Test tool for battery cell

Abstract

The utility model provides a test tool for a battery cell. The test tool comprises a loading assembly, a fixing assembly and a monitoring assembly, the carrying assembly is used for carrying a to-be-tested battery cell, and an airflow channel and an air guide hole communicated with the airflow channel are formed in the carrying assembly; the fixing assembly is arranged on the carrying assembly, the fixing assembly is fixedly connected with the carrying assembly, a first cavity is formed in the fixing assembly, the first cavity is used for arranging a to-be-tested battery cell, and the first cavity is communicated with an air inlet hole of the airflow channel, so that the stability of the to-be-tested battery cell in the testing process is ensured, and the position deviation of the to-be-tested battery cell in the testing process is avoided; the test precision is improved; the monitoring assembly is used for monitoring the pressure of gas generated when the to-be-tested battery cell is subjected to thermal runaway, the monitoring assembly comprises a gas pressure sensor, and the gas pressure sensor is connected with the gas guide hole, so that the change of the internal gas pressure of the to-be-tested battery cell can be accurately recorded, and accurate test data is provided for the thermal runaway characteristic of the to-be-tested battery cell.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a testing fixture for battery cells. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy industry, the safety performance of power batteries, as core components, has become a focus of industry attention. In the battery production process, the nail penetration test, as a key testing item for assessing the thermal runaway safety of batteries, plays an important role in verifying the battery's structural design and safety protection capabilities by simulating internal short-circuit conditions.

[0003] Currently, existing needle penetration testing fixtures still have the following technical defects: lack of pressure sensing module, inability to collect valve opening pressure data in real time, insufficient cell fixing efficiency and stability, and low fixture reuse rate leading to increased costs. Utility Model Content

[0004] This embodiment provides a testing fixture for battery cells to ensure the stability of the battery cell under test during the testing process, prevent the battery cell under test from shifting its position during the needle penetration process, and monitor the pressure of the gas generated when the battery cell under test experiences thermal runaway, so as to provide accurate test data for the thermal runaway characteristics of the battery cell under test.

[0005] To achieve the above functions, the technical solution provided in this embodiment is as follows:

[0006] This embodiment provides a testing fixture for battery cells, including:

[0007] A carrier assembly for carrying the battery cell under test, wherein the carrier assembly is provided with an airflow channel and an air guide hole communicating with the airflow channel;

[0008] A fixing component is disposed on the carrier component and is fixedly connected to the carrier component. The fixing component has a first cavity inside, which is used to place the battery cell under test. The first cavity is connected to the air inlet of the airflow channel.

[0009] A monitoring component is used to monitor the pressure of the gas generated when the battery cell under test experiences thermal runaway. The monitoring component includes a gas pressure sensor, which is connected to the gas vent.

[0010] In one embodiment, the cargo carrier assembly includes:

[0011] Base;

[0012] A first support plate is disposed on one side of the base, and the first support plate has a second cavity.

[0013] A second support plate is disposed on the side of the first support plate away from the base. The second support plate covers the second cavity. The second support plate has the air inlet and the air guide hole. One end of the air inlet is connected to the first cavity, and the other end of the air inlet is connected to the second cavity. The air guide hole is connected to the second cavity.

[0014] The base, the first support plate, and the second support plate are fixedly connected.

[0015] In one embodiment, the air inlet extends through the second support plate, and the outer diameter of the air inlet is greater than or equal to 33 mm and less than or equal to 46 mm.

[0016] In one embodiment, the air guide hole penetrates through the second support plate, and the outer diameter of the air guide hole is greater than or equal to 15 mm and less than or equal to 17 mm.

[0017] In one embodiment, the fixing component includes:

[0018] A fixing part is fixedly connected to the loading assembly. The fixing part is provided with the first cavity. The first cavity includes a first through hole, which penetrates the fixing part and communicates with the air inlet of the airflow channel.

[0019] A fixing strip is disposed on the side of the fixing part away from the load assembly. The side of the fixing strip close to the load assembly abuts against the fixing part, and the fixing strip is fixedly connected to the load assembly.

[0020] Multiple fixing blocks are arranged around the outer surface of the fixing part, the fixing part is fixedly connected to the loading assembly, and the side of the fixing block near the fixing part abuts against the fixing part.

[0021] In one embodiment, the fixing part includes a plurality of fixing plates, which are arranged around the outer surface of the battery cell to be tested;

[0022] The fixing plate has multiple slots on the side near the battery cell to be tested. The slots extend along the height direction of the fixing plate and penetrate the fixing plate. The slots are located on the inner wall of the first through hole.

[0023] In one embodiment, the test fixture further includes a pressure relief component, which is used to release the gas generated when the battery cell under test undergoes thermal runaway. The pressure relief component is disposed on the carrier component and is fixedly connected to the carrier component.

[0024] The pressure relief component and the fixing component are spaced apart along the length of the load-carrying component, and the pressure relief component is connected to the air outlet of the airflow channel.

[0025] In one embodiment, the pressure relief assembly includes:

[0026] The mounting plate includes a first mounting sub-plate and a second mounting sub-plate disposed opposite to each other along the width direction of the cargo assembly, and both the first mounting sub-plate and the second mounting sub-plate are fixedly connected to the cargo assembly;

[0027] A baffle is located between the first mounting sub-plate and the second mounting sub-plate, with one end of the baffle inserted into the first mounting sub-plate and the other end of the baffle inserted into the second mounting sub-plate;

[0028] A pressure relief plate is disposed on the side of the baffle away from the fixing component. The pressure relief plate is located between the first mounting sub-plate and the second mounting sub-plate. The end of the pressure relief plate near the baffle is rotatably connected to the first mounting sub-plate and the second mounting sub-plate, and the pressure relief plate covers the air outlet.

[0029] In one embodiment, the cargo assembly has the vent hole, which includes a first sub-hole and a second sub-hole, and the first sub-hole and the second sub-hole are spaced apart along the width direction of the pressure relief plate;

[0030] Wherein, the distance between the first sub-hole and the air inlet is less than the distance between the second sub-hole and the air inlet, and the outer circle diameter of the first sub-hole is greater than or equal to the outer circle diameter of the second sub-hole.

[0031] In one embodiment, the pressure relief assembly further includes a spring assembly, the spring assembly comprising:

[0032] A first spring tube is disposed between the first mounting sub-plate and the pressure relief plate. One end of the first spring tube is fixedly connected to the first mounting sub-plate, and the other end of the first spring tube is connected to the end of the pressure relief plate away from the baffle.

[0033] A second spring tube is disposed between the second mounting sub-plate and the pressure relief plate. One end of the second spring tube is fixedly connected to the second mounting sub-plate, and the other end of the second spring tube is connected to the end of the pressure relief plate away from the baffle.

[0034] When the gas pressure generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell under test exceeds a predetermined threshold, the pressure relief plate rotates between one end and the mounting plate, the first and second spring tubes are compressed, and the other end of the pressure relief plate moves away from the load assembly.

[0035] The beneficial effects of this embodiment:

[0036] This utility model provides a testing fixture for battery cells, comprising a carrier component, a fixing component, and a monitoring component. The carrier component carries the battery cell under test and has an airflow channel and an air guide hole communicating with the airflow channel. The fixing component is disposed on the carrier component and is fixedly connected to the carrier component. The fixing component has a first cavity for placing the battery cell under test. The first cavity is connected to the air inlet of the airflow channel to ensure the stability of the battery cell under test during the testing process, prevent the battery cell under test from shifting its position during the needle penetration process, and improve the accuracy of the needle penetration test. The monitoring component monitors the pressure of the gas generated when the battery cell under test experiences thermal runaway. The monitoring component includes a pressure sensor connected to the air guide hole, which can accurately record the changes in the internal pressure of the battery cell under test, providing accurate test data for the thermal runaway characteristics of the battery cell under test, thereby enhancing the repeatability of the experimental results. Attached Figure Description

[0037] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this embodiment, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiment will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0038] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the first structure of the testing fixture provided in an embodiment of this utility model from a first perspective;

[0039] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the first structure of the test fixture provided in the embodiment of this utility model from a second perspective;

[0040] Figure 3 An exploded view of the test fixture provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0041] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the loading component provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0042] Figure 5 This is a top view of the loading assembly provided in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0043] Figure 6 Provided for the embodiments of this utility model Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the cross-section at AA';

[0044] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing component provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0045] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure relief assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a second structure of the testing fixture provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0048] 1-Test fixture; 11-Loading assembly; 12-Fixing assembly; 13-First connecting piece; 14-Second connecting piece; 15-Pressure relief assembly;

[0049] 110-Airflow channel; 1101-Air inlet; 1102-Air outlet; 11021-First sub-hole; 11022-Second sub-hole; 111-Base; 112-First support plate; 113-Second support plate; 114-First connecting part; 1111-First mounting hole; 1120-Second cavity; 1121-Second mounting hole; 1131-Air guide hole; 1132-Third mounting hole; 1133-Sealing groove;

[0050] 120 - First cavity; 1201 - First through hole; 121 - Fixing part; 122 - Fixing strip; 123 - Fixing block; 124 - Second connecting part; 1211 - Fixing plate; 12111 - Slot; 1211A - First fixing plate; 1211B - Second fixing plate; 1211C - Third fixing plate; 1211D - Fourth fixing plate; 1212 - Fourth mounting hole; 1213 - Fifth mounting hole; 1221 - First pressure strip; 1222 - Second pressure strip;

[0051] 151-Mounting plate; 152-Baffle; 153-Pressure relief plate; 154-Spring assembly; 1511-First mounting sub-plate; 1512-Second mounting sub-plate; 1521-First sub-baffle; 1522-Second sub-baffle; 1541-First spring tube; 1542-Second spring tube;

[0052] 2-Battery cell to be tested. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model. In addition, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for illustration and explanation of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. In the present utility model, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" generally refer to the upper and lower positions of the device in actual use or operation, specifically the drawing directions in the accompanying drawings; while "inner" and "outer" refer to the outline of the device.

[0054] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 ;in, Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the first structure of the testing fixture provided in an embodiment of this utility model from a first perspective; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the first structure of the test fixture provided in the embodiment of this utility model from a second perspective; Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the test fixture provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] This embodiment provides a test fixture 1 for battery cells. By simulating the safety response of the battery cell when it suffers external physical damage, the test fixture 1 is used to detect the pressure of the gas generated when the battery cell experiences thermal runaway, thereby providing accurate and reliable data support for the evaluation of the battery cell's safety performance.

[0056] The test fixture 1 includes a carrier component 11, a fixing component 12, and a monitoring component. The carrier component 11 is used to carry the battery cell 2 under test, ensuring that the battery cell 2 under test is in a stable position during the test. The carrier component 11 is provided with an airflow channel 110 and an air guide hole 1131 communicating with the airflow channel 110. The airflow channel 110 is used to conduct the gas when the battery cell 2 under test undergoes thermal runaway, so that the gas released during the thermal runaway test of the battery cell 2 under test flows smoothly, and at the same time, it facilitates subsequent air pressure monitoring.

[0057] The fixing component 12 is disposed on the carrier component 11 and fixedly connected to the carrier component 11. The fixing component 12 is provided with a first cavity 120, which is used to place the battery cell 2 under test. The first cavity 120 is connected to the air inlet 1101 of the airflow channel 110, thereby ensuring the stability of the battery cell 2 under test during the test, avoiding the battery cell 2 under test from shifting during the test, and improving the accuracy of the test.

[0058] The monitoring component is used to monitor the pressure of the gas generated when the battery cell 2 under test undergoes thermal runaway. The monitoring component includes a pressure sensor (not shown in the figure), which is connected to the air vent 1131, thereby accurately recording the internal pressure changes of the battery cell 2 under test, providing accurate test data for the thermal runaway characteristics of the battery cell 2 under test, and thus enhancing the reliability and repeatability of the experimental results.

[0059] It should be noted that this embodiment uses the aforementioned testing fixture as a needle penetration testing fixture to illustrate the embodiment of this utility model; wherein, the principle of the needle penetration test is to simulate the external physical damage that the battery may encounter in actual use by inserting a designated steel needle into the surface of the battery cell; during the test, the steel needle penetrates the battery casing and goes deep into the battery, which may cause phenomena such as internal short circuit, temperature rise and thermal runaway, thereby testing the safety performance of the battery cell.

[0060] Specifically, the pressure relief valve of the battery cell 2 under test is located near the air inlet 1101, and the positive and negative terminals of the battery cell 2 under test are located on the side of the pressure relief valve away from the air inlet 1101. The test fixture 1 also includes a first connecting piece 13 and a second connecting piece 14. The first connecting piece 13 is used to connect the positive terminal of the battery cell 2 under test, and the second connecting piece 14 is used to connect the negative terminal of the battery cell 2 under test. By connecting a 10V / 1000A power supply to the first connecting piece 13 and the second connecting piece 14, the high current operating environment that the battery cell 2 under test may encounter under extreme conditions is simulated. The 10V / 1000A power supply is only used as an example, and this embodiment does not impose specific restrictions on the power supply parameters connected to the battery cell 2 under test.

[0061] During the test, a puncture device (such as a steel needle) can be used to puncture the outer shell, separator, or other internal structure of the battery cell 2 under test from the positive or negative terminal to simulate the scenario when the battery cell 2 under test is subjected to external impact or puncture. When the puncture device penetrates the battery cell 2 under test and contacts the battery electrodes, it may cause the electrodes of the battery cell 2 to connect directly for a short time, resulting in a short circuit. This leads to a rapid increase in current, which in turn generates a large amount of heat inside the battery cell 2 under test, causing thermal runaway. It should be noted that the puncture device penetrates the battery cell 2 under test to a depth of 25 mm, thereby ensuring that the puncture device penetrates the outer shell, separator, or other internal structure (such as electrodes and electrolyte) of the battery cell 2 under test, directly causing a short circuit in the electrodes inside the battery cell 2 under test.

[0062] When the battery cell 2 under test experiences thermal runaway, the gas generated by the thermal runaway is discharged through the pressure relief valve and enters the airflow channel 110 through the first cavity 120. This allows the pressure sensor connected to the air guide hole 1131 to detect the internal pressure of the battery cell 2 under test, providing accurate test data for the thermal runaway characteristics of the battery cell 2 under test, thereby enhancing the reliability and repeatability of the experimental results. At the same time, the internal pressure of the battery cell 2 under test can be detected by a single puncture, avoiding the risk of damage to the battery cell 2 due to multiple punctures. Furthermore, the first cavity 120 simultaneously fixes the battery cell 2 under test and guides the thermal runaway gas path, thereby simplifying the structure of the test fixture 1 and reducing the manufacturing process difficulty of the test fixture 1.

[0063] Please combine Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 ;in, Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the loading component provided in an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 5 This is a top view of the loading assembly provided in an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 6 Provided for the embodiments of this utility model Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the cross-section at AA'.

[0064] In one embodiment, the carrier assembly 11 is used to stably support the battery cell 2 under test and provide an airflow channel 110 and structural support; the carrier assembly 11 includes a base 111, a first support plate 112 and a second support plate 113 stacked together, and the base 111, the first support plate 112 and the second support plate 113 are fixedly connected to each other.

[0065] The base 111 is used to support the entire test fixture 1 and ensure the stability of the test fixture 1. The base 111 has a plurality of first mounting holes 1111, which are arranged around the edge of the base 111 and penetrate through the base 111.

[0066] The first support plate 112 is disposed on one side of the base 111. The first support plate 112 has a second cavity 1120, which is used to accommodate and guide the flow of air. The first support plate 112 can be an annular plate. The first support plate 112 is disposed around the edge of the base 111. The first support plate 112 has a plurality of second mounting holes 1121. The second mounting holes 1121 penetrate the first support plate 112, and one second mounting hole 1121 corresponds to one first mounting hole 1111. The second mounting hole 1121 communicates with one first mounting hole 1111.

[0067] Specifically, the base 111 covers the side of the second cavity 1120 near the base 111, thereby forming an airflow channel 110 between the base 111 and the second support plate 113, thus ensuring that when the battery cell under test 2 experiences thermal runaway, the thermal runaway gas can be guided and flow through the airflow channel 110.

[0068] The second support plate 113 is disposed on the side of the first support plate 112 away from the base 111. The second support plate 113 covers the second cavity 1120. The second support plate 113 has the air inlet 1101 and the air guide hole 1131. One end of the air inlet 1101 is connected to the first cavity 120, and the other end of the air inlet 1101 is connected to the second cavity 1120. This allows the gas generated when the battery cell 2 under test undergoes thermal runaway to be guided into the second cavity 1120 through the air inlet 1101, ensuring smooth gas flow and improving the safety and reliability of the testing process.

[0069] The second support plate 113 is further provided with a sealing groove 1133, which surrounds the outer wall of the air inlet 1101. The test fixture 1 also includes a sealing ring, which is disposed between the second support plate 113 and the fixing component 12. The sealing ring is sleeved on the outer wall of the air inlet 1101 and fills the gap between the air inlet 1101 and the sealing groove 1133 to improve the sealing performance of the test fixture 1.

[0070] The air guide hole 1131 is connected to the second cavity 1120, thereby introducing the thermal runaway gas in the second cavity 1120 into the pressure sensor. The pressure sensor can detect the change in thermal runaway gas pressure in the battery cell 2 under test in real time, thereby providing accurate and reliable data support for the evaluation of the safety performance of the battery cell 2 under test.

[0071] Specifically, the second support plate 113 covers the first support plate 112, and the second support plate 113 has a plurality of third mounting holes 1132. The third mounting holes 1132 penetrate the second support plate 113, and one third mounting hole 1132 corresponds to one second mounting hole 1121, and one third mounting hole 1132 communicates with one second mounting hole 1121.

[0072] The loading assembly 11 also includes a plurality of first connecting parts 114, each of which can be a screw. Each first connecting part 114 corresponds to one of the third mounting holes 1132, and one end of each first connecting part 114 passes through the third mounting hole 1132, the second mounting hole 1121 and the first mounting hole 1111 in sequence, thereby fixing the first support plate 112 and the second support plate 113 together, thus ensuring the stability and reliability of each part of the loading assembly 11.

[0073] It is understood that, in this embodiment, by setting the carrier assembly 11 to include a base 111, a first support plate 112, and a second support plate 113 stacked together, and the base 111, the first support plate 112, and the second support plate 113 fixedly connected, it can achieve stable support for the battery cell 2 under test, and provide an airflow channel 110 when the battery cell 2 under test experiences thermal runaway, ensuring that the gas generated by the battery cell 2 under test during thermal runaway can be guided and discharged in a timely manner; at the same time, by connecting the air guide hole 1131 to the pressure sensor, the change in the thermal runaway gas pressure inside the battery cell 2 under test can be detected in real time, thereby improving the accuracy and repeatability of the test data.

[0074] Please continue to combine Figures 1 to 6 The air inlet 1101 penetrates the second support plate 113. The outer diameter of the air inlet 1101 is greater than or equal to 33 mm and less than or equal to 46 mm. By controlling the size range of the air inlet 1101, airflow can be ensured while adapting to different sizes of the battery cell 2 under test, thereby improving the adaptability and versatility of the test fixture 1.

[0075] Specifically, the air inlet 1101 can be cylindrical, and its size is smaller than that of the battery cell 2 under test. This avoids the battery cell 2 from being displaced due to an excessively large air inlet 1101, and also prevents friction between the battery cell 2 and the inner wall of the air inlet 1101, which could damage the battery cell 2 and ensure the safety and stability of the testing process. At the same time, it can effectively guide gas flow and limit excessive gas expansion when the battery cell 2 experiences thermal runaway, effectively controlling the flow direction of gas inside the battery cell 2 and preventing unnecessary interference caused by gas leakage.

[0076] Furthermore, the vent 1131 penetrates the second support plate 113. The outer diameter of the vent 1131 is greater than or equal to 15 mm and less than or equal to 13 mm. By controlling the size range of the vent 1131, the stability and pressure of the thermal runaway gas are effectively balanced when the battery cell 2 under test experiences thermal runaway. This allows the thermal runaway gas to flow out smoothly and be effectively guided to the pressure sensor, thereby avoiding gas accumulation that could interfere with the test results.

[0077] Specifically, the air guide hole 1131 can be cylindrical, and its size is smaller than that of the air inlet hole 1101. This effectively controls the flow rate of the thermal runaway gas generated by the battery cell under test 2, preventing the thermal runaway gas from flowing out too quickly and causing airflow instability. At the same time, by adjusting the size of the air guide hole 1131, it can be ensured that the thermal runaway gas maintains appropriate pressure and flow rate when exiting the airflow channel 110, thereby ensuring the smooth discharge of the thermal runaway gas and effectively guiding the gas into the pressure sensor for monitoring. This ensures timely and accurate collection of pressure data when the battery cell under test 2 experiences thermal runaway, improving the stability and reliability of the test fixture 1.

[0078] Please combine Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 7 ;in, Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing component provided in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0079] In one embodiment, the fixing component 12 includes a fixing part 121, a fixing strip 122, and a plurality of fixing blocks 123123. The fixing part 121 is fixedly connected to the carrier component 11 to fix the battery cell 2 under test. The fixing part 121 is provided with a first cavity 120. The first cavity 120 includes a first through hole 1201. The first through hole 1201 penetrates the fixing part 121 and communicates with the air inlet 1101 of the airflow channel 110 to form a continuous air passage, ensuring that the thermal runaway gas generated by the battery cell 2 under test can be rushed out from the pressure relief valve and guided into the airflow channel 110 through the first through hole 1201 and the air inlet 1101.

[0080] Specifically, the second support plate 113 has multiple screw holes, and the fixing part 121 can be fixedly connected to the second support plate 113 by bolt connection, so that the fixing part 121 and the second support plate 113 can be quickly disassembled and reassembled, thereby adapting to the testing requirements of the battery cell 2 of different specifications.

[0081] The fixing strip 122 is disposed on the side of the fixing part 121 away from the load assembly 11. The side of the fixing strip 122 close to the load assembly 11 abuts against the fixing part 121, and the fixing strip 122 is fixedly connected to the load assembly 11. This ensures that the battery cell 2 under test will not move along the thickness direction of the load assembly 11 during the test, and avoids deviations in the pressure data of the thermal runaway gas detected by the pressure sensor due to the unstable position of the battery cell 2 under test during the test. The fixing strip 122 can be fixedly connected to the second support plate 113 by bolts.

[0082] The plurality of fixing blocks 123123 are arranged around the outer surface of the fixing part 121. The fixing part 121 is fixedly connected to the carrying assembly 11, and the side of the fixing block 123123 close to the fixing part 121 abuts against the fixing part 121, thereby ensuring that the battery cell 2 under test will not move along the length and width directions of the carrying assembly 11 during the test, further improving the stability of the battery cell 2 under test in the test fixture 1, and effectively improving the accuracy and reliability of the test.

[0083] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the thickness direction of the loading component is taken as... Figure 1 The Z-direction and the length direction of the loading component are... Figure 1 The Y-direction and the width direction of the loading component are... Figure 1Taking the X direction in the figure and the fixing component including four fixing blocks 123 as an example, this embodiment is illustrated. The four fixing blocks 123 are distributed at equal intervals along the outer surface of the fixing part. The fixing blocks 123 can be fixedly connected to the second support plate by bolts.

[0084] Furthermore, the fixing part 121 includes a plurality of fixing plates 1211, which are arranged around the outer surface of the battery cell 2 under test; each fixing plate 1211 has a plurality of slots 12111 on the side near the battery cell 2 under test, the slots 12111 extend along the height direction of the fixing plate 1211 and penetrate the fixing plate 1211, and the slots 12111 are arranged on the inner wall of the first through hole 1201 to ensure that the slots 12111 are aligned with the first through hole 1201.

[0085] The slot 12111 can serve as a channel for a temperature measurement line, allowing the temperature measurement line to extend into the first cavity 120 through the slot 12111 and contact the outer surface of the cell under test 2. This enables real-time monitoring of the temperature change of the cell under test 2 during thermal runaway, further improving the comprehensiveness and reliability of battery safety testing and providing data support for battery design optimization and safety improvement.

[0086] Specifically, the fixing part 121 includes a first fixing plate 1211A, a second fixing plate 1211B, a third fixing plate 1211C, and a fourth fixing plate 1211D. The first fixing plate 1211A and the second fixing plate 1211B are arranged opposite each other along the length direction of the carrying assembly 11, and the third fixing plate 1211C and the fourth fixing plate 1211D are arranged opposite each other along the width direction of the carrying assembly 11, thereby ensuring that the fixing part 121 stably fixes the battery cell 2 under test in multiple directions and avoids displacement of the battery cell 2 under test during the test.

[0087] The fixing part 121 includes a fourth mounting hole 1212 and a fifth mounting hole 1213. The fourth mounting hole 1212 passes through the first fixing plate 1211A, the third fixing plate 1211C, and the second fixing plate 1211B sequentially along the length direction of the carrying assembly 11. The fifth mounting hole 1213 passes through the first fixing plate 1211A, the fourth fixing plate 1211D, and the second fixing plate 1211B sequentially along the length direction of the carrying assembly 11, and is connected by two second connecting parts 124 respectively. By passing through the fourth mounting hole 1212 and the fifth mounting hole 1213, a fixed connection is achieved between the first fixing plate 1211A, the second fixing plate 1211B, the third fixing plate 1211C, and the fourth fixing plate 1211D, ensuring the structural stability of the fixing part 121. This ensures that the multiple fixing plates 1211 can be precisely aligned during the fixing process of the battery cell 2 under test, and that the battery cell 2 under test will not be displaced or shaken during the test, thus ensuring the stability and accuracy of the test results.

[0088] The third fixing plate 1211C and the first connecting piece 13 can be connected by bolts, and the fourth fixing plate 1211D and the second connecting piece 14 can be connected by bolts, thereby achieving a stable connection between the positive and negative poles of the battery cell 2 under test and the fixing part 121, ensuring the electrical contact stability of the battery cell 2 under test, and thus improving the accuracy and reliability of the test data.

[0089] Further, the fixing strip 122 includes a first strip 1221 and a second strip 1222. The first strip 1221 is disposed on the side of the first fixing plate 1211A away from the load assembly 11, and the side of the first strip 1221 close to the load assembly 11 abuts against the first fixing plate 1211A, and the first fixing plate 1211A is fixedly connected to the load assembly 11. The second strip 1222 is disposed on the side of the second fixing plate 1211B away from the load assembly 11, and the side of the second strip 1222 close to the load assembly 11 abuts against the second fixing plate 1211B, and the second fixing plate 1211B is fixedly connected to the load assembly 11, thereby improving the fixing strength between the fixing part 121 and the load assembly 11. Both the first strip 1221 and the second strip 1222 can be fixedly connected to the second support plate 113 by bolts.

[0090] The materials of the fixing strip 122, the fixing plate 1211, and the fixing block 123 can all be made of aluminum. Aluminum has a lighter weight and better corrosion resistance, which extends the service life of the test fixture 1 and reduces the frequency of component replacement due to rust. At the same time, the processing technology of aluminum is mature and easy to mass-produce. By using aluminum to manufacture the fixing strip 122, the fixing plate 1211, and the fixing block 123, the production efficiency of the test fixture 1 can be improved, while reducing the production cost of the test fixture 1.

[0091] Please combine Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 ;in, Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure relief assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a second structure of the testing fixture provided in an embodiment of the present utility model; it should be noted that... Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the test fixture when the gas pressure generated by the test cell exceeds a predetermined threshold during thermal runaway.

[0092] In one embodiment, the test fixture 1 further includes a pressure relief component 15, which is used to release the gas generated when the battery cell 2 under test experiences thermal runaway. The pressure relief component 15 is disposed on the carrier component 11 and is fixedly connected to the carrier component 11. The pressure relief component 15 and the fixing component 12 are spaced apart along the length of the carrier component 11, and the pressure relief component 15 is connected to the vent 1102 of the airflow channel 110 to ensure that when the battery cell 2 under test experiences thermal runaway, the thermal runaway gas can be effectively discharged through the pressure relief component 15, avoiding the accumulation of thermal runaway gas that may cause safety hazards or test data deviations.

[0093] Specifically, the first support plate 112 has an air outlet 1102, which is connected to the second cavity 1120. The second cavity 1120 extends along the fixing component 12 toward the pressure relief component 15. By connecting one end of the second cavity 1120 to the air inlet 1101 and the other end to the air outlet 1102, an airflow channel 110 is formed. This ensures that the gas generated when the battery cell 2 under test experiences thermal runaway can first be guided into the second cavity 1120 through the air inlet 1101, and then guided to the pressure relief component 15 through the air outlet 1102. This effectively discharges the thermal runaway gas and avoids potential safety hazards caused by the accumulation of runaway gas.

[0094] The vent 1102 includes a first sub-vent 11021 and a second sub-vent 11022, which are spaced apart along the width of the carrier assembly 11. The distance between the first sub-vent 11021 and the vent 1101 is less than the distance between the second sub-vent 11022 and the vent 1101, and the outer diameter of the first sub-vent 11021 is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the second sub-vent 11022. This helps to distribute the burden of thermal runaway gas. When the first sub-vent 11021 is blocked or the amount of thermal runaway gas is too large, the second sub-vent 11022 can divert the flow, preventing a single vent 1102 from being impacted by too much thermal runaway gas in a short period of time, reducing the impact of pressure concentration, and ensuring that the thermal runaway gas can continue to be effectively discharged.

[0095] Specifically, the distance between the first sub-hole 11021 and the air inlet 1101 is smaller than the distance between the second sub-hole 11022 and the air inlet 1101, so that the first sub-hole 11021 can serve as the main air outlet 1102 and the second sub-hole 11022 can serve as the auxiliary air outlet 1102. By setting the outer diameter of the first sub-hole 11021 to be greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the second sub-hole 11022, the increase in thermal runaway gas resistance or pressure accumulation caused by the small diameter of the first sub-hole 11021 is avoided.

[0096] When the pressure of the thermal runaway gas in the first sub-hole 11021 exceeds a predetermined threshold due to blockage of the first sub-hole 11021 or a sudden surge in flow rate, the pressure difference triggers the diversion mechanism of the second sub-hole 11022, allowing excess thermal runaway gas to be discharged through the second sub-hole 11022. This enables the first sub-hole 11021 to be used for the main exhaust function under normal conditions (when the pressure does not exceed the predetermined threshold). At the same time, the redundant configuration of the second sub-hole 11022 enables the pressure adaptive adjustment of the test fixture 1, forming a dual-insurance exhaust structure with main and auxiliary coordination.

[0097] The first sub-hole 11021 can be a cylindrical hole, and the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the first sub-hole 11021 is greater than or equal to 49 mm and less than or equal to 51 mm. The cross-sectional shape of the second sub-hole 11022 is elliptical, and the cross-section of the second sub-hole 11022 includes a major axis and a minor axis that are intersected. The major axis is parallel to one of the length direction and the width direction of the platform, and the major axis is greater than or equal to 19 mm and less than or equal to 20 mm. The minor axis is parallel to the other of the length direction and the width direction of the platform, and the minor axis is greater than or equal to 15 mm and less than or equal to 13 mm.

[0098] The pressure relief assembly 15 includes a mounting plate 151, a baffle 152, and a pressure relief plate 153. The mounting plate 151 includes a first mounting sub-plate 1511 and a second mounting sub-plate 1512 that are arranged opposite to each other along the width direction of the load assembly 11. Both the first mounting sub-plate 1511 and the second mounting sub-plate 1512 are fixedly connected to the load assembly 11, thereby providing stable support for the subsequent pressure relief process and ensuring the stability and reliability of the battery cell 2 under test during the pressure relief process.

[0099] The baffle 152 is disposed between the first mounting sub-plate 1511 and the second mounting sub-plate 1512. One end of the baffle 152 is inserted into the first mounting sub-plate 1511, and the other end of the baffle 152 is inserted into the second mounting sub-plate 1512. The baffle 152 is used to block the spread of flames or smoke that may be generated by the battery cell 2 under test during thermal runaway, thereby effectively preventing the flames or smoke from spreading to other areas and improving the safety of equipment and personnel during the test.

[0100] Specifically, the baffle 152 includes a first sub-baffle 1521 and a second sub-baffle 1522. The first sub-baffle 1521 is disposed on the side of the mounting plate 151 near the fixing part 121, between the first mounting sub-plate 1511 and the second mounting sub-plate 1512, and extends along the thickness direction of the load assembly 11. The second sub-baffle 1522 is disposed at the end of the mounting plate 151 away from the load assembly 11, between the first mounting sub-plate 1511 and the second mounting sub-plate 1512, and the extension direction of the second mounting sub-plate 1512 forms a preset angle with the thickness direction of the load assembly 11. This ensures that the baffle 152 shields the spread of flames or smoke that may be generated by the battery cell 2 under test during thermal runaway in multiple directions, further improving the safety of equipment and personnel during the test.

[0101] The first mounting sub-plate 1511 has a first sliding groove and a second sliding groove, and the second mounting sub-plate 1512 has a third sliding groove and a fourth sliding groove. One end of the first sub-baffle 1521 is inserted into the first sliding groove, and the other end of the first sub-baffle 1521 is inserted into the third sliding groove. One end of the second sub-baffle 1522 is inserted into the second sliding groove, and the other end of the second sub-baffle 1522 is inserted into the fourth sliding groove, thereby achieving a fixed connection between the baffle 152 and the mounting plate 151. Furthermore, the sliding groove design facilitates the installation, disassembly, and replacement of the baffle 152.

[0102] Specifically, the groove design allows the baffle 152 to slide easily and be precisely positioned. When maintenance or replacement is required, the baffle 152 can be simply slid off without a complicated disassembly and assembly process, thereby improving the maintainability of the test fixture 1 and enabling the test fixture 1 to be reused after maintenance.

[0103] The pressure relief plate 153 is disposed on the side of the baffle 152 away from the fixing component 12. The pressure relief plate 153 is disposed at one end of the mounting plate 151 near the load-bearing component 11, and is located between the first mounting sub-plate 1511 and the second mounting sub-plate 1512. The end of the pressure relief plate 153 near the baffle 152 is rotatably connected to the first mounting sub-plate 1511 and the second mounting sub-plate 1512, and the pressure relief plate 153 covers the vent 1102, so that when thermal runaway gas impacts the pressure relief plate... When the gas pressure generated by the test cell 2 during thermal runaway exceeds a predetermined threshold, one end of the pressure relief plate 153 rotates with the mounting plate 151, and the other end of the pressure relief plate 153 moves away from the carrier assembly 11, thereby exposing the vent and releasing the thermal runaway gas to relieve the pressure of the test cell 2; wherein, the end of the pressure relief plate 153 away from the vent 1102 can be rotatably connected to the mounting plate 151 through a fixed shaft, and the predetermined threshold can be 1.3 bar.

[0104] It should be noted that the pressure relief valve of a cylindrical battery cell usually opens at around 1.0 bar to 1.5 bar. The specific pressure depends on the cell design and manufacturing process. In this embodiment, by setting the predetermined threshold to 1.3 bar, it can be ensured that the pressure relief of the test fixture 1 occurs after the pressure relief valve of the battery cell 2 under test is opened, thus ensuring the authenticity of the experimental data. At the same time, it avoids premature pressure relief of the test fixture 1, which would affect the data recording of the pressure sensor.

[0105] Furthermore, the pressure relief assembly 15 also includes a spring assembly 154, which includes a first spring tube 1541 and a second spring tube 1542. The first spring tube 1541 is disposed between the first mounting sub-plate 1511 and the pressure relief plate 153. One end of the first spring tube 1541 is fixedly connected to the first mounting sub-plate 1511, and the other end of the first spring tube 1541 is connected to the end of the pressure relief plate 153 away from the baffle 152. The second spring tube 1542 is disposed between the first mounting sub-plate 1511 and the second spring tube 1542. Between the second mounting plate 1512 and the pressure relief plate 153, one end of the second spring tube 1542 is fixedly connected to the second mounting plate 1512, and the other end of the second spring tube 1542 is connected to the end of the pressure relief plate 153 away from the baffle 152. This fixes the first spring tube 1541 and the second spring tube 1542 on the same side of the mounting plate 151 and connects to the same end of the pressure relief plate 153, thereby achieving bidirectional elastic support and effectively balancing the force on the pressure relief plate 153.

[0106] When the gas pressure generated by the thermal runaway of the tested battery cell 2 exceeds a predetermined threshold, the thermal runaway gas impacts the pressure relief plate 153 through the vent 1102. In the initial stage, the first spring tube 1541 and the second spring tube 1542 maintain the sealing state between the pressure relief plate 153 and the load assembly 11 through pre-tightening force. As the pressure of the thermal runaway gas continues to rise to exceed the predetermined threshold (1.3 bar), the end of the pressure relief plate 153 away from the vent 1102 rotates with the mounting plate 151 through a fixed shaft. At this time, the first spring tube 1541 and the second spring tube 1542 are compressed along the thickness direction of the load assembly 11 under the leverage of the pressure relief plate 153. During this process, the elastic deformation of the first spring tube 1541 and the elastic deformation of the second spring tube 1542 absorb part of the impact energy, thereby delaying the opening speed of the pressure relief plate 153, reducing the mechanical wear of the pressure relief plate 153, and ensuring that the pressure relief plate 153 can be used multiple times.

[0107] The other end of the pressure relief plate 153 moves away from the carrier assembly 11; specifically, when the end of the pressure relief plate 153 near the vent 1102 is completely separated from the sealing surface between it and the carrier assembly 11, so as to expose the vent 1102, the thermal runaway gas is discharged through the vent 1102 to the airflow of the test fixture 1, thereby realizing the pressure relief process of the battery cell 2 under test.

[0108] The embodiments of this utility model have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this utility model. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this utility model. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this utility model. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

Claims

1. A test fixture for an electrical cell, characterized by, include: A carrier assembly for carrying the battery cell under test, wherein the carrier assembly is provided with an airflow channel and an air guide hole communicating with the airflow channel; A fixing component is disposed on the carrier component and is fixedly connected to the carrier component. The fixing component has a first cavity inside, which is used to place the battery cell under test. The first cavity is connected to the air inlet of the airflow channel. A monitoring component is used to monitor the pressure of the gas generated when the battery cell under test experiences thermal runaway. The monitoring component includes a gas pressure sensor, which is connected to the gas vent.

2. The test fixture of claim 1, wherein, The cargo-carrying assembly includes: Base; A first support plate is disposed on one side of the base, and the first support plate has a second cavity. A second support plate is disposed on the side of the first support plate away from the base. The second support plate covers the second cavity. The second support plate has the air inlet and the air guide hole. One end of the air inlet is connected to the first cavity, and the other end of the air inlet is connected to the second cavity. The air guide hole is connected to the second cavity. The base, the first support plate, and the second support plate are fixedly connected.

3. The test fixture of claim 2, wherein, The air inlet penetrates the second support plate, and the outer diameter of the air inlet is greater than or equal to 33 mm and less than or equal to 46 mm.

4. The test fixture of claim 2, wherein, The air guide hole penetrates the second support plate, and the outer diameter of the air guide hole is greater than or equal to 15 mm and less than or equal to 17 mm.

5. The test tooling of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, The fixing component includes: A fixing part is fixedly connected to the loading assembly. The fixing part is provided with the first cavity. The first cavity includes a first through hole, which penetrates the fixing part and communicates with the air inlet of the airflow channel. A fixing strip is disposed on the side of the fixing part away from the load assembly. The side of the fixing strip close to the load assembly abuts against the fixing part, and the fixing strip is fixedly connected to the load assembly. Multiple fixing blocks are arranged around the outer surface of the fixing part, the fixing part is fixedly connected to the loading assembly, and the side of the fixing block near the fixing part abuts against the fixing part.

6. The test fixture of claim 5, wherein, The fixing part includes a plurality of fixing plates, which are arranged around the outer surface of the battery cell to be tested; The fixing plate has multiple slots on the side near the battery cell to be tested. The slots extend along the height direction of the fixing plate and penetrate the fixing plate. The slots are located on the inner wall of the first through hole.

7. The test tooling of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, The test fixture also includes a pressure relief component, which is used to release the gas generated when the battery cell under test undergoes thermal runaway. The pressure relief component is disposed on the carrier component and is fixedly connected to the carrier component. The pressure relief component and the fixing component are spaced apart along the length of the load-carrying component, and the pressure relief component is connected to the air outlet of the airflow channel.

8. The test fixture of claim 7, wherein, The pressure relief assembly includes: The mounting plate includes a first mounting sub-plate and a second mounting sub-plate disposed opposite to each other along the width direction of the cargo assembly, and both the first mounting sub-plate and the second mounting sub-plate are fixedly connected to the cargo assembly; A baffle is located between the first mounting sub-plate and the second mounting sub-plate, with one end of the baffle inserted into the first mounting sub-plate and the other end of the baffle inserted into the second mounting sub-plate; A pressure relief plate is disposed on the side of the baffle away from the fixing component. The pressure relief plate is located between the first mounting sub-plate and the second mounting sub-plate. The end of the pressure relief plate near the baffle is rotatably connected to the first mounting sub-plate and the second mounting sub-plate, and the pressure relief plate covers the air outlet.

9. The test fixture of claim 8, wherein, The cargo-carrying assembly has the air outlet, which includes a first sub-hole and a second sub-hole, and the first sub-hole and the second sub-hole are spaced apart along the width direction of the pressure relief plate. Wherein, the distance between the first sub-hole and the air inlet is less than the distance between the second sub-hole and the air inlet, and the outer circle diameter of the first sub-hole is greater than or equal to the outer circle diameter of the second sub-hole.

10. The test fixture of claim 8, wherein, The pressure relief assembly further includes a spring assembly, the spring assembly comprising: A first spring tube is disposed between the first mounting sub-plate and the pressure relief plate. One end of the first spring tube is fixedly connected to the first mounting sub-plate, and the other end of the first spring tube is connected to the end of the pressure relief plate away from the baffle. A second spring tube is disposed between the second mounting sub-plate and the pressure relief plate. One end of the second spring tube is fixedly connected to the second mounting sub-plate, and the other end of the second spring tube is connected to the end of the pressure relief plate away from the baffle. When the gas pressure generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell under test exceeds a predetermined threshold, the pressure relief plate rotates between one end and the mounting plate, the first and second spring tubes are compressed, and the other end of the pressure relief plate moves away from the load assembly.

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