Flue gas treatment system
By separating the absorption heat pump and condenser, and combining them with valve components and electrical control modules, the problem of balancing whitening and waste heat recovery in flue gas treatment devices has been solved, achieving efficient flue gas temperature enhancement and waste heat recovery, and improving boiler energy utilization efficiency.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CSSC SHUANGRUI (LUOYANG) SPECIAL EQUIP CO LTD XIAMEN BRANCH
- Filing Date
- 2023-11-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-17
AI Technical Summary
Existing flue gas treatment devices are difficult to simultaneously address both flue gas whitening and waste heat recovery, resulting in energy waste and structural complexity.
The system employs separate first and second absorption heat pumps, which reheat the flue gas and recover waste heat through the first and second condensers, respectively. Combined with valve assemblies and an electronic control module, it enables flexible adjustment and efficient utilization of the flue gas temperature.
It achieved an increase in flue gas temperature to 80-90℃, meeting the requirements for eliminating white spots, while recovering waste heat from the flue gas, increasing boiler feedwater temperature, and improving energy utilization efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN224135890U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of flue gas treatment technology, and more specifically, to a flue gas treatment system. Background Technology
[0002] Given the limitations on natural gas usage, improving heating energy efficiency through waste heat recovery technology will become increasingly important. Currently, boiler technology is quite mature, with boiler efficiency reaching 96%, making it difficult to achieve significant energy savings through boiler equipment alone. Considering that the main component of boiler fuel is fossil fuels containing a large number of hydrogen bonds, the flue gas produced contains 10-17% water vapor, with a condensation temperature of approximately 55-80℃. The latent heat of vaporization of water vapor accounts for about 6-11% of the lower heating value of the fuel. However, due to issues such as low air preheating and boiler return water temperature, the flue gas temperature is generally above 60℃, making it impossible to effectively utilize the latent heat of water vapor in the flue gas, resulting in a waste of low-temperature waste heat. Furthermore, after the flue gas exits the chimney, a large amount of water vapor condenses in the air, forming visual "white smoke" pollution. If the water vapor in the flue gas could be condensed, this latent heat could be fully utilized, thereby maximizing the boiler's energy utilization efficiency.
[0003] In extreme weather conditions, even after waste heat recovery and descaling, a very small amount of uncondensed water vapor in the flue gas can still form white smoke due to the low air temperature and poor diffusion. Therefore, the discharged flue gas is reheated to raise its temperature, so that the flue gas is far away from its dew point curve and white smoke is avoided near the chimney.
[0004] To eliminate or alleviate the white smoke phenomenon during flue gas discharge, heating the flue gas before discharge is a common method to reduce its relative humidity and keep it in an unsaturated state. However, existing flue gas reheating devices all have certain shortcomings. For example, (1) absorption heat pumps only perform the function of flue gas waste heat recovery. If high-temperature (≥120℃) steam / hot water is used as a heat source to reheat the low-temperature flue gas (about 50℃) at the desulfurization tower outlet, there is a problem of high-grade heat energy waste; (2) if a gas-to-gas heat exchanger is used to use the higher-temperature flue gas (about 150℃) after boiler dust removal as a heat source to reheat the low-temperature flue gas (about 50℃), it is difficult to achieve the function of waste heat recovery; (3) due to the low-temperature flue gas after the desulfurization tower With temperatures ranging from 20 to 50°C, if an absorption heat pump is used to simultaneously recover waste heat from flue gas and reheat the flue gas, some of the output heat energy can be used for flue gas reheating. However, since the heat pump thermal process is mainly based on the recovery of waste heat from flue gas, the temperature of the flue gas after reheating (approximately 60°C-70°C) is not high, requiring additional reheating equipment. If intermediate water is used as the intermediate medium to heat the low-temperature flue gas at the outlet of the desulfurization tower, the thermal resistance of the heat transfer process is increased, further reducing the achievable temperature of the flue gas after reheating.
[0005] In view of the above, this utility model is hereby proposed. Utility Model Content
[0006] The problem solved by this invention is that the existing flue gas treatment device has an unreasonable structure and it is difficult to simultaneously achieve flue gas whitening and flue gas waste heat recovery.
[0007] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model provides a flue gas treatment system, including a first absorption heat pump and a flue. The first absorption heat pump includes a first absorber and a first condenser and a second condenser connected in parallel. The first condenser and the second condenser are respectively located inside and outside the flue. A boiler inlet pipe passes through the first absorber and the second condenser in sequence. A valve assembly is provided on the boiler inlet pipe to control the first absorption heat pump to recover waste heat and selectively reheat the flue gas.
[0008] This setup can utilize either the first absorber or the first absorber and the second condenser to heat the boiler inlet pipe to recover waste heat as needed. Alternatively, when only the first absorber is used to recover waste heat, the first condenser can reheat the flue gas in the flue, thereby meeting the needs for waste heat recovery and flue gas reheating to eliminate whitening under different operating conditions.
[0009] Preferably, the valve assembly includes a third valve and a fourth valve. The third valve is located between the second condenser and the first absorber. One end of the fourth valve is connected to the boiler return water pipeline, and the other end of the fourth valve is located between the outlet end of the first absorber and the third valve. This configuration is simple in structure and convenient for production and processing. Preferably, the flue gas treatment system also includes an electronic control module, and the valve assembly is electrically connected to the electronic control module.
[0010] Preferably, a first heat exchanger and a desulfurization tower are provided in the flue. The first absorption heat pump includes a first evaporator. The first heat exchanger is located upstream of the desulfurization tower. The first heat exchanger is used to absorb heat from the flue gas in the flue to heat the medium in the first evaporator.
[0011] This setup extracts heat from upstream of the desulfurization tower, where the flue gas temperature is higher, which helps improve the overall operating parameters of the absorption heat pump, thereby increasing the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant vapor in the condenser. Simultaneously, the condenser and absorption heat pump are separately located downstream of the desulfurization tower, eliminating the intermediate water circuit and the corresponding thermal resistance in the heat transfer process. This allows the flue gas temperature to be reheated to 80-90℃, thus meeting the requirements for flue gas whitening. The absorption heat pump uses a working fluid with a maximum output temperature ≤150℃ and a typical heating capacity of 30-50℃, capable of heating boiler feedwater, thus achieving both flue gas whitening and the utilization of waste heat from the flue gas.
[0012] Preferably, the first absorption heat pump further includes a first absorber and a first generator. The first absorber is coupled to the boiler inlet water pipe to achieve heat exchange. The first absorber, the first generator, the second condenser, and the first evaporator are connected in sequence. The first generator generates medium steam by driving a heat source for heating.
[0013] The boiler return water pipeline is heated in the absorber and the feedwater does not enter the condenser. Through the circulation of "refrigerant-solution" inside the absorption heat pump, a portion of the waste heat absorbed by the evaporator can be used to heat the boiler feedwater, achieving the effect of partial waste heat recovery.
[0014] Preferably, the first absorption heat pump further includes a second heat exchanger, which is arranged in parallel with the first heat exchanger and is located upstream of the first heat exchanger. A first valve and a second valve are respectively provided between the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the first evaporator, and are arranged in parallel for switching between the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger.
[0015] This setup ensures that the first absorption heat pump selectively extracts heat from the higher-temperature flue gas, which helps improve the overall operating parameters of the first absorption heat pump, thereby increasing the temperature and pressure of the medium vapor in the first condenser.
[0016] Preferably, the first condenser is a tube bundle heat exchanger. Preferably, the inner and outer sides of the tube bundle are respectively supplied with medium steam and flue gas. Because the refrigerant steam inside the condenser condenses into beads, its heat transfer coefficient is much higher than that of the intermediate water, so its thermal resistance is much lower than that of the intermediate water, further increasing the temperature of the flue gas after reheating.
[0017] Preferably, the first condenser is connected to the first generator and the first evaporator respectively through a medium channel, the medium channel is provided with a first throttling element, and the second condenser is provided with a second throttling element between the second condenser and the first evaporator.
[0018] Preferably, the flue gas treatment system further includes a second absorption heat pump, which comprises a second absorber, a second generator, a third condenser, and a second evaporator arranged in series. The second generator generates medium steam by driving a heat source. The boiler inlet pipe is sequentially coupled to the second absorber and the third condenser to absorb heat. The second absorption heat pump also includes a third heat exchanger located in the flue, used to absorb heat from the flue gas in the flue to heat the medium in the second evaporator. This configuration can balance flue gas waste heat recovery and flue gas reheat as needed, resulting in a highly adaptable system with high waste heat recovery efficiency.
[0019] Preferably, a third throttling element is provided between the third condenser and the second evaporator. This arrangement can change the pressure of the medium to achieve throttling and pressure reduction.
[0020] Compared with the prior art, the flue gas treatment system of this utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0021] The first and second absorption heat pumps can be used individually or both to recover waste heat. When the second absorption heat pump recovers waste heat and the first absorption heat pump reheats the flue gas, the temperature of the reheated flue gas can be raised to 80-90℃. The waste heat recovery and flue gas whitening requirements can be met simultaneously by the absorption heat pump alone.
[0022] The boiler feedwater is heated in the absorber and does not enter the condenser. Through the circulation of "refrigerant-solution" inside the absorption heat pump, a portion of the waste heat absorbed by the evaporator can be used to heat the boiler feedwater, achieving the effect of partial waste heat recovery.
[0023] The condenser is separated from the absorption heat pump and is located downstream of the desulfurization tower to heat the low-temperature flue gas. This eliminates the intermediate water circuit and the corresponding heat transfer process thermal resistance. When the refrigerant vapor inside the condenser condenses, it is in bead form, and the heat transfer coefficient is much higher than that of the intermediate water. Therefore, the heat transfer thermal resistance is much lower than that of the intermediate water, which further improves the achievable temperature of the flue gas after reheating. Attached Figure Description
[0024] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of the flue gas treatment system described in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;
[0025] Figure 2 This is an overall schematic diagram of the flue gas treatment system described in Embodiment 2 of this utility model;
[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the flue gas treatment system described in Embodiment 3 of this utility model.
[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cyclone device described in Embodiment 3 of this utility model;
[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the wind turbine assembly described in Embodiment 3 of this utility model.
[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:
[0030] First absorption heat pump; 11-First absorber; 12-First evaporator; 13-First generator; 14-First condenser; 141-Medium passage; 142-First throttling element; 15-First heat exchanger; 151-First valve; 152-Second valve; 16-Second condenser; 161-Second throttling element; 163-Third valve; 164-Fourth valve; 17-Second heat exchanger; 2-Flue; 17-Second heat exchanger; 3-Boiler inlet pipe; 4-Boiler return pipe; 5-Desulfurization Tower; 6-Cyclone device; 61-Wind wheel assembly; 611-Hub; 612-Base plate; 613-Guide ring; 614-Wind blade; 6141-Clamping tooth; 6142-Notch; 615-Shaft sleeve; 62-Bracket; 621-Upper seat plate; 622-Lower seat plate; 63-Jacket; 64-Inlet plate; 7-Second absorption heat pump; 71-Second absorber; 72-Second evaporator; 73-Second generator; 74-Third condenser; 741-Third throttling element; 75-Third heat exchanger. Detailed Implementation
[0031] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the technical features in the various embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other without conflict.
[0032] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.
[0033] Flue gas heat loss accounts for the largest proportion of boiler heat loss, approximately 6-11%. Therefore, flue gas waste heat is also an important component of waste heat resources. Fully recovering and utilizing waste heat resources in flue gas not only has significant economic and social benefits but also helps improve energy efficiency, aligning with societal requirements for energy conservation and emission reduction. While existing flue gas reheat devices achieve some degree of "white spot removal," they cannot simultaneously address both waste heat recovery and white spot removal, and suffer from drawbacks such as high cost and complex structure. Therefore, the applicant proposes the following technical solution: Example 1
[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, a flue gas treatment system includes a first absorption heat pump 1 and a flue 2. A first heat exchanger 15 and a desulfurization tower 5 are installed in the flue 2. The first heat exchanger 15 is located upstream of the desulfurization tower 5. The first absorption heat pump 1 includes a first evaporator 12. The first heat exchanger 15 is used to absorb heat from the flue gas in the flue 2 to heat the medium in the first evaporator 12. The first absorption heat pump 1 also includes a first condenser 14. The first condenser 14 is installed in the flue 2 and located downstream of the desulfurization tower 5, and is used to reheat the flue gas in the flue 2.
[0035] In this application, the first heat exchanger 15 extracts heat from the upstream position of the desulfurization tower 5, where the flue gas temperature is higher, which helps to improve the overall operating parameters of the first absorption heat pump 1, thereby increasing the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant vapor in the first condenser 14. At the same time, the first condenser 14 is separately set from the first absorption heat pump 1 and is located downstream of the desulfurization tower 5, eliminating the intermediate water circuit and the corresponding thermal resistance of the heat transfer process, which can reheat the flue gas temperature to 80-90℃, thereby meeting the requirements for flue gas whitening. The working fluid used by the first absorption heat pump 1 is LiBr-H2O or NH3-H2O, and its maximum output temperature is ≤150℃, with a heating capacity of generally 30-50℃, which can heat the boiler feedwater, thereby achieving the utilization of flue gas waste heat while meeting the requirements for flue gas whitening.
[0036] Preferably, the first absorption heat pump 1 further includes a first absorber 11 and a first generator 13. The first absorber 11 is coupled to the boiler inlet pipe 3 and the boiler return pipe 4 respectively to achieve heat exchange. The first absorber 11, the first generator 13, the first condenser 14 and the first evaporator 12 are connected in sequence. The first generator 13 is heated by driving a heat source to generate medium steam.
[0037] The boiler return water pipeline 4 is heated in the first absorber 11 and the feed water does not enter the first condenser 14. Through the circulation of "refrigerant-solution" inside the first absorption heat pump 1, a portion of the waste heat absorbed by the first evaporator 12 can be used to heat the boiler feed water, thus achieving the effect of partial waste heat recovery.
[0038] Preferably, the first condenser 14 is a tube bundle heat exchanger, wherein the inner and outer sides of the tube bundle are respectively supplied with medium steam and flue gas. Because the refrigerant steam inside the first condenser 14 condenses into beads, its heat transfer coefficient is much higher than that of the intermediate water, so its thermal resistance is much lower than that of the intermediate water, which further increases the temperature of the flue gas after reheating.
[0039] Preferably, the first condenser 14 is connected to the first generator 13 and the first evaporator 12 respectively through a medium channel 141, and a first throttling element 142 is provided on the medium channel 141.
[0040] During operation, the first heat exchanger 15 absorbs heat from the high-temperature (approximately 120-150℃) flue gas and transfers it to the first evaporator 12. The flue gas then passes through the desulfurization tower 5 for desulfurization and is directly heated by the first condenser 14 to raise its temperature to 80-90℃, thus solving the problem of flue gas whitening. For the first absorption heat pump 1, the first generator 13 drives a heat source to generate high-temperature, high-pressure medium vapor, which enters the first condenser 14 located in the flue duct 2 through the medium channel 141 for direct heat exchange heating of the flue gas (approximately 50℃) treated by the desulfurization tower 5. After releasing heat in the first condenser 14, the medium passes through the first throttling element 142 and enters the first evaporator 12 for evaporation, continuously utilizing the first heat exchanger 15 to recover heat from the flue gas. Meanwhile, the first absorber 11 absorbs the medium vapor generated by the first evaporator 12, completing the "solution-refrigerant" cycle while simultaneously heating the water in the boiler inlet pipe 3 and then transporting it to the boiler through the boiler return pipe 4, achieving waste heat recovery. Example 2
[0041] To further improve the functions of flue gas waste heat recovery and flue gas reheating, the applicant has made improvements based on Example 1 to obtain the following technical solution:
[0042] like Figure 2As shown, the first absorption heat pump 1 also includes a second condenser 16, which is located outside the flue 2 and is arranged in parallel with the first condenser 14. The boiler inlet pipe 3 passes through the first absorber 11 and the second condenser 16 in sequence. A second throttling element 161 is provided between the second condenser 16 and the first evaporator 12. A third valve 163 is provided between the second condenser 16 and the first absorber 11. A fourth valve 164 is provided in the boiler inlet pipe 3. One end of the fourth valve 164 is connected to the boiler return water pipe 4, and the other end of the fourth valve 164 is located between the outlet end of the first absorber 11 and the third valve 163.
[0043] This setup can use the first absorber 11 or the first absorber 11 and the second condenser 16 to heat the boiler inlet pipe 3 to recover waste heat as needed. Alternatively, when only the first absorber 11 is used to recover waste heat, the first condenser 14 can reheat the flue gas in the flue 2, thereby meeting the needs for waste heat recovery and flue gas reheating to eliminate whitening under different operating conditions.
[0044] Preferably, the first absorption heat pump 1 further includes a second heat exchanger 17, which is arranged in parallel with the first heat exchanger 15. The second heat exchanger 17 is located upstream of the first heat exchanger 15. A first valve 151 and a second valve 152 are respectively provided between the first heat exchanger 15, the second heat exchanger 17 and the first evaporator 12. The first valve 151 and the second valve 152 are arranged in parallel for switching between the first heat exchanger 15 and the second heat exchanger 17.
[0045] This setup ensures that the first absorption heat pump 1 selectively extracts heat from the higher temperature flue gas, which helps improve the overall operating parameters of the first absorption heat pump 1, thereby increasing the temperature and pressure of the medium vapor in the first condenser 14.
[0046] Preferably, the flue gas treatment system further includes a second absorption heat pump 7, which includes a second absorber 71, a second generator 73, a third condenser 74, and a second evaporator 72 arranged in series. The second generator 73 generates medium steam by driving a heat source. The boiler inlet pipe 3 is sequentially coupled to the second absorber 71 and the third condenser 74 to absorb heat. The second absorption heat pump 7 also includes a third heat exchanger 75 located in the flue 2, which is used to absorb the heat of the flue gas in the flue 2 to heat the medium in the second evaporator 72.
[0047] Preferably, a third throttling element 741 is provided between the third condenser 74 and the second evaporator 72 to achieve the functions of throttling and pressure reduction by changing the pressure of the medium.
[0048] The different operating modes of the flue gas treatment system are described below:
[0049] 1) The first absorption heat pump 1 reheats the flue gas:
[0050] After the first valve 151 is closed and the second valve 152 is opened, the flue gas in the flue duct 2 releases heat through the second heat exchanger 17. The first evaporator 12 of the first absorption heat pump 1 extracts heat from the higher-temperature flue gas, which helps to improve the overall operating parameters of the first absorption heat pump 1, thereby increasing the temperature and pressure of the medium vapor in the first condenser 14. At the same time, after the fourth valve 164 is opened and the third valve 163 is closed, the boiler inlet pipe 3 is heated only through the first absorber 11. The first absorption heat pump 1 is driven by the high-temperature heat source in the first generator 13. At this time, the first throttling element 142 is opened and the second throttling element 161 is closed to balance the pressure. At this time, the medium vapor only enters the first condenser 14 and does not enter the second condenser 16. Because the intermediate water circuit and the corresponding heat transfer process thermal resistance are eliminated, the achievable temperature of the reheated flue gas is further increased.
[0051] 2) The first absorption heat pump 1 recovers waste heat from the flue gas:
[0052] After the first valve 151 is opened and the second valve 152 is closed, the flue gas in the flue duct 2 releases heat through the first heat exchanger 15, so that the first absorption heat pump 1 extracts heat from the lower temperature flue gas; at the same time, after the fourth valve 164 is closed and the third valve 163 is opened, the boiler inlet water pipe 3 is heated sequentially through the first absorber 11 and the second condenser 16, and then enters the boiler return water pipe 4 to complete the waste heat recovery.
[0053] The first absorption heat pump 1 is driven by a high-temperature heat source in the first generator 13. The second throttling element 161 is opened to achieve pressure balance, and the first throttling element 142 is closed. The negative pressure medium vapor in the first absorption heat pump 1 only enters the second condenser 16.
[0054] 3) The second absorption heat pump 7 recovers waste heat from the flue gas:
[0055] After the flue gas in flue 2 is heated by the third heat exchanger 75, the waste heat of the flue gas is sent to the second evaporator 72 of the second absorption heat pump 7 by the water circuit. The boiler inlet water pipe 3 is heated step by step through the second absorber 71 and the third condenser 74 before entering the boiler return water pipe 4 to complete the waste heat recovery. The second absorption heat pump 7 is driven by the high temperature heat source in the second generator 73, and the pressure balance of the medium is achieved by the third throttling element 741. Example 3
[0056] To further improve the whitening effect of flue 2, the applicant made the following improvements based on Example 1 or Example 2:
[0057] like Figure 3-5 As shown, a flue gas treatment system includes a first absorption heat pump 1 and a flue 2. A first heat exchanger 15 and a desulfurization tower 5 are installed in the flue 2. The first heat exchanger 15 is located upstream of the desulfurization tower 5. The first absorption heat pump 1 includes a first evaporator 12. The first heat exchanger 15 is used to absorb heat from the flue gas in the flue 2 to heat the medium in the first evaporator 12. The first absorption heat pump 1 also includes a first condenser 14. The first condenser 14 is installed in the flue 2 and located downstream of the desulfurization tower 5, and is used to reheat the flue gas in the flue 2.
[0058] This application extracts heat from the upstream position of the desulfurization tower 5, where the flue gas temperature is higher, which helps to improve the overall operating parameters of the first absorption heat pump 1, thereby increasing the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant vapor in the first condenser 14. At the same time, the first condenser 14 is separately set from the first absorption heat pump 1 and is located downstream of the desulfurization tower 5, eliminating the intermediate water circuit and the corresponding thermal resistance of the heat transfer process. This allows the flue gas temperature to be reheated to 80-90℃ without interfering with the flow of the flue gas, especially the spiral ascent. This achieves the utilization of the waste heat of the flue gas while satisfying the elimination of whitening of the flue gas.
[0059] A cyclone device 6 is installed inside the flue 2, located between the first condenser 14 and the desulfurization tower 5, to drive the flue gas inside the flue 2 to rotate. This arrangement causes the flue gas to rotate and rise along the side wall of the flue 2, thereby effectively reducing the vertical flow velocity of the flue gas. Compared with a traditional flue 2, the rising height of the flue gas after exiting the flue 2 is reduced, effectively reducing the condensation of water vapor in the flue gas due to contact with the colder air at a higher position. Although the temperature of the flue gas is reduced after reheating by the first condenser 14, the overall flue gas whitening effect is better.
[0060] Preferably, the cyclone device 6 is located at the outlet end of the flue 2, and the cyclone device 6 and the desulfurization tower 5 are located on both sides of the first condenser 14. This arrangement can avoid the first condenser 14 interfering with the rotation of the flue gas, allowing the flue gas to spiral upward within the flue 2.
[0061] As an example of this utility model, the cyclone device 6 includes a wind turbine assembly 61, which includes a hub 611, a base plate 612, and a guide ring 613. The lower edge of the hub 611 extends to form the base plate 612, and a fan blade 614 is disposed on the base plate 612. The fan blade 614 is inserted into the base plate 612, and the upper end of the fan blade 614 is inserted into the guide ring 613. A portion of the guide ring 613 extends out of the lower base plate 622. When flue gas enters through the air inlet of the guide ring 613 and finally exits from the outer periphery of the wind turbine assembly 61, the fan blades 614 are arranged in a circular array along the periphery of the base plate 612. Due to the guiding effect of the fan blades 614, the flue gas flow can spiral upward along the side wall of the flue 2.
[0062] The projection of the hub 611 onto the horizontal plane gradually increases from one end near the lower seat plate 622 toward the side of the base plate 612. This arrangement guides the flue gas entering the impeller assembly 61, preventing airflow turbulence inside the impeller assembly 61.
[0063] An air outlet is formed between the base plate 612, the guide ring 613, and the fan blade 614. As a preferred example of this application, the base plate 612 is provided with fan blade slots for mounting and fixing the fan blade 614; the fan blade slots are evenly distributed along the periphery of the base plate 612. Preferably, both ends of the fan blade 614 are respectively snap-fitted into the base plate 612 and the guide ring 613. This configuration allows for the detachable construction of the fan blade 614, base plate 612, and guide ring 613, facilitating the maintenance and assembly of the impeller assembly 61; of course, the fan blade 614 can also be fixed to the base plate 612 and the guide ring 613 by adhesive bonding to ensure a secure assembly.
[0064] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the fan blade 614 is provided with a retaining tooth 6141 and a notch 6142 on the side near the air outlet, with the notch 6142 located below the retaining tooth 6141. This arrangement can stabilize the airflow at the air outlet and reduce the noise of the flue gas flow. Preferably, a bushing 615 is provided on the top of the hub 611, and the bushing 615 is used for rotatable connection with the bracket 62.
[0065] As a preferred example of this utility model, the cyclone device 6 includes a support 62, on which a wind turbine assembly 61 is mounted, and at least one end of the wind turbine assembly 61 is rotatably connected to the support 62. This configuration is simple in structure and easy to manufacture.
[0066] As an example of this utility model, the bracket 62 includes an upper base plate 621 and a lower base plate 622. The lower base plate 622 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the flue 2. The lower base plate 622 is provided with an air passage hole. The upper base plate 621 is horizontally fixed in the flue 2 and rotatably connected to the impeller assembly 61. The projected areas of the lower base plate 622, the air passage hole, and the flue 2 in the horizontal direction are S1, S2, and S3, respectively, where S1 < S2 < 0.5 * S3.
[0067] This configuration allows the cyclone device 6 to take in air from the middle of the lower base plate 622, and after the impeller assembly 61 rotates, the air exits from the periphery of the upper base plate 621, causing the flue gas to spiral upward in the flue 2. At the same time, it reduces the gas pressure in the middle area of the flue 2 and makes it slightly lower than atmospheric pressure. Meanwhile, the cyclone device 6 can rotate under the action of the airflow, thereby balancing the airflow pressure on both sides of the flue 2.
[0068] A first support rod is provided on the periphery of the upper base plate 621, and the first support rod is fixedly connected to the flue 2; a second support rod is provided on the inner periphery of the lower base plate 622, and a bearing is provided on the second support rod for rotatable connection with the impeller assembly 61. This arrangement ensures that all flue gas spirals upward after passing through the impeller assembly 61, while supporting both sides of the impeller assembly 61, resulting in low vibration during operation of the impeller assembly 61, thereby further reducing the gap between the impeller assembly 61 and the lower base plate 622.
[0069] Preferably, the lower base plate 622 is arranged in a circular or trumpet shape. Preferably, the lower base plate 622 gradually tapers towards the rotation axis of the impeller assembly 61 from bottom to top, and the lower base plate 622 is provided with air passage holes, the size of which is the same as the air inlet hole of the impeller assembly 61. This arrangement can guide the flue gas entering the cyclone device 6, resulting in low flow resistance.
[0070] Preferably, the cyclone device 6 further includes an upwardly inclined air inlet plate 64, the outlet end of which is located directly above the upper base plate 621. This arrangement can guide and comb the rotating flue gas. Simultaneously, due to the low air pressure in the middle region of the flue 2, outside air can be drawn into the flue 2 by the rotating flue gas through the air inlet plate 64, promoting the mixing of the introduced air and the flue gas to be treated, improving the uniformity of mixing or contact, and enhancing the controllability of flue gas parameters to increase the whitening effect.
[0071] Preferably, there are multiple air intake plates 64 arranged at different heights in the flue 2, and the projection of the air intake plates 64 on the horizontal plane is distributed in a circular array along the circle containing the flue 2. This arrangement has a simple structure and can automatically adjust the air intake ratio according to the airflow and rotation speed of the flue gas. When the flue gas rotation speed is higher, the air pressure at the center of the flue 2 is lower. At this time, the proportion of air drawn in through the air intake plates 64 is larger, but the rising distance of the flue gas after exiting the flue 2 is shorter, resulting in a better whitening effect. Conversely, when the flue gas rotation speed is lower, the air pressure at the center of the flue 2 is higher. At this time, the proportion of air drawn in through the air intake plates 64 is smaller, thus meeting the whitening requirements under different weather conditions.
[0072] Preferably, the bracket 62 is equipped with a drive device, which is connected to the impeller assembly 61. This configuration allows control of the rotational speed of the impeller assembly 61, thereby controlling the proportion of introduced air, improving the controllability of flue gas parameters, and enhancing the whitening effect.
[0073] As an example of this utility model, the cyclone device 6 further includes a jacket 63, which is located on the outer periphery of the flue 2 and is not lower than the impeller assembly 61. The inlet end of the jacket 63 is connected to the boiler inlet pipe 3, and the outlet end of the jacket 63 is connected to the first absorber 11. This arrangement can preheat the boiler inlet pipe 3 using the flue 2, and then heat the boiler inlet pipe 3 through the first absorber 11, resulting in a high waste heat recovery rate. At the same time, the flue gas is cooled by using the boiler inlet pipe 3. The cooled flue gas collides continuously with the side wall of the flue 2 when it rotates and rises, and condenses water when it mixes with air, thereby further reducing the water vapor content in the flue gas. In addition, the combined effect of dilution by air and reheating by the first condenser 14 further improves the whitening effect of the flue gas.
[0074] While the present invention has been disclosed above, it is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make various modifications and alterations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope defined in the claims.
Claims
1. A flue gas treatment system, characterized in that, The system includes a first absorption heat pump (1) and a flue (2). The first absorption heat pump (1) includes a first absorber (11) and a first condenser (14) and a second condenser (16) connected in parallel. The first condenser (14) and the second condenser (16) are respectively located inside and outside the flue (2). The boiler inlet pipe (3) passes through the first absorber (11) and the second condenser (16) in sequence. The boiler inlet pipe (3) is equipped with a valve assembly for controlling the first absorption heat pump (1) to perform waste heat recovery and selectively reheat the flue gas.
2. The flue gas treatment system of claim 1, wherein, The valve assembly includes a third valve (163) and a fourth valve (164). The third valve (163) is located between the second condenser (16) and the first absorber (11). One end of the fourth valve (164) is connected to the boiler return water pipeline (4), and the other end of the fourth valve (164) is located between the outlet end of the first absorber (11) and the third valve (163).
3. The flue gas treatment system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The flue (2) is equipped with a first heat exchanger (15) and a desulfurization tower (5). The first absorption heat pump (1) includes a first evaporator (12). The first heat exchanger (15) is located upstream of the desulfurization tower (5). The first heat exchanger (15) is used to absorb the heat of the flue gas in the flue (2) to heat the medium in the first evaporator (12).
4. The flue gas treatment system of claim 3, wherein, The first absorption heat pump (1) further includes a first absorber (11) and a first generator (13). The first absorber (11) is coupled to the boiler inlet pipe (3) to achieve heat exchange. The first absorber (11), the first generator (13), the second condenser (16), and the first evaporator (12) are connected in sequence. The first generator (13) generates medium steam by driving a heat source to heat the medium.
5. The flue gas treatment system of claim 4, wherein, The first absorption heat pump (1) further includes a second heat exchanger (17), which is arranged in parallel with the first heat exchanger (15). The second heat exchanger (17) is located upstream of the first heat exchanger (15). A first valve (151) and a second valve (152) are respectively arranged between the first heat exchanger (15), the second heat exchanger (17) and the first evaporator (12). The first valve (151) and the second valve (152) are arranged in parallel and are used to switch between the first heat exchanger (15) and the second heat exchanger (17).
6. The flue gas treatment system of claim 5, wherein, The first condenser (14) is a tube bundle heat exchange device.
7. The flue gas treatment system of claim 6, wherein, The first condenser (14) is connected to the first generator (13) and the first evaporator (12) respectively through a medium channel (141). A first throttling element (142) is provided on the medium channel (141), and a second throttling element (161) is provided between the second condenser (16) and the first evaporator (12).
8. The flue gas treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flue gas treatment system also includes a second absorption heat pump (7), which includes a second absorber (71), a second generator (73), a third condenser (74), and a second evaporator (72) arranged in series. The second generator (73) generates medium steam by driving a heat source. The boiler inlet pipe (3) is coupled to the second absorber (71) and the third condenser (74) in sequence to absorb heat. The second absorption heat pump (7) also includes a third heat exchanger (75) located in the flue (2) to absorb the heat of the flue gas in the flue (2) to heat the medium in the second evaporator (72).
9. The flue gas treatment system of claim 8, wherein, A third throttling element (741) is provided between the third condenser (74) and the second evaporator (72).