Magnetic type convergence measuring pile and cavern surrounding rock monitoring system

Abstract

The utility model provides a magnetic type convergence measuring pile and a cavern surrounding rock monitoring system. The magnetic type convergence measuring pile comprises an anchoring rod and a measuring head, one end of the anchoring rod is provided with a V-shaped groove, the measuring head comprises a connecting rod, a reflector plate and a magnet, the magnet, the connecting rod and the reflector plate are sequentially and fixedly connected into a whole, the other end of the magnet is inserted into the V-shaped groove, and the magnet is provided with an inclined plane attached to the V-shaped groove. The face-to-face fitting mode of the V-shaped structure is adopted at the inserting matching position of the magnet and the anchoring rod, and compared with fitting of a common plane, the face-to-face fitting mode of the V-shaped structure can achieve positioning of the reinstalled magnet in the X direction and the Y direction of the overlooking plane. Installation can be completed only by aligning the upper end face (or the lower end face) of the magnet with the upper end face (or the lower end face) of the anchoring rod, installation and adjustment time is greatly shortened, and working efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of cavern surrounding rock deformation monitoring technology, and in particular to a magnetically attracted convergent measuring pile and a cavern surrounding rock monitoring system. Background Technology

[0002] Convergence measurement is a simple and effective method for measuring the deformation of surrounding rock in underground caverns, and it is an essential item for monitoring the construction of underground caverns. Convergence measurement uses the total station method, which has the advantages of fast observation speed, high accuracy, and no limitation by tunnel height.

[0003] The total station surveying method requires the arrangement of multiple convergent measuring points along the tunnel cross-section. For example, reflecting prisms or reflectors are pre-installed at the points to be measured. A survey line is formed between every two measuring points in the cross-section. The coordinates of the measuring points are measured using a total station, and the distance between the points is calculated. The relative displacement of the two measuring points at different times is then converted into the difference in distance values, yielding the change in distance between the measured locations.

[0004] In the complex construction environment of tunnels, convergence measuring points are easily affected by on-site blasting, construction vehicles, etc., which often leads to damage to the measuring points. Re-burying the measuring points not only increases costs, but is also difficult to repair in the original location, resulting in discontinuous observation data.

[0005] Existing solutions include a method for installing monitoring piles for convergence deformation in drill-and-blast tunnels, as disclosed in patent application publication number CN111365075A. This method includes a threaded steel bar, an electromagnet, and a monitoring pile. One end of the threaded steel bar is inserted into a monitoring hole, and the other end is threadedly connected to the electromagnet. The rear end face of the monitoring pile is detachably connected to the front wall face of the electromagnet through magnetic force. After monitoring is completed, the battery wire is disconnected from the electromagnet wire, the electromagnet loses its magnetism, the magnetic force between the electromagnet and the monitoring pile disappears, and the monitoring pile is removed, protecting it from damage by blasted rocks and construction equipment. This method has the following problems:

[0006] (i) The monitoring pile and the electromagnet are in close contact without a positioning structure. When the monitoring pile is reinstalled, it needs to be adjusted multiple times to ensure that the installation position of the monitoring pile meets the monitoring requirements.

[0007] (ii) Connecting an electromagnet to the monitoring pile requires additional batteries, cables, etc. for the electromagnet, resulting in a large investment in equipment and higher costs.

[0008] (iii) Due to the high cost of electromagnets, they cannot be used in scenarios where monitoring of the surrounding rock of caverns is damaged and needs to be directly discarded or replaced;

[0009] (iv) The electromagnet and the threaded steel bar are connected by threads. On the one hand, it is necessary to tap the electromagnet, which increases the secondary processing steps of the electromagnet, thereby increasing the cost and difficulty. On the other hand, when installing the threads on site, not only are special tools required, but the installation time of the monitoring pile is also extended, affecting the monitoring efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0010] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a magnetic convergence pile and cavern surrounding rock monitoring system that is easy to install the probe and can replace the probe in a low-cost manner.

[0011] The technical solution of this utility model is: a magnetic convergence measuring pile, including an anchor rod and a measuring head. One end of the anchor rod is provided with a V-shaped groove. The measuring head includes a connecting rod, a reflector and a magnet. The magnet, the connecting rod and the reflector are sequentially fixed together to form an integral unit. The other end of the magnet is inserted into the V-shaped groove, and the magnet is provided with an inclined surface that fits into the V-shaped groove.

[0012] In the above scheme, the reflector, connecting rod, and magnet of the probe are fixed together as one unit. The selection of a magnet that generates magnetic force greatly reduces the cost of the probe. When the probe is damaged, it can be easily and quickly restored to convergence by replacing the probe in the original position, ensuring the continuity of monitoring data. In addition, the insertion and mating parts of the magnet and the anchor rod adopt a "V" shaped surface-to-surface fitting method. Compared with the ordinary flat surface fitting, this structure can realize the positioning of the reinstalled magnet in both the X and Y directions on the top plane. The installation can be completed simply by aligning the upper (or lower) end face of the magnet with the upper (or lower) end face of the anchor rod, which greatly shortens the installation and adjustment time and greatly improves work efficiency.

[0013] Preferably, the reflective sheet is a sheet-like body, with multiple circles concentric on one side surface, the centers of which form a monitoring reference point.

[0014] Preferably, the side surface of the reflector is further provided with crosshairs, and the intersection of the crosshairs coincides with the monitoring reference point.

[0015] Preferably, the anchor rod is a stainless steel rod, and the connecting rod is a PVC component.

[0016] This utility model also provides a cavern surrounding rock monitoring system, including a cavern rock wall and the aforementioned magnetic convergence measuring pile. Anchor holes are provided on the cavern rock wall, and the anchor rod of the magnetic convergence measuring pile is inserted into the anchor hole. The measuring head of the magnetic convergence measuring pile extends to the outside of the anchor hole.

[0017] Preferably, the anchor hole is filled with epoxy resin adhesive for fixing the anchor rod.

[0018] Preferably, at least one anchor hole is arranged at the top and both sides of the cross-section of the cavern rock wall, and a magnetic convergence measuring pile is installed in each anchor hole.

[0019] Preferably, the anchor rod inserted into the anchor hole is shorter than the outer surface of the cavern rock wall.

[0020] Compared with related technologies, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0021] I. The reflector, connecting rod and magnet of the probe provided by this utility model are fixed together as one unit. The magnet is selected to have magnetic force. When the probe is damaged, the convergence pile can be restored conveniently and quickly by replacing the probe in the original position, which reduces construction costs and ensures the continuity of monitoring data.

[0022] 2. The insertion and mating parts of the magnet and the anchor rod adopt a "V" shaped surface-to-surface fitting method. Compared with the ordinary flat surface fitting, this structure can realize the positioning of the reinstalled magnet in the X and Y directions on the top plane. The installation can be completed simply by aligning the upper (or lower) end face of the magnet with the upper (or lower) end face of the anchor rod, which greatly shortens the installation and adjustment time and greatly improves work efficiency.

[0023] Third, this utility model uses a magnetically connected probe. When there is blasting or other construction work that may damage the probe near the probe point, the probe can be easily removed and reinstalled after the construction is completed. This greatly reduces the probability of damage to the convergence probe during construction, reduces the repeated deployment of convergence probes, and improves work efficiency.

[0024] Fourth, it has a simple structure, is easy to install, can be reused, and saves costs. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the magnetically attracted convergence measuring pile provided by this utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of anchor rods and magnets;

[0027] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the cavern surrounding rock monitoring system provided by this utility model;

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram with the probe removed.

[0029] In the attached diagram: 1. Anchor rod; 11. V-groove; 2. Probe; 21. Connecting rod; 22. Reflector; 221. Monitoring reference point; 23. Magnet; 231. Inclined surface; 3. Cavern rock wall; 31. Anchor hole. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. For ease of description, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" appearing below only indicate that they correspond to the upper, lower, left, and right directions in the accompanying drawings and do not limit the structure.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a magnetic convergence pile measuring device including an anchor rod 1 and a probe 2. The probe 2 includes a connecting rod 21, a reflector 22, and a magnet 23. The magnet 23, the connecting rod 21, and the reflector 22 are sequentially fixed together to form a single unit.

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, one end of the anchor rod 1 is provided with a V-groove 11, and the other end of the magnet 23 is inserted into the V-groove 11. The magnet 23 is provided with an inclined surface 231 that fits into the V-groove 11. When the end of the magnet 23 with the inclined surface 231 is fully inserted into the V-groove 11, the positioning of the probe 2 in the X and Y directions can be completed simply by aligning the upper (or lower) end face of the magnet with the upper (or lower) end face of the anchor rod, which greatly shortens the installation and adjustment time and significantly improves work efficiency.

[0033] The anchor rod 1 is made of martensitic or ferritic stainless steel. In this embodiment, the anchor rod 1 is made of Φ22mm 430 stainless steel bar, which can be magnetically attracted to the magnet 23. A rectangular outer shell and a connecting rod 21 connected to one end of the outer shell are made of PVC material. The magnet 23 is fixed to the end of the connecting rod 21. A reflective sheet 22 is attached to the outer surface of the outer shell. Figure 1 As shown, the reflective sheet 22 is a sheet-like body with multiple concentric circles and crosshairs on one side surface. The centers of the multiple circles form a monitoring reference point 221, and the intersection of the crosshairs coincides with the monitoring reference point 221. The reflective sheet 22 is an externally molded component.

[0034] like Figure 3 As shown, this utility model also provides a cavern surrounding rock monitoring system, including a cavern rock wall 3 and the aforementioned magnetic convergence measuring pile. Anchor holes 31 are provided on the cavern rock wall 3, and the anchor rod 1 of the magnetic convergence measuring pile is inserted into the anchor hole 31. The measuring head 2 of the magnetic convergence measuring pile extends to the outside of the anchor hole 31.

[0035] During the construction of a tunnel project, total station measurements were used to monitor tunnel convergence deformation. One convergence measuring point was placed at the top and two sides of the monitoring section along the tunnel, for a total of three measuring points per monitoring section. To more effectively protect the measuring points, convergence measuring stakes of this invention were installed on-site.

[0036] During on-site installation, holes are drilled along the monitoring section at the designed locations (top and waist of the cavern) to form anchor holes 31. Anchor rods 1 are then installed into the anchor holes 31. Figure 4 As shown, one end of the anchor rod 1 is anchored in the anchor hole 31, and the other end is slightly shorter than the outer surface of the cavern rock wall 3. Epoxy resin is then injected into the anchor hole 31 for bonding. The outer surface of the epoxy resin is flush with the outer surface of the anchor rod 1, exposing the V-groove 11.

[0037] Finally, the probe 2 is installed and magnetically attached to the V-groove 11 of the anchor rod 1 by the magnet 23, thus completing the installation and enabling convergence monitoring.

[0038] Since the probe 2 and the anchor rod 1 are magnetically connected, when subjected to external impact or collision, the probe 2 will be damaged or fall off, while the anchor rod 1 will not be deformed. The measuring point can be restored simply by replacing the probe 2.

[0039] The convergence measuring stake of this invention allows for easy removal of the measuring head when blasting or other construction work near the measuring point may damage it. The head can be reinstalled after the construction is completed. If a measuring point is damaged, the convergence measuring stake can be easily restored in its original location by replacing the measuring head. This reduces the need for repeated deployment of convergence measuring stakes, saves costs, and ensures the continuity of monitoring data.

[0040] The above description is merely an embodiment of this utility model and does not limit the patent scope of this utility model. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the description and drawings of this utility model, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A magnetically attracted convergence surveying pile, comprising an anchor rod (1), characterized in that, It also includes a probe (2), one end of the anchor rod (1) is provided with a V-groove (11), the probe (2) includes a connecting rod (21), a reflector (22) and a magnet (23), the magnet (23), the connecting rod (21) and the reflector (22) are sequentially fixed together to form a whole, the other end of the magnet (23) is inserted into the V-groove (11), and the magnet (23) is provided with an inclined surface (231) that fits into the V-groove (11).

2. The magnetically attracted convergence surveying pile according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reflective sheet (22) is a sheet-like body with multiple circles concentric on one side surface, and the centers of the multiple circles form a monitoring reference point (221).

3. The magnetically attracted convergence surveying stake according to claim 2, characterized in that, The side surface of the reflector (22) is also provided with crosshairs, and the intersection of the crosshairs coincides with the monitoring reference point (221).

4. The magnetically attracted convergence surveying pile according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anchor rod (1) is a stainless steel rod, and the connecting rod (21) is a PVC material.

5. A cavern surrounding rock monitoring system, comprising a cavern rock wall (3), wherein the cavern rock wall (3) is provided with anchor holes (31), characterized in that, It also includes the magnetic convergence test pile as described in any one of claims 1-4, wherein the anchor rod (1) of the magnetic convergence test pile is inserted into the anchor hole (31), and the probe (2) of the magnetic convergence test pile extends to the outside of the anchor hole (31).

6. The cavern surrounding rock monitoring system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The anchor hole (31) is filled with epoxy resin adhesive for fixing the anchor rod (1).

7. The cavern surrounding rock monitoring system according to claim 5, characterized in that, At least one anchor hole (31) is arranged at the top and on both sides of the cross section of the cavern rock wall (3), and a magnetic convergence measuring pile is installed in each anchor hole (31).

8. The cavern surrounding rock monitoring system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The anchor rod (1) inserted into the anchor hole (31) is shorter than the outer surface of the cavern rock wall (3).

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