7379 results about "Quantum mechanics" patented technology

Methods of forming polysilicon layers are described. The methods include forming a high-density plasma from a silicon precursor in a substrate processing region containing the deposition substrate. The described methods produce polycrystalline films at reduced substrate temperature (e.g. <500° C.) relative to prior art techniques. The availability of a bias plasma power adjustment further enables adjustment of conformality of the formed polysilicon layer. When dopants are included in the high density plasma, they may be incorporated into the polysilicon layer in such a way that they do not require a separate activation step.

Described herein are improved configurations for a wireless power transfer. Described are methods and designs to reduce and manage heating and heat dissipation in resonator structures. Configuration and orientation of magnetic material as well as heat sinking material with respect to the dipole moment of the resonator is used to reduce and control thermal properties of the resonator structure and reduce the effects of heating on the performance of wireless power transfer.

A chemical vapor deposition process is carried out in a reactor chamber with an ion shower grid that divides the chamber into an upper ion generation region and a lower process region, the ion shower grid having plural orifices oriented in a non-parallel direction relative to a surface plane of the ion shower grid. A workpiece is placed in the process region facing the ion shower grid, the workpiece having a workpiece surface generally facing the surface plane of the ion shower grid. A gas mixture is furnished comprising deposition precursor species into the ion generation region and the process region is evacuated at an evacuation rate sufficient to create a pressure drop across the ion shower grid from the ion generation region to the process region whereby the pressure in the ion generation region is at least several times the pressure in the process region. A layer of material of a desired thickness is deposited on the workpiece by: (a) applying plasma source power to generate a plasma of the deposition precursor species in the ion generation region, and (b) applying a grid potential to the ion shower grid to create a flux of ions from the plasma through the grid and into the process region.

The present invention relates to detection of inorganic and biologic structures and / or disruption and / or augmentation functions of biologic structures using resonant acoustic and / or resonant acousto-EM energy.

There is elucidated a device (10) comprising first and second magnetic cores (30, 40; 30a, 30b, 30c, 40a, 40b, 40c) forming a magnetic circuit. The circuit includes a first set of electrical windings (300, 310) for magnetically coupling a first electrical signal through the device (10) via a first magnetic path (350) in the circuit. The circuit includes a second set of electrical windings (400, 410) for magnetically coupling a second electrical signal through the device (10) via a second magnetic path (450) in the circuit. The paths (350, 450) are partially spatially intersecting. The sets of windings (300, 310, 400, 410) are configured so that: (a) the first set of windings (300, 310) is sensitive to magnetic flux in the first magnetic path (350), and insensitive to magnetic flux in the second magnetic path (450); and (b) the second set of windings (400, 410) is sensitive to magnetic flux in the second magnetic path (450), and insensitive to magnetic flux in the first magnetic path (350). The first and second cores (30, 40; 30a, 30b, 30c, 40a, 40b, 40c) enable relative motion (50) there between whilst coupling the signals through the circuit. The device (10) is beneficially employed in a medical system (800).

In a pattern definition device for use in a particle-beam processing apparatus a plurality of apertures (21) are arranged within a pattern definition field (pf) wherein the positions of the apertures (21) in the pattern definition field (pf) taken with respect to a direction (X, Y) perpendicular, or parallel, to the scanning direction are offset to each other by not only multiple integers of the effective width (w) of an aperture taken along said direction, but also multiple integers of an integer fraction of said effective width. The pattern definition field (pf) may be segmented into several domains (D) composed of a many staggered lines (pl) of apertures; along the direction perpendicular to the scanning direction, the apertures of a domain are offset to each other by multiple integers of the effective width (w), whereas the offsets of apertures of different domains are integer fractions of that width.

A tunnel barrier in proximity with a layer of a rare earth element-transition metal (RE—TM) alloy forms a device that passes negatively spin-polarized current. The rare earth element includes at least one element selected from the group consisting of Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, and Yb. The RE and TM have respective sub-network moments such that the absolute magnitude of the RE sub-network moment is greater than the absolute magnitude of the TM sub-network moment. An additional layer of magnetic material may be used in combination with the tunnel barrier and the RE—TM alloy layer to form a magnetic tunnel junction. Still other layers of tunnel barrier and magnetic material may be used in combination with the foregoing to form a flux-closed double tunnel junction device.

A system for further enhancing speed, i.e. improving throughput in a SEM-type inspection apparatus is provided. An inspection apparatus for inspecting a surface of a substrate produces a crossover from electrons emitted from an electron beam source 25•1, then forms an image under a desired magnification in the direction of a sample W to produce a crossover. When the crossover is passed, electrons as noises are removed from the crossover with an aperture, an adjustment is made so that the crossover becomes a parallel electron beam to irradiate the substrate in a desired sectional form. The electron beam is produced such that the unevenness of illuminance is 10% or less. Electrons emitted from the sample W are detected by a detector 25•11.

A shielding method and apparatus for an antenna disposed on an elongated support adapted for disposal within a borehole. The shield providing predetermined attenuation of one or more electromagnetic energy field components as the field components interact with the shield. The shield composed of a flexible strip or cylindrical body and respectively comprising a transverse conductive element or a transverse slot therein. The shields being adapted to cover an antenna mounted on the support. The shields being compatible for use in conjunction with saddle, tilted coils or multi-layered tri-axial coils to produce a pure transverse magnetic dipole electromagnetic field. The shields are also used in methods for shielding an antenna disposed on a support to provide predetermined attenuation of an electromagnetic field component as the field components interact with the shield.

A spin-torque transfer magnetic random access memory (STTMRAM) element employed to store a state based on the magnetic orientation of a free layer, the STTMRAM element is made of a first perpendicular free layer (PFL) including a first perpendicular enhancement layer (PEL). The first PFL is formed on top of a seed layer. The STTMRAM element further includes a barrier layer formed on top of the first PFL and a second perpendicular reference layer (PRL) that has a second PEL, the second PRL is formed on top of the barrier layer. The STTMRAM element further includes a capping layer that is formed on top of the second PRL.

Circuitry and techniques designed to allow stable and continuous delivery of alternating power to a plasma with switch-mode power supply (16) include a variety of embodiments. Parallel, series, and other circuit elements connected across switching element (7) are tuned so that energy at other than the fundamental frequency is absorbed and dissipated. This energy may be only at the second harmonic or it may be across broad frequency ranges through selecting high impedance at the fundamental frequency and relatively low impedance at other frequencies. In overcoming instabilities, oscillations, and even changing class of operation of the switch-mode power supply, the stabilizing element absorbs the energy to avoid allowing it to affect switch (7) of power supply (16).

A position detection system for a detection object and a position detection method for a detection object that enable calibration without removing a detection object after the detection object is introduced into a detection space are provided. Provided are a magnetic-field generating unit (3) that generates a position-detection magnetic field; a detection object (5) including a resonant circuit (21) that generates a resonant magnetic field and an external-signal switch that connects or disconnects the path of the resonant circuit (21); a switch-controlling unit (7) that controls connecting or disconnecting of the external-signal switch; a position-detection-magnetic-field detecting unit (9) that detects the magnetic field strength of at least one of the position-detection magnetic field and the resonant magnetic field; and a position-calculating unit (11) that calculates the position and orientation of the detection object (5) based on a detection signal from the position-detection-magnetic-field detecting unit (9).

Interferometers and autocorrelator based sensors are disclosed that are configured to have multiple sample arms which can be scanned and the backscattered low coherence source light from a sample resolved in a single sweep of one or more variable delays of the sensor. Borescopes and catheters capable of scanning multiple sections or areas of materials and tissues using these sensors are described.