Structural combination capable of realizing parallel construction of vertical frame and tunneling

Abstract

The utility model discloses a structure combination capable of achieving vertical frame and tunneling parallel construction. The structure combination comprises a rack, a tunneling mechanism and a vertical arch mechanism. The tunneling mechanism is arranged at the front end of the rack and can move in the length and width directions of the rack, the vertical arching mechanism is arranged on at least one side of the rack in a sliding mode, and a slag discharging channel is arranged below the rack or on at least one side of the rack; the construction efficiency is greatly improved by achieving parallel operation of excavation, erecting and deslagging, and compared with a traditional sequential construction mode, the overall construction period can be shortened. Due to the fact that a plurality of procedures are carried out at the same time, waiting time in the construction process is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tunnel construction technology, and in particular to a structural combination that enables parallel construction of frame erection and tunneling. Background Technology

[0002] In traditional tunnel construction, the erection of the tunnel frame and the tunneling operation are usually carried out sequentially. The tunneling operation is carried out first, and after the tunnel has been excavated to a certain length, the erection of the tunnel frame is carried out to support the tunnel.

[0003] From a technical standpoint, this construction method currently suffers from the following main drawbacks:

[0004] Construction takes a long time. Erecting the scaffold often requires a significant amount of time, resulting in a slow overall construction progress.

[0005] Construction and installation are inefficient. Large lifting equipment is typically required to install each arch individually during the erection process, which is complex and inefficient.

[0006] Interference with tunneling and muck removal operations. Because the erection of the arch frame requires multiple interruptions due to the need to install multiple sections of the arch frame one by one, there is a significant discontinuity. Tunneling operations have to be suspended, making it impossible to carry out the two operations in parallel. Similarly, muck removal operations become difficult due to the obstruction of the erection frame, affecting the overall continuity of construction.

[0007] The main reasons for these defects are as follows: First, the limitations of technology, with a lack of equipment that can simultaneously meet the needs of erection and tunneling; second, the unreasonable arrangement of the construction process, which does not fully consider the synergy between the two; and third, the limitations of traditional equipment, which cannot operate efficiently in the narrow tunnel space. Utility Model Content

[0008] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a structural combination that enables parallel construction of erection and tunneling, addressing the above-mentioned shortcomings. This solves the problem that traditional construction techniques cannot achieve parallel construction of erection and tunneling operations, and also solves the problem that the muck removal operation in traditional construction techniques becomes difficult due to the obstruction of the erection, affecting the overall continuity of construction.

[0009] This utility model is achieved through the following solution:

[0010] A structural assembly that enables parallel construction of erection and tunneling includes a platform, a tunneling mechanism, and an arch erection mechanism; the tunneling mechanism is located at the front end of the platform, and a muck discharge channel is provided below the platform or at least on one side;

[0011] A first translation mechanism and a second translation mechanism are provided between the tunneling mechanism and the platform. The tunneling mechanism is hinged to the second translation mechanism. The first translation mechanism includes a sliding beam slidably disposed within the platform. A propulsion mechanism for driving the sliding beam to slide is provided within the platform. The second translation mechanism is disposed on the sliding beam and is used to drive the tunneling mechanism to move left and right.

[0012] Based on the above-mentioned structural combination that enables parallel construction of frame erection and tunneling, a first swing mechanism is provided between the second translation mechanism and the tunneling mechanism. The first swing mechanism is used to drive the tunneling mechanism to swing up and down.

[0013] Based on the above-mentioned structural combination that enables parallel construction of erection and tunneling, the tunneling mechanism includes a second swing mechanism hinged to the second translation mechanism. The second swing mechanism is hinged to a tunneling arm and is used to drive the tunneling arm to swing left and right. The second swing mechanism includes a connecting frame hinged to the second translation mechanism. The tunneling arm is mounted on the connecting frame. Swing cylinders are hinged to both sides of the connecting frame, and the other end of the swing cylinders is hinged to the second translation mechanism.

[0014] Based on the above-mentioned structural combination that enables parallel construction of the erection frame and tunneling, the tunneling arm includes a first frame hinged to the connecting frame, a second frame hinged to the first frame, and a breaker hammer hinged to the second frame. The first swing mechanism is used to drive the first frame, the second frame, and the breaker hammer to swing up and down. The first swing mechanism includes a first hydraulic cylinder hinged between the connecting frame and the first frame, a second hydraulic cylinder hinged between the first frame and the second frame, and a third hydraulic cylinder hinged between the second frame and the breaker hammer.

[0015] Based on the above-mentioned structural combination that enables parallel construction of the erection frame and tunneling, the arch erection mechanism includes a telescopic arm, the movable end of which is connected to a pitch adjustment seat; an auxiliary support arm is hinged to the movable end of the telescopic arm, and the auxiliary support arm and the movable end of the telescopic arm are also equipped with fine-tuning cylinders; a first rotary reducer and a first rotating seat are provided on the end of the auxiliary support arm away from the movable end of the telescopic arm; a second rotary reducer and a second rotating seat are provided on the side wall of the end of the first rotating seat away from the auxiliary support arm, and a gripper assembly and a suspended platform are provided on the second rotating seat.

[0016] Based on the above-mentioned structural combination that enables parallel construction of erection and tunneling, a slag discharge mechanism is set in the slag discharge channel. The slag discharge mechanism includes an auxiliary excavator arm and a material conveying system set at the front end of the platform. The transport vehicle moves to the end of the material conveying system, and the auxiliary excavator arm pushes the slag generated during tunneling to the front end of the material conveying system. The material conveying system automatically transports the slag to the transport vehicle, which then moves it out of the tunnel.

[0017] Based on the above-mentioned structural combination that enables parallel construction of the erection frame and tunneling, the material conveying system discharges slag from the bottom of the platform; or discharges slag from at least one side of the platform; or first discharges slag from the bottom of the platform, and then discharges slag through the platform from at least one side of the platform.

[0018] This solution discloses another structural combination that enables parallel construction of the erection frame and tunneling, including a platform, an arch erection mechanism, and a tunneling mechanism; the arch erection mechanism is slidably mounted on at least one side of the platform, and the tunneling mechanism is located at the front end of the platform;

[0019] At least two tunneling mechanisms are installed on the platform. The tunneling mechanism is connected to a horizontal swing mechanism, and the horizontal swing mechanism is connected to a vertical swing mechanism. The vertical swing mechanism is used to drive the tunneling mechanism to swing up and down, and the horizontal swing mechanism is used to drive the vertical swing mechanism and the tunneling mechanism to swing left and right as a whole.

[0020] Based on the above-mentioned structural combination that enables parallel construction of erection and tunneling, a rotary mechanism is also included. The rotary mechanism is connected between the horizontal swing mechanism and the vertical swing mechanism. The rotary mechanism is used to drive the vertical swing mechanism and the tunneling mechanism to rotate around the axis of the rotary mechanism by a corresponding angle.

[0021] Based on the above-mentioned structural combination that enables parallel construction of frame erection and tunneling, the rotary mechanism includes a vertical rotary table connected to the vertical swing mechanism, the vertical rotary table is connected to a rotary motor, and the rotary motor is mounted on the horizontal swing mechanism.

[0022] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0023] 1. This application enables parallel operations of excavation, frame erection, and muck removal, greatly improving construction efficiency and shortening the overall construction cycle compared to traditional sequential construction methods. This is because the excavation mechanism can simultaneously perform the next cycle of excavation while the arch erection mechanism is being erected, and the muck removal mechanism can also simultaneously perform muck removal operations during excavation, reducing waiting time during construction.

[0024] 2. Enhanced adaptability of the equipment to complex construction environments. The sliding and telescopic tunneling boom and arch mechanism can be flexibly adjusted according to different construction spaces and working face shapes, ensuring effective operation in various complex underground engineering environments.

[0025] 3. It enables parallel construction of the erection frame and tunneling, greatly improving construction efficiency and shortening the construction cycle. Through the coordination of the sliding arch arms on both sides and the sliding and 360-degree rotating arch arm in the middle, the erection frame operation can be carried out simultaneously with the tunneling operation without interference.

[0026] 4. Improved construction safety. Since large lifting equipment is no longer needed for scaffolding operations, safety hazards during construction are reduced. At the same time, the stable structural assembly provides a safer working environment for construction workers.

[0027] 5. Facilitates slag removal operations and ensures construction continuity. The platform-type unit design makes slag removal operations more convenient and efficient, without being hindered by the erection of the frame.

[0028] 6. High adaptability. The structural combination of this scheme can be adjusted according to different tunnel sizes and construction requirements, and has wide applicability. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of Example 1;

[0030] Figure 2 This is an internal schematic diagram of the structure in Example 1 (the tunneling mechanism is omitted).

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 1 from another perspective;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure between the tunneling mechanism and the first swing mechanism in Example 1;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the arch mechanism in Example 1;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a side view of the arch mechanism in Example 1;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the tunneling mechanism in Example 2;

[0036] Figures 8-9 This is a schematic diagram of the tunneling mechanism from another perspective in Example 2;

[0037] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the slag removal mechanism;

[0038] Figure label:

[0039] 100. Platform; 101. Arch erection mechanism; 110. Platform; 120. Support frame; 200. Tunneling mechanism; 210. Second swing mechanism; 211. Connecting frame; 212. Swing cylinder; 220. Tunneling arm; 221. First frame; 222. Second frame; 223. Breaker; 300. First translation mechanism; 310. Sliding beam; 320. Propulsion mechanism; 330. Slide rail; 400. Second translation mechanism; 410. Lateral seat; 420. Lateral mechanism; 500. First swing mechanism; 510. First cylinder; 520. Second cylinder; 530. Third cylinder; 1. Guide rail; 2. Sliding trolley; 3. Telescopic arm; 6. Grab assembly; 7. Suspended basket; 21. Hydraulic motor; 23. Rotary table; 24. Deflection cylinder; 31. Fixed arm; 32. 1. Movable boom; 33. Second drive source; 231. Pitch cylinder; 311. Auxiliary support arm; 312. Fine-tuning cylinder; 313. First rotary reducer; 314. First rotary seat; 315. Second rotary reducer; 316. Second rotary seat; 8200. Horizontal swing mechanism; 8210. First cylinder; 8220. Horizontal rotating table; 8230. Mounting support; 8300. Vertical swing mechanism; 8310. Boom; 8320. Second cylinder; 8330. Third cylinder; 8340. Linkage assembly; 8341. Hinge shaft; 8342. First connecting rod; 8343. Second connecting rod; 8410. Hydraulic breaker; 8420. Chisel; 8500. Vertical rotary table; 5000. Auxiliary excavator arm; 6000. Material conveying system; 7000. Transport vehicle. Detailed Implementation

[0040] All features disclosed in this specification, or all steps in all disclosed methods or processes, may be combined in any way, except for mutually exclusive features and / or steps.

[0041] Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any appended claims and abstract) may be replaced by other equivalent or similar features, unless specifically stated otherwise. That is, unless specifically stated otherwise, each feature is merely one example of a series of equivalent or similar features.

[0042] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a predetermined orientation, or be constructed and operated in a predetermined orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0043] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] like Figures 1-6 As shown, this utility model provides a technical solution:

[0046] A structural assembly capable of parallel construction of erection and tunneling includes, but is not limited to, a platform 100, a tunneling mechanism 200, and an arch erection mechanism 101; the tunneling mechanism 200 is located at the front end of the platform 100 and can move along the length and width of the platform 100; the arch erection mechanism is located at at least one side of the platform 100; and a slag discharge channel is provided below or at least on one side of the platform 100.

[0047] Based on the above structure, in this scheme, the support frame 100 serves as the main support for the entire structure. Its design facilitates the setting of the muck discharge channel below, ensuring that muck discharge vehicles or equipment can pass smoothly. The arch erection mechanism and the tunneling mechanism 200 are respectively set above and to the side of the support frame 100. On the one hand, this avoids mutual interference between the two during the sliding process, and on the other hand, it provides assembly space for the components required for sliding. At the same time, using a single mechanical structure can realize the functions of erection, tunneling, and muck discharge, which can avoid the waiting time caused by using independent equipment in traditional processes, and greatly improves construction efficiency.

[0048] As an example, a tunneling mechanism 200 is provided on one side of the platform 100, and a drive assembly is provided on the platform 100. The drive assembly is used to drive the tunneling mechanism 200 to perform working movements, including up-and-down swinging and left-and-right movement.

[0049] In this embodiment, by directly integrating the tunneling mechanism 200 onto the platform 100, and using the drive component to drive the tunneling mechanism 200 to perform up-and-down swinging and left-and-right movement, the tunneling mechanism 200 has multi-degree-of-freedom movement function. While the platform 100 remains stationary, the range of movement of the tunneling mechanism 200 for excavation operations can be guaranteed. Therefore, it can replace the tunneling machine for operation, reducing the cost of the entire unit and improving construction efficiency.

[0050] It should be noted that the platform 100 is equipped with a corresponding number of robotic arms on its top and sides to meet the needs of arch erection, rock drilling, and anchor bolt installation, demonstrating a high degree of integration and meeting the requirements of multi-functional construction. When excavation requires forward or backward movement, the entire platform 100, equipped with sprockets, can move back and forth, thereby driving the tunneling mechanism 200 to move forward or backward.

[0051] As an optional implementation, the drive assembly includes a second translation mechanism 400, the tunneling mechanism 200 is hinged to the second translation mechanism 400, and a first swing mechanism 500 is provided between the second translation mechanism 400 and the tunneling mechanism 200. The first swing mechanism 500 is used to drive the tunneling mechanism 200 to swing up and down, and the second translation mechanism 400 is used to drive the tunneling mechanism 200 to move left and right.

[0052] In this embodiment, when excavating in the tunnel, the first swing mechanism 500 can drive the tunneling mechanism 200 to swing up and down, thereby achieving excavation in the vertical direction. The second translation mechanism 400 can drive the tunneling mechanism 200 to move left and right, thereby achieving excavation in the horizontal direction. Through the coordinated operation of the second translation mechanism 400 and the first swing mechanism 500, the tunneling mechanism 200 can perform various working movements individually or simultaneously, thus meeting the excavation requirements of complex movements.

[0053] As an optional implementation, the drive assembly also includes a first translation mechanism 300 disposed within the platform 100. The first translation mechanism 300 is used to drive the second translation mechanism 400 and the tunneling mechanism 200 to move back and forth as a whole. The first translation mechanism 300 includes a sliding beam 310 slidably disposed within the platform 100. A propulsion mechanism 320 is disposed within the platform 100 to drive the sliding beam 310 to slide. The second translation mechanism 400 is disposed on the sliding beam 310.

[0054] In this embodiment, the first translation mechanism 300 can drive the second translation mechanism 400 and the tunneling mechanism 200 to move back and forth as a whole, thereby realizing the feeding and excavation of the tunnel. When excavation is not required, the tunneling mechanism 200 can be retracted into the platform 100 to make room for other mechanical parts to work. When the tunneling mechanism 200 needs to move forward or backward, the propulsion mechanism 320 drives the sliding beam 310 to move forward or backward within the platform 100, which in turn drives the second translation mechanism 400 on the sliding beam 310 to move forward or backward synchronously with the tunneling mechanism 200, realizing the automatic operation of feeding or retracting the tunneling mechanism 200. Therefore, through the coordinated cooperation of the first translation mechanism 300, the second translation mechanism 400, and the first swing mechanism 500, the excavation needs of more complex actions can be met, further improving the adaptability.

[0055] It should be noted that the propulsion mechanism 320 can adopt a telescopic hydraulic cylinder, sprocket drive, or gear drive structure, as long as it can drive the sliding beam 310 to move linearly; there should be no restriction here. The aforementioned forward and backward movement is parallel to the tunnel excavation direction, while the left and right movement is perpendicular to the forward and backward movement in the horizontal direction.

[0056] As an optional implementation, the two inner sidewalls of the platform 100 are provided with slide rails 330, and the sliding beam 310 is slidably disposed between the two slide rails 330. The slide rails 330 guide the sliding beam 310 to slide, resulting in low wear and stable operation.

[0057] As an optional implementation, the second translation mechanism 400 includes a transverse seat 410 slidably disposed on the sliding beam 310, the tunneling mechanism 200 is hinged to the transverse seat 410, and a transverse mechanism 420 is disposed on the side end of the sliding beam 310. The transverse mechanism 420 is used to drive the transverse seat 410 to slide along the sliding beam 310.

[0058] In this embodiment, when it is necessary to move the tunneling mechanism 200 left or right to adjust the excavation width position, the transverse mechanism 420 drives the transverse seat 410 to slide left or right on the sliding beam 310, thereby causing the tunneling mechanism 200 on the transverse seat 410 to move synchronously and realize automatic left and right movement operation.

[0059] It should be noted that the transverse sliding seat 410 can be slidably connected to the side end of the sliding beam 310 via a sliding assembly, or the transverse sliding seat 410 can be a frame structure, thus slidingly fitted onto the sliding beam 310, making it difficult to detach and ensuring structural stability and reliability. Similarly, the transverse sliding mechanism 420 can adopt a telescopic hydraulic cylinder, sprocket drive, or gear drive structure.

[0060] As an optional implementation, the tunneling mechanism 200 includes a second swing mechanism 210 hinged to the second translation mechanism 400. The second swing mechanism 210 is hinged to the tunneling arm 220 and is used to drive the tunneling arm 220 to swing left and right.

[0061] In this embodiment, the tunneling mechanism 200 performs rock drilling operations via the tunneling arm 220, and also has a built-in second swing mechanism 210 that can drive the tunneling arm 220 to swing left and right, thereby adapting to a certain width of excavation range. There is no need to frequently operate the second translation mechanism 400 to drive the tunneling arm 220 to move left and right. Therefore, the tunneling arm 220 can be moved significantly in the tunnel width direction by the second translation mechanism 400, while the tunneling arm 220 can be moved slightly in the tunnel width direction by the second swing mechanism 210. This reasonable and effective coordination can improve construction efficiency.

[0062] As an optional implementation, the second swing mechanism 210 includes a connecting frame 211 hinged to the second translation mechanism 400, a tunneling arm 220 disposed on the connecting frame 211, and swing cylinders 212 hinged to both sides of the connecting frame 211, with the other end of the swing cylinders 212 hinged to the second translation mechanism 400.

[0063] In this embodiment, when the tunneling arm 220 needs to swing left and right, one swing cylinder 212 extends and the other swing cylinder 212 shortens accordingly, thereby driving the connecting frame 211 and the tunneling arm 220 to rotate to one side. When it is necessary to rotate to the other side, the two swing cylinders 212 can be extended and retracted in opposite directions, thereby realizing the swing control of the tunneling arm 220 to switch the rock drilling position.

[0064] It should be noted that the connecting bracket 211 should be hinged to the side of the transverse sliding seat 410, and the corresponding hinge structure should only support horizontal rotation.

[0065] As an optional implementation, the tunneling arm 220 includes a first frame 221 hinged to a connecting frame 211, a second frame 222 hinged to the first frame 221, and a hydraulic breaker 223 hinged to the second frame 222. A first swing mechanism 500 is used to drive the first frame 221, the second frame 222, and the hydraulic breaker 223 to swing up and down. The hydraulic breaker 223 can be either a conventional piston-impact hydraulic breaker 223 or a high-frequency hydraulic breaker 223. Generally, unless the rock strata are too hard, the excavation efficiency of a high-frequency hydraulic breaker 223 is higher than that of a conventional piston-impact hydraulic breaker 223.

[0066] In this embodiment, the tunneling arm 220 can move in multiple joints through the first frame 221 and the second frame 222. With the driving action of the first swing mechanism 500, the breaker hammer 223 can accurately perform rock drilling operations at the excavation location.

[0067] As an optional implementation, the first swing mechanism 500 includes a first cylinder 510 hinged between the connecting frame 211 and the first frame 221, a second cylinder 520 hinged between the first frame 221 and the second frame 222, and a third cylinder 530 hinged between the second frame 222 and the breaker hammer 223.

[0068] In this embodiment, the first hydraulic cylinder 510 can control the first frame 221 to swing up and down, the second hydraulic cylinder 520 can control the second frame 222 to swing up and down, and the third hydraulic cylinder 530 can control the breaker hammer 223 to swing up and down, thereby making graded and gradual adjustments to achieve flexible movement of the entire tunneling arm 220.

[0069] As an optional implementation, the platform 100 includes a platform 110, with two support frames 120 disposed at the bottom of the platform 110, and a drive assembly disposed between the two support frames 120. A working space is formed between the platform 110 and the two support frames 120, which can be used for other construction operations, thereby facilitating the simultaneous execution of multiple tasks and improving work efficiency.

[0070] The arch erecting mechanism may include a guide rail 1, a sliding trolley 2, a telescopic arm 3, and a gripper assembly 6. In this embodiment, the gripper assembly 6 is used to grip the arch frame;

[0071] The sliding trolley 2 is slidably mounted on the guide rail 1. A hydraulic motor 21 is installed on the sliding trolley 2, and rollers are located at its bottom. The rollers roll in contact with the guide rail 1. The hydraulic motor 21 drives the rollers to rotate via a chain, thereby driving the sliding trolley 2 to move on the guide rail 1. A hydraulic station is also installed on the sliding trolley 2 to provide hydraulic power to the entire robotic arm.

[0072] Optionally, a rotary table 23 is rotatably mounted on the sliding trolley 2, and a telescopic arm 3 is hinged to the rotary table 23, allowing the telescopic arm 3 to deflect up and down. A deflection cylinder 24 is provided between the sliding trolley 2 and the rotary table 23. The piston rod of the deflection cylinder 24 is hinged to the side wall of the rotary table 23. The extension and retraction of the piston rod of the deflection cylinder 24 can drive the rotary table 23 to rotate in the horizontal plane, thereby causing the entire telescopic arm 3 to deflect left and right.

[0073] The telescopic arm 3 is capable of extending or retracting. The telescopic arm 3 includes a fixed arm 31 and a movable arm 32. One end of the fixed arm 31 is hinged to the rotary table 23, and the movable arm 32 is slidably disposed within the fixed arm 31 along its length. A second drive source 33 for driving the movable arm 32 to slide is provided on the fixed arm 31. The second drive source 33 is a second hydraulic cylinder 520 mounted on the fixed arm 31, and the piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder 520 is hinged to the movable arm 32. To ensure smooth movement of the movable arm 32, two second hydraulic cylinders 520 can be provided.

[0074] A pitch cylinder 231 is provided between the rotary table 23 and the telescopic arm 3. Specifically, the piston rod of the pitch cylinder 231 is hinged to the bottom wall of the fixed arm 31. The pitch cylinder 231 can drive the fixed arm 31 to pitch up or down.

[0075] An auxiliary support arm 311 is hinged to the movable end of the telescopic arm 3. The auxiliary support arm 311 and the movable end of the telescopic arm 3 are also equipped with a fine-tuning cylinder 312. The angle between the auxiliary support arm 311 and the movable end of the telescopic arm 3 is adjusted by the fine-tuning cylinder 312.

[0076] A first rotary reducer 313 and a first rotating seat 314 are provided at the end of the auxiliary support arm 311 away from the movable end of the telescopic arm 3. The two ends of the first rotary reducer 313 are connected to the first rotating seat 314 and the auxiliary support arm 311 respectively. The angle of the first rotating seat 314 in the horizontal plane can be adjusted by the first rotary reducer 313, which facilitates the smoother erection of the frame.

[0077] A second rotary reducer 315 and a second rotary seat 316 are provided on the side wall of the end of the first rotary seat 314 away from the auxiliary support arm 311. A gripper assembly 6 is hinged to the second rotary seat 316. A suspended basket 7 can also be fixedly connected to the second rotary seat 316. The gripper assembly 6 in this solution is a conventional technical means. This solution is an improvement on it, so it will not be described in detail.

[0078] like Figure 9 As shown, in this scheme, a slag discharge mechanism is set in the slag discharge channel. The slag discharge mechanism includes an auxiliary excavator arm 5000 set at the front end of the platform and a material conveying system 6000. When the transport vehicle moves to the end of the material conveying system, the auxiliary excavator arm pushes the slag generated during excavation to the front end of the material conveying system. The material conveying system automatically transports the slag to the transport vehicle 7000, which then moves it out of the tunnel.

[0079] The material conveying system discharges slag from the bottom of the platform; or from at least one side of the platform; or first discharges slag from the bottom of the platform, and then discharges slag through the platform from at least one side of the platform.

[0080] During muck removal operations, the tunneling operation uses a tunneling mechanism located at the front end of the platform to excavate the left and right sides of the tunnel face. At this time, the muck removal mechanism consists of an auxiliary excavator arm and a material conveying system located at the front end of the platform. The transport vehicle moves to the end of the material conveying system, and the auxiliary excavator arm pushes the muck produced during tunneling to the front end of the material conveying system. The material conveying system automatically transports the muck into the transport vehicle, which then moves it out of the tunnel. The material conveying system can be a conveyor belt structure driven by a power mechanism.

[0081] In this design, the material conveying system can perform slag removal from the bottom of the platform; or from at least one side of the platform; or first remove slag from the bottom of the platform, and then remove slag from at least one side of the platform. Since slag tends to accumulate at the bottom of the working face, the material conveying system can quickly collect slag at the bottom of the platform. Furthermore, to avoid interference with the rear components of the platform, the material conveying system is configured in a "Z" shape, removing slag from the platform first, then passing through the side of the platform, and finally removing slag from the side of the platform. This allows for more efficient slag removal.

[0082] This solution enables automatic slag removal from both sides of the trolley via a slag removal mechanism, allowing it to adapt to different construction environments. Since no access channel is required at the bottom of the trolley, the trolley can be made smaller.

[0083] This solution improves muck removal efficiency: In existing technologies, the coordination between the muck loader and the transport vehicle is often limited by the large size of the integrated unit, resulting in low muck removal efficiency. This solution aims to optimize system design to achieve simultaneous and efficient tunneling and muck removal operations, reducing waiting time and operational interference.

[0084] Meanwhile, this solution enhances the parallel operation capability of the slag loading machine and the integrated unit: Under the complex working conditions of integrated unit construction, the slag loading machine is difficult to operate in parallel with the integrated unit, limiting the improvement of slag removal efficiency. This solution aims to enhance the collaborative operation capability between the slag loading machine and the integrated unit by optimizing the layout and movement method of the slag loading machine, thereby achieving efficient and continuous slag removal operations;

[0085] Meanwhile, this solution improves the system's adaptability to complex working conditions: the existing method of using a muck loader in conjunction with a transport vehicle for muck removal is poorly adapted to tunnels constructed by integrated units, making it difficult to meet the requirements of efficient tunneling. This solution aims to improve the system's adaptability to different tunnel cross-sections, tunneling speeds, and geological conditions through innovative design, ensuring the efficiency and stability of construction.

[0086] Example 2

[0087] This embodiment is similar to Embodiment 1, except that the tunneling mechanism 200 is different, such as... Figures 7-9 As shown, this utility model provides a technical solution:

[0088] At least two tunneling mechanisms 200 are provided on the platform 100. Each tunneling mechanism 200 is connected to a horizontal swing mechanism 8200. The tunneling mechanism 200 may include two horizontal swing mechanisms 8200 provided on the platform 100. Each horizontal swing mechanism 8200 is connected to a vertical swing mechanism 8300. Each vertical swing mechanism 8300 is connected to the tunneling mechanism 200. The vertical swing mechanism 8300 is used to drive the tunneling mechanism 200 to swing up and down, and the horizontal swing mechanism 8200 is used to drive the vertical swing mechanism 8300 and the tunneling mechanism 200 to swing left and right as a whole.

[0089] In this embodiment, the traditional single tunneling arm 220 is improved to two or more tunneling mechanisms 200. However, setting multiple tunneling mechanisms 200 requires consideration of mutual interference, necessitating a redesign of the connection structure between the tunneling mechanism 200 and the platform 100. Since the space does not support the sliding movement of the tunneling arm 220 after installing two or more tunneling mechanisms 200, the forward and backward, left and right sliding structure of the single tunneling arm 220 is eliminated. Instead, the horizontal swing mechanism 8200 and the vertical swing mechanism 8300 drive the tunneling mechanism 200 to swing left and right and up and down. The movement of the tunneling mechanisms 200 allows for excavation operations within a certain range, avoiding interference while ensuring that the working range of multiple tunneling mechanisms 200 covers the construction area. Furthermore, multiple tunneling mechanisms 200 can operate simultaneously. Compared to single-arm tunneling machines or traditional tunneling methods, this allows for the breaking of more rock or soil per unit time. In tunnel excavation with larger cross-sections, different locations can be broken simultaneously, accelerating construction progress. The space between the tunneling mechanisms 200 allows the muck loader bucket to pass through and haul away muck during excavation, effectively improving construction efficiency. When facing complex geological conditions, such as uneven rock hardness or the presence of multiple geological structures, the working positions and angles of different tunneling mechanisms 200 can be adjusted to enhance adaptability and flexibility. One tunneling mechanism 200 can handle harder sections while another handles softer sections, ensuring continuous progress. Therefore, the operation of multiple tunneling mechanisms 200 during excavation allows for a more balanced stress distribution on the machine. Reducing machine tilting caused by excessive force on one side helps improve the accuracy and stability of tunneling, resulting in better tunnel forming quality and increased emergency response capabilities. If one tunneling mechanism 200 malfunctions, the other tunneling mechanisms 200 can still continue to work, reducing the impact of equipment failure on the overall project progress.

[0090] It should be noted that the platform 100 here has a frame structure, with a certain space and operating platform inside. The horizontal swing mechanism 8200 should be set on the side of the operating platform inside the platform 100 that is closer to the construction direction.

[0091] As an optional implementation, a rotary mechanism is also included, which is connected between the horizontal swing mechanism 8200 and the vertical swing mechanism 8300. The rotary mechanism is used to drive the vertical swing mechanism 8300 and the tunneling mechanism 200 to rotate around the axis of the rotary mechanism by a corresponding angle.

[0092] In this embodiment, by setting a slewing mechanism, the tunneling mechanism 200 can also rotate at a certain angle in the vertical plane, thereby enabling tunneling at different angles and further improving the flexibility of the excavation operation.

[0093] As an optional implementation, the rotary mechanism includes a vertical rotary table 8500 connected to the vertical swing mechanism 8300, and the vertical rotary table 8500 is connected to a rotary motor (not shown in the figure), which is mounted on the horizontal swing mechanism 8200.

[0094] In this embodiment, when a rotation operation is required, the vertical rotary table 8500 is driven to rotate a certain angle by the rotary motor, thereby causing the vertical swing mechanism 8300 and the tunneling mechanism 200 to automatically rotate a certain angle in the vertical plane. Here, the rotary motor can be a servo motor, which can precisely control the speed and direction to meet the usage requirements.

[0095] As an optional implementation, the horizontal swing mechanism 8200 includes a fourth hydraulic cylinder hinged to the frame 100, the fourth hydraulic cylinder being hinged to a horizontal rotating platform 8220, the horizontal rotating platform 8220 being rotatably connected to the frame 100, and a rotary mechanism being connected to the side of the horizontal rotating platform 8220 away from the fourth hydraulic cylinder.

[0096] In this embodiment, when the tunneling mechanism 200 needs to swing left and right on the horizontal plane, the extension and retraction of the fourth hydraulic cylinder can drive the horizontal rotating table 8220 to swing on the platform 100 to a certain extent, thereby driving the rotary mechanism, the vertical swing mechanism 8300 and the tunneling mechanism 200 to swing synchronously as a whole, so as to achieve horizontal swing to the corresponding position to meet the needs of excavation operation.

[0097] As an optional implementation, a mounting bracket 8230 is fixedly installed on the platform 100, and the horizontal rotating table 8220 is rotatably connected within the mounting bracket 8230, thereby providing a certain degree of protection for moving parts such as the horizontal rotating table 8220. It should be noted that the horizontal rotating table 8220 can be a hollow structure, which can accommodate a rotary motor, resulting in a compact structure and space saving.

[0098] As an optional implementation, the vertical swing mechanism 8300 includes a boom 8310 hinged to one side of the slewing mechanism, the other end of the boom 8310 hinged to the tunneling mechanism 200, a fifth hydraulic cylinder hinged to both sides of the boom 8310, the other end of the fifth hydraulic cylinder hinged to the slewing mechanism, a sixth hydraulic cylinder hinged to the top of the boom 8310, a connecting rod assembly 8340 hinged to the sixth hydraulic cylinder, and the other end of the connecting rod assembly 8340 hinged to the tunneling mechanism 200.

[0099] In this embodiment, when the tunneling mechanism 200 needs to swing up and down, the extension and retraction of the fifth hydraulic cylinder can drive the boom 8310 to rotate around the hinge pin of the slewing mechanism by a certain angle, thereby causing the boom 8310 to drive the tunneling mechanism 200 to swing up and down significantly. At this time, the sixth hydraulic cylinder extends and retracts synchronously. When fine adjustment is needed, the extension and retraction of the sixth hydraulic cylinder and the transmission action of the connecting rod assembly 8340 can drive the tunneling mechanism 200 to rotate around the hinge pin of the boom 8310 by a certain angle, thereby causing the tunneling mechanism 200 to swing up and down slightly, achieving flexible up and down swing to meet more excavation needs.

[0100] As an optional implementation, the linkage assembly 8340 includes a second hinge shaft 8341 hinged to the sixth hydraulic cylinder. Two third links and a fourth link are simultaneously hinged to the second hinge shaft 8341. The other ends of the two third links are respectively hinged to both sides of the boom 8310, and the other end of the fourth link is hinged to the tunneling mechanism 200.

[0101] In this embodiment, when the sixth hydraulic cylinder extends or retracts to pull or push the second hinge shaft 8341, the third and fourth connecting rods move synchronously. The third connecting rod provides a certain support, thereby driving the tunneling mechanism 200 to swing accordingly.

[0102] As an optional implementation, the tunneling mechanism 200 includes a breaker 223 connected to a vertical swing mechanism 8300, with a chisel 8420 connected to the other end of the breaker 223, which is suitable for rock drilling operations.

[0103] As an optional implementation, two tunneling mechanisms 200 are provided, and the two tunneling mechanisms 200 are arranged left and right on one side of the platform 100. The number of tunneling mechanisms 200 should not be too many, otherwise it will increase the equipment cost and control difficulty. According to the current excavation operation and working space, setting two tunneling mechanisms 200 can meet the basic requirements. With the two tunneling mechanisms 200 arranged left and right, they can each be responsible for the excavation operation of their respective half of the working face, resulting in high construction efficiency.

[0104] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A structural combination that enables parallel construction of frame erection and tunneling, characterized in that: It includes a platform (100), a tunneling mechanism (200), and an arching mechanism (101); the tunneling mechanism is located at the front end of the platform (100), the arching mechanism is slidably located at at least one side of the platform (100), and a slag discharge channel is provided below the platform (100) or at least one side. A first translation mechanism (300) and a second translation mechanism (400) are provided between the tunneling mechanism (200) and the platform (100). The tunneling mechanism (200) is hinged to the second translation mechanism (400). The first translation mechanism (300) includes a sliding beam (310) slidably disposed in the platform (100). The platform (100) is provided with a propulsion mechanism (320) for driving the sliding beam (310) to slide. The second translation mechanism (400) is disposed on the sliding beam (310) and is used to drive the tunneling mechanism (200) to move left and right.

2. The structural combination for parallel construction of erection and tunneling as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A first swing mechanism (500) is provided between the second translation mechanism (400) and the tunneling mechanism (200), and the first swing mechanism (500) is used to drive the tunneling mechanism (200) to swing up and down.

3. The structural combination for parallel construction of erection and tunneling as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The tunneling mechanism (200) includes a second swing mechanism (210) hinged to the second translation mechanism (400). The second swing mechanism (210) is hinged to a tunneling arm (220). The second swing mechanism (210) is used to drive the tunneling arm (220) to swing left and right. The second swing mechanism (210) includes a connecting frame (211) hinged to the second translation mechanism (400). The tunneling arm (220) is mounted on the connecting frame (211). Swing cylinders (212) are hinged to both sides of the connecting frame (211). The other end of the swing cylinders (212) is hinged to the second translation mechanism (400).

4. The structural combination for parallel construction of erection and tunneling as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The tunneling arm (220) includes a first frame (221) hinged to the connecting frame (211), a second frame (222) hinged to the first frame (221), and a breaker hammer (223) hinged to the second frame (222). The first swing mechanism (500) is used to drive the first frame (221), the second frame (222) and the breaker hammer (223) to swing up and down. The first swing mechanism (500) includes a first cylinder (510) hinged between the connecting frame (211) and the first frame (221), a second cylinder (520) hinged between the first frame (221) and the second frame (222), and a third cylinder (530) hinged between the second frame (222) and the breaker hammer (223).

5. A structural combination capable of parallel construction of frame erection and tunneling as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The arch support mechanism includes a telescopic arm (3), the movable end of which is connected to a pitch adjustment seat; the movable end of the telescopic arm (3) is hinged to an auxiliary support arm (311), and the auxiliary support arm (311) and the movable end of the telescopic arm (3) are also provided with a fine-tuning cylinder (312); a first rotary reducer (313) and a first rotating seat (314) are provided on the end of the auxiliary support arm (311) away from the movable end of the telescopic arm (3); a second rotary reducer (315) and a second rotating seat (316) are provided on the side wall of the end of the first rotating seat (314) away from the auxiliary support arm (311), and a gripper assembly (6) and a basket (7) are provided on the second rotating seat (316).

6. A structural combination capable of parallel construction of erection and tunneling as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A slag discharge mechanism is provided in the slag discharge channel. The slag discharge mechanism includes an auxiliary excavator arm (5000) and a material conveying system (6000) located at the front end of the platform (100). The transport vehicle (7000) moves to the end of the material conveying system, and the auxiliary excavator arm (5000) pushes the slag generated during tunneling to the front end of the material conveying system (6000). The material conveying system (6000) automatically transports the slag to the transport vehicle (7000), and the transport vehicle (7000) moves it out of the tunnel.

7. The structural combination for parallel construction of erection and tunneling as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The conveying system (6000) discharges slag from the bottom of the frame (100); or discharges slag from at least one side of the frame (100); or discharges slag first from the bottom of the frame (100) and then through the frame (100) from at least one side of the frame (100).

8. A structural combination that enables parallel construction of frame erection and tunneling, characterized in that: It includes a platform (100), an arch erection mechanism (101), and a tunneling mechanism (200); the arch erection mechanism (101) is slidably mounted on at least one side of the platform (100), and the tunneling mechanism (200) is located at the front end of the platform (100); At least two tunneling mechanisms (200) are provided on the platform (100). The tunneling mechanism (200) is connected to a horizontal swing mechanism (8200), and the horizontal swing mechanism (8200) is connected to a vertical swing mechanism (8300). The vertical swing mechanism (8300) is used to drive the tunneling mechanism (200) to swing up and down, and the horizontal swing mechanism (8200) is used to drive the vertical swing mechanism (8300) and the tunneling mechanism (200) to swing left and right as a whole.

9. A structural combination as described in claim 8 that enables parallel construction of frame erection and tunneling, characterized in that: It also includes a rotary mechanism, which is connected between the horizontal swing mechanism (8200) and the vertical swing mechanism (8300). The rotary mechanism is used to drive the vertical swing mechanism (8300) and the tunneling mechanism (200) to rotate around the axis of the rotary mechanism by a corresponding angle.

10. The structural combination for parallel construction of erection and tunneling as described in claim 9, characterized in that: The rotary mechanism includes a vertical rotary table (8500) connected to the vertical swing mechanism (8300), and the vertical rotary table (8500) is connected to a rotary motor, which is disposed in the horizontal swing mechanism (8200).

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