Anti-falling supporting frame for underground work

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of mine safety, and particularly relates to an anti-falling supporting frame for underground work. According to the technology, a steel wire mesh is included, a plurality of mounting columns are arranged below the steel wire mesh, and the upper end of each mounting column is provided with a driving mechanism used for abutting the steel wire mesh against the top of a mine; the driving mechanism comprises a mounting block, the bottom of the mounting block is connected with the mounting column through a hydraulic cylinder, a supporting plate in vertical sliding fit with the mounting block is arranged above the mounting block, the steel wire mesh is fixed to the top of the supporting plate through a connecting assembly, and a detecting assembly used for detecting supporting force is mounted between the supporting plate and the mounting block. And a gas concentration detector and an audible and visual alarm are mounted on the mounting block. According to the utility model, the steel wire mesh is supported on the mine roof through the driving mechanism, and roof caving accidents can be prevented and eliminated in advance from two aspects of detecting the change of supporting force and the change of gas concentration, so that economic loss and casualties are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of mine safety, and in particular relates to an anti-fall support frame for underground work. Background Technology

[0002] Roof collapse (or roof fall) is a common safety hazard in mining operations, and can be divided into localized roof collapse and large-scale roof collapse. During underground mining, due to various factors such as mine pressure, geological structure, and mining methods, the roof of the working face may partially or completely collapse; this phenomenon is called "roof collapse." Roof collapse accidents are often related to multiple factors. Among them, uneven geological structure, excessive dip angle of the ore layer, improper mining methods, untimely support, or insufficient support strength can all lead to roof collapse accidents. In addition, improper operation and violations by workers are also important factors causing roof collapse accidents. Roof collapse accidents can not only cause production stoppages at local working faces, resulting in economic losses, but also, in severe cases, casualties. Therefore, the prevention and control of roof collapse accidents plays a crucial role in promoting the safety of coal mining operations and the sustainable development of the coal industry and the social economy.

[0003] Currently, the main measure to prevent roof collapse in mines is to use support frames for support. However, traditional support frames can only maintain sufficient support in the initial stage of support. As mining progresses, factors such as ground subsidence, loosening of roof rocks, and geological activity can cause the support frames to fail to connect tightly to the roof or the bottom, leading to a decrease in support strength and resulting in roof collapse. In addition, roof collapse accidents are not without warning before they occur, but traditional support frames cannot promptly alert workers when warning signs appear. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide an anti-collapse support frame for underground work, which can prevent roof collapse accidents in a timely manner.

[0005] The aforementioned anti-fall support frame for underground work includes a wire mesh, with several mounting columns installed below the wire mesh, and a driving mechanism for pressing the wire mesh against the top of the mine shaft installed at the upper end of each mounting column.

[0006] The drive mechanism includes a mounting block, the bottom of which is connected to a mounting column via a hydraulic cylinder. A support plate is mounted on top of the mounting block and slides vertically therewith. A wire mesh is fixed to the top of the support plate via a connecting assembly. A detection assembly for detecting the support force is installed between the support plate and the mounting block. A gas concentration detector and an audible and visual alarm are installed on the mounting block. The audible and visual alarm is used to issue an alarm when the support force changes to a certain extent or when the gas concentration exceeds the standard.

[0007] Furthermore, the detection component includes a pressure sensor mounted on the top of the mounting block, and a pressing plate is disposed above the pressure sensor. The pressing plate is fixed to the bottom of the support plate by a spring. When the spring is in its natural state, the pressing plate presses against the detection surface of the pressure sensor.

[0008] Furthermore, the connecting assembly includes a clamping plate located above the wire mesh, and a number of rectangularly distributed screws are vertically fixed on the top of the support plate. The top of the clamping plate has a number of operating slots corresponding to the screws one by one. Each operating slot has a through hole at the bottom that is open from top to bottom. The upper end of each screw passes through the wire mesh and the corresponding through hole in sequence and is located in the operating slot where the through hole is located. Each operating slot is provided with a nut that is threadedly engaged with the screw.

[0009] Furthermore, the plurality of mounting columns are divided into two columns, left and right, with the two columns located at the left and right ends of the mine, respectively.

[0010] Furthermore, each mounting column is fixed to a base plate at its bottom.

[0011] Furthermore, several guide rods are vertically fixed at the bottom of the support plate, and through holes are provided on the mounting block that correspond one-to-one with the guide rods and slide vertically with them.

[0012] Furthermore, two support rods are provided below the wire mesh, with one end of each rod hinged to the other and the other end hinged to the mounting block on the left and right sides respectively. An exhaust pipe is provided below the wire mesh and is placed on the two support rods.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] This invention uses a connecting assembly to integrate a wire mesh with several mounting blocks. A hydraulic cylinder drives the mounting blocks upwards until the clamping plate is pressed against the mine roof, bringing the wire mesh into contact with the rock strata at the mine roof (the rock strata are not perfectly flat, so the thickness of the clamping plate does not affect this). This achieves the effect of supporting the mine roof with a certain initial support force. Then, a detection assembly detects the downward reaction force transmitted from the rock strata to the support plate to measure the support force on a single mounting column. When the difference between this support force and the initial support force exceeds a certain value, a sound... The light alarm triggers an alert to prompt workers to investigate the cause, such as mine bottom subsidence or loosening of the roof strata. This ensures the stability of the support structure and provides early warning of potential roof collapses. Furthermore, the invention utilizes a gas concentration detector to monitor methane gas levels and, when levels exceed safe limits, triggers an alarm in conjunction with the sound and light alarm. Therefore, this invention can prevent and eliminate roof collapses by addressing both changes in support force and methane gas concentration, thereby reducing overall economic losses and casualties. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The right view;

[0017] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the fit between the clamping plate, wire mesh, and support plate;

[0018] The components in the diagram are named as follows: 1. Base plate; 2. Mounting column; 3. Hydraulic cylinder; 4. Mounting block; 5. Pressing plate; 6. Guide rod; 7. Clamping plate; 8. Spring; 9. Wire mesh; 10. Support rod; 11. Exhaust pipe; 12. Support plate; 13. Pressure sensor; 14. Gas concentration detector; 15. Audible and visual alarm; 16. Screw; 17. Nut. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but this is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1

[0021] This embodiment describes a downhole working anti-fall support frame, which includes a wire mesh 9, with several mounting posts 2 arranged below the wire mesh 9, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, several mounting columns 2 are divided into two rows, left and right, and the two rows of mounting columns 2 are located at the left and right ends of the mine, respectively, with a passage for machinery, workers, coal mines, etc. in the middle; each mounting column 2 has a base plate 1 fixed at its bottom, which increases the contact area between the mounting column 2 and the bottom of the mine, thereby preventing the bottom of the mine from sinking.

[0022] Each mounting column 2 is topped with a mounting block 4. The bottom of the mounting block 4 is connected to the mounting column 2 via a hydraulic cylinder 3. In this embodiment, the hydraulic cylinder 3 can drive the mounting block 4 to move up and down, thereby changing the distance between the mounting block 4 and the bottom of the mine. The hydraulic cylinder 3 is existing technology; it is an energy conversion device that converts hydraulic energy into mechanical energy, mainly used to realize the linear reciprocating motion of various machines. Its basic components include a cylinder barrel and cylinder head, a piston and piston rod, a sealing device, a buffer device, and an exhaust device. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the cylinder barrel of the hydraulic cylinder 3 is installed on the top of the mounting column 2, and the power output end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 3 is fixed to the bottom of the mounting block 4.

[0023] Above the mounting block 4 is a support plate 12 that slides vertically with it, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, several guide rods 6 are vertically fixed at the bottom of the support plate 12. The mounting block 4 has through holes that correspond one-to-one with the guide rods 6 and slide up and down with them. The several guide rods 6 can maintain the up and down sliding relationship between the support plate 12 and the mounting block 4, and can also restrict the support plate 12 to move up and down relative to the mounting block 4.

[0024] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3A clamping plate 7 is installed above the wire mesh 9. Several rectangularly distributed screws 16 are vertically fixed to the top of the support plate 12. Several operating slots corresponding to the screws 16 are opened on the top of the clamping plate 7. Each operating slot has a through hole at the bottom. The upper end of each screw 16 passes through the wire mesh 9 and the corresponding through hole and is located in the operating slot where the through hole is located. Each operating slot is equipped with a nut 17 that is threaded to the screw 16. (The clamping plate 7, screws 16 and nuts 17 in this paragraph constitute the structure used to clamp the wire mesh 9.) In practical applications, the connecting assembly fixed to the top of the support plate 12 can also have the screw 16 integrally formed on the bottom of the clamping plate 7, and through holes corresponding to the screw 16 opened on the support plate 12. Then, the lower end of the screw 16 passes through the wire mesh 9 and the corresponding through hole in sequence, and the nut 17 is fitted on this end. In this embodiment, by passing the screw 16 through the wire mesh 9 and the corresponding through hole and then fixing it with the nut 17, a part of the wire mesh 9 can be firmly fixed between the clamping plate 7 and the support plate 12, so that the wire mesh 9 and several mounting blocks 4 are connected as one unit.

[0025] The pressure sensor 13 is mounted on the top of the mounting block 4. A pressing plate 5 is provided above the pressure sensor 13. The pressing plate 5 is fixed to the bottom of the support plate 12 by a spring 8. When the spring 8 is in its natural state, the pressing plate 5 presses against the detection surface of the pressure sensor 13. (The pressure sensor 13, pressing plate 5 and spring 8 together constitute the detection component for detecting the support force. In actual applications, the pressing plate 5 can also be directly fixed to the detection end of the pressure sensor 13.) In this embodiment, the detection of the elastic force of the spring 8 by the pressure sensor 13 can indirectly reflect the reaction force transmitted by the rock layer to the support plate 12, thereby detecting the support force on a single mounting column 2. (The weight of the pressing plate 7, support plate 12, etc. remains unchanged before and after detection, so it will not affect the detection.)

[0026] The mounting block 4 is equipped with a gas concentration detector 14 and an audible and visual alarm 15. The audible and visual alarm 15 is used to issue an alarm when the supporting force changes or the gas concentration exceeds the standard. Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in this embodiment, the audible and visual alarm 15 can issue an alarm when the difference between the supporting force and the initial supporting force on the mounting column 2 exceeds a certain value, prompting workers to investigate the cause, such as mine bottom subsidence or loosening of the mine roof rock layer. This ensures the stability of the support effect and provides early warning to workers of the possibility of roof collapse. In this embodiment, the gas concentration detector 14 detects gas and, when the concentration exceeds the standard, works with the audible and visual alarm 15 to issue an alarm to workers. Therefore, this utility model can prevent and eliminate roof collapse accidents in advance through changes in supporting force and changes in gas concentration, thereby reducing overall economic losses and casualties. In practical application, the mounting block 4 is also equipped with a microprocessor. The microprocessor is used to receive and process signals from the pressure sensor 13 and the gas concentration detector 14, and to control the opening and closing of the audible and visual alarm 15. The pressure sensor 13, the gas concentration detector 14, and the audible and visual alarm 15 are all electrically connected to the microprocessor through wires.

[0027] In this embodiment, the mounting block 4, hydraulic cylinder 3, support plate 12, connecting assembly, detection assembly, gas concentration detector 14, and audible and visual alarm 15 together constitute the driving mechanism for pressing the wire mesh 9 against the top of the mine. Each mounting column 2 corresponds to one driving mechanism. With the cooperation of multiple driving mechanisms, several pressing plates 7 can be pressed against the top of the mine with a certain initial supporting force, and the wire mesh 9 can be laid on the top of the mine. Therefore, this embodiment achieves the effect of integrating support, detection, and early warning.

[0028] In this embodiment, during use, the wire mesh 9 is first fixed between the clamping plate 7 and the support plate 12 using screws 16 and nuts 17. Then, the starting hydraulic cylinder 3 drives the mounting block 4 upward until the clamping plate 7 is pressed against the top of the mine, and the wire mesh 9 contacts the top of the mine. At this point, the purpose of providing multi-point support to the mine roof with a certain initial supporting force can be achieved. Then, when the bottom of the mine sinks, the rock strata at the top of the mine loosen, or geological movement occurs, the distance between the mounting block 4 and the support plate 12 will change. This change will also affect the detection of the support plate 12. When the pressure changes, that is, the supporting force on a single installation column 2 changes, if the change in this supporting force (compared to the initial supporting force) reaches a certain value, the audible and visual alarm 15 will sound an alarm. After hearing the warning, the workers will investigate the cause of the alarm and eliminate the hidden danger. Then, because the coal seam or rock strata will rupture and release the gas accumulated inside before the roof collapse, there will be a significant increase in gas concentration before the roof collapse. When the gas concentration detector 14 detects that the gas concentration exceeds the standard, the audible and visual alarm 15 will also sound an alarm to remind the staff to eliminate the hidden danger.

[0029] Example 2

[0030] This embodiment further illustrates the technology. Two support rods 10 are provided below the wire mesh 9. One end of each rod is hinged to the other, and the other ends are respectively hinged to the left and right mounting blocks 4. An exhaust pipe 11 is provided below the wire mesh 9, and the exhaust pipe 11 is placed on the two support rods 10. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the exhaust pipe 11 for discharging methane gas in the mine can be installed using two hinged support rods 10. Since the two support rods 10 are in a "V" shape, they can limit the exhaust pipe 11 without using other fixing structures. At the same time, the hinged connection can maintain the support and limit of the exhaust pipe 11 even when the position of the mounting block 4 changes (moves up and down). All three hinges are riveted.

[0031] In practical applications, steel ropes or nylon ropes can be fixed to both support rods 10 to further secure the exhaust pipe 11 by binding it.

Claims

1. A caving-resistant support frame for underground work, comprising a wire mesh (9), below which a number of mounting columns (2) are arranged, characterized in that: Each of the mounting columns (2) is equipped with a drive mechanism at its upper end for pressing the wire mesh (9) against the top of the mine shaft; The drive mechanism includes a mounting block (4), the bottom of which is connected to the mounting column (2) via a hydraulic cylinder (3). A support plate (12) is provided above the mounting block (4) and slides vertically therewith. A wire mesh (9) is fixed to the top of the support plate (12) via a connecting assembly. A detection assembly for detecting the support force is installed between the support plate (12) and the mounting block (4). A gas concentration detector (14) and an audible and visual alarm (15) are installed on the mounting block (4). The audible and visual alarm (15) is used to issue an alarm when the support force changes to a certain extent and the gas concentration exceeds the standard.

2. A caving shield for use in underground work according to claim 1, characterised in that: The detection assembly includes a pressure sensor (13) mounted on the top of the mounting block (4). A pressing plate (5) is provided above the pressure sensor (13). The pressing plate (5) is fixed to the bottom of the support plate (12) by a spring (8). When the spring (8) is in its natural state, the pressing plate (5) presses against the detection surface of the pressure sensor (13).

3. The caving shield for underground work according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting assembly includes a clamping plate (7) located above the wire mesh (9), and a number of rectangularly distributed screws (16) are vertically fixed on the top of the support plate (12). The top of the clamping plate (7) is provided with a number of operating slots corresponding to the screws (16). Each operating slot has a through hole at the bottom. The upper end of each screw (16) passes through the wire mesh (9) and the corresponding through hole and is located in the operating slot where the through hole is located. Each operating slot is provided with a nut (17) that is threadedly engaged with the screw (16).

4. The caving shield for underground work according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of mounting columns (2) are divided into two columns, left and right, and the two columns of mounting columns (2) are located at the left and right ends of the mine, respectively.

5. A caving shield for use in underground work according to claim 4, characterised in that: Each mounting column (2) has a base plate (1) fixed to its bottom.

6. A caving shield according to claim 4 or 5, characterised in that: The bottom of the support plate (12) is vertically fixed with several guide rods (6), and the mounting block (4) has through holes that correspond one-to-one with the guide rods (6) and slide up and down with them.

7. The caving shield according to claim 4, characterised in that: Two support rods (10) are provided below the wire mesh (9). One end of the two rods is hinged to each other, and the other end is hinged to the mounting block (4) on the left and the mounting block (4) on the right respectively. An exhaust pipe (11) is provided below the wire mesh (9) and is placed on the two support rods (10).

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