Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide extraction device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a dendrobium officinale polysaccharide extraction device. According to the technical key points, the device comprises a crushing mechanism for crushing dendrobium officinale; the polysaccharide release mechanism is connected with the crushing mechanism and is used for releasing polysaccharide in a binding state in the dendrobium officinale; the separation mechanism is connected with the polysaccharide release mechanism and is used for separating polysaccharide from other components; wherein a recycling mechanism is further arranged between the separating mechanism and the smashing mechanism, the two ends of the recycling mechanism communicate with the separating mechanism and the smashing mechanism correspondingly, the recycling mechanism comprises a filter screen, the filter screen is used for filtering separated residues, and the recycling mechanism transfers the residues on the filter screen into the smashing mechanism. The device has the advantages that the recovery mechanism enables the dendrobium officinale which is not completely crushed to return to the crushing mechanism for secondary crushing through back flushing, so that polysaccharide in the dendrobium officinale can be fully extracted; and part of disintegrating slag of which the polysaccharide is completely crushed or completely extracted enters the impurity removal mechanism to be removed together with other non-polysaccharide components.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of pharmaceutical technology, and in particular to a device for extracting polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale. Background Technology

[0002] Dendrobium officinale is a precious traditional Chinese medicine belonging to the Orchidaceae family. Due to its extremely high medicinal value and demanding growing conditions, its price has remained high for a long time. The main active ingredient in Dendrobium officinale is Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide.

[0003] The processing of Dendrobium officinale polysaccharides can not only improve the utilization rate of Dendrobium officinale, but also make more different preparations and expand the scope of application. In the existing technology, extraction and purification are generally carried out by centrifugation. First, Dendrobium officinale is crushed and then the bound polysaccharides are released by ultrasound. Then, the released polysaccharides are separated from other components by centrifugation and further utilized.

[0004] Chinese Patent CN20948427U discloses a micro-pulverization extraction device for polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale. The device includes a pulverizing unit and an extraction unit, connected to the extraction unit. The pulverizing unit is equipped with a weighing device and a control device. The weighing device is installed at the lower end of the pulverizing unit and electrically connected to the control device. The extraction unit includes a mixing device, an ultrasonic device, and a filtering device. One end of the mixing device is connected to the pulverizing device, and the other end is connected to the ultrasonic device. The ultrasonic device is connected to the filtering device. The mixing device includes an extract delivery device connected to the mixing device. The control device controls the extract delivery device. This method can fully utilize the extract during the extraction process, thereby reducing waste and saving costs. However, in the actual extraction process of Dendrobium officinale, some of the polysaccharides are not completely pulverized, forming larger fragments. These fragments are difficult to mix thoroughly with the extract, which is not conducive to subsequent release and separation. In other words, a small amount of polysaccharides in the extracted Dendrobium officinale is still wasted. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, this utility model provides a device for extracting polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is: a Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide extraction device, comprising:

[0007] A crushing mechanism is used to crush Dendrobium officinale.

[0008] A polysaccharide release mechanism, connected to the pulverizing mechanism, is used to release bound polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale;

[0009] A separation mechanism, connected to the polysaccharide releasing mechanism, is used to separate polysaccharides from other components;

[0010] The separation mechanism includes a purification mechanism below it, and a recovery mechanism between it and the separation mechanism. The recovery mechanism includes a transfer pipe with its two ends connected to the separation mechanism and the purification mechanism, respectively. A filter screen is installed on the transfer pipe. A recovery pipe and a rinsing mechanism are installed on both sides of the transfer pipe and above the filter screen, respectively. The end of the recovery pipe is connected to the crushing mechanism. The rinsing mechanism is used to flush away the debris on the filter screen and allow it to enter the crushing mechanism along the recovery pipe. Both ends of the transfer pipe are equipped with discharge valves.

[0011] By adopting the above scheme: after the polysaccharides are crushed, released and separated, they enter the impurity removal tank for purification. The larger Dendrobium officinale residue is washed away by the washing mechanism on the filter screen and carried by the water flow back to the crushing mechanism through the recovery pipe, where it is crushed again. Then, the release and separation operations are repeated to ensure that the polysaccharides inside can be fully extracted, thereby ensuring the polysaccharide extraction rate and reducing material waste.

[0012] Furthermore, the rinsing mechanism includes a water pump, and the lowest point of both the water pump and the recovery pipe is flush with the filter screen.

[0013] By adopting the above solution, the flush recovery pipe and filter screen can prevent the debris from accumulating at the drop point, so that the debris can be completely flushed into the recovery pipe, thereby ensuring the complete circulation of debris and thus ensuring the recovery rate of debris, thereby further reducing material waste.

[0014] Furthermore: the crushing mechanism includes a feeding hopper and a crusher, the crusher is located inside the feeding hopper, and a feed inlet communicating with the polysaccharide releasing mechanism is provided below the crusher, and a feed valve is provided at the feed inlet.

[0015] By adopting the above scheme, the feeding valve can control the opening time of the feeding port, thereby controlling the amount of Dendrobium officinale entering the polysaccharide release mechanism each time. This makes it easier to more accurately control the mixing time of the extract, thus maximizing the utilization efficiency of the extract and preventing waste to a certain extent.

[0016] Furthermore, the polysaccharide release mechanism includes a mixing tank, the tank body of which is provided with an injection hole, through which the extract is injected into the mixing tank, and the mixing tank is also provided with a stirring assembly.

[0017] By adopting the above scheme, the stirring component can fully mix the extract with Dendrobium officinale, which is conducive to accelerating the full release of polysaccharides and thus improving the extraction efficiency of polysaccharides.

[0018] Furthermore, the stirring assembly includes a motor, and an agitator and an ultrasonic generator are mounted on the output shaft of the motor.

[0019] By adopting the above scheme, the rotation of the stirring paddle in the mixing tank can accelerate the mixing of Dendrobium officinale and the extract, thereby making the extract and Dendrobium officinale more fully mixed, while the ultrasonic generator can release ultrasonic waves to accelerate the release process of polysaccharides and further improve the extraction rate.

[0020] Furthermore: the separation mechanism includes a separation chamber, inside which a centrifugal assembly is installed, and the bottom of the separation chamber is connected to the discharge port.

[0021] By adopting the above scheme: the separation chamber separates polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale into a solution, then filters them through a filter screen via a recovery pipe before entering the discharge port, and finally enters the impurity removal mechanism for subsequent operations.

[0022] In summary, this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] The recycling mechanism uses backflushing to return any Dendrobium officinale that has not been completely crushed to the crushing mechanism for secondary crushing, thereby ensuring that the polysaccharides in Dendrobium officinale can be fully extracted. The fragments that have already been completely crushed or from which the polysaccharides have been completely extracted will enter the impurity removal mechanism to be removed along with other non-polysaccharide components.

[0024] Since the filtered residue is damp and highly adhesive, rinsing with water ensures that the residue is thoroughly washed away and does not adhere to the wall, thus guaranteeing the residue recovery rate. The fact that the recovery pipe is flush with the filter screen also prevents the residue from accumulating at the drop point, further ensuring the recovery rate. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide extraction device provided by this utility model.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide extraction device provided by this utility model.

[0027] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0028] 1. Crushing mechanism; 11. Feeding hopper; 12. Crusher; 13. Feed inlet; 14. Feed valve; 2. Polysaccharide release mechanism; 21. Mixing tank; 22. Liquid injection hole; 23. Stirring assembly; 231. Motor; 232. Stirring paddle; 3. Separation mechanism; 31. Discharge valve; 32. Separation chamber; 33. Centrifuge assembly; 4. Recovery mechanism; 41. Filter screen; 42. Recovery pipe; 43. Washing mechanism; 431. Water pump; 5. Impurity removal mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0030] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide extraction device includes: a crushing mechanism 1 for crushing Dendrobium officinale, the crushing mechanism 1 including a feeding hopper 11 and a crusher 12, the crusher 12 being located inside the feeding hopper 11, the crusher 12 can crush Dendrobium officinale into small pieces, thereby making it easier to release and extract the polysaccharides inside, thus improving the extraction efficiency of polysaccharides, a feed inlet 13 connected to the polysaccharide release mechanism 2 is provided below the crusher 12, a feed valve 14 is provided at the feed inlet 13, the feed valve 14 can control the opening time, thereby controlling the amount of Dendrobium officinale added each time, so as to adjust the amount of extract added each time, making the use efficiency of the extract higher;

[0031] like Figure 2 As shown, the polysaccharide release mechanism 2, connected to the crushing mechanism 1, is used to release bound polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale. The polysaccharide release mechanism 2 includes a mixing tank 21, with an injection hole 22 on the tank body. The extract is injected into the mixing tank 21 through the injection hole 22. The extract can accelerate the conversion of bound polysaccharides in Dendrobium officinale into free polysaccharides, thereby increasing the extraction speed of polysaccharides. The mixing tank 21 is also equipped with a stirring component 23, which fully mixes the crushed Dendrobium officinale with the extract, allowing the extract to fully contact the residue and improve the extraction rate of polysaccharides. The stirring component includes a motor 231, with a stirring paddle 232 and an ultrasonic generator mounted on the output shaft of the motor 231. The stirring paddle 232 stirs the extract and Dendrobium officinale residue in the mixing tank, while the ultrasonic generator generates ultrasonic waves during this process, thereby accelerating the polysaccharide release process in another way. The combination of the two allows Dendrobium officinale to release more polysaccharides in a shorter time.

[0032] like Figure 2As shown, the separation mechanism 3 is connected to the polysaccharide release mechanism 2 and is used to separate polysaccharides from other components. The separation mechanism 3 includes a separation chamber 32, inside which a centrifugal assembly 33 is installed. The core of the centrifugal assembly 33 is a rotating disk set at the bottom of the separation chamber. When the rotating disk rotates, the mixture rotates with the rotating disk in the separation chamber 32. The free polysaccharides in the residue are thrown out and dissolved in the liquid. As the centrifugal assembly 33 works, solid-liquid separation is finally achieved, so that the polysaccharides will not return to the residue, but will dissolve in the solution, thereby realizing the extraction of polysaccharides. Subsequently, only the solution needs to be purified to obtain solid high-purity polysaccharides.

[0033] The above-mentioned mechanisms are interconnected, so that Dendrobium officinale is first crushed to facilitate polysaccharide extraction, then the polysaccharide is changed from a bound state to a free state, and finally the free polysaccharide is separated from Dendrobium officinale by centrifugation and enters the solution. Further processing is then carried out to obtain polysaccharides with higher purity from the solution.

[0034] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a purification mechanism 5 is located below the separation mechanism 3, and a recovery mechanism 4 is located between the purification mechanism 5 and the separation mechanism 3. The purification mechanism 5 can further process the polysaccharide-containing solution after separation to remove impurities and cause the polysaccharides to precipitate as solids, thereby obtaining polysaccharide powder with high purity. The recovery mechanism 4 can recover larger Dendrobium officinale fragments that are insoluble in the solution, and reprocess them through crushing, release, and separation to extract the polysaccharides that are not soluble in the solution, thereby improving the polysaccharide extraction rate and reducing the concentration of impurities. To minimize material waste, the recovery mechanism 4 includes a transfer pipe connected at both ends to the separation mechanism 3 and the impurity removal mechanism 5, respectively. A filter screen 41 is installed on the transfer pipe, which quickly separates the residue from the solution. The residue that is extracted more completely is generally smaller in volume, so it can pass through the filter screen 41 along with the solution and be subsequently removed by the impurity removal tank. At this point, only the larger, incompletely extracted residue remains on the filter screen 41. This residue can be further extracted a second time to increase the proportion of polysaccharides in the residue, thereby improving the polysaccharide extraction efficiency. A recovery pipe 42 and a rinsing mechanism 43 are respectively installed on both sides of the pipe and above the filter screen 41. The end of the recovery pipe 42 is connected to the crushing mechanism 1. The connection with the crushing mechanism 1 allows the slag to directly enter the circulation, reducing material loss during intermediate transfer and saving materials. The rinsing mechanism 43 includes a water pump 431. The lowest point of the water pump 431 and the recovery pipe 42 are flush with the filter screen 41. The rinsing mechanism 43 is used to flush away the slag on the filter screen 41 and let it enter the crushing mechanism 1 along the recovery pipe 42. The flush setting can avoid the height difference between the filter screen 41 and the recovery pipe 42, thereby avoiding the accumulation of slag at the height difference and improving the recovery rate to a certain extent. Both ends of the transfer pipe are equipped with discharge valves 31. The discharge valves 31 can be closed during the rinsing process to prevent water from entering the separation mechanism 3 and the impurity removal mechanism 5, so that the water can only flow along the recovery pipe 42, thus ensuring that the water can carry the slag to the crushing mechanism 1. At the same time, it can also be opened during normal operation so that the entire extraction process can proceed normally.

[0035] The scope of protection of this utility model includes, but is not limited to, the above embodiments. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the claims. Any substitutions, modifications, or improvements to this technology that are easily conceived by those skilled in the art shall fall within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A device for extracting polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale, characterized in that, include: Crushing mechanism (1) is used to crush Dendrobium officinale; The polysaccharide release mechanism (2) is connected to the crushing mechanism (1) and is used to release the bound polysaccharides in Dendrobium officinale; The separation mechanism (3) is connected to the polysaccharide release mechanism (2) and is used to separate polysaccharides from other components; Among them, a cleaning mechanism (5) is provided below the separation mechanism (3), and a recycling mechanism (4) is also provided between the cleaning mechanism (5) and the separation mechanism (3). The recycling mechanism (4) includes a transfer pipe with its two ends connected to the separation mechanism (3) and the cleaning mechanism (5) respectively. A filter screen (41) is provided on the transfer pipe. A recycling pipe (42) and a rinsing mechanism (43) are respectively provided on both sides of the transfer pipe and above the filter screen (41). The end of the recycling pipe (42) is connected to the crushing mechanism (1). The rinsing mechanism (43) is used to flush away the debris on the filter screen (41) and enter the crushing mechanism (1) along the recycling pipe (42). Both ends of the transfer pipe are provided with discharge valves (31).

2. The Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide extraction device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The rinsing mechanism (43) includes a water pump (431), and the lowest point of both the water pump (431) and the recovery pipe (42) is flush with the filter screen (41).

3. The Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide extraction device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing mechanism (1) includes a feeding hopper (11) and a crusher (12). The crusher (12) is located inside the feeding hopper (11). Below the crusher (12) is a feed inlet (13) that communicates with the polysaccharide release mechanism (2). A feed valve (14) is provided at the feed inlet (13).

4. The Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide extraction device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The polysaccharide release mechanism (2) includes a mixing tank (21), and the mixing tank (21) has an injection hole (22) on its body. The extract is injected into the mixing tank (21) through the injection hole (22). The mixing tank (21) is also equipped with a stirring assembly (23).

5. The Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide extraction device as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The stirring assembly (23) includes a motor (231), on which a stirring paddle (232) and an ultrasonic generator are mounted.

6. The Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide extraction device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The separation mechanism (3) includes a separation chamber (32), inside which a centrifugal assembly (33) is installed, and the bottom of the separation chamber (32) is connected to the discharge port.

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