Intelligent flexible tracking type photovoltaic support

Abstract

The utility model discloses an intelligent flexible tracking type photovoltaic support. The photovoltaic support comprises a main body structure; the main body structure comprises a plurality of vertical columns, a main shaft and a photovoltaic panel, the vertical columns are sequentially arranged at equal intervals, the main shaft is rotationally installed on the vertical columns, and the photovoltaic panel is fixed to the main shaft; the adjusting structure is used for adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic panel so as to adapt to light irradiation at different time or seasons; the adjusting structure comprises a shaft sleeve fixed at the upper end of the stand column and a bearing located in the shaft sleeve, the main shaft is inserted and fixed in an inner ring of the bearing in the shaft sleeve, and the main shaft adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel through the driving mechanism. According to the utility model, the problem of low light energy utilization rate of the traditional fixed photovoltaic support is effectively solved, and the photovoltaic generating capacity is further obviously improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic support equipment technology, specifically to a smart and flexible tracking photovoltaic support. Background Technology

[0002] A photovoltaic (PV) support structure is a device used to support and secure solar photovoltaic (PV) modules. It is typically made of metallic materials such as steel and aluminum alloys, possessing good strength and stability, capable of withstanding the weight of the PV modules and external forces under various environmental conditions, such as wind and earthquakes. The design and installation of PV support structures require consideration of multiple factors, including the layout and orientation of the PV modules, local climate conditions, and topography, to ensure that the PV modules receive sunlight at the optimal angle, thereby improving the efficiency and stability of solar PV power generation, while also guaranteeing the safe and reliable operation of the entire PV power generation system.

[0003] A search revealed Chinese patent application CN202411052775.3, which discloses a photovoltaic bracket comprising: a load-bearing module for fixed connection to a wall; a support module for mounting photovoltaic panels, the support module having at least three connecting parts; and a transfer module including a first connector and a second connector; the first connector includes a rotating rod, one end of which is rotatably connected to the load-bearing module, and the other end of which is rotatably connected to the first connecting part; the second connector is fixedly connected to the load-bearing module, and is detachably connected to either the second connecting part or the third connecting part; when the second connector is detachably connected to the second connecting part, the distance between the first connecting part and the load-bearing module is a first distance, and when the second connector is detachably connected to the third connecting part, the distance between the first connecting part and the load-bearing module is a second distance, wherein the first distance is greater than the second distance.

[0004] The above-mentioned technical solutions and traditional photovoltaic brackets still have shortcomings. Once installed, the orientation and tilt angle of the photovoltaic modules are fixed. However, due to the Earth's rotation and revolution, the position of the sun changes constantly throughout the day and in different seasons. Fixed photovoltaic brackets cannot adjust the angle of the photovoltaic modules in real time according to the sun's position, which means that the photovoltaic modules cannot always receive sunlight in the best posture, resulting in low light energy utilization and thus affecting photovoltaic power generation. Therefore, we need to propose a smart and flexible tracking photovoltaic bracket. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a smart and flexible tracking photovoltaic bracket, which effectively solves the problem of low light energy utilization of traditional fixed photovoltaic brackets, thereby significantly improving photovoltaic power generation and addressing the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0007] Intelligent and flexible tracking photovoltaic mounting system includes:

[0008] Main structure;

[0009] The main structure includes several sets of columns, a main shaft, and photovoltaic panels. The sets of columns are arranged at equal intervals in sequence, the main shaft is rotatably mounted on the columns, and the photovoltaic panels are fixed on the main shaft.

[0010] It also includes an adjustment structure for adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic panel to adapt to different times or seasons of sunlight;

[0011] The adjustment structure includes a bushing fixed to the upper end of the column and a bearing located inside the bushing. The main shaft is inserted and fixed to the inner ring of the bearing inside the bushing. The main shaft adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel through a drive mechanism.

[0012] Preferably, the drive mechanism is located at one end of the main shaft. The drive mechanism includes a side plate and a motor. The side plate is used to support the motor. The motor is mounted on the side plate, and the output end of the motor drives the drive gear. A driven gear is mounted at one end of the main shaft. The drive gear and the driven gear mesh with each other.

[0013] Preferably, the main shaft is a square steel structure with an inner grid, and a fixing frame is fixedly installed on one outer wall of the main shaft by U-bolts, and the photovoltaic panel is fixed to the top of the fixing frame by fixing screws.

[0014] Preferably, the fixing frame is designed in a Z-shape, and multiple sets of fixing frames are equidistantly arranged on the main shaft to install multiple sets of photovoltaic panels.

[0015] Preferably, a welding plate is welded to the upper end of the column, and a welding frame for placing the bushing is welded to the welding plate. The upper part of the welding frame is arranged in an arc shape to support the bushing. The bushing is placed in the welding frame and then fixed by a clamp.

[0016] Preferably, the clamp is designed in a Z-shape, with the lower ends of the two arms of the clamp attached to the top of the welding plate and fixed by fixing screws.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0018] 1. This utility model, through adjusting the structure and driving mechanism, can adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel according to the sunlight at different times or seasons. The main shaft is connected to the column through the bushing and bearing, and is driven by the motor and gear mechanism to rotate, thereby changing the orientation and tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel, so that it can adapt to the sun position in real time, and the photovoltaic module can always receive sunlight in the best posture. This effectively solves the problem of low light energy utilization of traditional fixed photovoltaic brackets, and thus significantly improves photovoltaic power generation.

[0019] 2. Most components are connected by bolts and screws, such as U-bolts for fixing brackets and screws for fixing clamps. This makes it easier to disassemble and replace components during maintenance and repair, reducing maintenance costs and difficulty and improving maintenance efficiency.

[0020] 3. The columns, welding plates, welding frames, and clamps constitute a stable support structure. The welding plates and welding frames welded to the upper end of the columns, as well as the Z-shaped clamps, are tightly fixed with fixing screws, providing reliable support for the bushings and ensuring the stability of the main shaft installation. This effectively resists the influence of external wind, vibration, and other factors, ensuring the stable operation of the entire photovoltaic support system under various environmental conditions. The main shaft adopts a square steel structure with internal grids, which enhances its strength and rigidity, enabling it to withstand the weight of the photovoltaic panels and fixing frames, as well as the stress generated during adjustment, further improving the reliability of the support structure. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing frame of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged diagram of point A in the middle.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Fixing frame; 2. Column; 3. Main shaft; 4. Clamp; 5. Bushing; 6. Welding plate; 7. Welding frame; 8. Photovoltaic panel. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0026] Please see Figures 1-3 This utility model provides a smart and flexible tracking photovoltaic bracket, comprising:

[0027] Main structure; The main structure includes several sets of columns 2, main shaft 3 and photovoltaic panels 8. The several sets of columns 2 are arranged at equal intervals in sequence, the main shaft 3 is rotatably mounted on the columns 2, and the photovoltaic panels 8 are fixed on the main shaft 3.

[0028] It also includes an adjustment structure for adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic panel 8 to adapt to different times or seasons of sunlight; the adjustment structure includes a bushing 5 fixed to the upper end of the column 2 and a bearing located inside the bushing 5, the main shaft 3 is inserted and fixed to the inner ring of the bearing inside the bushing 5, and the main shaft 3 adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel 8 through a drive mechanism.

[0029] The drive mechanism is located at one end of the main shaft 3. The drive mechanism includes a side plate and a motor. The side plate is used to support the motor. The motor is mounted on the side plate, and the output end of the motor drives the drive gear. A driven gear is mounted at one end of the main shaft 3. The drive gear and the driven gear mesh with each other.

[0030] By adjusting the structure and drive mechanism, the angle of the photovoltaic panel 8 can be adjusted according to the sunlight at different times or seasons. The main shaft 3 is connected to the column 2 through the bushing 5 and bearing, and is driven by the motor and gear mechanism to rotate, thereby changing the orientation and tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel 8, so that it can adapt to the sun's position in real time, and the photovoltaic module can always receive sunlight in the best posture. This effectively solves the problem of low light energy utilization of traditional fixed photovoltaic brackets, and thus significantly improves photovoltaic power generation.

[0031] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 :

[0032] The main shaft 3 is a square steel structure with an internal grid. A mounting bracket 1 is fixedly installed on one outer wall of the main shaft 3 by U-bolts. The photovoltaic panels 8 are fixed to the top of the mounting bracket 1 by fixing screws. The mounting bracket 1 has a Z-shaped design, and multiple sets of mounting bracket 1 are equidistantly arranged on the main shaft 3 to install multiple sets of photovoltaic panels 8.

[0033] A welding plate 6 is welded to the upper end of the column 2. A welding bracket 7 for placing the bushing 5 is welded to the welding plate 6. The upper part of the welding bracket 7 is arc-shaped to support the bushing 5. After the bushing 5 is placed in the welding bracket 7, it is fixed by the clamp 4. The clamp 4 is designed in a Z-shape. The lower ends of the two arms of the clamp 4 are attached to the top of the welding plate 6 and fixed by fixing screws.

[0034] The photovoltaic panel 8 is fixed to the main shaft 3 by the fixing frame 1 and fixing screws. The fixing frame 1 is in the shape of a "Z" and multiple sets are set at equal intervals. This design makes the installation process of the photovoltaic panel 8 simple and convenient, and facilitates the quick and accurate installation of multiple sets of photovoltaic panels 8 on the main shaft 3. The components are mostly connected by bolts and screws, such as U-bolts to fix the fixing frame 1 and fixing screws to fix the clamp 4. During maintenance and repair, it is convenient to disassemble and replace the components, which reduces maintenance costs and difficulties and improves maintenance efficiency.

[0035] In practical use:

[0036] A detection bracket is installed on one side of the photovoltaic support structure, and a solar position detection unit is mounted on the bracket. This unit employs a dual-axis photoelectric sensor, comprising sensing units in both horizontal and vertical directions. Multiple photosensitive probes are mounted on the sensor surface. By comparing the differences in light intensity received by different probes, the azimuth and altitude angles of the sun are calculated. For example, when the sun rises in the east, the probe on the east side of the sensor receives stronger light, and the azimuth angle is calculated using a built-in algorithm; similarly, the altitude angle data can be derived. This sensor possesses environmental adaptability, automatically adjusting its sensitivity according to different weather conditions (sunny, cloudy, rainy) to ensure accurate detection of the sun's position under various lighting conditions.

[0037] A tilt sensor is mounted on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 8 to monitor its attitude changes in real time. Based on MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems) technology, the tilt sensor can accurately measure the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel 8 in both horizontal and vertical directions. The sensor outputs the angle data as an electrical signal with an accuracy of 0.1°, providing the controller with accurate information on the current attitude of the photovoltaic panel 8.

[0038] This utility model also includes a control box for controlling the operation of the equipment. The control box uses a high-performance ARM processor as the core control unit, which has powerful data processing and computing capabilities and can quickly process a large amount of data transmitted from the sensor group. It integrates multiple communication interfaces, including RS485, CAN bus, etc., to achieve stable communication with the sensor group, drive mechanism and remote monitoring system.

[0039] The control box incorporates a solar trajectory calculation model. Based on astronomical calendar data and combined with local latitude, longitude, date, and time information, it accurately calculates the theoretical position (azimuth and altitude) of the sun at different times. Employing a PID (proportional-integral-derivative) control algorithm, it compares the actual position of the sun detected by the sensor with the current angle of the photovoltaic panel 8 in real time, calculating the angle deviation. Based on this deviation, the motor speed and rotation direction are adjusted to gradually adjust the photovoltaic panel 8 to the optimal illumination angle.

[0040] The drive mechanism uses a high-precision servo motor as the power source, which has the characteristics of fast response speed and high control accuracy. The motor output drives the active gear, which meshes with the driven gear on the main shaft 3 to transmit power to the main shaft 3, thereby realizing the angle adjustment of the photovoltaic panel 8. The gear transmission system is precisely designed with a transmission ratio of 1:10 to ensure that the small rotation of the motor can be accurately converted into the angle change of the photovoltaic panel 8, meeting the high-precision tracking requirements.

[0041] The specific steps for using this solution are as follows:

[0042] S1. Data Acquisition:

[0043] The sensor array in the solar position detection unit collects data in real time at a frequency of 10 times per second, continuously detecting the azimuth and elevation angles of the sun. The tilt sensor monitors the current angle of the photovoltaic panel 8 in real time. All sensor data is transmitted to the controller in the control box through the communication interface.

[0044] S2. Data Processing and Calculation:

[0045] After receiving the sensor data, the controller in the control box first filters the data to remove noise interference and ensure data accuracy. It then compares the actual sun position data detected by the solar position sensor with the theoretical position obtained from the solar trajectory calculation model to calculate the angle deviation. At the same time, it combines the current angle of the photovoltaic panel 8 (provided by the tilt sensor) to determine the direction and angle that the photovoltaic panel 8 needs to be adjusted.

[0046] S3, Angle Adjustment Control:

[0047] Based on the calculated angle deviation, the controller uses a PID control algorithm to generate motor control signals. For example, when the sun is positioned to the east and the angle of the photovoltaic panel 8 lags behind, the controller sends a forward rotation command to the motor. The motor drives the drive gear, which in turn drives the main shaft 3 to rotate, thereby adjusting the photovoltaic panel 8 to tilt eastward. During the adjustment process, the controller monitors the tilt sensor data in real time to ensure the accuracy of the angle adjustment of the photovoltaic panel 8. When the angle deviation is less than the set threshold (e.g., 0.5°), the controller stops the motor from rotating, and the photovoltaic panel 8 reaches the optimal illumination angle.

[0048] S4. Dynamic adaptive adjustment:

[0049] The system dynamically adjusts according to different weather conditions and time changes. On cloudy days, due to weak light intensity and unstable sun position, the controller can appropriately reduce the tracking frequency to reduce motor operating losses.

[0050] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart and flexible tracking photovoltaic bracket, characterized in that, Comprising: Main body structure; The main body structure includes several groups of columns (2), a main shaft (3) and photovoltaic panels (8). Several groups of columns (2) are arranged equidistantly in sequence. The main shaft (3) is rotatably installed on the columns (2), and the photovoltaic panels (8) are fixed on the main shaft (3); It further includes an adjustment structure for adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic panels (8) to adapt to the light irradiation at different times or seasons; The adjustment structure includes a bushing (5) fixed to the upper end of the column (2) and a bearing located inside the bushing (5). The main shaft (3) is inserted and fixed to the inner ring of the bearing inside the bushing (5), and the main shaft (3) adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panels (8) through a drive mechanism.

2. The intelligent and flexible tracking photovoltaic bracket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive mechanism is located at one end of the main shaft (3). The drive mechanism includes a side plate and a motor. The side plate is used to support the motor. The motor is installed on the side plate, and the output end of the motor drives a driving gear. A driven gear is installed at one end of the main shaft (3), and the driving gear and the driven gear are meshed with each other.

3. The intelligent and flexible tracking photovoltaic bracket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main shaft (3) is a square steel structure with internal grids. A fixing bracket (1) is fixedly installed on one outer wall of the main shaft (3) through a U-shaped bolt. The photovoltaic panel (8) is fixed to the top of the fixing bracket (1) through a fixing screw.

4. The intelligent and flexible tracking photovoltaic bracket according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fixing bracket (1) is designed in a U-shape, and multiple groups of fixing brackets (1) are arranged equidistantly on the main shaft (3) to install multiple groups of photovoltaic panels (8).

5. The intelligent and flexible tracking photovoltaic bracket according to claim 1, characterized in that: A welding plate (6) is welded to the upper end of the column (2). A welding bracket (7) for placing the bushing (5) is welded on the welding plate (6). The upper part of the welding bracket (7) is arranged in an arc shape to support the bushing (5). After the bushing (5) is placed in the welding bracket (7), it is fixed through a hoop (4).

6. The intelligent and flexible tracking photovoltaic bracket according to claim 5, characterized in that: The hoop (4) is designed in a U-shape, and the lower ends of the two arms of the hoop (4) are fitted to the top of the welding plate (6) and fixed through fixing screws.

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