiments of this application, the exhaust channel further includes a second exhaust groove, which is disposed on the side of the first end plate and the second end plate facing the first exhaust groove. The second exhaust groove is connected to the first exhaust groove and extends in a third direction and has an opening at one end.

[0013] In one or more embodiments of this application, the fireproof structure includes a cavity disposed inside the first plate and / or the second plate and at a position corresponding to the first exhaust groove. The cavity is disposed on the side of the first exhaust groove away from the battery cell. The cavity extends along a first direction and is closed at both ends. The cavity is filled with fire extinguishing material. A partition plate is provided between the cavity and the first exhaust groove. The partition plate is configured to connect the cavity to the outside when the pressure reaches a threshold to allow the fire extinguishing material to be discharged.

[0014] In one or more embodiments of this application, a gap is provided between the cavity and at least one heat exchange channel adjacent thereto, the gap allowing the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange channel to enter the cavity.

[0015] Secondly, this application also provides a battery pack, comprising: a housing and at least one of the aforementioned battery modules, the housing having at least one explosion-proof valve; at least one battery module is disposed within the housing, and the venting passage of each battery module is connected to at least one explosion-proof valve.

[0016] Thirdly, this application also provides an electrical device including the aforementioned battery pack.

[0017] Based on the above technical solutions, the battery module, battery pack, and power-consuming device of this application have at least the following beneficial technical effects:

[0018] The battery module of this application incorporates a heat exchange device with internal heat exchange channels that allow the flow of heat exchange medium. Heat exchange occurs through contact between these heat exchange channels and the surfaces of the battery cells along at least one side of a first direction, and / or at least one side of a second direction, and / or at least one side of a third direction. This facilitates timely removal of heat from the battery cells, maintaining a stable temperature. Simultaneously, the heat exchange device integrates an exhaust channel connected to the pressure relief mechanism of the battery cells. In the event of thermal runaway, emissions from the pressure relief mechanism can directly enter the exhaust channel and be promptly discharged outside the battery module after collection. This prevents thermal runaway emissions from affecting other battery cells, avoids heat propagation, and improves the safety of the battery module.

[0019] In addition, the battery module in this application embodiment is also provided with a fireproof structure in the heat exchange device. When thermal runaway occurs, the fireproof structure can be destroyed when the pressure of the emissions from the pressure relief mechanism in the exhaust channel reaches a threshold, so that it is connected to the exhaust channel. The fire extinguishing material inside the fireproof structure is released to cool or extinguish the battery cell that has experienced thermal runaway, thereby suppressing thermal runaway and improving the safety of the battery module. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the battery module of this application.

[0022] Figure 2 This is an exploded structural diagram of the battery module of this application.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the heat exchange device of this application.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the first plate, the second plate, and the second end plate in the battery cell and heat exchange device of this application.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the first plate of this application.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a side view structural diagram of the first plate of this application.

[0027] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 AA section diagram.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the first end plate of this application.

[0029] Figure 9 This is a top view of the first end plate of this application.

[0030] Figure 10 yes Figure 9 BB cross-section diagram.

[0031] Figure 11 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the battery pack of this application.

[0032] In the diagram: 10-Battery module; 11-Battery unit; 12-Heat exchange device; 20-Box; 111-Battery cell; 120-Cavity; 121-First end plate; 122-Second end plate; 123-First plate; 124-Second plate; 125-Heat exchange channel; 126-Exhaust channel; 127-Fireproof structure; 128-Liquid inlet; 129-Liquid outlet; 201-Explosion-proof valve; 1111-Pressure relief mechanism; 1200-Receiving cavity; 1201-Notch; 1202-Spare plate; 1211-Second exhaust groove; 1212-Diverter port; 1213-Opening; 1231-First exhaust groove. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects to be solved by this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0034] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly on that other component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to that other component.

[0035] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0036] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0037] In related technologies, batteries undergo rapid charging at rates exceeding 3C, resulting in short charging times but also significant heat generation. Existing heat exchange systems are typically located only at the bottom of the battery, limiting the heat exchange area between the battery and the system. This limits their ability to handle higher charging and discharging rates, leading to excessive temperature rise and significant safety risks. Furthermore, in the event of thermal runaway, existing heat exchange systems lack effective channels to ensure the smooth discharge of waste gases, making heat propagation more likely and reducing battery safety.

[0038] Based on the above considerations, in order to address the technical problem of significant safety risks in existing battery modules, this application provides a battery module including a battery cell and a heat exchange device. The battery cell includes at least one battery cell, and multiple battery cells are arranged sequentially along a first direction. The battery cell includes a pressure relief mechanism. The heat exchange device has a receiving cavity for accommodating the battery cell. The heat exchange device has a heat exchange channel inside that allows the flow of a heat exchange medium. The heat exchange channel is configured to contact the surface of the battery cell at least on at least one side along the first direction, and / or at least one side along the second direction, and / or at least one side along the third direction for heat exchange. The heat exchange device also has an exhaust channel, which is configured to communicate with the pressure relief mechanism to collect emissions discharged by the pressure relief mechanism during braking and guide the emissions to the outside of the battery module.

[0039] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, a heat exchange device is provided, which has a heat exchange channel inside that allows the heat exchange medium to flow. By contacting the heat exchange channel with the surface of the battery cell along at least one side of the first direction, and / or along at least one side of the second direction, and / or along at least one side of the third direction, heat exchange is carried away from the battery cell in a timely manner, so that the battery cell temperature remains stable. At the same time, the heat exchange device integrates an exhaust channel, which is connected to the pressure relief mechanism of the battery cell. Thus, in the event of thermal runaway, the emissions discharged by the pressure relief mechanism can directly enter the exhaust channel and be discharged to the outside of the battery module in a timely manner after being collected in the exhaust channel. This avoids the thermal runaway emissions from affecting other battery cells and improves the safety of the battery module.

[0040] The battery module in this application refers to a module comprising one or more battery cells connected in series or parallel. The battery pack refers to a physical module comprising one or more battery modules to provide higher voltage and capacity. The battery pack disclosed in this application is applicable to various battery-powered devices, including but not limited to mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, power tools, electric vehicles, electric cars, ships, spacecraft, etc. Electric toys can include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc. Spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc.

[0041] The technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0042] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 This application provides a battery module, including a battery cell 11 and a heat exchange device 12. The battery cell 11 includes at least one battery cell 111, and multiple battery cells 111 are arranged sequentially along a first direction X to form the battery cell 11. Each battery cell 111 can be a secondary battery or a primary battery; it can also be a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery, or a magnesium-ion battery, but is not limited to these. The battery cell 111 can be cylindrical, flat, cuboid, or other shapes. The first direction X can be the length direction of the battery cell 11. Multiple battery cells 111 can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed configuration, where a mixed configuration means that multiple battery cells 111 are connected in both series and parallel. Please refer to... Figure 2 The battery cell 111 includes a pressure relief mechanism 1111. The pressure relief mechanism 1111 is a structural component that can be opened in time when the temperature or pressure inside the battery cell 111 is too high. The pressure relief mechanism 1111 can be an explosion-proof valve.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 3The heat exchange device 12 of this application has a receiving cavity 1200 for accommodating a battery cell 11, which allows the battery cell 11 to be installed within the heat exchange device 12. The heat exchange device 12 has a heat exchange channel 125 inside, allowing the flow of a heat exchange medium. The heat exchange channel 125 is configured to contact the surface of the battery cell 11 at least on one side along a first direction X, and / or at least on one side along a second direction Y, and / or at least on one side along a third direction Z for heat exchange. The first direction X can be the length direction of the battery cell 11, the second direction Y can be the width direction of the battery cell 11, and the third direction Z can be the height direction of the battery cell 11. It is understood that in some embodiments, to meet the requirement of rapid heat exchange, the side of the heat exchange channel 125 in contact with the surface of the battery cell 11 may satisfy one, two, or three of the above three conditions. In other words, the heat exchange channel 125 can exchange heat with one or both surfaces along the length direction of the battery cell 11, one or both surfaces along the width direction of the battery cell 11, and one or both surfaces along the height direction of the battery cell 11. It can also simultaneously or partially satisfy these conditions. Specifically, in this embodiment, to improve heat exchange efficiency, the heat exchange channel 125 exchanges heat with both surfaces along the length direction of the battery cell 11 and also with both surfaces along the height direction of the battery cell 11. This allows for heat exchange on multiple sides of the battery cell 11, meeting the high heat generation requirements of high-rate charge / discharge batteries, promptly cooling the battery, and improving battery safety.

[0044] For details, please refer to Figure 3The heat exchange device 12 includes a first plate 123, a second plate 124 opposite to the first plate 123, a first end plate 121, and a second end plate 122 opposite to the first end plate 121. The first plate 123 and the second plate 124 extend along a first direction X. The first end plate 121 and the second end plate 122 are respectively located at opposite ends of the first plate 123 and the second plate 124 along the first direction X, thereby forming a receiving cavity 1200 for accommodating the battery unit 11 between the first plate 123, the second plate 124, the first end plate 121, and the second end plate 122. The first plate 123 and the second plate 124 are opposite to each other along a third direction Z to limit the battery unit 11 in the third direction Z, and the first end plate 121 and the second end plate 122 are opposite to each other along the first direction X to limit the battery unit 11 in the first direction X. So that after the battery unit 11 is installed into the receiving cavity 1200, the first plate 123 and the second plate 124 are respectively limited to the upper and lower sides in the height direction of the battery unit 11, and the first end plate 121 and the second end plate 122 are respectively limited to the left and right sides in the length direction of the battery unit 11, so that the battery unit 11 is stably accommodated in the receiving cavity 1200 of the heat exchange device.

[0045] For details, please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 The first plate 123, the second plate 124, the first end plate 121, and the second end plate 122 are all equipped with interconnected heat exchange channels 125. Please refer to... Figure 3 The heat exchange channel 125 contacts the surface of the battery cell 11 on both sides along the first direction X and both sides along the third direction Z for heat exchange. A liquid inlet 128 is provided on the first end plate 121, and a liquid outlet 129 is provided on the second end plate 122, allowing the heat exchange medium to enter the heat exchange channel 125 from the liquid inlet 128 and exit from the liquid outlet 129. In some embodiments, the liquid inlet 128 is located at the top of the first end plate 121, and the liquid outlet 129 is located at the upper part of the second end plate 122. Thus, the heat exchange medium can enter the heat exchange channel 125 of the first end plate 121 from the liquid inlet 128 at the top of the first end plate 121, then pass through the heat exchange channels of the first plate body 123 and the second plate body 124, and finally enter the heat exchange channel 125 of the second end plate 122 and exit from the liquid outlet 129. This allows heat exchange to occur on both sides of the battery cell 11 along its length and height, improving the heat exchange efficiency of the battery cell 11.

[0046] For further details, please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 8In order to enable the heat exchange channels 125 in the first end plate 121 and the second end plate 122 to be connected to the heat exchange channels 125 in the first plate body 123 and the second plate body 124 respectively, and to avoid leakage at the connection, a diversion port 1212 is provided on the side of the first end plate 121 and the second end plate 122 facing the first plate body 123 and the second plate body 124 respectively. The diversion port 1212 is connected to the heat exchange channel 125 in the first end plate 121 or the second end plate 122. The diversion port 1212 extends out of the first end plate 121 or the second end plate 122 and is inserted into the heat exchange channel 125 in the first plate body 123 and the second plate body 124, so as to allow the heat exchange channels 125 in the first end plate 121 and the second end plate 122 to be connected to the heat exchange channels 125 in the first plate body 123 and the second plate body 124.

[0047] For further details, please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 7 Multiple heat exchange channels 125 extending along the first direction X, i.e., the length direction, can be spaced apart within the first plate 123 or the second plate 124. The number and position of the branch outlets 1212 correspond to the number and position of the heat exchange channels 125 within the first plate 123 or the second plate 124, respectively, so that the branch outlets 1212 can be inserted into the heat exchange channels 125 of the first plate 123 and the second plate 124. Further details can be found in the following section. Figure 8 and Figure 10 Multiple heat exchange channels 125 extending in a third direction (i.e., the height direction) can be provided inside the first end plate 121 or the second end plate 122, and all of them are connected to the liquid inlet 128 or the liquid outlet 129. Therefore, the heat exchange medium entering from the liquid inlet 128 at the top of the first end plate 121 can flow in multiple parallel streams, for example... Figure 3 The heat exchange medium flows in parallel through four channels, and then is discharged from the outlet 129 at the top of the second end plate 122, ensuring that the heat exchange medium fully exchanges heat with multiple surfaces of the battery unit 11 and improves heat exchange efficiency.

[0048] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The heat exchange device 12 of this application also includes an exhaust passage 126, which is configured to communicate with the pressure relief mechanism 1111 to collect the emissions discharged by the pressure relief mechanism 1111 during braking and guide the emissions to the outside of the battery module. The communication between the exhaust passage 126 and the pressure relief mechanism 1111 can be understood as at least a portion of the exhaust passage 126 being provided corresponding to the pressure relief mechanism 1111, so that when a battery cell 111 experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature emissions discharged from the pressure relief mechanism 1111 can directly enter the exhaust passage 126.

[0049] For details, please refer to Figure 2The pressure relief mechanism 1111 is disposed on at least one side of the battery cell 111 along the third direction Z. In some embodiments, the pressure relief mechanism 1111 of the battery cell 111 is disposed upward in the height direction. Since at least a portion of the exhaust passage 126 is disposed corresponding to the pressure relief mechanism 1111, at least a portion of the exhaust passage 126 is disposed on the first plate 123. In other embodiments, the pressure relief mechanism 1111 is disposed downward in the height direction, and at least a portion of the exhaust passage 126 is disposed on the second plate 124. Of course, although the pressure relief mechanism 1111 may be disposed only upward or downward, at least a portion of the exhaust passage 126 may also be disposed on both the first plate 123 and the second plate 124.

[0050] For further details, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 5 To ensure the smooth discharge of high-temperature emissions released during thermal runaway, the exhaust channel 126 includes a first exhaust groove 1231, which is disposed in at least one of the first plate 123 and the second plate 124. Preferably, the first exhaust groove 1231 is located at least on the side facing the pressure relief mechanism 1111 of the battery cell 11. This allows the high-temperature emissions discharged from the pressure relief mechanism 1111 to enter the first exhaust groove 1231 in the event of thermal runaway in a battery cell 111. Please refer to... Figure 4 The first vent groove 1231 extends through both ends of the first plate 123 or the second plate 124 along the first direction X. That is, both ends of the first vent groove 1231 are open. The first vent groove 1231 is a recessed structure formed inwards towards the first plate 123 or the second plate 124, and the first vent groove 1231 is open on the side facing the battery cell 11. Figure 5 As shown, in a specific embodiment, the first exhaust groove 1231 is an arc-shaped groove formed by indentation towards the first plate 123 or the second plate 124. The arc-shaped groove facilitates the collection of high-temperature emissions and guides the high-temperature emissions to flow to both sides. The fact that the first exhaust groove 1231 is open on the side facing the battery unit 11 can be understood as the first exhaust groove 1231 being directly covered above or below the pressure relief mechanism 1111 of the battery unit 11, so that the high-temperature emissions discharged from the pressure relief mechanism 1111 can directly enter the first exhaust groove 1231.

[0051] For further details, please refer to Figure 8The exhaust passage 126 also includes a second exhaust channel 1211, which is located on the side of the first end plate 121 and the second end plate 122 facing the first exhaust channel 1231. Since both sides of the first exhaust channel 1231 are open, high-temperature emissions can flow to both open sides respectively. Therefore, by providing second exhaust channels 1211 on both the first end plate 121 and the second end plate 122, and connecting the second exhaust channels 1211 to the first exhaust channel 1231, the high-temperature emissions in the first exhaust channel 1231 can be guided to the second exhaust channel 1211 and then discharged. The second exhaust channel 1211 extends in a third direction Z and has an opening 1213 at one end, so that the emissions in the first exhaust channel 1231 and the second exhaust channel 1211 can be discharged to the outside through the opening 1213. In some embodiments, when the battery pack is applied to a vehicle, in order to protect the safety of the occupants, the opening 1213 can be provided at the bottom of the first end plate 121 and the second end plate 122. In this way, when thermal runaway occurs, the high-temperature emissions can enter the second exhaust channel 1211 along the first exhaust channel 1231 and then be discharged to the outside from the opening 1213 at the bottom, thus avoiding the high-temperature emissions from being discharged upwards and causing harm to the occupants.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 In some embodiments, the heat exchange device 12 of this application is further provided with a fireproof structure 127. The fireproof structure 127 is configured to connect with the exhaust channel 126 when the pressure relief mechanism 1111 is braked and the pressure reaches a threshold. The fireproof structure 127 can be used as a component to release fire extinguishing material in the event of thermal runaway. In the event of thermal runaway, the fireproof structure can be destroyed when the pressure in the exhaust channel 126 reaches a threshold due to the accumulation of emissions from the pressure relief mechanism, thus connecting it with the exhaust channel 126. The fire extinguishing material inside the fireproof structure 127 is released to cool or extinguish the battery cells that have experienced thermal runaway, thereby suppressing thermal runaway and improving the safety of the battery module.

[0053] For details, please refer to Figure 7The fireproof structure 127 includes a cavity 120 disposed inside the first plate 123 and / or the second plate 124, corresponding to the position of the first vent groove 1231. In a specific embodiment, the fireproof structure 127 may be disposed on both the first plate 123 and the second plate 124. The cavity 120 is disposed on the side of the first vent groove 1231 away from the battery unit 11, that is, the cavity 120 is formed on the side of the first vent groove 1231 away from the battery unit 11. The cavity 120 extends along the first direction X and is closed at both ends, which can be sealed by plugs. The cavity 120 is filled with fire extinguishing material. A spacer 1202 is provided between the cavity 120 and the first exhaust channel 1231. One side of the spacer 1202 can be understood as the channel wall of the first exhaust channel 1231. The spacer 1202 is arc-shaped to form an arc-shaped first exhaust channel 1231. The other side of the spacer 1202 is the cavity wall of the cavity 120. That is to say, the cavity 120 and the first exhaust channel 1231 are isolated by the spacer 1202. The spacer 1202 is configured to connect the cavity 120 to the outside when the pressure reaches a threshold, so as to allow the fire extinguishing material to be discharged. In this way, when there is too much high-temperature emission, resulting in too much pressure in the first exhaust channel 1231, the spacer 1202 can be broken, releasing the internal fire extinguishing material, which can be directly applied to the battery cell that has experienced thermal runaway to cool or extinguish the fire, thereby suppressing thermal runaway and improving the safety of the battery module.

[0054] In some embodiments, the cavity 120 can be isolated from the adjacent heat exchange channel 125, that is, the cavity 120 is filled with fire extinguishing material alone. When thermal runaway occurs, the high-temperature airflow or particles can break through the partition plate 1202 to release the fire extinguishing material inside, thereby cooling or extinguishing the fire.

[0055] In other embodiments, the heat exchange medium within the heat exchange channel 125 can also be used as a fire extinguishing material. For details, please refer to... Figure 7 A notch 1201 is provided between the cavity 120 and at least one adjacent heat exchange channel 125. In this embodiment, both the cavity 120 and the two adjacent heat exchange channels 125 are provided with notches 1201, allowing the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange channel 125 to enter the cavity 120. Under normal conditions, the cavity 120 is connected to the heat exchange channel 125, causing the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange channel 125 to enter the cavity 120 and form a dead zone. The heat exchange medium does not flow or flows slowly in the cavity 120. When thermal runaway occurs, high-temperature and high-pressure gas or particles break through the spacer 1202, and the heat exchange medium in the cavity 120 is released. The heat exchange medium in the heat exchange channel 125 can also actively fill the cavity 120 through the notch 1201, continuously cooling and extinguishing the thermally runaway battery cells, thereby suppressing thermal runaway.

[0056] On the other hand, please refer to Figure 11 This application also provides a battery pack, including a housing 20 and at least one battery module 10. The housing 20 has at least one explosion-proof valve 201. At least one battery module 10 is disposed inside the housing 20, and the exhaust passage 126 of each battery module 10 is connected to at least one explosion-proof valve 201. The explosion-proof valves 201 are disposed on both side walls of the housing 20 along its length. The exhaust passage 126 of each battery module 10 is close to an explosion-proof valve 201 and has a certain gap with the side wall of the housing 20 so that high-temperature and high-pressure emissions discharged from the opening 1213 of the exhaust passage 126 can be discharged from the explosion-proof valve 201.

[0057] In some embodiments, the number of explosion-proof valves 201 can be consistent with the number of battery modules 10, so that each battery module 10 can correspond to one explosion-proof valve 201, so that thermal runaway emissions can be discharged to the outside of the battery pack in a timely manner, avoiding impact on other battery modules and improving the safety of the battery pack.

[0058] In some embodiments, the explosion-proof valve 201 is generally made of metal such as aluminum or stainless steel, or plastic such as nylon, ABS, or PC, to give it certain strength and high temperature resistance.

[0059] On the other hand, this application provides an electrical device including the aforementioned battery pack. In some embodiments, the electrical device further includes a pump body and a heat exchange medium container. The pump body, such as a water pump, ensures that the heat exchange medium flows inside the heat exchange channel 125. The heat exchange medium container is a separate component, positioned higher than the battery pack in the height direction. When injecting a heat exchange medium, such as coolant, into the heat exchange device through the heat exchange medium container, all air inside the heat exchange channel of the heat exchange device can be expelled first. If necessary, a vacuum process can also be performed to remove air from inside the heat exchange device, ensuring that the heat exchange channel is filled with heat exchange medium during heat exchange device circulation.

[0060] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A battery module, characterized in that, include: The battery cell (11) includes at least one battery cell (111), and a plurality of the battery cells (111) are arranged sequentially along a first direction (X). The battery cell (111) includes a pressure relief mechanism (1111). A heat exchange device (12) has a receiving cavity (1200) for accommodating the battery cell (11). The heat exchange device (12) has a heat exchange channel (125) inside which a heat exchange medium can flow. The heat exchange channel (125) is configured to contact the surface of the battery cell (11) for heat exchange on at least one side along the first direction (X), and / or at least one side along the second direction (Y), and / or at least one side along the third direction (Z). The heat exchange device (12) has an exhaust channel (126) configured to communicate with the pressure relief mechanism (1111) to collect the exhaust material discharged by the pressure relief mechanism (1111) during braking and guide the exhaust material to the outside of the battery module.

2. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat exchange device (12) is provided with a fireproof structure (127), which is configured to connect with the exhaust passage (126) when the pressure relief mechanism (1111) is braked and the pressure reaches a threshold.

3. The battery module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The heat exchange device (12) includes a first plate (123), a second plate (124) disposed opposite to the first plate (123), a first end plate (121), and a second end plate (122) disposed opposite to the first end plate (121). The first plate (123) and the second plate (124) extend along the first direction (X). The first end plate (121) and the second end plate (122) are respectively disposed at both ends of the first plate (123) and the second plate (124) along the first direction (X). The first plate (123), the second plate (124), the first end plate (121), and the second end plate (122) form a receiving cavity (1200) for accommodating the battery unit (11). The first plate (123) and the second plate (124) are arranged opposite each other along the third direction (Z) to limit the battery cell (11) in the third direction (Z), and the first end plate (121) and the second end plate (122) are arranged opposite each other along the first direction (X) to limit the battery cell (11) in the first direction (X).

4. The battery module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The pressure relief mechanism (1111) is located on at least one side of the battery cell (111) along the third direction (Z). The first plate (123), the second plate (124), the first end plate (121), and the second end plate (122) are all provided with interconnected heat exchange channels (125). The heat exchange channels (125) are in contact with the surface of the battery cell (11) on both sides along the first direction (X) and both sides along the third direction (Z) for heat exchange. The first end plate (121) is provided with a liquid inlet (128), and the second end plate (122) is provided with a liquid outlet (129) to allow the heat exchange medium to enter the heat exchange channel (125) from the liquid inlet (128) and be discharged from the liquid outlet (129). The first end plate (121) and the second end plate (122) are respectively provided with a diversion port (1212) on the side facing the first plate body (123) and the second plate body (124). The diversion port (1212) is connected to the heat exchange channel (125) in the first end plate (121) or the second end plate (122). The diversion port (1212) extends out of the first end plate (121) or the second end plate (122) and is inserted into the heat exchange channel (125) in the first plate body (123) and the second plate body (124) so ​​as to allow the heat exchange channel (125) in the first end plate (121) and the second end plate (122) to be connected to the heat exchange channel (125) in the first plate body (123) and the second plate body (124).

5. The battery module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The exhaust channel (126) includes a first exhaust groove (1231), which is disposed in at least one of the first plate (123) and the second plate (124) and is located on the side facing the pressure relief mechanism (1111) of the battery cell (11). The first exhaust groove (1231) passes through the first plate (123) or the second plate (124) at both ends along the first direction (X). The first exhaust groove (1231) is a groove structure formed by recessing towards the first plate (123) or the second plate (124), and the first exhaust groove (1231) is open on the side facing the battery unit (11).

6. The battery module according to claim 5, characterized in that, The exhaust channel (126) further includes a second exhaust groove (1211), which is located on the side of the first end plate (121) and the second end plate (122) facing the first exhaust groove (1231). The second exhaust groove (1211) is connected to the first exhaust groove (1231), and the second exhaust groove (1211) extends along the third direction (Z) and has an opening (1213) at one end.

7. The battery module according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fireproof structure (127) includes a cavity (120) disposed inside the first plate (123) and / or the second plate (124) and corresponding to the position of the first exhaust channel (1231). The cavity (120) is disposed on the side of the first exhaust channel (1231) away from the battery cell (11). The cavity (120) extends along the first direction (X) and is closed at both ends. The cavity (120) is filled with fire extinguishing material. A partition plate (1202) is provided between the cavity (120) and the first exhaust channel (1231). The partition plate (1202) is configured to connect the cavity (120) to the outside when the pressure reaches a threshold to allow the fire extinguishing material to be discharged.

8. The battery module according to claim 7, characterized in that, A notch (1201) is provided between the cavity (120) and at least one heat exchange channel (125) adjacent thereto, the notch (1201) allowing the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange channel (125) to enter the cavity (120).

9. A battery pack, characterized in that, include: The enclosure (20) has at least one explosion-proof valve (201); as well as At least one battery module (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is disposed in the housing (20), and the exhaust passage (126) of each battery module (10) is connected to at least one of the explosion-proof valves (201).

10. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, Includes the battery pack as described in claim 9.

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