Cutter head water cooling system of shield tunneling machine

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of shield tunneling machine cooling, and particularly discloses a shield tunneling machine cutterhead water cooling system which comprises a water tank, an internal cooling assembly, an external cooling assembly and a temperature sensing opening and closing unit. The internal cooling assembly comprises an internal cooling channel, the internal cooling channel is arranged in the shield tunneling machine cutterhead, the water inlet end of the internal cooling channel is communicated with the water outlet of the water tank through a first cooling water pipeline, and the water outlet end of the internal cooling channel is communicated with the water inlet of the water tank through a second cooling water pipeline, so that a circulating water cooling channel is formed; a water pump is arranged in the first cooling water pipeline; the external cooling assembly comprises a cooling nozzle, and the cooling nozzle communicates with a first cooling water pipeline; the temperature sensing start-stop unit is arranged on the shield tunneling machine cutterhead and used for driving the water pump to start and stop. Through the structural design, the cooling effect of the cutter head of the shield tunneling machine is remarkably improved, the service life of the cutter head and a cutter is prolonged, the construction efficiency and safety are improved, and meanwhile the operation cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of tunnel boring machine cooling technology, and more specifically, relates to a tunnel boring machine cutterhead water cooling system. Background Technology

[0002] During the tunneling process of a tunnel boring machine, the friction between the cutterhead and the rock and soil generates a lot of heat. Especially in hard rock formations or during long-term continuous operation, the temperature of the cutter and cutterhead rises sharply, leading to accelerated cutter wear, seal failure, and even equipment failure.

[0003] Traditional tunnel boring machine cutterhead cooling methods mostly employ air cooling or simple water spray cooling, but these methods have obvious limitations. For example, although air cooling systems can remove some heat, their cooling effect is limited, and in high-temperature environments, air cooling systems consume a lot of energy; while water spray cooling can directly reduce the cutterhead temperature, its water resource utilization rate is low. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this application provides a water-cooling system for the cutterhead of a tunnel boring machine, aiming to solve the problems of poor cooling effect of existing air-cooling methods and low water resource utilization of traditional water-cooling methods.

[0005] This application provides a water-cooling system for a tunnel boring machine (TBM) cutterhead, specifically including a water tank, an internal cooling assembly, an external cooling assembly, and a temperature-sensing on / off unit. The internal cooling assembly includes an internal cooling channel located inside the TBM cutterhead. The inlet of the internal cooling channel is connected to the outlet of the water tank via a first cooling water pipe, and the outlet of the internal cooling channel is connected to the inlet of the water tank via a second cooling water pipe, forming a circulating water-cooling channel. A water pump is installed in the first cooling water pipe. The external cooling assembly includes cooling nozzles connected to the first cooling water pipe to spray and cool the TBM cutterhead. The temperature-sensing on / off unit is installed on the TBM cutterhead and is used to drive the water pump to open and close.

[0006] Compared with the prior art, the internal cooling channel of the internal cooling component in the water cooling system of this application acts directly on the inside of the cutterhead, and the heat is removed by the circulation of cooling water inside the cutterhead. Meanwhile, the cooling nozzles of the external cooling component directly spray cooling water onto the surface of the cutterhead and the cutter. This dual cooling method can quickly and effectively reduce the temperature of the cutterhead and its cutter. The cooling water is pumped from the water tank to the first cooling water pipeline, and returns to the water tank after passing through the internal cooling channel and the second cooling water pipeline, forming a closed-loop circulation system. This improves the utilization rate of cooling water, avoids waste of cooling water, and reduces construction costs. The temperature sensing start-up and shut-down unit can monitor the temperature change of the cutterhead in real time and automatically control the start-up and shut-down of the water pump according to the temperature signal to cool the cutterhead in a timely manner. This can achieve the beneficial effect of ensuring the stable performance of the tunnel boring machine during long-term, high-intensity tunneling and reducing the safety risks caused by high temperature of the tunnel boring machine cutterhead.

[0007] As a further preferred embodiment, the internal cooling channel has a ring structure and is coaxially arranged with the cutterhead of the tunnel boring machine, with both the inlet and outlet ends of the internal cooling channel located at the axial center.

[0008] As a further preferred embodiment, the internal cooling channel has a mesh structure, and the first cooling water pipe route injects cooling water from the bottom to the top of the internal cooling channel.

[0009] As a further preferred embodiment, the temperature sensing start / stop unit includes a temperature sensing module and a signal transmitting module, both of which are fixedly connected to the cutterhead of the tunnel boring machine. The temperature sensing module is connected to the signal transmitting module and transmits signals through the signal transmitting module.

[0010] As a further preferred embodiment, multiple temperature sensing modules are provided, and the multiple temperature sensing modules are evenly distributed on the cutterhead of the tunnel boring machine.

[0011] As a further preferred embodiment, the water pump is a high-pressure centrifugal pump and is internally equipped with a first signal receiving module for receiving signals emitted by the signal transmitting module.

[0012] As a further preferred embodiment, a solenoid valve is also provided between the cooling nozzle and the first cooling water pipeline, and a second signal receiving module is provided inside for receiving signals emitted by the signal transmitting module.

[0013] As a further preferred embodiment, the water cooling system also includes a circulation treatment component for recovering and reusing the cooling water sprayed by the cooling nozzles.

[0014] As a further preferred embodiment, the recycling assembly includes a recycling tank and a conveying pipe. The recycling tank is located at the bottom of the tunnel boring machine cutterhead and is connected to the water tank via the conveying pipe.

[0015] As a further preferred embodiment, the water cooling system further includes a radiator, which is fixedly installed in the second cooling water pipeline.

[0016] In summary, compared with the prior art, the technical solutions conceived in this application have the following main technical advantages:

[0017] 1. This application employs a dual cooling method using internal cooling channels and cooling nozzles, enabling the system to simultaneously cool both the interior and surface of the tunnel boring machine cutterhead. The internal cooling channels act directly on the interior of the cutterhead, removing the heat generated during rotation and cutting. The external cooling nozzles directly spray cooling water onto the cutterhead surface and the cutting tools, reducing the localized high temperatures generated by friction between the cutting tools and the rock. This combined internal and external cooling method significantly improves cooling efficiency, ensuring that the cutterhead and cutting tools are always within a suitable operating temperature range.

[0018] 2. This application can monitor the temperature change of the cutter head in real time through the temperature sensing opening and closing unit, and transmit the temperature signal to the water pump and solenoid valve through the signal transmitting module; the signal receiving module inside the water pump and solenoid valve automatically adjusts the flow rate and spray time of the cooling water according to the received signal to achieve precise cooling. This control method can dynamically adjust the cooling intensity according to the actual temperature requirements of the cutter head, avoid over-cooling or under-cooling, and improve the cooling effect.

[0019] 3. This application, by setting up a circulation processing component, can recover and reuse the cooling water sprayed by the cooling nozzles; after use, the cooling water returns to the water tank through the recovery tank and the conveying pipeline, and is recycled again after filtration and cooling treatment. This closed-loop circulation system not only improves the utilization rate of cooling water and reduces water waste, but also reduces the operating cost of the system; at the same time, through the intelligent adjustment of the temperature sensing opening and closing unit, the water pump and solenoid valve can automatically open and close according to the actual temperature requirements, further saving resources. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the shield machine cutterhead water cooling system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the temperature sensing on / off unit provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0022] In all the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals are used to denote the same elements or structures, wherein:

[0023] 1. Water tank; 2. Water pump; 31. First cooling water pipeline; 32. Second cooling water pipeline; 4. Temperature sensing opening and closing unit; 41. Temperature sensing module; 42. Signal transmission module; 5. Internal cooling assembly; 51. Internal cooling channel; 6. External cooling assembly; 61. Cooling nozzle; 62. Solenoid valve; 7. Circulation processing assembly; 71. Recovery tank; 72. Conveying pipeline; 8. Radiator; 9. Tunnel boring machine cutterhead. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0025] Reference Figures 1-2 This application discloses a water-cooling system for a tunnel boring machine (TBM) cutterhead. Through a dual cooling method using an internal cooling channel 51 and external cooling nozzles 61, it effectively reduces the temperature of the TBM cutterhead 9 and cutters, thereby improving the TBM's lifespan and tunneling efficiency. It includes a water tank 1, a water pump 2, a first cooling water pipe 31, a second cooling water pipe 32, a temperature sensing on / off unit 4, internal cooling components 5, external cooling components 6, a circulation processing component 7, and a radiator 8. The water tank 1, filled with cooling water, is installed in the rear trolley or equipment compartment of the TBM for easy maintenance and management. It is made of stainless steel, providing excellent corrosion resistance and durability. A filter screen is fixedly connected to the outlet of the water tank 1 to prevent impurities from entering the first cooling water pipe 31 and the second cooling water pipe 32 and causing blockages, ensuring the normal operation of the cooling system. The water pump 2 delivers cooling water from the water tank 1 to the cooling system, providing a continuous flow of cooling water. In this embodiment, the shield machine cutterhead 9 is mounted on the shield machine body and rotated by the shield machine body. The shield machine cutterhead 9 is not interfered with by other components when it rotates.

[0026] Specifically, the internal cooling assembly 5 includes an internal cooling channel 51 located inside the tunnel boring machine cutterhead 9. The tunnel boring machine body drives the cutterhead 9 to rotate around its axis. When the cutterhead 9 rotates, the internal cooling channel 51 does not move with it, thus preventing interference with the rotation of the cutterhead 9. Specifically, a mounting hole is provided on the side of the cutterhead 9 closest to the machine body, at its axial position. A fixing bracket passes through this hole and connects to the internal cooling channel 51, fixing the internal cooling channel 51 to the machine body. The fixing bracket does not contact the cutterhead 9 when passing through the mounting hole, therefore, the fixing bracket does not interfere with the rotation of the cutterhead 9. The water tank 1, water pump 2, and internal cooling channel 51 are connected by a first cooling water pipe 31 and a second cooling water pipe. Pipes 32 are connected in series to form a circulating water cooling channel. More specifically, the inlet and outlet of the internal cooling channel 51 are both located at the axial position. The inlet of the internal cooling channel 51 is connected to the outlet of the water tank 1 through the first cooling water pipe 31, and the outlet of the internal cooling channel 51 is connected to the inlet of the water tank 1 through the second cooling water pipe 32 to form a circulating water cooling channel. Both the first cooling water pipe 31 and the second cooling water pipe 32 pass through the mounting hole and can be stably connected to the internal cooling channel 51 without interfering with the shield machine cutterhead 9. The water pump 2 is fixedly installed on the first cooling water pipe 31 and located outside the shield machine cutterhead 9. It can be fixedly connected to the water tank 1 by bolts. Both the first cooling water pipe 31 and the second cooling water pipe 32 are made of high-pressure resistant rubber pipes or metal corrugated pipes with heat insulation layers.

[0027] During the water supply phase, after the water pump 2 is started, the cooling water in the water tank 1 enters the first cooling water pipe 31 under pressure, and then enters the internal cooling channel 51. The cooling water flowing in the internal cooling channel 51 can evenly absorb the heat of the cutterhead. In this embodiment, the internal cooling channel 51 has a ring structure and is coaxially arranged with the cutterhead 9 of the tunnel boring machine. The internal cooling channel 51 is a ring channel that spirally extends from the center axis of the cutterhead 9 of the tunnel boring machine, and can cover more than 80% of the cutterhead area. The cross-section of the internal cooling channel 51 is semi-circular, with a diameter of 30mm-50mm. In another feasible embodiment, the internal cooling channel 51 has a mesh structure, and the first cooling water pipe 31 injects cooling water from the bottom to the top of the internal cooling channel 51.

[0028] To achieve timely cooling of the tunnel boring machine cutterhead 9, a temperature sensing on / off unit 4 is installed on the cutterhead 9 to drive the water pump 2 to open and close. The temperature sensing on / off unit 4 includes a temperature sensing module 41 and a signal transmitting module 42, both fixedly connected to the cutterhead 9. Multiple temperature sensing modules 41 are embedded PT100 thermocouples, evenly arranged around one side of the cutterhead 9. The cutterhead 9 has a useful opening... In the annular groove where the temperature sensing module 41 is installed, multiple temperature sensing modules 41 monitor the temperature of the shield machine cutterhead 9 in real time. The temperature sensing module 41 is connected to the signal transmission module 42 and transmits signals through the signal transmission module 42. In this embodiment, the water pump 2 is a high-pressure centrifugal pump and is equipped with a first signal receiving module for receiving signals emitted by the signal transmission module 42. The water pump 2 can adjust its speed according to the signal to achieve dynamic flow control. The water inlet is connected to the water tank 1 through a hose, and the water outlet is connected to the first cooling water pipeline 31.

[0029] To further improve the cooling effect of the tunnel boring machine cutterhead 9, this application's water cooling system includes an external cooling component 6, which is fixedly installed on the tunnel boring machine body. The external cooling component 6 includes a cooling nozzle 61 and a solenoid valve 62. The cooling nozzle 61 is connected to the first cooling water pipe 31 and is installed on the tunnel boring machine body facing the cutterhead 9. By directly spraying cooling water onto the cutterhead, it reduces localized high temperatures. The body of the cooling nozzle 61 is made of high-pressure resistant and wear-resistant hard alloy, with an internal tapered converging flow channel to accelerate water flow and reduce turbulence. The sealing interface uses a quick-release threaded joint. For easy replacement, a multi-hole nozzle structure is adopted; the solenoid valve 62 is fixedly installed between the cooling nozzle 61 and the first cooling water pipe 31 and has a second signal receiving module inside for receiving signals from the signal transmitting module 42. The signal transmitting module 42 sends a command to control the opening and closing of the solenoid valve 62, thereby adjusting the flow rate and spraying time of the cooling water. When the temperature sensor on the cutter head detects that the temperature in a local area is too high, the signal transmitting module 42 sends a signal to the second signal receiving module, causing the solenoid valve 62 to open, increasing the cooling water flow rate of the cooling nozzle 61 in that area, and achieving precise cooling.

[0030] The temperature sensing start / stop unit 4 also includes a PLC control system commonly used in the art. The PLC control system controls the signal transmitting module 42 to transmit signals to the first signal receiving module individually or simultaneously to both the first and second signal receiving modules. When the temperature of the tunnel boring machine cutterhead 9 is below 60°C, it enters energy-saving mode, and the signal transmitting module 42 only transmits signals to the first signal receiving module, resulting in a lower flow rate of the water pump 2. When the temperature of the tunnel boring machine cutterhead 9 is between 60°C and 80°C, the signal transmitting module 42 only transmits signals to the first signal receiving module, increasing the flow rate of the water pump 2. When the temperature of the tunnel boring machine cutterhead 9 is above 80°C, the flow rate of the water pump 2 is increased, and the spray system is activated. The specific start / stop control is conventional technology in the art and will not be elaborated here. This application focuses on the design of the overall structure of the water cooling system; the specific control can be designed and adjusted according to actual needs.

[0031] Furthermore, the water cooling system of this application, by incorporating a circulation treatment component 7, can recover and reuse the cooling water sprayed by the cooling nozzles 61, thereby improving water resource utilization and reducing system operating costs. The circulation treatment component 7 is fixedly installed on the tunnel boring machine (TBM) body. Specifically, the circulation treatment component 7 includes a recovery tank 71 and a conveying pipe 72. The recovery tank 71 is located at the bottom of the TBM cutterhead 9, and its top is open to directly collect the cooling water flowing down from the cutterhead. The recovery tank 71 is connected to the water tank 1 via the conveying pipe 72, which is equipped with a pump to transport the cooling water and wastewater within the recovery tank 71. Furthermore, a multi-stage wastewater treatment unit is installed in the middle of the conveying pipe 72 to filter, purify, and disinfect the recovered wastewater. The treated water can then flow back into the water tank 1 and be reused in the cooling system, achieving water resource recycling. The multi-stage wastewater treatment unit includes a coarse filter, a fine filter, and an activated carbon filter layer. The coarse filter is used to remove larger impurities, such as silt and gravel; the fine filter is used to remove smaller particles; and the activated carbon filter layer is used to remove odors and harmful substances from the water.

[0032] Furthermore, in the water cooling system of this application, the radiator 8 is fixedly installed in the second cooling water pipeline 32. The cooling water flows back to the radiator 8 for cooling and then circulates back to the water tank 1. The radiator 8 adopts a dual-circulation staged heat dissipation design to accelerate the cooling water cooling and improve water resource utilization. Specifically, the internal circulation usually uses liquid cooling, and the coolant is driven by the high-efficiency water pump 2 to circulate internally and quickly absorb the heat generated by the equipment. The external circulation uses external cooling equipment (such as fans, air conditioners or auxiliary radiators) to further reduce the temperature of the coolant and enhance the heat dissipation effect.

[0033] It should be understood that expressions such as "comprising" and "may include" as used in this application indicate the existence of the disclosed functions, operations, or constituent elements, and do not limit one or more additional functions, operations, and constituent elements. In this application, terms such as "comprising" and / or "having" may be interpreted as indicating a specific characteristic, number, operation, constituent element, component, or combination thereof, but should not be interpreted as excluding the existence or possibility of adding one or more other characteristics, numbers, operations, constituent elements, components, or combinations thereof.

[0034] It should be understood that the terms “center,” “upper,” “lower,” “front,” “rear,” “left,” “right,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “inner,” “outer,” “clockwise,” “counterclockwise,” “axial,” “radial,” and “circumferential” indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0035] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0036] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0037] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A water cooling system for a cutter head of a tunneling machine, characterized in that, It includes a water tank (1), an internal cooling assembly (5), an external cooling assembly (6), and a temperature sensing on / off unit (4); The internal cooling assembly (5) includes an internal cooling channel (51), which is located inside the cutterhead (9) of the tunnel boring machine. The inlet of the internal cooling channel (51) is connected to the outlet of the water tank (1) through a first cooling water pipe (31), and the outlet of the internal cooling channel (51) is connected to the inlet of the water tank (1) through a second cooling water pipe (32) to form a circulating water cooling channel. A water pump (2) is installed in the first cooling water pipe (31). The external cooling assembly (6) includes a cooling nozzle (61) which is connected to the first cooling water pipe (31) to spray and cool the shield machine cutterhead (9). The temperature sensing start-up and shut-down unit (4) is installed on the cutterhead (9) of the tunnel boring machine to drive the water pump (2) to start and stop.

2. The water cooling system for a cutter head of a tunneling machine according to claim 1, wherein, The internal cooling channel (51) has a ring structure and is coaxially arranged with the cutterhead (9) of the tunnel boring machine. The water inlet and outlet of the internal cooling channel (51) are both located at the axial center.

3. The water cooling system of the tunneling machine cutter head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The internal cooling channel (51) has a mesh structure, and the first cooling water pipe (31) injects cooling water from the bottom to the top of the internal cooling channel (51).

4. The shield machine cutterhead water cooling system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature sensing start / stop unit (4) includes a temperature sensing module (41) and a signal transmitting module (42). The temperature sensing module (41) and the signal transmitting module (42) are both fixedly connected to the cutterhead (9) of the tunnel boring machine. The temperature sensing module (41) is connected to the signal transmitting module (42) and transmits signals through the signal transmitting module (42).

5. The water cooling system of the tunneling machine disc cutter according to claim 4, characterized in that, Multiple temperature sensing modules (41) are provided, and the multiple temperature sensing modules (41) are evenly distributed on the cutterhead (9) of the tunnel boring machine.

6. The water cooling system of the tunneling machine disc cutter according to claim 4, characterized in that, The water pump (2) is a high-pressure centrifugal pump and is equipped with a first signal receiving module for receiving signals emitted by the signal transmitting module (42).

7. The water cooling system of the tunneling machine disc cutter according to claim 4, characterized in that, The external cooling assembly (6) also includes a solenoid valve (62), which is located between the cooling nozzle (61) and the first cooling water pipe (31) and has a second signal receiving module inside for receiving signals emitted by the signal transmitting module (42).

8. The water cooling system of the tunneling machine disc cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water cooling system also includes a circulation treatment component (7) for recovering and reusing the cooling water sprayed by the cooling nozzles (61).

9. The water cooling system of the tunneling machine disc cutter according to claim 8, characterized in that, The recycling processing component (7) includes a recycling tank (71) and a conveying pipe (72). The recycling tank (71) is located at the bottom of the shield machine cutterhead (9) and is connected to the water tank (1) through the conveying pipe (72).

10. The water cooling system of the tunneling machine disc cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water cooling system also includes a radiator (8), which is fixedly installed in the second cooling water pipeline (32).

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