Icing detection system

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of electric power, and discloses an icing detection system, the icing detection system comprises an icing detection device and an icing detection circuit, the icing detection device is installed on the surface of a power transmission line, the icing detection device comprises a first detection electrode, a second detection electrode and an insulation substrate, the first detection electrode and the second detection electrode are arranged on the insulating substrate in parallel at an interval, the insulating substrate is arranged on the surface of the power transmission line, an area between the first detection electrode and the second detection electrode forms a target detection area, and a medium of the target detection area comprises air and / or an ice layer; the icing detection circuit comprises a signal acquisition module and a comparison module, the acquisition end of the signal acquisition module is electrically connected with the first detection electrode and the second detection electrode, and the output end of the signal acquisition module is connected with the input end of the comparison module, so that icing detection of the power transmission line is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of power technology, specifically to an icing detection system. Background Technology

[0002] Wind farms and photovoltaic power stations are mostly built in high-altitude, high-humidity or complex terrain areas (such as mountainous areas and coastal areas). Extreme weather such as low temperatures and freezing rain in winter can easily cause ice to accumulate on the surface of transmission lines. Ice accumulation increases the mechanical load on the lines, reduces insulation performance, and can cause accidents such as line breaks and tower collapses, threatening the safety of power transmission and the stability of the power grid.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an icing detection system to detect the icing status of transmission lines. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides an icing detection system to detect the icing status of power transmission lines.

[0005] This invention provides an icing detection system, comprising an icing detection device and an icing detection circuit. The icing detection device is installed on the surface of a power transmission line and includes a first detection electrode, a second detection electrode, and an insulating substrate. The first and second detection electrodes are arranged parallel to each other on the insulating substrate, which is disposed on the surface of the power transmission line. The area between the first and second detection electrodes constitutes a target detection area, and the medium of the target detection area includes air and / or ice. The icing detection circuit includes a signal acquisition module and a comparison module. The comparison module includes a reference voltage terminal and an input terminal, with a reference voltage signal input at the reference voltage terminal. The acquisition terminal of the signal acquisition module is electrically connected to the first and second detection electrodes, respectively, and the output terminal of the signal acquisition module is connected to the input terminal of the comparison module.

[0006] As an exemplary embodiment, the signal acquisition module includes a Wheatstone bridge, the acquisition terminals of which are connected to the first detection electrode and the second detection electrode, respectively, and the output terminal of the Wheatstone bridge is connected to the input terminal of the comparison module.

[0007] As an exemplary embodiment, the comparison module includes a single-channel voltage comparator, which includes a reference voltage terminal and an input terminal, wherein the reference voltage terminal receives the reference voltage signal.

[0008] As an exemplary embodiment, the comparison module includes a multi-channel voltage comparator, the input terminal of each voltage comparison branch of the multi-channel voltage comparator is connected to the output terminal of the signal acquisition module, and the reference voltage terminal of each voltage comparison branch is input with a reference voltage signal of different voltages.

[0009] As an exemplary embodiment, the icing detection circuit further includes an amplification module, the input terminal of which is connected to the output terminal of the signal acquisition module, and the output terminal of which is connected to the input terminal of the comparison module.

[0010] As an exemplary embodiment, the icing detection circuit further includes a filtering module connected between the input terminals of the amplification module and the comparison module.

[0011] As an exemplary embodiment, the icing detection system further includes a signal transmission module; the output terminal of the comparison module is connected to the signal transmission module.

[0012] As an exemplary embodiment, the icing detection device is fixed to the surface of the power transmission line by a buckle or strap.

[0013] As an exemplary embodiment, the icing detection device is attached to the surface of the power transmission line by a weather-resistant adhesive or mechanical clamp.

[0014] As an exemplary embodiment, the surface of the icing detection device is covered with an icing-repellent coating.

[0015] This utility model provides an icing detection system, which includes an icing detection device and an icing detection circuit. The icing detection device is installed on the surface of a power transmission line and includes a first detection electrode, a second detection electrode, and an insulating substrate. The first and second detection electrodes are arranged parallel to each other on the surface of the power transmission line through the insulating substrate at a preset interval. The area between the first and second detection electrodes constitutes a target detection area, and the medium of the target detection area includes air and / or ice. Through the above connection method, a signal acquisition module is electrically connected to the first and second detection electrodes through an acquisition terminal to acquire the detection signals of the first and second detection electrodes. The signal acquisition module is connected to the input of the comparison module via its output terminal, and outputs the detection signals acquired by the first and second detection electrodes to the comparison module. The comparison module compares the detection signal with the reference voltage input at the reference terminal and the detection signal received at the input terminal, and outputs a comparison signal. If the medium between the first and second detection electrodes changes, the detection signal acquired by the signal acquisition module changes, and the changed detection signal is transmitted to the comparison module. The comparison module compares the changed detection signal with the reference voltage and outputs a first comparison signal. If the medium between the first and second detection electrodes does not change, the comparison module outputs a second comparison signal to realize the icing detection of the transmission line. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a modular schematic diagram of an icing detection system according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of an icing detection device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a modular schematic diagram of an icing detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of a Wheatstone bridge according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of a Wheatstone bridge connected to a single-channel voltage comparator via an operational amplifier, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram of a Wheatstone bridge connected to an operational amplifier and a multiplexer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure label:

[0024] 100. Icing detection system; 200. Icing detection device; 210. First detection electrode; 220. Second detection electrode; 230. Insulating substrate; 240. Target detection area; 300. Icing detection circuit; 310. Signal acquisition module; 320. Comparison module; 400. Transmission line. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0026] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of this application. However, this application may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0027] Furthermore, it should be understood in the description of this application that the terms "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0028] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0029] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the "above" or "below" of the second feature can mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0030] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an icing detection system is provided; exemplarily, Figure 1 This is a modular schematic diagram of an icing detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of an icing detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a modular schematic diagram of an icing detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present utility model, as shown below. Figures 1 to 3As shown, the icing detection system 100 includes an icing detection device 200 and an icing detection circuit 300. The icing detection device 200 is installed on the surface of the power transmission line 400 and includes a first detection electrode 210, a second detection electrode 220, and an insulating substrate 230. The first detection electrode 210 and the second detection electrode 220 are arranged parallel to each other on the insulating substrate 230, which is disposed on the surface of the power transmission line 400. The area between the first detection electrode 210 and the second detection electrode 220 constitutes a target detection area 240, and the medium of the target detection area 240 includes air and / or ice. The icing detection circuit 300 includes a signal acquisition module 310 and a comparison module 320. The comparison module 320 includes a reference voltage terminal and an input terminal, and the reference voltage terminal receives a reference voltage signal. The acquisition terminal of the signal acquisition module 310 is electrically connected to the first detection electrode 210 and the second detection electrode 220, respectively, and the output terminal of the signal acquisition module 310 is connected to the input terminal of the comparison module 320.

[0031] In this embodiment, the icing detection device 200 includes a first detection electrode 210, a second detection electrode 220, and an insulating substrate 230. The first detection electrode 210 and the second detection electrode 220 are disposed parallel to each other on the insulating substrate 230, which is disposed on the surface of the power transmission line 400. The area between the first detection electrode 210 and the second detection electrode 220 constitutes a target detection area 240, and the medium of the target detection area 240 includes air and / or ice.

[0032] As a possible implementation, the insulating substrate 230 can be a ceramic substrate, a fiberglass substrate, or an epoxy resin substrate.

[0033] In one possible implementation, the first detection electrode 210 and the second detection electrode 220 are disposed in parallel on the insulating substrate 230, with a parallel spacing of 10mm to 100mm.

[0034] As a possible implementation, the first detection electrode 210 and the second detection electrode 220 are mounted on an icing-prone area of ​​the power transmission line 400, such as a suspension section near a tower, via an insulating substrate 230.

[0035] In one possible implementation, the openings of the first detection electrode 210 and the second detection electrode 220 are arranged to the side or downward to prevent the accumulation of foreign objects in the target detection area 240 formed by the first detection electrode 210 and the second detection electrode 220, thereby avoiding misjudgment due to the accumulation of foreign objects.

[0036] When the transmission line 400 is not covered with ice, the medium of the target detection area 240 is air. The resistance and capacitance between the first detection electrode 210 and the second detection electrode 220 mainly depend on the air medium of the target detection area 240. In this state, the impedance value between the first detection electrode 210 and the second detection electrode 220 is relatively high. When the transmission line 400 is covered with ice, the medium of the target detection area 240 is ice or a mixture of air and ice. The impedance between the first detection electrode 210 and the second detection electrode 220 is affected by the ice layer of the target detection area 240. The ice layer covers the electrodes, forming a parallel capacitance and resistance path. Since the dielectric constant of the ice layer is greater than that of the air layer, the overall impedance between the first detection electrode 210 and the second detection electrode 220 decreases significantly. Specifically, Equation (1) is the formula for the resistance value affected by resistivity, electrode spacing and cross-sectional area of ​​ice layer. See Equation (1):

[0037] R = ρL / A

[0038] In equation (1), ρ is the ice resistivity, R is the resistance value, L is the electrode spacing (i.e., parallel spacing), and A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the ice layer.

[0039] According to equation (1), although the conductivity of ice is weak, the resistance decreases as the cross-sectional area of ​​the ice layer increases.

[0040] Meanwhile, equation (2) is the formula for how the capacitance component is affected by the dielectric constant, the electrode spacing, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the ice layer. See equation (2):

[0041] C=εA / L

[0042] In equation (2), ε is the dielectric constant of the medium between the first detection electrode 210 and the second detection electrode 220; R is the resistance value; L is the electrode spacing (i.e., parallel spacing); and A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the ice layer.

[0043] Combined with equation (2), as the cross-sectional area of ​​the ice layer increases, the capacitance component increases.

[0044] Therefore, combining equations (1) and (2), the overall impedance between the first detection electrode 210 and the second detection electrode 220 shows a linear decreasing trend as the ice thickness increases. The correspondence between ice thickness and impedance can be determined in advance in the laboratory through calibration experiments.

[0045] Based on this, in this utility model, the acquisition terminal 311 of the signal acquisition module 310 is electrically connected to the first detection electrode 210 and the second detection electrode 220 respectively, and the output terminal 312 is connected to the input terminal of the comparison module 320. The comparison module 320 includes a reference voltage terminal and an input terminal, and the reference voltage terminal is input with a reference voltage signal.

[0046] Through the above connection method, the signal acquisition module 310 is electrically connected to the first detection electrode 210 and the second detection electrode 220 through the acquisition end, and acquires the detection signals of the first detection electrode 210 and the second detection electrode 220; the signal acquisition module 310 is connected to the input end of the comparison module 320 through the output end, and outputs the detection signals acquired from the first detection electrode 210 and the second detection electrode 220 to the comparison module 320; the comparison module 320 compares the detection signal with the reference voltage input to the reference end and the detection signal received at the input end, and outputs a comparison signal; if the medium between the first detection electrode 210 and the second detection electrode 220 changes, the detection signal acquired by the signal acquisition module 310 changes, and the changed detection signal is transmitted to the comparison module 320; the comparison module 320 compares the changed detection signal with the reference voltage and outputs a first comparison signal; if the medium between the first detection electrode 210 and the second detection electrode 220 remains unchanged, the comparison module 320 outputs a second comparison signal, so as to realize the icing detection of the transmission line 400.

[0047] For example, the comparison module 320 receives the changed detection signal transmitted by the signal acquisition module 310, and outputs a high-level signal based on the changed detection signal.

[0048] The present invention discloses an icing detection system 100, comprising an icing detection device 200 and an icing detection circuit 300. The icing detection device 200 is mounted on the surface of a power transmission line 400 and includes a first detection electrode 210, a second detection electrode 220, and an insulating substrate 230. The first detection electrode 210 and the second detection electrode 220 are arranged parallel to each other on the surface of the power transmission line 400 at a predetermined interval via the insulating substrate 230. The area between the first detection electrode 210 and the second detection electrode 220 constitutes a target detection area 240, and the medium of the target detection area 240 includes air and / or ice. Through the above connection method, a signal acquisition module 310 is electrically connected to the first detection electrode 210 and the second detection electrode 220 via an acquisition terminal to acquire data from the first detection electrode 210 and the second detection electrode 220. The detection signal of the first detection electrode 210 is connected to the input terminal of the comparison module 320 through the output terminal. The signal acquisition module 310 acquires the detection signals obtained from the first detection electrode 210 and the second detection electrode 220 and outputs them to the comparison module 320. The comparison module 320 compares the detection signal with the reference voltage input to the reference terminal and the detection signal received at the input terminal, and outputs a comparison signal. If the medium between the first detection electrode 210 and the second detection electrode 220 changes, the detection signal acquired by the signal acquisition module 310 changes, and the changed detection signal is transmitted to the comparison module 320. The comparison module 320 compares the changed detection signal with the reference voltage and outputs a first comparison signal. If the medium between the first detection electrode 210 and the second detection electrode 220 does not change, the comparison module 320 outputs a second comparison signal to realize the icing detection of the transmission line 400.

[0049] In one embodiment, the comparison module 320 receives the changed detection signal transmitted by the acquisition module, compares the changed detection signal with the reference voltage, and outputs a high-level signal.

[0050] For example, the reference voltage signal can be determined through calibration experiments.

[0051] For example, when the comparison module 320 outputs a high level, an alarm signal is triggered.

[0052] In one embodiment, the alarm signal can be triggered by a pre-set host computer; the host computer communicates with the comparison module 320 through the communication module and receives a low-level signal or a high-level signal transmitted by the comparison module 320; the alarm signal is triggered when the high-level signal transmitted by the comparison module 320 is received.

[0053] As an exemplary embodiment, the signal acquisition module 310 includes a Wheatstone bridge, the acquisition terminals of which are connected to the first detection electrode 210 and the second detection electrode 220 respectively, and the output terminal of the Wheatstone bridge is connected to the input terminal of the comparison module 320.

[0054] In this embodiment, a Wheatstone bridge is used to detect the impedance of the target detection region 240 between the first detection electrode 210 and the second detection electrode 220; specifically, Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of a Wheatstone bridge according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the acquisition terminals of the Wheatstone bridge are connected to the first detection electrode 210 and the second detection electrode 220, respectively. The electrode impedances of the first detection electrode 210 and the second detection electrode 220 serve as one arm of the bridge and are compared with the reference resistors R1, R2, and R3 of the Wheatstone bridge. When the Wheatstone bridge is unbalanced, a detection signal is output to the comparison module 320 through the output terminal of the Wheatstone bridge. The comparison module 320 receives the detection signal output from the output terminal of the Wheatstone bridge, compares the detection signal with the reference voltage signal, and outputs a comparison signal to realize the icing detection of the transmission line 400.

[0055] As an exemplary embodiment, the comparison module 320 includes a single-channel voltage comparator, which includes a reference voltage terminal and an input terminal, wherein the reference voltage terminal receives the reference voltage signal.

[0056] In this embodiment, the comparison module 320 includes a single-channel voltage comparator, which includes a reference voltage terminal and an input terminal. The reference voltage terminal receives a reference voltage signal. The signal acquisition module 310 is electrically connected to the first detection electrode 210 and the second detection electrode 220 via its acquisition terminal, acquiring the detection signals from the first detection electrode 210 and the second detection electrode 220. The signal acquisition module 310 is connected to the input terminal of the single-channel voltage comparator via its output terminal, outputting the acquired detection signals from the first detection electrode 210 and the second detection electrode 220 to the single-channel voltage comparator. The single-channel voltage comparator receives the reference voltage signal from the reference terminal. The detection signal received by the voltage and input terminal is compared with the reference voltage, and a comparison signal is output. If the medium between the first detection electrode 210 and the second detection electrode 220 changes, the detection signal acquired by the signal acquisition module 310 changes, and the changed detection signal is transmitted to the single-channel voltage comparator. The single-channel voltage comparator compares the changed detection signal with the reference voltage and outputs the first comparison signal to realize the icing detection of the transmission line 400. If the medium between the first detection electrode 210 and the second detection electrode 220 does not change, the single-channel voltage comparator outputs the second comparison signal to realize the icing detection of the transmission line 400.

[0057] In one embodiment, the detection signal at the output of the Wheatstone bridge can be pre-calibrated in a laboratory to be ice, with the ice layer thickness being the designed icing thickness of the transmission line 400. If the medium between the first detection electrode 210 and the second detection electrode 220 is ice, and the ice layer thickness is greater than the designed icing thickness of the transmission line 400, the signal acquisition module 310 acquires the first detection signal and transmits it to the single-channel voltage comparator. The single-channel voltage comparator compares the first detection signal with the reference voltage signal and outputs a first comparison signal. If the medium between the first detection electrode 210 and the second detection electrode 220 is ice, with the ice layer thickness less than the designed icing thickness of the transmission line 400, or if the medium is air, the signal acquisition module 310 acquires the second detection signal and transmits it to the single-channel voltage comparator. The single-channel voltage comparator compares the second detection signal with the reference voltage signal and outputs a second comparison signal, thereby achieving icing detection of the transmission line 400.

[0058] In one embodiment, the first comparison signal is a high-level signal.

[0059] In one embodiment, the detection signal at the output of the Wheatstone bridge can be used as the reference voltage signal of a single-channel voltage comparator when the medium of the target detection area 240 between the first detection electrode 210 and the second detection electrode 220 is pre-calibrated in a laboratory as an ice layer and the ice layer thickness is the designed ice thickness of the transmission line 400.

[0060] As a possible implementation, the single-channel voltage comparator could be either LM358 or LM393.

[0061] As an exemplary embodiment, the comparison module 320 includes a multi-channel voltage comparator, the input terminal of each voltage comparison branch of the multi-channel voltage comparator is connected to the output terminal of the signal acquisition module 310, and the reference voltage terminal of each voltage comparison branch is input with reference voltage signals of different voltages.

[0062] In this embodiment, the comparison module 320 includes a multi-channel voltage comparator, which includes multiple voltage comparison branches. The input terminals of each voltage comparison branch of the multi-channel voltage comparator are connected to the output terminals of the signal acquisition module 310. The input terminals of the multi-channel voltage comparator receive voltage signals transmitted from the signal acquisition module 310 and compare the voltage signals with reference voltage signals of different voltages input through the reference voltage terminals of each voltage comparison branch. If the medium of the target detection area 240 is ice and the ice thickness is not greater than the ice thickness corresponding to the reference voltage of the current voltage comparison branch, or if the medium of the target detection area 240 is air and the voltage is not greater than the reference voltage, the current voltage comparison branch outputs a low level. If the medium of the target detection area 240 is ice and the ice thickness is the ice thickness corresponding to the current voltage comparison branch, and the voltage is greater than the reference voltage, the current voltage comparison branch outputs a high level, so as to subsequently alarm the ice thickness of the transmission line 400 based on the high level.

[0063] For example, the multi-channel voltage comparator can be implemented as multiple independent voltage comparators; the input terminal of each voltage comparator is connected to the output terminal of the signal acquisition module 310, and the reference voltage terminal of each voltage comparison branch is input with reference voltage signals of different voltages.

[0064] For example, the multi-channel voltage comparator can be an integrated multi-channel voltage comparator; the input terminal of the integrated multi-channel voltage comparator is connected to the output terminal of the signal acquisition module 310, and different reference voltage signals are input to the reference voltage terminal.

[0065] For example, an integrated multi-channel voltage comparator may include a dual-channel voltage comparator, a quad-channel voltage comparator, etc.

[0066] As a possible implementation, the integrated multiplexer voltage comparator can be an LM393 or an LM339.

[0067] As an exemplary embodiment, the icing detection circuit 300 further includes an amplification module, the input terminal of which is connected to the output terminal of the signal acquisition module 310, and the output terminal of which is connected to the input terminal of the comparison module 320.

[0068] In this embodiment, the input terminal of the amplification module is connected to the output terminal of the signal acquisition module 310. After the voltage signal acquired by the signal acquisition module 310 is amplified, it is transmitted to the comparison module 320 through the input terminal of the comparison module 320.

[0069] As a possible implementation, the amplification module is an operational amplifier.

[0070] As an exemplary embodiment, Figure 5This is a circuit connection diagram of a Wheatstone bridge with an operational amplifier and a single-channel voltage comparator according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 5 As shown, the acquisition terminals of the Wheatstone bridge are connected to the first detection electrode 210 and the second detection electrode 220, respectively. The electrode impedances of the first detection electrode 210 and the second detection electrode 220 serve as one arm of the bridge, forming a comparison with the reference resistors R1, R2, and R3 of the Wheatstone bridge. The output terminal of the Wheatstone bridge is connected to the input terminal of operational amplifier U1, and the output terminal of operational amplifier U1 is connected to the input terminal of a single-channel voltage comparator. When the Wheatstone bridge is unbalanced, the detection signal is transmitted to operational amplifier U1 through the output terminal of the Wheatstone bridge. Operational amplifier U1 receives the detection signal from the Wheatstone bridge, amplifies and processes the detection signal within operational amplifier U1, and then transmits the amplified signal to the input terminal of single-channel voltage comparator U2. Single-channel voltage comparator U2 receives the signal transmitted from operational amplifier U1, compares the amplified signal with the reference voltage input through the reference voltage terminal within the single-channel voltage comparator, and outputs a comparison signal; thereby realizing the icing detection of the transmission line 400.

[0071] As an exemplary embodiment, Figure 6 This is a circuit connection diagram of a Wheatstone bridge with an operational amplifier and a multiplexer according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 6 As shown, the acquisition terminals of the Wheatstone bridge are connected to the first detection electrode 210 and the second detection electrode 220, respectively. The electrode impedances of the first detection electrode 210 and the second detection electrode 220 form one arm of the bridge and are compared with the reference resistors R1, R2, and R3 of the Wheatstone bridge. The output terminal of the Wheatstone bridge is connected to the input terminal of the operational amplifier U1. The multiplexer includes a voltage comparison branch composed of independent first voltage comparators U21 to Nth voltage comparators U2N, with different reference voltages input to the reference voltage terminals of each voltage comparator. The output terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to the input terminal of each voltage comparator. When the Wheatstone bridge is unbalanced, the detection signal is transmitted to the operational amplifier through the output terminal of the Wheatstone bridge. Unit U1 is an operational amplifier that receives the detection signal from the Wheatstone bridge. After amplifying and processing the detection signal within the operational amplifier U1, the amplified signal is transmitted to the input terminals of each voltage comparator. The first voltage comparator U21 receives the signal transmitted from the operational amplifier U1 and compares the amplified signal with the first reference voltage input at the reference voltage terminal within a single-channel voltage comparator, outputting a comparison signal. The Nth voltage comparator U2N receives the signal transmitted from the operational amplifier U1 and compares the amplified signal with the Nth reference voltage input at the reference voltage terminal within the Nth voltage comparator U2N, outputting a comparison signal to realize the icing detection of the transmission line 400, where N is a positive integer greater than 1.

[0072] For example, the multi-channel voltage comparator includes a voltage comparison branch composed of two independent voltage comparators; the reference voltage terminal of the first voltage comparator is input with a first reference voltage, and the reference voltage terminal of the second voltage comparator is input with a second reference voltage; the medium of the target detection area 240 between the first detection electrode 210 and the second detection electrode 220 can be pre-calibrated in the laboratory as an ice layer, and the detection signal at the output terminal of the Wheatstone bridge when the ice layer thickness is the starting point of the transmission line 400 icing can be used as the first reference voltage; the detection signal at the output terminal of the Wheatstone bridge can be pre-calibrated in the laboratory as an ice layer, and the ice layer thickness can be the designed icing thickness of the transmission line 400 can be used as the second reference voltage.

[0073] As an exemplary embodiment, the icing detection circuit 300 further includes a filtering module connected between the input terminals of the amplification module and the comparison module 320.

[0074] The signal output by the Wheatstone bridge may contain interference signals, and the signal amplified by the amplification module may also contain interference signals. Therefore, in this embodiment, the icing detection circuit 300 further includes a filtering module, which is connected between the input terminals of the amplification module and the comparison module 320 to filter out interference signals in the signal output by the Wheatstone bridge.

[0075] As a possible implementation, the filtering module is a low-pass filter.

[0076] As an exemplary embodiment, the icing detection system 100 further includes a signal transmission module; the output terminal of the comparison module 320 is connected to the signal transmission module.

[0077] Wind farms and photovoltaic power stations are mostly built in high-altitude, high-humidity, or complex terrain areas. Therefore, it is usually necessary to communicate the icing status of the transmission line 400 detected by the icing detection system 100 to the target location such as the power station. Therefore, in this embodiment, the icing detection system 100 also includes a signal transmission module, and the output terminal of the comparison module 320 is connected to the signal transmission module.

[0078] The signal transmission module can be either a wireless communication module or a wired communication module. For example, taking a wireless communication module as an example, a low-power LoRa module can be used. When the comparator module outputs a low level, it is in sleep mode; when the comparator module outputs a high level, it wakes up and transmits data. Alternatively, the wireless communication module can also be an NB-IoT module, using an operator's network for alarm signal transmission.

[0079] As an exemplary embodiment, the icing detection system further includes a power module, which includes an energy storage unit, a solar panel, and a charge / discharge manager. The solar panel is connected to the energy storage unit through the charge / discharge manager, and the energy storage unit is connected to the comparison module 320 and the signal acquisition module 310 through the charge / discharge manager.

[0080] For example, a 3.7V lithium battery, a 5W solar panel, and a charge / discharge management chip can be used to power the various modules in the icing detection system. At the same time, a low-dropout regulator can be used to provide a reference voltage for the comparator module 320.

[0081] As a possible implementation, a host computer is set up at the target location, which is communicatively connected to the signal transmission module. The host computer receives the icing status of the power transmission line 400 through the signal transmission module.

[0082] For example, the icing detection device 200 is fixed to the surface of the power transmission line 400 by a buckle or strap.

[0083] In this embodiment, the icing detection device 200 is fixed to the surface of the power transmission line 400 by a buckle or strap to prevent the icing detection device 200 from sliding.

[0084] For example, the contact point between the insulating substrate 230 and the power transmission line 400 is a circle that matches the shape of the power transmission line 400.

[0085] In this embodiment, the contact area between the insulating substrate 230 and the power transmission line 400 is circular, matching the shape of the power transmission line 400, in order to increase the contact area between the insulating substrate 230 and the power transmission line 400 and prevent the icing detection device 200 from sliding.

[0086] For example, the icing detection device 200 is attached to the surface of the power transmission line 400 by a weather-resistant adhesive or mechanical clamp.

[0087] In this embodiment, the icing detection device 200 is fixed to the surface of the power transmission line 400 by a weather-resistant adhesive or mechanical clamp to prevent the icing detection device 200 from sliding.

[0088] For example, the surface of the icing detection device 200 is covered with an anti-icing coating, which can be a Teflon coating or a polyimide coating. The anti-icing coating can cover the surfaces of the first detection electrode 210, the second detection electrode 220, and the insulating substrate 230, and can quickly detach when the icing layer begins to melt, reducing the impact of the icing layer on the structure and performance of the icing detection device 200.

[0089] In the above embodiments of this application, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0090] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of this application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An ice detection system, characterized by, The icing detection system includes an icing detection device and an icing detection circuit. The icing detection device is installed on the surface of the power transmission line. The icing detection device includes a first detection electrode, a second detection electrode, and an insulating substrate. The first detection electrode and the second detection electrode are arranged parallel to each other on the insulating substrate. The insulating substrate is disposed on the surface of the power transmission line. The area between the first detection electrode and the second detection electrode constitutes a target detection area. The medium of the target detection area includes air and / or ice. The icing detection circuit includes a signal acquisition module and a comparison module. The comparison module includes a reference voltage terminal and an input terminal, and the reference voltage terminal receives a reference voltage signal. The acquisition terminal of the signal acquisition module is electrically connected to the first detection electrode and the second detection electrode, respectively, and the output terminal of the signal acquisition module is connected to the input terminal of the comparison module.

2. The ice detection system of claim 1, wherein, The signal acquisition module includes a Wheatstone bridge, the acquisition terminals of which are connected to the first detection electrode and the second detection electrode, respectively, and the output terminal of the Wheatstone bridge is connected to the input terminal of the comparison module.

3. The ice detection system of claim 1, wherein, The comparison module includes a single-channel voltage comparator, which includes a reference voltage terminal and an input terminal, wherein the reference voltage terminal receives the reference voltage signal.

4. The ice detection system of claim 1, wherein, The comparison module includes a multi-channel voltage comparator. The input terminal of each voltage comparison branch of the multi-channel voltage comparator is connected to the output terminal of the signal acquisition module, and the reference voltage terminal of each voltage comparison branch receives a reference voltage signal of a different voltage.

5. The ice detection system of claim 2, wherein, The icing detection circuit also includes an amplification module, the input of which is connected to the output of the signal acquisition module, and the output of which is connected to the input of the comparison module.

6. The ice detection system of claim 5, wherein, The icing detection circuit also includes a filtering module, which is connected between the input terminals of the amplification module and the comparison module.

7. The ice detection system of claim 1, wherein, The icing detection system also includes a signal transmission module; the output of the comparison module is connected to the signal transmission module.

8. The ice detection system of claim 1, wherein, The icing detection device is fixed to the surface of the power transmission line by a buckle or strap.

9. The ice detection system of claim 1, wherein, The icing detection device is attached to the surface of the power transmission line by weather-resistant adhesive or mechanical clamps.

10. The icing detection system according to any one of claims 8 or 9, characterized in that, The surface of the icing detection device is covered with an icing-repellent coating.

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