Pedestal for immersed tube joint and immersed tube joint pulling system

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of immersed tubes, in particular to a pedestal for immersed tube joints and an immersed tube joint pulling system. The pedestal comprises a drainage pressure reduction layer, a first concrete layer, a mixing layer and a resistance reduction layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top; the mixing layer comprises a gravel layer and a second concrete layer which are arranged up and down, H-shaped steel is embedded in the mixing layer, and at least two pieces of H-shaped steel are arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction; connecting pieces are arranged between adjacent H-shaped steel, the lower portions of the H-shaped steel are located in the gravel layer, and the upper portions of the H-shaped steel are located in the second concrete layer. According to the pedestal for the immersed tube joints, due to the unique structural design, the pedestal can bear overweight concrete structures and huge pulling force between the overweight concrete structures, and the pedestal can be used for pulling butt joint of the immersed tube joints.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of immersed tunnel technology, and in particular to a platform for immersed tunnel sections and an immersed tunnel section assembly system. Background Technology

[0002] In immersed tunnel construction, immersed tunnel sections are typically prefabricated in a dock or dry dock. In some cases, two sections need to be joined together to form a single unit, facilitating simultaneous transportation and installation of the two sections later. The connection and joining of the sections is a crucial aspect of immersed tunnel quality control. The support platform, located beneath the prefabricated immersed tunnel, is a structural element. Traditional joining platforms are typically concrete slab platforms, which often suffer from insufficient load-bearing capacity and high resistance. In particular, the friction between the platform and the immersed tunnel section during joining operations causes the platform to bear enormous horizontal joining forces. Traditional platforms are unable to withstand these forces, severely impacting the joining accuracy of the immersed tunnel sections and consequently affecting the overall quality and safety of the tunnel project. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problem that existing pedestals in the background art cannot withstand the huge pulling force during the assembling of immersed tunnel sections, and to provide a pedestal and assembling system for immersed tunnel sections.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a platform for a submerged pipe section, comprising, from bottom to top, a drainage and pressure-reducing layer, a first concrete layer, a mixing layer, and a drag-reducing layer; the mixing layer comprises an upper and lower crushed stone layer and a second concrete layer, wherein H-beams are embedded in the mixing layer, and at least two H-beams are spaced apart longitudinally; a connector is provided between adjacent H-beams, the lower part of the H-beam is located in the crushed stone layer, and the upper part of the H-beam is located in the second concrete layer.

[0005] The pedestal for immersed tunnel sections described in this invention can promptly drain groundwater from the foundation through a drainage and pressure-reducing layer, thereby reducing the buoyancy exerted by groundwater on the pedestal and lowering the probability of slippage relative to the foundation. The first concrete layer acts as a leveling and stabilizing support, evenly distributing the load from the superstructure to the foundation and enhancing the overall stability of the pedestal. The crushed stone layer in the mixed layer further regulates uneven settlement of the foundation, while also serving to drain and diffuse stress, improving the overall performance of the pedestal structure. By embedding H-beams and connectors in the mixed layer, the vertical and lateral bearing capacity of the pedestal can be significantly improved, enabling the pedestal to stably support the immersed tunnel sections and withstand enormous tension forces, thus ensuring the strength and stability of the pedestal during the tensioning process of the ultra-heavy concrete structure. The drag-reducing layer reduces the friction between the immersed tunnel sections and the pedestal during the tensioning process, reducing the power required for tensioning and preventing damage to the structure due to excessive friction.

[0006] The platform for immersed tunnel sections described in this utility model, through its unique structural design, enables the platform to support ultra-heavy concrete structures and withstand the enormous tensile forces between ultra-heavy concrete structures. It can be used for the connection and jointing of immersed tunnel sections, and the immersed tunnel sections can be placed directly on the drag-reducing layer without the need for structures such as sliding plates, which helps to reduce costs and simplify construction.

[0007] Preferably, the lower flange and part of the web of the H-beam are embedded in the crushed stone layer, and the upper flange and part of the web of the H-beam are embedded in the second concrete layer.

[0008] Preferably, the crushed stone layer includes a lower layer and an upper layer arranged vertically, with the lower flange of the H-beam located on the top surface of the lower layer; the top surface of the upper flange of the H-beam is flush with the top surface of the second concrete layer.

[0009] Preferably, the vertical dimension of the connector is smaller than the vertical dimension of the web of the H-beam; the top surface of the connector is located at 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the height of the H-beam.

[0010] Preferably, the top surface of the crushed stone layer is flush with the top surface of the connector.

[0011] Preferably, the connector is a V-shaped structural component.

[0012] Preferably, the end of the connector is connected to the web of the H-beam.

[0013] Preferably, the connector is an L-shaped steel, and the connector includes a first plate and a second plate that are perpendicular to each other, and the first plate and the second plate are symmetrical about the vertical axis.

[0014] Preferably, the connector is welded to or bolted to the H-beam.

[0015] Preferably, the drainage and pressure-reducing layer includes a perforated blind drain pipe and sandy soil, wherein the perforated blind drain pipe is buried in the sandy soil.

[0016] Preferably, at least two of the perforated blind drain pipes are arranged at longitudinal intervals.

[0017] Preferably, the maximum particle size of the crushed stone in the crushed stone layer does not exceed 40 mm.

[0018] Preferably, the drag-reducing layer comprises a steel plate, which is laid on the second concrete layer.

[0019] Preferably, the top surface of the steel plate is provided with a lubricant.

[0020] Preferably, adjacent steel plates are welded together, and the weld between adjacent steel plates is located on the top surface of the H-beam, and the weld extends along the H-beam.

[0021] Preferably, the steel plate has a bevel at its end, the two sides of the weld are connected to the bevel respectively, and the bottom of the weld is connected to the H-beam.

[0022] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a submerged tunnel section pulling system, comprising two submerged tunnel sections with their ends facing each other, a base, and a platform for the submerged tunnel sections as described above. The platform is located on the base, and the submerged tunnel sections are located on the top surface of the platform. The two submerged tunnel sections are pulled together, and the pulling direction is parallel to the length direction of the H-beam.

[0023] Preferably, the substrate has a recess, and the drainage and pressure relief layer includes a perforated blind drain pipe located within the recess.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0025] The pedestal for immersed tunnel sections described in this invention can promptly drain groundwater from the foundation through a drainage and pressure-reducing layer, thereby reducing the buoyancy exerted by groundwater on the pedestal and lowering the probability of slippage relative to the foundation. The first concrete layer acts as a leveling and stabilizing support, evenly distributing the load from the superstructure to the foundation and enhancing the overall stability of the pedestal. The crushed stone layer in the mixed layer further regulates uneven settlement of the foundation, while also serving to drain and diffuse stress, improving the overall performance of the pedestal structure. By embedding H-beams and connectors in the mixed layer, the vertical and lateral bearing capacity of the pedestal can be significantly improved, enabling the pedestal to stably support the immersed tunnel sections and withstand enormous tension forces, thus ensuring the strength and stability of the pedestal during the tensioning process of the ultra-heavy concrete structure. The drag-reducing layer reduces the friction between the immersed tunnel sections and the pedestal during the tensioning process, reducing the power required for tensioning and preventing damage to the structure due to excessive friction. The platform for immersed tunnel sections described in this utility model, through its unique structural design, enables the platform to support ultra-heavy concrete structures and withstand the enormous tensile forces between ultra-heavy concrete structures. It can be used for the connection and jointing of immersed tunnel sections, and the immersed tunnel sections can be placed directly on the drag-reducing layer without the need for structures such as sliding plates, which helps to reduce costs and simplify construction. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the platform for the immersed tube section described in this utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of section A in the middle;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a plan view of the immersed tube section pulling and closing system of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a front view of the immersed tube section pulling and closing system described in this utility model;

[0030] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of section B in the middle.

[0031] Marked in the image:

[0032] 1- Drainage and pressure relief layer;

[0033] 11-Perforated blind drain pipe;

[0034] 2-First concrete layer;

[0035] 3-Gravel layer;

[0036] 31 - Lower layer; 32 - Upper layer;

[0037] 4-Second concrete layer;

[0038] 5-Drag-reducing layer;

[0039] 51 - Steel plate; 52 - Weld; 53 - Bevel;

[0040] 6-Base;

[0041] 61-Pit;

[0042] 7-H section steel;

[0043] 71-Connector;

[0044] 8-First pipe section;

[0045] 9-Second pipe section. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. However, it should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention to the following embodiments; all technologies implemented based on the content of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0047] Unless otherwise specified, the use of terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "center," "inner," and "outer" to indicate orientation or positional relationships in the description of specific embodiments of this utility model is based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the utility model product / equipment / device is typically placed during use. These terms are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of the utility model solution or simplifying the description in specific embodiments, enabling those skilled in the art to quickly understand the solution, and do not indicate or imply that a specific device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific positional relationship. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0048] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," and "parallel" does not imply that the corresponding device / component / element must be absolutely horizontal, vertical, suspended, or parallel, but rather that it can be slightly tilted or have a deviation. For example, "horizontal" merely means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," not that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding device / component / element, when set in a "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," or "parallel" direction, can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction, more preferably within ±8%, more preferably within ±6%, more preferably within ±5%, and more preferably within ±4%. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its function in the present invention.

[0049] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first," "second," and "third" in terminology is merely for distinguishing descriptions of identical or similar components and should not be interpreted as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of a particular component.

[0050] Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of this utility model, "several", "multiple", and "several" represent at least two. The number can be any number, such as two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, or nine, and can even exceed nine.

[0051] Furthermore, in the description of the technical solution of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified / limited / restricted, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," "link," "equipped with," "laid out," and "arranged" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to common connection methods in the art, such as welding, riveting, bolting, and threaded connections. Such connections can be mechanical, electrical, or communication connections; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a platform for immersed tube sections. The platform can sit on the base 6. The platform includes a drainage and pressure reduction layer 1, a first concrete layer 2, a mixing layer and a drag reduction layer 5 arranged sequentially from bottom to top.

[0054] The drainage and pressure relief layer 1 is located on the base 6. It can be composed of sandy soil with good drainage and high porosity, and is mainly used for drainage and pressure relief of groundwater.

[0055] The first concrete layer 2 is located on the drainage and pressure relief layer 1. It can be formed by pouring plain concrete and mainly serves to level and distribute the upper load.

[0056] The mixed layer is located on the first concrete layer 2, and includes a crushed stone layer 3 and a second concrete layer 4 set above and below. The crushed stone layer 3 can be formed by filling graded crushed stone. The crushed stone layer 3 can play a role in adjusting the uneven settlement of the base 6, as well as drainage and stress diffusion, which is conducive to improving the overall performance of the platform. The second concrete layer 4 is located on the crushed stone layer 3. It can be formed by pouring plain concrete and can play a role in leveling the crushed stone layer 3 and distributing the load.

[0057] A steel structure is embedded in the crushed stone layer 3 and the second concrete layer 4. The steel structure is the core load-bearing structure of the platform. While increasing the vertical load-bearing capacity of the platform, it can also improve the horizontal shear strength of the platform, enabling it to withstand the huge tensile force during the installation of the immersed tunnel sections.

[0058] Preferably, the steel structure includes H-beams 7, with at least two H-beams 7 spaced apart longitudinally; a connector 71 is provided between adjacent H-beams 7, the lower part of the H-beams 7 is located within the crushed stone layer 3, and the upper part of the H-beams 7 is located within the second concrete layer 4; the H-beams 7 are embedded in the crushed stone layer 3 and the second concrete layer 4, which can improve the stability of the H-beams 7 on the one hand, and further improve the shear strength through the interaction between the H-beams 7 and the crushed stone layer 3 / second concrete layer 4 on the other hand.

[0059] The drag-reducing layer 5 is located at the top of the platform and is mainly used to reduce the friction between the platform and the contact surface of the immersed tunnel section, thereby reducing the tension required when the two immersed tunnel sections are pulled together, reducing the construction difficulty, and preventing the immersed tunnel section from bearing excessive tension, thus reducing the probability of the immersed tunnel section being damaged.

[0060] The pedestal for the immersed tunnel section described in this embodiment can promptly drain groundwater from the foundation through the drainage and pressure-reducing layer 1, thereby reducing the buoyancy exerted by groundwater on the pedestal and lowering the probability of slippage of the pedestal relative to the foundation. The first concrete layer 2 can play a role in leveling and stabilizing support, and can evenly distribute the load from the superstructure to the foundation, enhancing the overall stability of the pedestal. The crushed stone layer 3 in the mixed layer can further regulate the uneven settlement of the foundation, and at the same time play a role in drainage and stress diffusion, improving the overall performance of the pedestal structure. By embedding H-beams 7 and connectors 71 in the mixed layer, the vertical and lateral bearing capacity of the pedestal can be greatly improved, enabling the pedestal to stably support the immersed tunnel section and withstand huge tension forces, thereby ensuring the strength and stability of the pedestal during the tensioning process of the ultra-heavy concrete structure. The drag-reducing layer 5 can reduce the friction between the immersed tunnel section and the pedestal during the tensioning process, reduce the power required for tensioning, and avoid damage to the structure due to excessive friction.

[0061] The platform for the immersed tunnel section described in this embodiment has a unique structural design that enables it to support the ultra-heavy concrete structure and withstand the huge tensile forces between the ultra-heavy concrete structures. It can be used for the connection and docking of the immersed tunnel section. The immersed tunnel section can be placed directly on the drag reduction layer 5 without the need for structures such as sliding plates, which helps to reduce costs and simplify construction.

[0062] In some embodiments, the upper and lower flanges of the H-beam 7 are arranged vertically, the lower flange and part of the web of the H-beam 7 are embedded in the crushed stone layer 3, and the upper flange and part of the web of the H-beam 7 are embedded in the second concrete layer 4.

[0063] Preferably, the crushed stone layer 3 includes a lower layer 31 and an upper layer 32 arranged vertically, and the lower flange of the H-beam 7 is located on the top surface of the lower layer 31; as shown Figure 2 As shown, both the lower layer 31 and the upper layer 32 are parts of the crushed stone layer 3. During construction, the lower layer 31 can be laid on the top surface of the first concrete layer 2 first, and then several H-beams 7 and connectors 71 can be placed on the lower layer 31. Finally, the upper layer 32 can be laid on the lower layer 31 so that the lower part of the H-beams 7 is embedded in the crushed stone layer 3.

[0064] Preferably, the top surface of the upper flange of the H-beam 7 is flush with the top surface of the second concrete layer 4, and the top surface of the H-beam 7 is exposed on the top surface of the second concrete layer 4, so that a number of steel strips are formed on the top surface of the second concrete layer 4 at intervals along the longitudinal direction. The steel strips can be used for welding of subsequent components.

[0065] The thickness of the lower layer 31 can be 30mm-70mm, more preferably 45mm-55mm, and even more preferably 50mm; the crushed stone layer 3 can be made of hard, well-graded crushed stone as raw material, preferably, the maximum particle size of the crushed stone does not exceed 40mm, and the compaction degree is not less than 95%. The H-beams 7 can be parallel to the transverse direction, and several H-beams 7 can be arranged at equal intervals along the longitudinal direction, with the spacing between adjacent H-beams 7 preferably being 1.0m-1.5m.

[0066] Preferably, the vertical dimension of the connector 71 is smaller than the vertical dimension of the web of the H-beam 7. The connector 71 can be a strip structure, so that the end of the connector 71 is fixedly connected to the web of the H-beam 7, thereby connecting adjacent H-beams 7 into one piece. The connector 71 can play the role of transmitting longitudinal force.

[0067] Preferably, the top surface of the upper part 32 is flush with the top surface of the connector 71.

[0068] Preferably, the top surface of the connector 71 is located at 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the height of the H-beam 7.

[0069] Preferably, the connector 71 is a V-shaped structural component.

[0070] More preferably, the connector 71 is an L-shaped steel, comprising a first plate and a second plate that are perpendicular to each other, and the first plate and the second plate are symmetrical about a vertical axis, as shown below. Figure 5 As shown.

[0071] The connector 71 can be welded or bolted to the H-beam 7. After the H-beam 7 and connector 71 are arranged on the lower layer 31 and the elevation is adjusted, the upper layer 32 can be laid on the top surface of the lower layer 31 and compacted using a light rolling mill so that the top surface of the compacted upper layer 32 is flush with the top surface of the connector 71. Furthermore, after the crushed stone layer 3, H-beam 7 and connector 71 are set up, concrete can be poured on the upper part of the crushed stone layer 3 and connector 71 and on the side of the H-beam 7 to form the second concrete layer 4.

[0072] In some embodiments, the drainage pressure relief layer 1 includes a perforated blind drain pipe 11 and sandy soil, with the perforated blind drain pipe 11 buried in the sandy soil.

[0073] The perforated blind drain pipe 11 is a tubular structure with holes in its body. Groundwater can enter the perforated blind drain pipe 11 through the holes in its body and then flow along the length of the perforated blind drain pipe 11 and then be discharged from the end of the perforated blind drain pipe 11. A water collection tank or other structure can be set at the end of the perforated blind drain pipe 11 to centrally treat the discharged water.

[0074] Preferably, at least two perforated blind drain pipes 11 are arranged longitudinally at intervals, and the perforated blind drain pipes 11 are parallel to the transverse direction; the perforated blind drain pipes 11 are parallel to the H-beams 7, and the perforated blind drain pipes 11 can be arranged at a slight inclination to facilitate the flow of groundwater in the perforated blind drain pipes 11.

[0075] Preferably, a strip-shaped recess 61 is provided on the base 6, and the perforated blind drain pipe 11 is located in the recess 61; the recess 61 can further concentrate groundwater and allow the perforated blind drain pipe 11 to be buried at a lower ground level, so as to facilitate the flow of groundwater into the perforated blind drain pipe 11.

[0076] In some embodiments, the drag-reducing layer 5 includes a steel plate 51, which is laid on the second concrete layer 4. The steel plate 51 can play a role in leveling and distributing the load. The top surface of the steel plate 51 is smoother than the concrete surface, which can reduce the resistance when the immersed tube section moves.

[0077] To further reduce the resistance of the top surface of the pedestal, preferably, the top surface of the steel plate 51 is cleaned to remove burrs, rust and oil stains, the unevenness of the plate surface is checked, and a lubricant, such as lubricating oil or grease, is applied to the top surface of the steel plate 51.

[0078] Preferably, adjacent steel plates 51 are welded together, and the weld 52 between adjacent steel plates 51 is located on the top surface of the H-beam 7, and the weld 52 extends along the H-beam 7.

[0079] More preferably, the end of the steel plate 51 is provided with a bevel 53, the bevel 53 can be at an angle of 45°, the two sides of the weld 52 are respectively connected to the bevel 53, and the bottom of the weld 52 is connected to the H-beam 7.

[0080] In this embodiment, weld 52 refers to the welding electrode formed by the cooling of welding flux during the welding operation. Weld 52 is located on the top surface of H-beam 7 and connected to H-beam 7, which can fix the end of steel plate 51 to H-beam 7. This not only reduces the probability of slippage of steel plate 51, but also reduces the warping of the end of steel plate 51, making steel plate 51 flatter. Using bevel welding can increase the welding area. The ends of the two steel plates 51 are spaced apart, allowing the welding flux to penetrate and connect to H-beam 7. After welding, the surface is ground flat. The connection between the steel plate 51 and the edge of H-beam 7 should be made by welding with open plugs at a certain interval along the center of H-beam 7. After welding, the surface is ground flat.

[0081] Example 2

[0082] This embodiment provides a platform for supporting the assembly of immersed tunnel sections. The platform consists of five parts: a drainage and pressure-reducing layer 1, a plain concrete layer, a graded crushed stone layer, a steel structure layer, and a drag-reducing layer 5; as detailed below:

[0083] Part 1: Drainage and pressure relief layer 1. Drainage and pressure relief layer 1 is located at the bottom of the platform and is mainly used for drainage and pressure relief to prevent groundwater from generating buoyancy on the platform.

[0084] Construction method: After excavating the foundation 6, remove surface debris and loose soil, and perform bearing capacity treatment on the foundation 6 to ensure that the compaction degree of the foundation meets the design requirements, generally not less than 90%. After meeting the requirements, install perforated blind drain pipes 11 by trenching at 1.5m intervals. After completion, backfill and level the foundation with sandy soil.

[0085] Part Two: Plain Concrete Layer. In this embodiment, the plain concrete layer is equivalent to the first concrete layer 2 in Embodiment 1. The plain concrete layer is located above the drainage and pressure relief layer 1 and mainly serves to level the foundation and provide stable support. It can evenly distribute the load from the superstructure to the foundation and enhance the overall stability of the platform.

[0086] Construction method: Lay a 10cm thick concrete pad on the drainage and pressure relief layer 1. During the pouring process, use a vibrating device to fully vibrate the concrete to ensure its compactness.

[0087] Part Three: Graded Crushed Stone Layer + Steel Structure Layer. The graded crushed stone layer is located above the plain concrete layer and is mainly used to further adjust the uneven settlement of the foundation. It also plays a role in drainage and stress diffusion, improving the overall performance of the pedestal structure. The steel structure layer is the core load-bearing structure of the pedestal and can withstand huge tensile forces, ensuring the strength and stability of the pedestal during the tensile process of the ultra-heavy concrete structure.

[0088] Production method:

[0089] Step 1: Select hard, well-graded crushed stone as raw material. The maximum particle size of the crushed stone should not exceed 40mm, and the compaction degree should not be less than 95%. Determine the model and specifications of H-beam 7 according to the stress analysis and design requirements of the tensioning platform. For parts that bear large tension forces, H-beam 7 of models such as H400×400×13×21 can be selected.

[0090] Step 2: First, lay a 50mm thick layer of graded crushed stone on the plain concrete layer and compact it with a road roller.

[0091] Step 3: On the first layer of compacted graded crushed stone, a row of H-beams 7 are equidistantly placed along the longitudinal direction of the platform; the H-beams 7 are arranged according to the design spacing, which is generally between 1.0m and 1.5m.

[0092] Step 4: After adjusting the elevation of H-beam 7, use L100 steel to horizontally weld or connect each H-beam 7 securely with bolts. The spacing is generally between 1.5m and 2.0m. The top surface of the L100 steel weld should be at two-thirds of the height of the H-beam 7.

[0093] Step 5: After connecting all the H-beams 7 with the L100 steel, lay two-thirds the thickness of the graded crushed stone on the first layer of graded crushed stone, and compact it with a light rolling device. After compaction and leveling, the height should be basically the same as that of the transverse L100 steel.

[0094] Step 6: Pour concrete blocks on the graded crushed stone layer, making the top surface of the concrete blocks flush with the top surface of the H-beam 7, ensuring the surface flatness. This concrete block is equivalent to the second concrete layer 4 in Example 1.

[0095] Step 7: Lay a steel plate 51 of not less than 18mm on the H-beam 7 and the concrete block. When hoisting and laying the steel plate 51, reliable measures should be taken to prevent permanent deformation of the steel plate. The splice of the steel plate extends along the length of the H-beam 7, and the splice is welded with a bevel and firmly welded to the H-beam 7. All welds are required to be fully penetrated. After welding, the surface is ground smooth. The connection between the steel plate 51 and the edge of the H-beam 7 should be welded along the center of the H-beam 7 using open plugs at certain intervals. After welding, the surface is ground smooth.

[0096] Part 5: Drag Reduction Layer 5, located above the second concrete layer 4, is used to reduce the friction between the immersed tube section and the platform during the pulling process, reduce the power required for pulling, and avoid damage to the structure due to excessive friction.

[0097] Manufacturing method: After the steel plate 51 is laid, its top surface is cleaned to remove burrs, rust and oil stains. The unevenness of the steel plate surface is tested, and the unevenness per linear meter is required to be <5mm. Before the prefabrication of the immersed tube section, a layer of lubricating oil ≥2mm is evenly applied to the surface of the pedestal steel plate before laying the waterproof bottom steel plate of the immersed tube to reduce the friction between the bottom surface of the immersed tube and the pedestal.

[0098] This embodiment addresses the field of immersed tunnel segment pedestal fabrication, particularly for pedestals used in the connection of ultra-heavy concrete structures. Through unique structural design and drag reduction measures, the pedestal described in this embodiment can withstand the enormous tensile forces between ultra-heavy concrete structures, ensuring structural safety during construction. It successfully solves the challenges of load-bearing capacity and tensile resistance in pedestals for connecting ultra-heavy concrete structures. The fabrication method of this embodiment has clear steps, uses common materials for each structural layer, and employs mature construction techniques, making it easy to promote and apply in practical projects. It can effectively improve construction efficiency and shorten the construction cycle. In an actual immersed tunnel project, the fabrication structure and method of this embodiment were used to construct the tensile pedestal. Testing showed that the load-bearing capacity of the pedestal fully met the project requirements. During the tensile process, the tensile resistance was reduced by more than 40% compared to traditional pedestals, significantly reducing the power required for tensile equipment. Simultaneously, it ensured the accuracy of the immersed tunnel segment connection within ±5mm, effectively improving construction quality and efficiency, and verifying the feasibility and superiority of this embodiment.

[0099] Example 3

[0100] This embodiment provides a submerged tunnel segment pulling system, including two submerged tunnel segments with their ends facing each other, a base 6, and a platform for the submerged tunnel segments as described in Embodiment 1 or 2. The platform is located on the base 6, and the submerged tunnel segments are located on the top surface of the platform, that is, on the top surface of the drag-reducing layer 5. The two submerged tunnel segments are pulled together and the pulling direction is parallel to the transverse direction.

[0101] A pulling device, such as a hydraulic cylinder, can be installed between the opposite ends of two immersed tunnel sections. By pulling, one of the immersed tunnel sections can be moved relative to the ground to approach the other immersed tunnel section and connect with it.

[0102] For example, in a certain working condition, such as Figures 3 to 5 As shown, this working condition includes two immersed tube sections that need to be pulled together. The first tube section 8 is 101m long, the second tube section 9 is 4m long, and the weight is about 1200t. The second tube section 9 can be prefabricated on the platform as described above. The end of the first tube section 8 can also be located on the platform as described above. During the docking, the second tube section 9 is pulled towards the first tube section 8 by a pulling device.

[0103] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A bed for a tunnel tube segment, characterized in that, It includes a drainage and pressure-reducing layer (1), a first concrete layer (2), a mixing layer and a drag-reducing layer (5) arranged sequentially from bottom to top. The mixed layer includes a crushed stone layer (3) and a second concrete layer (4) arranged vertically. H-beams (7) are embedded in the mixed layer, and at least two H-beams (7) are arranged longitudinally at intervals. Connectors (71) are provided between adjacent H-beams (7). The lower part of the H-beam (7) is located in the crushed stone layer (3), and the upper part of the H-beam (7) is located in the second concrete layer (4).

2. Bed for a segment of immersed tube according to claim 1, characterized in that The lower flange and part of the web of the H-beam (7) are embedded in the crushed stone layer (3), and the upper flange and part of the web of the H-beam (7) are embedded in the second concrete layer (4).

3. Bed for a segment of immersed tube according to claim 2, characterized in that The crushed stone layer (3) includes a lower layer (31) and an upper layer (32) arranged vertically. The lower flange of the H-beam (7) is located on the top surface of the lower layer (31). The top surface of the upper flange of the H-beam (7) is flush with the top surface of the second concrete layer (4).

4. A bed for a immersed tube segment according to claim 1, characterized in that The vertical dimension of the connector (71) is smaller than the vertical dimension of the web of the H-beam (7); the top surface of the connector (71) is located at 1 / 2-2 / 3 of the height of the H-beam (7).

5. A bed for a immersed tube segment according to claim 1, characterized in that The top surface of the crushed stone layer (3) is flush with the top surface of the connector (71); The connector (71) is a V-shaped structural component; The end of the connector (71) is connected to the web of the H-beam (7).

6. Bed for a segment of immersed tube according to claim 5, characterized in that The connector (71) is an L-shaped steel, and the connector (71) includes a first plate and a second plate that are perpendicular to each other, and the first plate and the second plate are symmetrical about the vertical axis; The connector (71) is welded to or bolted to the H-beam (7).

7. Bed for a pipe section of a immersed tube according to any of the claims 1-6, characterized in that The drainage pressure relief layer (1) includes a perforated blind drain pipe (11) and sandy soil, wherein the perforated blind drain pipe (11) is buried in the sandy soil; At least two of the perforated blind drain pipes (11) are arranged longitudinally at intervals; The maximum particle size of the crushed stone in the crushed stone layer (3) does not exceed 40 mm.

8. Bed for a pipe section of a immersed tube according to any of the claims 1-6, characterized in that The drag-reducing layer (5) includes a steel plate (51) laid on the second concrete layer (4); the top surface of the steel plate (51) is provided with a lubricant; The adjacent steel plates (51) are welded together, and the weld (52) between the adjacent steel plates (51) is located on the top surface of the H-beam (7), and the weld (52) extends along the H-beam (7); The steel plate (51) has a bevel (53) at its end. The two sides of the weld (52) are connected to the bevel (53) respectively. The bottom of the weld (52) is connected to the H-beam (7).

9. A method of joining segments of a tunneling pipe, comprising: It includes two immersed tube sections facing each other at the ends, a base (6) and a platform for the immersed tube section as described in any one of claims 1-8, the platform being located on the base (6), the immersed tube section being located on the top surface of the platform, the two immersed tube sections being pulled together and the pulling direction being parallel to the length direction of the H-beam (7).

10. The immersed tunnel section pulling system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The base (6) is provided with a recess (61), and the drainage pressure relief layer (1) comprises a perforated blind ditch pipe (11) located in the recess (61).

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