Motor and refrigeration equipment

Abstract

The utility model discloses a motor and refrigeration equipment relates to refrigeration equipment technical field, the motor includes rotor and stator, the rotor includes permanent magnet, the magnetic pole direction of permanent magnet and the axial direction of permanent magnet form the included angle alpha, the height of permanent magnet in the axial direction is L1, and the height of the permanent magnet in the axial direction is 2nd. The number of pole pairs of the permanent magnet is p, the outer diameter of the permanent magnet is D1, the stator comprises a stator iron core, stator grooves are formed in the stator iron core, the height of the stator iron core in the axial direction is L2, the outer diameter of the stator iron core is D2, and the number of the stator grooves is Z; according to the technical scheme provided by the utility model, the vibration noise of the motor is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of refrigeration equipment, and in particular to a motor and refrigeration equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Permanent magnet synchronous motors are widely used in the electrical appliance field. However, due to their high power density and torque density, problems such as motor vibration and noise are inevitable. Utility Model Content

[0003] The main purpose of this invention is to provide a motor and a refrigeration device that aim to reduce the vibration and noise of the motor.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the motor proposed in this utility model includes:

[0005] The rotor includes a permanent magnet, the angle between the magnetic pole direction of the permanent magnet and the axial direction of the permanent magnet is α, the height of the permanent magnet in the axial direction is L1, the number of pole pairs of the permanent magnet is p, and the outer diameter of the permanent magnet is D1;

[0006] The stator includes a stator core, the stator core having stator slots, the stator core having an axial height of L2, the stator core having an outer diameter of D2, and the stator core having a number of slots of Z.

[0007] in, 1.05×L1≤L2≤2.5×L1.

[0008] In one embodiment, the thickness of the permanent magnet along its radial direction is W1, and the thickness of the stator core along its radial direction is W2, where 0.17×W2≤W1≤0.34×W2.

[0009] In one embodiment, the stator core includes a stator yoke and stator teeth. Each stator tooth includes a tooth body and a tooth shoe. A plurality of tooth bodies are spaced apart on the outer peripheral wall of the stator yoke. Each tooth shoe is connected to the side of the tooth body facing away from the stator yoke. The shortest distance between two adjacent tooth shoes is s.

[0010] In one embodiment, the permanent magnet is a magnetic ring, and the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic ring is used to connect with the wind turbine assembly.

[0011] In one embodiment, the permanent magnet is a magnetic tile, the rotor includes a rotor yoke and the magnetic tile, the magnetic tile is spaced apart on the inner peripheral surface of the rotor yoke, and the outer peripheral surface of the rotor yoke is used to connect with the wind turbine assembly.

[0012] In one embodiment, the stator core includes a plurality of core units, which are connected end to end in a ring to form the stator core.

[0013] In one embodiment, the core unit comprises Z units.

[0014] In one embodiment, the magnetic pole direction of the permanent magnet is inclined in a clockwise direction along the permanent magnet.

[0015] In one embodiment, the magnetic pole direction of the permanent magnet is tilted counterclockwise along the permanent magnet.

[0016] This utility model also proposes a refrigeration device, including the motor described above.

[0017] The motor in this utility model includes a rotor and a stator. The rotor includes a permanent magnet, the angle between the magnetic pole direction and the axial direction of the permanent magnet is α, the height of the permanent magnet in the axial direction is L1, the number of pole pairs of the permanent magnet is p, and the outer diameter of the permanent magnet is D1. The stator includes a stator core, the stator core has stator slots, the height of the stator core in the axial direction is L2, the outer diameter of the stator core is D2, and the number of stator slots is Z. L1×tanα represents the projected length of the permanent magnet poles along the rotor circumference, thus weakening tooth harmonics, reducing the harmonic content of the air gap magnetic field, and also reducing the radial electromagnetic force corresponding to the tooth harmonics, thereby significantly reducing motor vibration and noise. A reasonable setting of the range of L1×tanα allows the permanent magnet flux to pass more concentratedly through the air gap into the stator, thereby reducing internal leakage flux in the rotor, improving the utilization rate of the permanent magnet, and increasing the motor's output torque and power density. However, if... This will lead to uneven distribution of air gap magnetic flux density, resulting in increased harmonic content, and consequently, increased iron losses and noise in the motor. And if... This can lead to periodic misalignment between the magnetic pole edges and stator teeth, causing strong tooth harmonics and torque pulsation, resulting in significant motor vibration. 1.05×L1≤L2≤2.5×L1. When L2≥1.05×L1, it indicates that the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet has sufficient cross-sectional area to pass through the stator core along the axial path. This reduces the possibility of local saturation of the magnetic flux at the stator core ends due to insufficient cross-sectional area, and reduces the problem of increased leakage flux and decreased efficiency caused by magnetic field accumulation at the rotor ends. This allows the magnetic flux to fully enter the stator core, reducing leakage flux at the rotor ends and concentrating the magnetic field in the effective working area, thereby improving magnetic field utilization. When L2≤2.5×L1, this limits the height of the stator core, preventing an unnecessary increase in magnetic reluctance due to an excessively long magnetic path, and also preventing an excessively long heat dissipation path. This results in a moderate magnetic path length, ensuring efficient magnetic field transmission and reducing magnetic field attenuation caused by an excessively long core. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the motor provided by this utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Side view of the permanent magnet when it is a magnetic tile;

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a permanent magnet in the middle section when it is a magnetic ring;

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the middle stator;

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure from another perspective when the permanent magnet is a magnetic ring;

[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Another structural diagram of the permanent magnet in the middle when it is a magnetic tile;

[0025] Figure 7 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle magnetic tile and the rotor yoke;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the wind turbine assembly.

[0027] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0028] 10. Permanent magnet; 10a. Magnetic ring; 10b. Magnetic tile; 10c. Rotor yoke; 20. Stator core; 20a. Core unit; 21. Stator slot; 22. Stator yoke; 23. Stator tooth; 231. Tooth body; 232. Tooth shoe; 30. Wind turbine assembly.

[0029] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this utility model will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0031] It should be noted that if the embodiments of this utility model involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0032] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this utility model involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the use of "and / or" or "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions. For example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

[0033] Reference Figures 1 to 4 This utility model proposes an electric motor, comprising:

[0034] The rotor includes a permanent magnet 10, the angle between the magnetic pole direction of the permanent magnet 10 and the axial direction of the permanent magnet 10 is α, the height of the permanent magnet 10 in the axial direction is L1, the number of pole pairs of the permanent magnet 10 is p, and the outer diameter of the rotor is D1.

[0035] The stator includes a stator core 20, the stator core 20 is provided with stator slots 21, the height of the stator core 20 in the axial direction is L2, the outer diameter of the permanent magnet 10 is D2, and the number of stator slots 21 is Z.

[0036] in, 1.05×L1≤L2≤2.5×L1.

[0037] The motor in this utility model includes a rotor and a stator. The rotor includes a permanent magnet 10, the angle between the magnetic pole direction of the permanent magnet 10 and its axial direction is α, the height of the permanent magnet 10 in the axial direction is L1, the number of pole pairs of the permanent magnet 10 is p, and the outer diameter of the rotor is D1. The stator includes a stator core 20, stator slots 21 are provided on the stator core 20, the height of the stator core 20 in the axial direction is L2, the outer diameter of the stator core 20 is D2, and the number of stator slots 21 is Z. L1×tanα represents the projected length of the permanent magnet 10 poles in the rotor circumference, thus weakening tooth harmonics, reducing the harmonic content of the air gap magnetic field, and also reducing the radial electromagnetic force corresponding to the tooth harmonics, thereby significantly reducing motor vibration and noise. A reasonable setting of the range of L1×tanα allows the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 10 to pass through the air gap more concentratedly into the stator, thereby reducing internal magnetic leakage in the rotor, improving the utilization rate of the permanent magnet 10, and increasing the motor's output torque and power density. However, if... This will lead to uneven distribution of air gap magnetic flux density, resulting in increased harmonic content, and consequently, increased iron losses and noise in the motor. And if... This will cause periodic misalignment between the magnetic pole edge and the stator teeth 23, resulting in strong tooth harmonics and torque pulsation, and significant motor vibration. 1.05×L1≤L2≤2.5×L1. When L2≥1.05×L1, it indicates that the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 10 has sufficient cross-sectional area to pass through the stator core 20 along its axial path. This reduces the local saturation of the magnetic flux at the ends of the stator core 20 due to insufficient cross-sectional area, reduces the problem of increased leakage flux and decreased efficiency caused by magnetic field accumulation at the rotor ends, and allows the magnetic flux to fully enter the stator core 20, reducing leakage flux at the rotor ends and concentrating the magnetic field in the effective working area, thereby improving magnetic field utilization. When L2≤2.5×L1, this limits the height of the stator core 20, avoiding an unnecessary increase in magnetic reluctance due to an excessively long magnetic path, and preventing an excessively long heat dissipation path. This ensures a moderate magnetic path length, guaranteeing efficient magnetic field transmission and reducing magnetic field attenuation caused by an excessively long core.

[0038] Furthermore, While significantly reducing motor vibration and noise, it also reduced magnetic field utilization and motor performance. Therefore, by adjusting 1.05×L1≤L2≤2.5×L1, the magnetic field utilization was improved, thus enhancing motor performance and enabling the motor to meet the demands of actual operation while reducing noise.

[0039] It should be noted that the permanent magnet 10 can take two forms: magnetic tile 10b and magnetic ring 10a. When the permanent magnet 10 is a magnetic tile 10b, angle α is the tilt angle of the magnetic tile 10b. See the attached diagram for details. Figure 2 The number of magnetic tiles 10b in a single permanent magnet 10 divided by 2 is p; when the permanent magnet 10 is a magnetic ring 10a structure, by attaching a magnetic pole observation plate to the inner circumferential wall of the magnetic ring 10a and then observing under a uniform light source, magnetic powder will accumulate along the magnetic field lines, forming alternating bright and dark stripes. The boundary between adjacent stripes is the magnetic pole boundary line, and the number of magnetic pole boundary lines divided by 2 is p. The tilt angle of the magnetic pole boundary line is α.

[0040] The stator core includes a stator yoke 22 and stator teeth 23. The stator teeth 23 are located on the outer peripheral wall of the stator yoke 22. Two adjacent stator teeth 23 and the stator yoke 22 enclose each other to form a stator slot 21. Therefore, the number of stator teeth 23 and the number of stator slots 21 in the stator core 20 are the same. So, by observing the number of stator teeth 23 in the stator core 20, we can determine the number of stator slots 21, Z.

[0041] Furthermore, the thickness of the permanent magnet 10 along its radial direction is W1, and the thickness of the stator core 20 along its radial direction is W2, where 0.17×W2≤W1≤0.34×W2. This ensures that the magnetomotive force of the permanent magnet 10 matches the magnetic reluctance of the stator core 20, thereby achieving the optimal air gap magnetic flux density and improving output torque and power density. Simultaneously, it ensures that the cross-sectional area of ​​the stator core 20 is sufficient, reducing the sharp increase in iron loss and efficiency decrease caused by local magnetic saturation. Furthermore, W1 within this range ensures that the thickness of the permanent magnet 10 is sufficient, and the magnetic flux is more concentrated in the air gap rather than leaking through the rotor yoke 10c, thus improving magnetic energy utilization. This results in a more reasonable distribution of the permanent magnet 10 and windings, i.e., a reasonable electromagnetic load design, allowing the motor to perform optimally within this size, thereby improving the motor's stability, reliability, and efficiency.

[0042] If W1 < 0.17 × W2, the air gap magnetic flux density will decrease, leading to a drop in the motor's output torque and power density. This necessitates increased current compensation, resulting in increased copper losses and reduced efficiency. Furthermore, it increases the proportion of magnetic flux leakage through the rotor yoke 10c, reducing the utilization rate of the permanent magnet 10. Additionally, the thin permanent magnet 10 is prone to irreversible demagnetization under high loads or temperatures, further reducing the motor's reliability and stability. Conversely, if W1 > 0.34 × W2, the magnetic flux density exceeds the silicon steel sheet saturation limit, easily leading to a sharp increase in iron losses, decreased efficiency, and uncontrolled temperature rise. This also results in excessive use of permanent magnet 10 material, increasing motor costs and diminishing marginal returns on performance improvements. Simultaneously, an excessively thin stator core 20 leads to insufficient structural strength and deteriorated heat dissipation, further reducing motor reliability.

[0043] Furthermore, the range of 0.17×W2≤W1≤0.34×W2 facilitates the production and manufacturing of permanent magnet 10 and stator core 20, thereby reducing the processing precision of permanent magnet 10 and stator core 20, simplifying the processing technology of permanent magnet 10 and stator core 20, and reducing the production and manufacturing cost of motor.

[0044] Wherein, W1 is the thickness of the permanent magnet 10 along its radial direction. The method of measuring W1 is as follows: select point A on the inner peripheral wall and point B on the outer peripheral wall of the permanent magnet 10 respectively. Points A and B are set opposite each other, and the extension lines of points A and B pass through the center of the permanent magnet 10. Then measure the minimum distance between points A and B, which is W1.

[0045] The thickness of stator core 20 along its radial direction is measured as follows: Point M on the side of the toothed shoe 232 away from the tooth body 231 is selected, and point N on the side of the stator yoke 22 away from the tooth body 231 is selected. Points M and N are set opposite each other, and the extension lines of points M and N pass through the center of the stator core 20. Points M and N should not be selected at the two ends of the toothed shoe 232 and the stator yoke 22 in the circumferential direction, because the two ends of the toothed shoe 232 and the stator yoke 22 in the circumferential direction have chamfers, which will cause the actual value to be smaller. Then, the maximum distance between points M and N that meets the above requirements is measured, which is W2.

[0046] In one embodiment, the stator core 20 includes a stator yoke 22 and stator teeth 23. Each stator tooth 23 includes a tooth body 231 and tooth shoes 232. A plurality of tooth bodies 231 are spaced apart on the outer peripheral wall of the stator yoke 22. Each tooth shoe 232 is connected to the side of the tooth body 231 facing away from the stator yoke 22. The shortest distance between two adjacent tooth shoes 232 is s. Here, L1×tanα represents the projected length of the permanent magnet 10 poles in the rotor circumference, ensuring the magnetic field is fully coupled to the stator teeth 23, reducing magnetic leakage, improving the amplitude and uniformity of the air gap magnetic flux density, preventing the magnetic field from spreading to non-working areas due to excessive projection length, reducing magnetic field interference between adjacent poles or teeth 232, and suppressing local saturation and edge magnetic leakage. Furthermore, a reasonable projection length matching the tooth spacing 232 enhances the attenuation of tooth harmonics by the skewed poles, reduces the harmonic content in the air gap magnetic field, reduces periodic fluctuations in air gap permeability, and thus reduces electromagnetic vibration and noise, thereby improving the user experience. Setting L1×tanα within a reasonable range also makes the magnetic field distribution closer to a sinusoidal waveform, reducing torque pulsation and improving the smoothness of low-speed operation.

[0047] And if This results in the permanent magnet 10's magnetic field failing to effectively cover the gap between the toothed shoes 232, making it easy for magnetic flux to leak out through the rotor yoke 10c or the air gap, thus reducing magnetic energy utilization and causing a decrease in output torque. Furthermore, the magnetic field is prone to uneven distribution between the toothed shoes 232, easily leading to increased harmonic content, increased iron losses, and decreased motor efficiency. If L1×tanα>15s, the projection of the permanent magnet 10 becomes too long, causing short-circuit paths for magnetic flux between adjacent toothed shoes 232, easily leading to local saturation of the stator core 20, a sharp increase in iron losses, and uncontrolled temperature rise. Moreover, the excessively long projection does not match the toothed shoe 232 spacing, thus enhancing the cogging modulation effect, thereby increasing torque pulsation and noise. It also results in redundant permanent magnet 10 usage, increasing the amount of permanent magnet 10 used and consequently increasing the motor's manufacturing cost.

[0048] Wherein, s represents the shortest distance between two adjacent toothed shoe 232s. The method for measuring s is as follows: Select points X and Y on two opposite sides of two adjacent toothed shoe 232s, with points X and Y positioned opposite each other, meaning the distances from points X and Y to the center of the stator core 20 are equal. Then measure the shortest distance between points X and Y, which is s. Note: Avoid selecting points located at the corners of the two opposite sides of adjacent toothed shoe 232s, as these corners have chamfers, which can easily lead to a larger s value. Select points closer to the center area.

[0049] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 5 as well as Figure 8 In Embodiment 1, the permanent magnet 10 is a magnetic ring 10a. The outer circumferential surface of the magnetic ring 10a is used to connect with the wind turbine assembly 30, thereby driving the wind turbine assembly 30 to rotate. Simultaneously, the magnetic field of the magnetic ring 10a is a continuous ring distribution, resulting in an air gap magnetic flux density waveform close to a sine wave, leading to low harmonic content and reduced motor noise. Furthermore, the magnetic field uniformity is high, with low cogging torque and harmonics. Therefore, the magnetic ring 10a is suitable for high-speed, low-torque applications and precision control scenarios, such as drone motors and air conditioner compressors.

[0050] Reference Figure 4 , Figures 6 to 8 In embodiment two, the permanent magnet 10 is a magnetic tile 10b, and the rotor includes a rotor yoke and the magnetic tiles 10b. The magnetic tiles 10b are spaced apart on the inner circumferential surface of the rotor yoke, and the outer circumferential surface of the rotor yoke is used to connect with the wind turbine assembly 30. The magnetic tiles 10b are formed by splicing multiple tile-shaped magnets into a ring, each corresponding to a magnetic pole. The number and shape of the magnetic tiles 10b can be freely designed, supporting multiple pole pairs and adapting to high torque density requirements; therefore, the magnetic tiles 10b are suitable for high torque requirements, such as electric vehicle drive motors and industrial servo motors.

[0051] In one embodiment, the stator core 20 includes multiple core units 20a, which are connected end-to-end in a ring to form the stator core 20. The segmented core units 20a can be processed independently, reducing the overall processing difficulty of the large stator core 20 and thus reducing the production cost of the stator core 20.

[0052] Specifically, there are Z core units 20a. That is, the number of core units 20a is the same as the number of stator slots 21, thereby improving the material utilization rate of the stator core 20, thereby improving the slot fill factor of the motor, and thus improving the motor performance.

[0053] Optionally, in Embodiment 1, the magnetic pole direction of the permanent magnet 10 is inclined in a clockwise direction. In Embodiment 2, the magnetic pole direction of the permanent magnet 10 is inclined in a counterclockwise direction.

[0054] This utility model also proposes a refrigeration device, which can be divided into compression refrigeration devices, absorption refrigeration devices, vapor jet refrigeration devices, heat pump refrigeration devices, and electric heating refrigeration devices, etc. The refrigeration device mainly includes a motor, compressor, electronic expansion valve, evaporator, condenser, accessories, and piping. Examples include refrigerators and air conditioners. The specific structure of the electronic expansion valve is as described in the above embodiments. Since the refrigeration device in this utility model adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it possesses at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0055] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model and does not limit the patent scope of the present utility model. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the technical concept of the present utility model and the contents of the present utility model specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An electric motor, characterized in that, include: A rotor comprising a permanent magnet, wherein the angle between the magnetic pole direction of the permanent magnet and the axial direction of the permanent magnet is α, the height of the permanent magnet in the axial direction is L1, the number of pole pairs of the permanent magnet is p, and the outer diameter of the permanent magnet is D1; ​​and The stator includes a stator core, the stator core having stator slots, the stator core having an axial height of L2, the stator core having an outer diameter of D2, and the stator core having a number of slots of Z. in, 1.05×L1≤L2≤2.5×L1.

2. The motor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the permanent magnet along its radial direction is W1, and the thickness of the stator core along its radial direction is W2, where 0.17×W2≤W1≤0.34×W2.

3. The motor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The stator core includes a stator yoke and stator teeth. Each stator tooth includes a tooth body and a tooth shoe. Multiple tooth bodies are spaced apart on the outer peripheral wall of the stator yoke. The tooth shoes are connected to the side of the tooth body facing away from the stator yoke. The shortest distance between two adjacent tooth shoes is s.

4. The motor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The permanent magnet is a magnetic ring, and the outer circumferential surface of the magnetic ring is used to connect with the wind turbine assembly.

5. The motor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The permanent magnet is a magnetic tile, and the rotor includes a rotor yoke and the magnetic tile. The magnetic tile is spaced apart on the inner circumferential surface of the rotor yoke, and the outer circumferential surface of the rotor yoke is used to connect with the wind turbine assembly.

6. The motor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The stator core comprises multiple core units, which are connected end to end in a ring to form the stator core.

7. The motor as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The core unit comprises Z units.

8. The motor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic poles of the permanent magnet are inclined in a clockwise direction.

9. The motor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic poles of the permanent magnet are tilted counterclockwise.

10. A refrigeration device, characterized in that, Includes the motor as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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