Riverbed rock breaking cutterhead

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of rock breaking technology, and discloses a riverbed rock breaking cutterhead which comprises a cutterhead frame and a rotating shaft located at the top of the cutterhead frame, the rotating shaft is rotationally connected with a drilling cylinder, a plurality of sets of hobs are installed on the cutterhead frame, and a plurality of sets of striking assemblies are further arranged on the cutterhead frame. The beating assembly comprises a beating piece and a reset spring, and the beating piece is installed on the cutter head frame in a sliding mode. A cavity is formed in the rotating shaft, and a driving disc for driving the striking piece to strike downwards is connected in the cavity; a mounting cavity for mounting the striking component is formed in the bottom of the cutter head frame, the striking component comprises a striking block and an ejector rod, a through hole communicated with the cavity is formed in the top of the mounting cavity, the ejector rod is sleeved with the reset spring, the top end of the reset spring is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the mounting cavity, and the bottom end of the reset spring is fixedly connected to the top of the striking block; a plurality of driving blocks are formed at the bottom of the driving disc. The hob and the beating assembly are used for crushing the rock stratum at the same time, and the crushing efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of rock breaking technology, specifically relating to a riverbed rock breaking cutterhead. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of shipping demand, the existing width and depth of waterways cannot meet the needs of shipping, making waterway widening and deepening a major area of ​​engineering construction. Currently, waterway widening and deepening construction typically uses cutter suction dredgers when encountering silt, soft soil, or sandy strata; while rock breaking is generally required when encountering soft rock, hard rock, or extremely hard rock. Traditional rock breaking technology mainly relies on roller cutterheads to crush the rock. In this technology, the roller cutter rings create cracks in the rock by compressing it, causing the rock to break and fall. However, this traditional rock breaking method is inefficient when facing hard or extremely hard rock geological conditions, requiring a long time for the cutterhead to move.

[0003] In view of this, the inventor conducted in-depth research on the aforementioned deficiencies in the prior art, which led to the creation of this case. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a riverbed rock-breaking cutterhead that can improve the crushing efficiency of hard rock.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0006] A riverbed rock-breaking cutterhead includes a cutterhead frame and a rotating shaft located at the top of the cutterhead frame. The rotating shaft is rotatably connected to a drill barrel. Multiple sets of roller cutters are mounted on the cutterhead frame, which also has multiple sets of striking components. Each striking component includes a striking element and a return spring. The striking element is slidably mounted on the cutterhead frame. A cavity is formed within the rotating shaft, and a drive disc for driving the striking element to strike downwards is connected within the cavity. The drive disc rotates in cooperation with the cavity. A mounting cavity for mounting the striking components is formed at the bottom of the cutterhead frame. The device includes a striking block that slides into the mounting cavity and a top rod located on top of the striking block. The top of the mounting cavity has a through hole communicating with the cavity. The top rod extends into the cavity through the through hole. A return spring is sleeved on the top rod. The top end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the mounting cavity, and the bottom end is fixedly connected to the top of the striking block. The bottom of the drive disk has multiple drive blocks. The drive blocks are arc-shaped, and the height of the drive blocks gradually decreases along the rotation direction of the cutter head until they are flush with the lower surface of the drive disk.

[0007] Furthermore, ball bearings are provided between the drive disc and the inner wall of the cavity, and a limiting shaft is provided at the top of the drive disc, which is inserted into the drill barrel. The connection between the limiting shaft and the drill barrel prevents the drive disc from rotating.

[0008] Furthermore, the top of the push rod is a spherical surface. This allows for smoother sliding between the push rod and the drive block.

[0009] Furthermore, the bottom of the striking block is an arc surface; the bottom of the striking block is formed by several protruding crushing particles. These crushing particles make it easier to break up the rock strata.

[0010] Furthermore, the roller cutter and the striking assembly are arranged in multiple layers along the radial direction of the cutter head holder, and the roller cutters and the striking assembly in each layer are staggered. The multiple layers of roller cutters and striking assemblies improve rock-breaking efficiency.

[0011] Furthermore, a crushing cone is provided at the bottom center of the cutter head holder, and several crushing particles are provided on the crushing cone. The hydraulic breaker can be used to crush the rock strata in the middle section.

[0012] Furthermore, the side wall of the cutter head holder is formed with several chip removal grooves arranged in a circular array; the chip removal grooves are spiral-shaped. The chip removal grooves facilitate the discharge of crushed stone chips.

[0013] Furthermore, several abrasive particles are formed at the edge of the cutter head holder. By setting abrasive particles at the edge of the cutter head holder, larger crushed stones can be further compressed and crushed.

[0014] With the above structure, the riverbed rock-breaking cutterhead of this utility model, compared with the prior art, sets multiple sets of striking components on the cutterhead frame. When the cutterhead frame rotates, the drive plate remains stationary, and the top rod of the striking component moves continuously along the drive block, thereby pushing the striking component downward, so that the striking block strikes the rock layer. At the same time, the roller cutter also continuously squeezes the rock layer and crushes it. With the cooperation of the two, it is easier to break the rock layer and improve the crushing efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0015] This utility model can be further illustrated by the non-limiting embodiments given in the accompanying drawings;

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention from another angle;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the drive disk structure in this utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the striking component in this utility model;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the drill barrel and the cutter head in this utility model;

[0021] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0022] The symbols of the main components are explained as follows: cutter head holder 1, mounting cavity 11, perforation 111, grinding particles 12, chip removal groove 13, rotating shaft 2, cavity 21, hob 3, drill barrel 4, impact assembly 5, impacting component 51, impacting block 511, crushed particles 5111, push rod 512, return spring 52, drive disc 6, drive block 61, limit shaft 62, ball bearing 7, crushing cone 8, crushed particles 81. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that similar or identical parts are referred to by the same reference numerals in the drawings or description. Implementations not shown or described in the drawings are forms known to those skilled in the art. Furthermore, directional terms mentioned in the embodiments, such as "up," "down," "top," "bottom," "left," "right," "front," and "back," are only for reference to the directions in the drawings and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] like Figures 1-6As shown, this utility model relates to a riverbed rock-breaking cutterhead, which includes a cutterhead holder 1 and a rotating shaft 2 located at the top of the cutterhead holder 1. The rotating shaft 2 is rotatably connected to a drill barrel 4. A mounting plate is provided inside the drill barrel 4, and a drive mechanism for driving the cutterhead holder 1 to rotate is mounted on the mounting plate. Specifically, an internal gear ring is provided at the top of the rotating shaft 2. The drive mechanism includes a motor and a bevel gear. The bevel gear meshes with the internal gear ring and is rotatably connected to the mounting plate. The output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the bevel gear. Multiple sets of drive mechanisms can be set on the mounting plate, and the multiple sets of drive mechanisms are arranged in a circular array. Multiple sets of hobs 3 are mounted on the cutterhead holder 1. The hobs 3 are multi-edged hobs, and the cutting edges are all made of cemented carbide. In order to improve the rock-breaking efficiency, multiple sets of striking components 5 are also provided on the cutterhead holder 1. The striking components 5 include striking elements 51 and return springs 52. The striking elements 51 are slidably mounted on the cutterhead holder 1. A cavity 2 is formed inside the rotating shaft 2. 1. A drive disk 6 is connected inside the cavity 21 to drive the striking component 51 to strike downwards. The drive disk 6 rotates with the cavity 21. The bottom of the cutter head holder 1 forms a mounting cavity 11 for mounting the striking component 5. The striking component 51 includes a striking block 511 that slides with the mounting cavity 11 and a top rod 512 located on the top of the striking block 511. The top of the mounting cavity 11 forms a through hole 111 that communicates with the cavity 21. The top rod 512 extends into the cavity 21 through the through hole 111. A return spring 52 is sleeved on the top rod 512. The top end of the return spring 52 is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the mounting cavity 11, and the bottom end is fixedly connected to the top of the striking block 511. The bottom of the drive disk 6 forms a plurality of driving blocks 61. The driving blocks 61 are arc-shaped. The axis of the driving blocks 61 coincides with the axis of the rotating shaft 2, and the height of the driving blocks 61 gradually decreases along the rotation direction of the cutter head holder 1 until it is flush with the lower surface of the drive disk 6. In addition, to reduce the friction between the inner walls of the cavity 21 of the drive disc 6, ball bearings 7 are provided between the drive disc 6 and the inner wall of the cavity 21 to reduce friction. In order to prevent the drive disc 6 from rotating with the shaft 2, a limiting shaft 62 is provided at the top of the drive disc 6. The limiting shaft 62 is a polygonal prism and is inserted into the mounting plate inside the drill barrel 4. When the cutter head 1 is rotating, the drive disc 6 remains stationary. At this time, the push rod 512 continuously moves from the lower end to the higher end on the drive block 61, thereby continuously pushing the striking block 511 downward to strike the rock layer. Through cooperation with the cutter head, the efficiency of rock layer crushing is improved.

[0025] In this embodiment, in order to make the sliding between the push rod 512 and the drive block 61 smoother, the top of the push rod 512 is set as a spherical surface.

[0026] Since the striking block 511 rotates together with the cutter head 1, the bottom of the striking block 511 is set as an arc surface to make the rotation of the striking block 511 smoother. In addition, in order to improve the striking effect, several protruding crushing particles 5111 are formed at the bottom of the striking block 511. The crushing particles 5111 can reduce the contact area with the rock layer, and can increase the pressure under the same striking force, thus making it easier to crush the rock layer. Specifically, the crushing particles 5111 can be made of diamond.

[0027] To increase the rock-breaking area and improve efficiency, multiple layers of roller cutters 3 and impact components 5 are arranged along the radial direction of the cutter head frame 1, with the roller cutters 3 and impact components 5 staggered in each layer. This allows for the simultaneous impacting and compaction of the same rock layer, making it easier to break the rock.

[0028] Since the roller cutter 3 and the impact assembly 5 are arranged in a circular array, it is inconvenient to place the roller cutter 3 and the impact assembly 5 in the middle position. Therefore, a crushing cone 8 is also provided in the middle of the bottom of the cutter head holder 1, and several crushing particles 81 are provided on the crushing cone 8. The rock strata in the middle part can be crushed by using a hydraulic breaker. Specifically, the crushing particles 81 can be made of diamond.

[0029] To facilitate the discharge of crushed stone chips, several chip discharge grooves 13 are formed on the outer wall of the cutter head holder 1. The chip discharge grooves 13 are arranged in a circular array with the axis of the cutter head holder 1 as the center. Specifically, the chip discharge grooves are spiral-shaped. When the cutter head holder 1 is rotating, it can crush the stone chips while discharging them through the chip discharge grooves 13.

[0030] Specifically, several abrasive particles 12 are formed at the edge of the cutter head holder 1. By setting abrasive particles 12 at the edge of the cutter head holder 1, larger crushed stones can be further crushed by compression.

[0031] The method of using this utility model is as follows: During crushing, the drive mechanism drives the cutter head 1 to rotate, so that the roller cutter 3 on the cutter head 1 crushes the rock layer. At the same time, the top rod 512 of the striking member 51 slides continuously over the drive block 61 of the drive disc 6, forcing the striking block 511 to impact downward, thereby striking the rock layer. Under the dual action of the striking block 511 and the roller cutter 3, the rock layer is more easily crushed, improving the crushing efficiency.

[0032] The above provides a detailed description of a riverbed rock-breaking cutterhead provided by this utility model. The specific embodiments are described only to aid in understanding the method and core concept of this utility model. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to this utility model without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A riverbed rock-breaking cutterhead, comprising a cutterhead frame (1) and a rotating shaft (2) located at the top of the cutterhead frame (1), the rotating shaft (2) being rotatably connected to a drill barrel (4), and a plurality of sets of roller cutters (3) being mounted on the cutterhead frame (1), characterized in that: The cutter head holder (1) is also provided with multiple sets of striking components (5); each striking component (5) includes a striking element (51) and a return spring (52), the striking element (51) being slidably mounted on the cutter head holder (1); a cavity (21) is formed inside the rotating shaft (2), and a drive disk (6) for driving the striking element (51) to strike downwards is connected inside the cavity (21), the drive disk (6) being rotatably engaged with the cavity (21); a mounting cavity (11) for mounting the striking components (5) is formed at the bottom of the cutter head holder (1), the striking element (51) including a striking block (511) slidably engaged with the mounting cavity (11) and a top of the striking block (511). The top rod (512) of the mounting cavity (11) has a through hole (111) communicating with the cavity (21) at the top. The top rod (512) extends into the cavity (21) through the through hole (111). The return spring (52) is sleeved on the top rod (512). The top end of the return spring (52) is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the mounting cavity (11), and the bottom end is fixedly connected to the top of the striking block (511). The bottom of the drive disk (6) has a plurality of drive blocks (61). The drive blocks (61) are arc-shaped, and the height of the drive blocks (61) gradually decreases along the rotation direction of the cutter head holder (1) until they are flush with the lower surface of the drive disk (6).

2. A riverbed rock-breaking cutterhead according to claim 1, characterized in that: A ball bearing (7) is provided between the drive disk (6) and the inner wall of the cavity (11), and a limiting shaft (62) is provided at the top of the drive disk (6), which is inserted into the drill barrel (4).

3. A riverbed rock-breaking cutterhead according to claim 2, characterised in that: The top of the top rod (512) is a spherical surface.

4. A riverbed rock-breaking cutterhead according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the striking block (511) is an arc surface; the bottom of the striking block (511) is formed by a number of protruding crushing particles (5111).

5. A riverbed rock-breaking cutterhead according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The hobbing cutter (3) and the striking assembly (5) are arranged in multiple layers along the radial direction of the cutter head holder (1), and the hobbing cutter (3) and the striking assembly (5) in each layer are staggered.

6. A riverbed rock-breaking cutterhead according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom center of the cutter head holder (1) is also provided with a crushing cone (8), and the crushing cone (8) is provided with a number of crushing particles (81).

7. A riverbed rock-breaking cutterhead according to claim 6, characterised in that: The side wall of the cutter head holder (1) is also formed with a number of chip removal grooves (13) arranged in a ring array; the chip removal grooves (13) are spiral.

8. A riverbed rock-breaking cutterhead according to claim 7, characterised in that: Several abrasive particles (12) are formed at the edge of the cutter head holder (1).

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