Resistance-increasing impact-resistant anchor rod

Abstract

The utility model discloses a resistance-increasing impact-resistant anchor rod which is used for anchoring surrounding rock and comprises a rod body, a sleeve is arranged on the rod body, external threads are arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the sleeve, an arch-shaped tray is sleeved on the sleeve, and a nut is screwed into the external threads of the sleeve to press the arch-shaped tray on the anchoring surrounding rock. Reinforcing damping sleeves are arranged on the rod body at intervals behind the sleeve, high-strength damping sleeves are arranged behind the reinforcing damping sleeves at intervals, and damping layers are arranged between the sleeve, the reinforcing damping sleeves and the rod body and between the high-strength damping sleeves and the rod body and used for damping relative movement of the sleeve, the reinforcing damping sleeves and the rod body after stress. The resistance between the high-strength damping sleeve and the rod body is larger than the resistance between the reinforcement damping sleeve and the rod body. Initial impact is buffered through the flexible rod body, resistance increasing and supporting strengthening are achieved through the reinforcement damping sleeve and the high-strength damping sleeve, impact pressure is buffered, and the impact resistance is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of coal mine support equipment, and in particular to a resistance-enhancing impact-resistant anchor bolt. Background Technology

[0002] The coal mining environment is undergoing profound changes. With increasing mining depth, the weight of the overlying strata supporting the roadways increases dramatically, leading to a significant rise in supporting stress. Simultaneously, the temperature of the underground rock strata rises, causing the surrounding rock to transition from brittle to ductile, which greatly increases the risk of roadway deformation and failure. Furthermore, geological conditions are becoming increasingly complex. In addition to the common relatively stable rock roadways, roadways with soft and fractured surrounding rock and those affected by mining are frequently appearing, placing extremely stringent demands on roadway support technology.

[0003] In traditional support techniques, constant-resistance large-deformation rock bolts are widely used. They can maintain a constant working resistance and adapt to large deformations as the surrounding rock deforms. However, constant-resistance large-deformation rock bolts have some limitations in practical applications. For example, when facing extremely complex geological conditions, such as rapid changes in surrounding rock properties or highly uneven stress distribution, the adaptability of constant-resistance large-deformation rock bolts is challenged. They struggle to accurately match the deformation requirements of the surrounding rock, resulting in a significant reduction in support effectiveness. Under strong impact pressure, the constant resistance of the constant-resistance large-deformation rock bolt may not be able to increase in time to resist the instantaneous huge impact force, leading to poor support performance.

[0004] Ordinary flexible anchors are made of flexible materials, giving them good elongation. They can undergo elastic deformation when the surrounding rock deforms, absorbing some energy and adapting to the deformation. However, ordinary flexible anchors lack an effective buffering mechanism. When faced with impact loads, they rely solely on the elastic deformation of the flexible rod to absorb energy. Once the impact energy exceeds the elastic deformation capacity of the rod, the anchor is prone to failure. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned defects or deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a drag-increasing impact-resistant anchor bolt, which can buffer the initial impact through the flexible rod body, and achieve increased drag and enhanced support through the force-increasing damping sleeve and the high-strength damping sleeve, thereby buffering the impact pressure and having stronger impact resistance.

[0006] The purpose of this utility model is achieved as follows:

[0007] A resistance-enhancing impact-resistant anchor bolt, used for embedding into surrounding rock to form an anchor to the surrounding rock, includes a rod body, a sleeve fitted on the rod body, a damping layer between the sleeve and the rod body, the damping layer being used to dampen the relative movement between the sleeve and the rod body under force, an external thread provided on the outer cylindrical surface of the sleeve, an arched tray fitted on the sleeve, a nut screwed into the external thread of the sleeve to press the arched tray onto the anchored surrounding rock, a force-enhancing damping sleeve fitted on the rod body following the sleeve, a damping layer also provided between the force-enhancing damping sleeve and the rod body, used to dampen the relative movement between the force-enhancing damping sleeve and the rod body under force.

[0008] Furthermore, a high-strength damping sleeve is provided at an interval after the force-increasing damping sleeve. A damping layer is also provided between the high-strength damping sleeve and the rod body to dampen the relative movement between the high-strength damping sleeve and the rod body under force. The interval between the force-increasing damping sleeve and the high-strength damping sleeve is in the range of 0-1000mm. The damping force of the relative movement between the high-strength damping sleeve and the rod body under force is greater than the damping force between the force-increasing damping sleeve and the rod body. This is used to limit the movement of the force-increasing damping sleeve and prevent it from falling off.

[0009] Furthermore, the interval between the sleeve and the force-increasing damping sleeve ranges from 0 to 1000 mm.

[0010] Furthermore, the damping layer is a friction plate sleeve, which is bonded and fixed to the rod body, and the friction plate sleeve is in extrusion contact with the sleeve, the force-increasing damping sleeve, and the high-strength damping sleeve.

[0011] Furthermore, the damping layer is formed by bonding and pressing steel sand between the sleeve, the force-increasing damping sleeve, and the rod.

[0012] Furthermore, the arched tray is a concave disc with the concave surface facing the surrounding rock.

[0013] Furthermore, multiple force-increasing damping sleeves are provided, and the interval between the multiple force-increasing damping sleeves ranges from 0 to 1000 mm.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: A resistance-enhancing impact-resistant anchor bolt, during the deformation and impact of surrounding rock, uses a flexible rod body to buffer the instantaneous impact through elastic deformation. The increased resistance and strengthened support are achieved through force-enhancing and high-strength damping sleeves, resulting in stronger impact resistance. In deep mining operations encountering high-intensity impact pressures, it effectively disperses and dissipates impact energy, preventing the anchor bolt from failing due to excessive impact force. During tunnel construction, if sudden deformation and small-scale collapse impacts occur in the surrounding rock, this utility model can rapidly increase the support force, prevent the collapse area from expanding, ensure the safety of construction personnel and equipment, and effectively solve the problem that existing anchor bolt support forces cannot be enhanced in real time.

[0015] The present invention will be further explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the utility model in use.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Rod body, 2. Sleeve, 3. Arched tray, 4. Nut, 5. Strength-enhancing damping sleeve, 6. High-strength damping sleeve, 7. Damping layer, 8. Surrounding rock. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Example 1:

[0020] A resistance-enhancing impact-resistant anchor bolt is used to embed into surrounding rock 8 in a roadway to form an anchor for the surrounding rock 8. It includes a rod body 1, on which a sleeve 2 is fitted. The sleeve 2 and the rod body 1 are fixed together by an interference fit under resistance. In this embodiment, the interference fit can be achieved by extruding with different bore diameters, or by providing a damping layer 7 between the sleeve 2 and the rod body 1. The damping layer 7 is used to dampen the relative movement between the sleeve 2 and the rod 1 under stress. An external thread is provided on the outer cylindrical surface of the sleeve 2. An arched tray 3 is fitted onto the sleeve 2, and a nut 4 is screwed into the external thread of the sleeve 2 to press the arched tray 3 onto the anchored surrounding rock 8. A force-increasing damping sleeve 5 is fitted onto the rod body 1 following the sleeve 2. The force-increasing damping sleeve 5 and the rod body 1 are fixed together by an interference fit and resistance sliding. Similarly, the interference fit is achieved by a damping layer 7 between the force-increasing damping sleeve 5 and the rod body 1. The damping layer 7 is used to dampen the relative movement between the force-increasing damping sleeve 5 and the rod body 1 after being subjected to force.

[0021] To further enhance the resistance to movement of the damping sleeve 5 under force and prevent it from falling off after being moved under force, a high-strength damping sleeve 6 is provided after the enhanced damping sleeve 5. The high-strength damping sleeve 6 and the rod body 1 are fixed to each other by an interference fit under resistance. Similarly, the interference fit is achieved by providing a damping layer 7 between the high-strength damping sleeve 6 and the rod body 1. The damping layer 7 is used to dampen the relative movement between the high-strength damping sleeve 6 and the rod body 1 after being subjected to force. The interval between the enhanced damping sleeve 5 and the high-strength damping sleeve 6 is 0-1000mm.

[0022] In this embodiment, the damping layer is formed by bonding and pressing steel grit between the sleeve 2, the force-enhancing damping sleeve 5 and the rod 1, and the high-strength damping sleeve 6 and the rod 1.

[0023] The interference fit is achieved by assembling the sleeve 2, the force-enhancing damping sleeve 5, and the high-strength damping sleeve 6 with the rod body 1, such that the inner diameter of the sleeve 2, the force-enhancing damping sleeve 5, and the high-strength damping sleeve 6 is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the rod body 1, and then bonding and pressing steel sand into the sleeve 2 and the rod body 1 to form the interference fit.

[0024] The high-strength damping sleeve 6 primarily serves to enhance the overall impact resistance and prevent component detachment. Therefore, the damping force generated when the high-strength damping sleeve 6 and the rod 1 move relative to each other under stress is greater than the damping force generated when the reinforcing damping sleeve 5 moves relative to the rod 1 under stress. It is used to limit the movement of the reinforcing damping sleeve 5 and prevent it from detaching. This can be achieved not only by using high-strength steel for the high-strength damping sleeve 6, but also by applying greater pressure than the reinforcing damping sleeve 5 through the bonding and extrusion of the high-strength damping sleeve 6 and steel sand.

[0025] The interval between the sleeve 2 and the force-increasing damping sleeve 5 is 0-1000mm, wherein: multiple force-increasing damping sleeves 5 are provided, and the interval between multiple force-increasing damping sleeves 5 is 0-1000mm.

[0026] The arched tray 3 is a concave disc with the concave surface facing the surrounding rock.

[0027] The rod body 1 is a flexible rod made of high-strength steel to ensure basic load-bearing capacity. The arched tray 3 is installed at the end of the rod body 1 near the surface of the surrounding rock in the roadway. The nut 4 is tightened on the thread of the sleeve 2. By tightening the nut 4, pressure is applied to the arched tray 3, thereby generating prestress in the anchor rod and pressing the arched tray 3 tightly against the surface of the surrounding rock to provide initial support force.

[0028] During the deformation and impact of the surrounding rock, initially, the flexible rod 1 buffers the instantaneous impact through elastic deformation. When the pressure is too high, the sleeve 2 slides along the flexible rod 1 due to the deformation of the surrounding rock, continuing to release the impact pressure. When the sleeve 2 moves to contact the force-increasing damping sleeve 5, the resistance increases, resisting the instantaneously increased impact force. Until the sleeve 2 and the force-increasing damping sleeve 5 move together, continuously releasing the impact energy, when the sleeve 2 and the force-increasing damping sleeve 5 reach the high-strength damping sleeve 6, the high-strength damping sleeve 6 restricts the displacement and continuously increases the damping force.

[0029] The force-increasing damping sleeve 5 is a key component for achieving the increased resistance function. When the surrounding rock deforms and generates impact, as the sleeve 2 displaces under the impact, the interaction between the force-increasing damping sleeve 5 and the sleeve 2 gradually strengthens. The force-increasing damping sleeve 5 generates increasingly larger damping forces, which are converted into increased resistance on the entire anchor bolt, thereby achieving the increased resistance effect of the anchor bolt during impact. In other words, the greater the impact energy and the more severe the deformation of the surrounding rock, the greater the increased resistance provided by the force-increasing damping sleeve 5, effectively dispersing and consuming the impact energy and preventing the anchor bolt from failing due to excessive impact force.

[0030] As the deformation and impact of the surrounding rock intensify, the impact-increasing core component (sleeve 2, arched tray 3, and nut 4) moves together with the force-increasing damping sleeve 5 and comes into contact with the high-strength damping sleeve 6. The high-strength damping sleeve 6 then quickly comes into play. Through its tight-fitting structure, it firmly locks the impact-increasing core component, preventing further displacement. Simultaneously, the high-strength damping sleeve 6, made of high-strength material, possesses a higher load-bearing capacity than traditional anchor bolts. When working in conjunction with the force-increasing damping sleeve 5 and the bolt body 1, it can effectively resist powerful impact loads, ensuring that the anchor bolt can still provide reliable support for the surrounding rock under extreme conditions.

[0031] Example 2:

[0032] This embodiment is another implementation of Example 1, the difference being that the damping layer is a friction plate sleeve, which is bonded and fixed to the rod body 1, and the friction plate sleeve is in extrusive contact with the sleeve 2, the force-enhancing damping sleeve 5, and the high-strength damping sleeve 6. The friction plate sleeve is made of a known friction material, such as the friction plate material used in automotive clutches.

[0033] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and not to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the preferred arrangement, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of this utility model.

Claims

1. A resistance-enhancing impact-resistant anchor bolt, used for embedding into surrounding rock (8) to form an anchorage to the surrounding rock (8), comprising a rod body (1), characterized in that, A sleeve (2) is fitted onto the rod (1), and a damping layer (7) is provided between the sleeve (2) and the rod (1). The damping layer (7) is used to dampen the relative movement between the sleeve (2) and the rod (1) after being subjected to force. An external thread is provided on the outer cylindrical surface of the sleeve (2), and an arched tray (3) is fitted onto the sleeve (2). A nut (4) is screwed into the external thread of the sleeve (2) to press the arched tray (3) onto the anchored surrounding rock (8). A force-enhancing damping sleeve (5) is fitted onto the rod (1) after the sleeve (2). A damping layer (7) is also provided between the force-enhancing damping sleeve (5) and the rod (1) to dampen the relative movement between the force-enhancing damping sleeve (5) and the rod (1) after being subjected to force.

2. The resistance-enhancing impact-resistant anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that, A high-strength damping sleeve (6) is provided at intervals after the force-increasing damping sleeve (5). A damping layer (7) is also provided between the high-strength damping sleeve (6) and the rod (1) to dampen the relative movement between the high-strength damping sleeve (6) and the rod (1) after being subjected to force. The interval between the force-increasing damping sleeve (5) and the high-strength damping sleeve (6) is 0-1000mm. The damping force of the relative movement between the high-strength damping sleeve (6) and the rod (1) after being subjected to force is greater than the damping force between the force-increasing damping sleeve (5) and the rod (1). This is used to limit the movement of the force-increasing damping sleeve (5) and prevent the force-increasing damping sleeve (5) from falling off.

3. The resistance-enhancing impact-resistant anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interval between the sleeve (2) and the force-increasing damping sleeve (5) is 0-1000mm.

4. The resistance-enhancing impact-resistant anchor bolt according to claim 2, characterized in that, The damping layer (7) is a friction plate sleeve, which is bonded and fixed to the rod body (1). The friction plate sleeve is in contact with the sleeve (2), the force-increasing damping sleeve (5), and the high-strength damping sleeve (6).

5. The resistance-enhancing impact-resistant anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that, The damping layer (7) is formed by bonding and pressing steel sand between the sleeve (2), the force-increasing damping sleeve (5) and the rod (1).

6. The resistance-enhancing impact-resistant anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that, The arched tray (3) is a concave disc with the concave surface facing the surrounding rock.

7. The resistance-enhancing impact-resistant anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple force-increasing damping sleeves (5) are provided, and the interval between multiple force-increasing damping sleeves (5) is 0-1000mm.

Images