Steel-concrete foundation pile foundation hydraulic support

Abstract

The utility model relates to a steel-concrete foundation pile foundation hydraulic support. The reinforced concrete foundation pile foundation hydraulic support comprises a top beam, a bottom beam, two hydraulic stand columns and at least three pile foundations. The pile foundations are vertically inserted into the bottom of the roadway at equal intervals in the roadway width direction. The bottom surface of the bottom beam abuts against the top surface of the pile foundation; the two hydraulic columns are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the bottom beam, and the bottom ends abut against the top surface of the bottom beam; the top ends of the hydraulic columns are hinged to the end of the top beam. The top beam is integrally formed. The pile foundation divides the bottom of the roadway into a plurality of areas so as to disperse energy brought by rock burst. Due to energy dispersion, although floor heaving occurs in each area, the deformation amount of the floor heaving can be controlled. Therefore, a stand column located in the center of the roadway is omitted, the passing efficiency of the roadway is improved, the basic flatness of the bottom beam is guaranteed, conveying equipment such as a belt and a track can be arranged, and the conveying efficiency of the roadway is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel support, and in particular to a hydraulic support for reinforced concrete foundation piles. Background Technology

[0002] Portal-type energy-absorbing and anti-rockburst hydraulic supports represent a new research direction in the field of tunnel support technology, developed to address rockbursts. Traditional portal-type hydraulic supports, such as the utility model patent CN207879357U (a rectangular tunnel anti-rockburst energy-absorbing hydraulic support), include a top beam, a bottom beam, and several hydraulic columns; the hydraulic columns include column A, column B, and column C; the top beam includes top beam A, top beam B, and a top beam steel hinge, with top beam A and top beam B connected by the top beam steel hinge; the bottom beam includes bottom beam A, bottom beam B, bottom beam C, bottom beam steel hinge A, and bottom beam steel hinge B... Beam A and bottom beam B are connected by bottom beam steel hinge A, and bottom beam B and bottom beam C are connected by bottom beam steel hinge B. Supports A and B are hinged at their top ends to top beam A, support C is hinged at its top end to top beam B, and support A is fixedly connected to bottom beam A at its bottom end. Support B is hinged to bottom beam B at its bottom end, and support C is fixedly connected to bottom beam C at its bottom end. When rock bursts occur, the top beams, bottom beams, and hydraulic supports work together to effectively control the deformation of the roadway floor and improve the roadway's support effect. However, this rectangular roadway anti-rock burst energy-absorbing hydraulic support has the following disadvantages: 1) Support B occupies the center of the roadway, affecting roadway passage; 2) Bottom beams A, B, and C cannot be kept horizontal, preventing the installation of conventional tracks and conveyor belts, thus affecting roadway transportation. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to solve the above-mentioned problems and provide a hydraulic support for reinforced concrete foundation piles.

[0004] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows: A hydraulic support for reinforced concrete foundation piles includes a top beam, a bottom beam, two hydraulic columns, and at least three piles; the piles are vertically inserted at equal intervals along the width of the roadway, dividing the roadway bottom into multiple areas; when a rockburst occurs, the energy brought by the rockburst is dispersed among multiple areas, causing each area to undergo independent bottom heave deformation; and the amount of bottom heave deformation in each area is much smaller than the amount of bottom heave deformation when the areas are not separated; the bottom beam can convert the bottom heave deformation of each area into the overall lifting of the bottom beam; the lifting amount of the bottom beam is very small; the bottom beam is integrally formed, and the bottom surface is flush with the top surface of the piles. The hydraulic support structure consists of two symmetrically positioned hydraulic columns at both ends of the bottom beam, with their bottom ends abutting against the top surface of the bottom beam. The top of the hydraulic columns is hinged to the end of the top beam. The top beam is integrally formed. The force exerted on the top beam by the tunnel ceiling is evenly transmitted to the hydraulic columns. The hydraulic columns are subjected to downward pressure from the top beam and upward pressure from the bottom beam, which cancel each other out. The hydraulic columns themselves also have a yielding energy absorption effect. In this way, the hydraulic support for the reinforced concrete foundation pile foundation can eliminate the need for columns located in the center of the tunnel, improving the tunnel's passage efficiency and ensuring the basic flatness of the bottom beam. It also allows for the installation of conveyor equipment such as belts and tracks, ensuring the tunnel's conveying efficiency.

[0005] Preferably, the bottom beam is a reinforced concrete structure, possessing strong compressive strength and capable of withstanding significant vertical loads, horizontal forces, and horizontal moments. This reinforced concrete structure also exhibits high seismic resistance, resisting impacts from earthquakes, explosions, and other natural phenomena. Furthermore, the tunnel floor slab also utilizes a reinforced concrete structure; the simultaneous casting of the floor slab and bottom beam enhances the ability to suppress tunnel floor heave and facilitates construction. Construction materials can be sourced locally, utilizing readily available materials such as sand, gravel, and slag within the tunnel, resulting in low maintenance costs.

[0006] Furthermore, the reinforced concrete structure includes concrete and a reinforcing cage; the reinforcing cage includes upper and lower layers of horizontal bars and stirrups evenly distributed along the length of the horizontal bars; the horizontal bars are cylindrical; the upper and lower layers of horizontal bars enclose a cuboid region; the stirrups are annular and attached to the outer surface of the horizontal bars. The reinforcing cage improves the tensile and torsional resistance of the reinforced concrete structure.

[0007] Furthermore, the length of the bottom beam is comparable to the width of the tunnel, allowing the protection range of the hydraulic support for the reinforced concrete foundation piles to cover the entire tunnel cross-section.

[0008] Preferably, the hydraulic support column includes a low-pressure cylinder, a high-pressure cylinder, and a hydraulic piston, which are sequentially assembled from bottom to top; the low-pressure cylinder contains a low-pressure emulsion; the high-pressure cylinder contains a high-pressure emulsion; the top of the hydraulic piston is hinged to the end of the top beam; in this way, the hydraulic support column can provide greater impact resistance.

[0009] Furthermore, the hydraulic column also includes an anti-impact energy-absorbing component; the top of this anti-impact energy-absorbing component abuts against the bottom of the low-pressure cylinder and the bottom abuts against the top surface of the bottom beam, which can make way for the axial force of the hydraulic column and absorb energy, thereby improving the impact resistance of the hydraulic column.

[0010] Furthermore, the hydraulic column also includes an energy-absorbing sleeve; the energy-absorbing sleeve is fitted outside the anti-impact energy-absorbing component, with its top end vertically slidingly connected to the bottom end of the low-pressure cylinder and its bottom end abutting against the bottom beam; the energy-absorbing sleeve protects the anti-impact energy-absorbing component to prevent it from absorbing energy.

[0011] Furthermore, the energy-absorbing sleeve is cup-shaped. The top of the energy-absorbing sleeve slides into the lower end of the low-pressure cylinder, allowing it to absorb energy through sliding friction when ground pressure impacts. The bottom of the energy-absorbing sleeve abuts against the bottom beam. Based on its design principle, the bottom area of ​​the anti-impact energy-absorbing component is much smaller than that of the cup-shaped body. If the anti-impact energy-absorbing component were directly connected to the bottom beam, it might not be able to fully deform and absorb energy when impacted by ground pressure. Therefore, the anti-impact energy-absorbing component is located inside the cup-shaped body. When impacted by ground pressure, the bottom of the cup-shaped body pushes the anti-impact energy-absorbing component upwards, causing it to fully deform and effectively absorb energy.

[0012] Preferably, the top beam is arched to accommodate the support of arched tunnels.

[0013] Preferably, the top beam is rectangular to accommodate rectangular roadway support.

[0014] Preferably, there are four piles.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The hydraulic support for reinforced concrete foundation piles of this utility model has the following advantages:

[0016] (1) The pile foundation of this utility model divides the bottom of the roadway into multiple areas to disperse the energy brought by the impact pressure. Because of the dispersion of energy, although the bottom heave will occur in each area, the deformation of the bottom heave can be controlled. In this way, this utility model eliminates the setting of the column located in the center of the roadway, improves the passage efficiency of the roadway, and also ensures the basic flatness of the bottom beam. It can be equipped with conveyor equipment such as belts and tracks to ensure the conveying efficiency of the roadway;

[0017] (2) The bottom beam of this utility model is a reinforced concrete structure, which has strong compressive strength and can withstand large vertical loads, horizontal forces and horizontal moments; the reinforced concrete structure also has high seismic resistance and can resist impacts such as earthquakes and explosions. On the other hand, the roadway floor slab also uses a reinforced concrete structure; the roadway floor slab and the bottom beam are cast and formed at the same time, which improves the ability to suppress roadway floor heave and facilitates construction. Construction materials can be sourced locally, using sand, gravel, slag and other materials that are readily available inside the roadway, resulting in low maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a front view of the hydraulic support for steel-concrete foundation piles of this utility model in Embodiment 1;

[0019] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 AA section view;

[0020] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 BB cross-sectional view;

[0021] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A magnified view of the I-shaped image;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the hydraulic support for steel-concrete foundation piles of this utility model in Embodiment 1;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the hydraulic support for the steel-concrete foundation piles of this utility model in Embodiment 2;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a vertical sectional view of the hydraulic support for the steel-concrete foundation pile of this utility model in Embodiment 2;

[0025] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 II magnified view;

[0026] Figure 9 It is a 3D diagram of the body armor;

[0027] Figure 10 It is a three-dimensional diagram of button body B;

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Top beam, 2. Bottom beam, 21. Concrete, 221. Horizontal reinforcement, 222. Stirrup, 31. Low-pressure cylinder body, 311. Sliding groove, 32. High-pressure cylinder body, 33. Hydraulic piston, 34. Low-pressure emulsion, 35. High-pressure emulsion, 36. Anti-impact energy-absorbing component, 37. Energy-absorbing sleeve, 3711. Buckle body A, 37111. Semicircular ring A, 37112. Semi-pipe A, 37113. Buckle tooth, 3712. Buckle body B, 37121. Semicircular ring B, 37122. Semi-pipe B, 37123. Buckle groove, 372. Cup body, 4. Pile foundation. Detailed Implementation

[0029] Example 1: See Figure 1-5A hydraulic support for reinforced concrete foundation piles includes a top beam 1, a bottom beam 2, two hydraulic columns, and at least three piles 4. The piles 4 are vertically inserted at equal intervals along the width of the roadway, dividing the roadway bottom into multiple zones. When a rockburst occurs, the energy from the rockburst is dispersed across these zones, causing each zone to undergo independent heave deformation. Furthermore, the heave deformation in each zone is significantly smaller than the heave deformation without zone separation. The bottom beam 2 converts the heave deformation of each zone into an overall lifting of the bottom beam 2. The lifting amount of the bottom beam 2 is very small. The bottom beam 2 is integrally formed, with its bottom surface abutting against the top surface of the piles 4. The two hydraulic columns... The hydraulic columns are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the bottom beam 2, with their bottom ends abutting against the top surface of the bottom beam 2; the top of the hydraulic column is hinged to the end of the top beam 1; the top beam 1 is integrally formed; the top beam 1 is subjected to the force applied from the top of the roadway, which is evenly transmitted to the hydraulic columns; the hydraulic columns are subjected to the downward pressure of the top beam 1 and the lifting of the bottom beam 2, which can cancel each other out; the hydraulic columns themselves also have the effect of yielding and absorbing energy; in this way, the hydraulic support for the steel-concrete foundation pile foundation can eliminate the need for the column located in the center of the roadway, improve the passage efficiency of the roadway, and also ensure the basic flatness of the bottom beam 2, so that conveyor equipment such as belts and tracks can be installed to ensure the conveying efficiency of the roadway.

[0030] Compared with existing technologies, this invention uses at least three pile foundations 4 to divide the bottom of the tunnel into multiple areas to disperse the energy from the rockburst. Because of this energy dispersion, although floor heave will occur in each area, the deformation of the heave can be controlled. Thus, this invention eliminates the need for a central pillar in the tunnel, improving tunnel passage efficiency and ensuring the basic flatness of the bottom beam 2. It also allows for the installation of conveyor belts, tracks, and other transport equipment, ensuring efficient transport within the tunnel.

[0031] Bottom beam 2 is a reinforced concrete 21 structure, possessing strong compressive strength and capable of withstanding large vertical loads, horizontal forces, and horizontal moments. This reinforced concrete 21 structure also exhibits high seismic resistance, resisting impacts such as earthquakes and explosions. Furthermore, the tunnel floor slab also utilizes a reinforced concrete 21 structure; the tunnel floor slab and bottom beam 2 are cast simultaneously, enhancing the ability to suppress tunnel floor heave and facilitating construction. Construction materials can be sourced locally, utilizing readily available sand, gravel, and slag within the tunnel, resulting in low maintenance costs.

[0032] The reinforced concrete structure 21 includes concrete 21 and a reinforcing cage; the reinforcing cage includes upper and lower layers of horizontal reinforcing bars 221 and stirrups 222 evenly distributed along the length of the horizontal reinforcing bars 221; the horizontal reinforcing bars 221 are cylindrical; the upper and lower layers of horizontal reinforcing bars 221 enclose a cuboid region; the stirrups 222 are annular and attached to the outer surface of the horizontal reinforcing bars 221. The reinforcing cage improves the tensile and torsional resistance of the reinforced concrete structure 21.

[0033] Concrete 21 uses C60 grade; horizontal reinforcement 221 is a steel bar with a diameter of 16mm and a length of 4800mm; there are two layers of horizontal reinforcement 221, with 6 in each layer; the stirrups are rectangular steel rings with a diameter of 8mm; adjacent stirrups 222 are 150mm apart; pile foundation 4 has a diameter of 150mm and a length of 2000mm.

[0034] The length of the bottom beam 2 is comparable to the width of the tunnel, so that the protection range of the hydraulic support for the reinforced concrete foundation pile foundation covers the entire tunnel cross section.

[0035] The hydraulic column includes a low-pressure cylinder 31, a high-pressure cylinder 32, and a hydraulic piston 33, which are assembled sequentially from bottom to top. The low-pressure cylinder 31 contains a low-pressure emulsion 34, and the high-pressure cylinder 32 contains a high-pressure emulsion 35. The top of the hydraulic piston 33 is hinged to the end of the top beam 1. In this way, the hydraulic column can provide greater impact support.

[0036] The hydraulic column also includes an anti-impact energy-absorbing component 36; the top of the anti-impact energy-absorbing component 36 abuts against the bottom of the low-pressure cylinder 31, and the bottom abuts against the top surface of the bottom beam 2, which can make way for the axial force of the hydraulic column and absorb energy, thereby improving the impact resistance of the hydraulic column.

[0037] The hydraulic column also includes an energy-absorbing sleeve 37; the energy-absorbing sleeve 37 is fitted outside the anti-impact energy-absorbing component 36, with its top end vertically slidingly connected to the bottom end of the low-pressure cylinder 31, and its bottom end abutting against the bottom beam 2; the energy-absorbing sleeve 37 protects the anti-impact energy-absorbing component 36 to prevent it from absorbing energy.

[0038] The energy-absorbing sleeve 37 is cup-shaped. The top of the energy-absorbing sleeve 37 slides with the lower end of the low-pressure cylinder 31, allowing it to absorb energy through sliding friction when ground pressure impacts. The bottom of the energy-absorbing sleeve 37 abuts against the bottom beam 2. Based on its design principle, the bottom area of ​​the anti-impact energy-absorbing component 36 is much smaller than that of the cup-shaped body. If the anti-impact energy-absorbing component 36 is directly connected to the bottom beam 2, it may not be able to fully deform and achieve the effect of absorbing energy when ground pressure impacts. Therefore, the anti-impact energy-absorbing component 36 is set inside the cup-shaped body. When ground pressure impacts, the bottom of the cup-shaped body pushes the anti-impact energy-absorbing component 36 upward, causing it to fully deform and effectively absorb energy.

[0039] The top beam 1 is arched to accommodate the support of arched roadways.

[0040] There are four pile foundations.

[0041] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: The pile foundation 4 divides the bottom of the roadway into multiple areas; when the rockburst occurs, the energy brought by the rockburst is dispersed by multiple areas, causing each area to undergo bottom heave deformation independently; and the amount of bottom heave deformation in each area is much smaller than the amount of bottom heave deformation when the areas are not separated; the bottom beam 2 can convert the bottom heave deformation of each area into the overall lifting of the bottom beam 2; the lifting amount of the bottom beam 2 is very small; the top beam 1 is subjected to the force applied by the top of the roadway and is evenly transmitted to the hydraulic column; the hydraulic column is subjected to the downward pressure of the top beam 1 and the lifting of the bottom beam 2, which can cancel each other out; the hydraulic column itself also has the effect of yielding and absorbing energy; in this way, the hydraulic support of the reinforced concrete foundation pile foundation can eliminate the setting of the column located in the center of the roadway, improve the passage efficiency of the roadway, and also ensure the basic flatness of the bottom beam 2, so that conveying equipment such as belts and tracks can be set up to ensure the conveying efficiency of the roadway. The bottom beam 2 is a reinforced concrete 21 structure, possessing strong compressive strength and capable of withstanding significant vertical loads, horizontal forces, and horizontal moments. This reinforced concrete 21 structure also exhibits high seismic resistance, resisting impacts from earthquakes and explosions. Furthermore, the tunnel floor slab also utilizes a reinforced concrete 21 structure; the tunnel floor slab and bottom beam 2 are cast simultaneously, enhancing the ability to suppress tunnel floor heave and facilitating construction. Construction materials can be sourced locally, utilizing readily available sand, gravel, and slag within the tunnel, resulting in low maintenance costs. The hydraulic props provide substantial impact resistance. The impact-absorbing energy-dissipating component 36 can absorb axial forces on the hydraulic props, improving their impact resistance.

[0042] Example 2: See Figure 6-10 Example 2 is basically the same as Example 1, and the similarities will not be repeated. The difference is that the top beam 1 is rectangular to adapt to the support of rectangular roadways.

[0043] The energy-absorbing sleeve 37 includes a snap-fit ​​body and a cup body 372, forming a basic detachable structure for easy on-site assembly; the lower side wall of the low-pressure cylinder 31 slides against the inner wall of the cup body 372; the bottom end of the cup body 372 abuts against the bottom beam 2; the anti-impact energy-absorbing component 36 is disposed inside the cup body 372; under the impact of the impact pressure, the low-pressure cylinder 31 and the energy-absorbing sleeve 37 slide relative to each other, and the anti-impact energy-absorbing component 36 is compressed, achieving displacement and energy absorption. Yes; the lower end of the low-pressure cylinder body 31 has an annular sliding groove 311 on its side; the buckle body includes assembled buckle body A 3711 and buckle body B 3712; buckle body A 3711 includes an integral semi-circular ring A 37111 and a semi-tube A 37112; buckle body B 3712 includes an integral semi-circular ring B 37121 and a semi-tube B 37122; the semi-circular ring A 37111 and the semi-circular ring B 37121 are assembled into a complete ring and fastened to the cup body 37. 2. Upper end face; Half-tube A 37112 and half-tube B 37122 are joined together to form a complete circular tube, which is inserted into the cup body 372 and slides in conjunction with the sliding groove 311; the splicing side of buckle body A 3711 extends outward to form a buckle tooth 37113; the splicing side of buckle body B 3712 is provided with a buckle groove 37123 that matches the buckle tooth 37113; the buckling structure of buckle tooth 37113 and buckle groove 37123 achieves the basic horizontality of the buckle body. The structure is detachable. When assembling the energy-absorbing sleeve 37, the anti-impact energy-absorbing component 36 can be placed inside the cup body 372 first, and then the lower end of the low-pressure cylinder can be inserted into the cup body 372. Then, at the exposed sliding groove 311 position, the buckle body A 3711 and buckle body B 3712 are fastened together to form a buckle body. Then, the buckle body is moved down, and half tube A 37112 and half tube B 37122 are inserted into the cup body 372 to realize the assembly and connection of the energy-absorbing sleeve 37.

[0044] The buckle tooth 37113 is a square block shape to facilitate manufacturing and processing.

[0045] The buckle tooth 37113 is set on the semi-circular ring A 37111; the buckle groove 37123 is set on the semi-circular ring B 37121; this facilitates the disassembly of the buckle body.

Claims

1. A hydraulic support for reinforced concrete foundation piles, characterized in that, It includes a top beam, a bottom beam, two hydraulic columns, and at least three pile foundations; the pile foundations are vertically inserted into the bottom of the roadway at equal intervals along the width of the roadway; the bottom beam is integrally formed, with its bottom surface abutting against the top surface of the pile foundations; the two hydraulic columns are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the bottom beam, with their bottom ends abutting against the top surface of the bottom beam; the top of the hydraulic columns is hinged to the end of the top beam; the top beam is integrally formed.

2. The steel-concrete foundation pile hydraulic support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom beam is a reinforced concrete structure.

3. The hydraulic support for a reinforced concrete foundation pile according to claim 2, characterized in that: The length of the bottom beam is roughly the same as the width of the tunnel.

4. The hydraulic support for a reinforced concrete foundation pile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic column consists of a low-pressure cylinder, a high-pressure cylinder, and a hydraulic piston, which are assembled sequentially from bottom to top. The low-pressure cylinder contains low-pressure emulsion, and the high-pressure cylinder contains high-pressure emulsion. The top of the hydraulic piston is hinged to the end of the top beam.

5. The hydraulic support for a reinforced concrete foundation pile according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hydraulic column also includes an anti-impact energy-absorbing component; the top of the anti-impact energy-absorbing component abuts against the bottom of the low-pressure cylinder, and the bottom abuts against the top surface of the bottom beam.

6. The steel-concrete foundation pile hydraulic support according to claim 5, characterized in that: The hydraulic column also includes an energy-absorbing sleeve; the energy-absorbing sleeve is fitted outside the anti-impact energy-absorbing component, with its top end vertically slidingly connected to the bottom end of the low-pressure cylinder and its bottom end abutting against the bottom beam.

7. The hydraulic support for a reinforced concrete foundation pile according to claim 6, characterized in that: The energy-absorbing sleeve is cup-shaped; the top of the energy-absorbing sleeve slides into the lower end of the low-pressure cylinder; the bottom of the energy-absorbing sleeve abuts against the bottom beam; and the anti-impact energy-absorbing component is located inside the cup-shaped body.

8. The hydraulic support for a reinforced concrete foundation pile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top beam is arched outwards.

9. The hydraulic support for a reinforced concrete foundation pile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top beam is rectangular.

10. The hydraulic support for a reinforced concrete foundation pile according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are four pile foundations.

Images