Device for detecting three-dimensional position of central axis of shaft part

Abstract

The utility model discloses a central axis three-dimensional position detection device for shaft parts, which relates to the technical field of shaft part detection and comprises a base provided with a movable detection mechanism. The detection mechanism comprises a moving seat, a detection head is detachably arranged on the moving seat, an X-axis driving mechanism, a Y-axis driving mechanism and a Z-axis driving mechanism are arranged on the base, the detection head comprises a laser displacement sensor and a contact type sensor which are matched with each other, the laser displacement sensor is used for position preliminary detection, and the contact type sensor is used for position detection. The laser displacement sensors and the contact sensors are used for accurate position detection, the multiple sets of laser displacement sensors and the multiple sets of contact sensors are arranged in a staggered mode, the device can flexibly move in three directions, different positions of shaft parts can be rapidly detected, and compared with a traditional single-point detection method, the detection time is greatly shortened, and the detection efficiency is improved. And the detection efficiency is obviously improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of shaft component testing technology, and in particular to a three-dimensional position detection device for the central axis of shaft components. Background Technology

[0002] In modern manufacturing, shaft components are key basic parts of many mechanical equipment, and their machining accuracy directly affects the performance and stability of the entire equipment. Among them, the precise position of the central axis of shaft components plays a decisive role in ensuring the assembly accuracy, transmission accuracy, and smooth operation of various parts of the equipment.

[0003] With the continuous development of the manufacturing industry, the requirements for the machining accuracy of shaft components are increasing. In the traditional production process of shaft components, the methods for detecting the position of the centerline are often relatively simple and have limited accuracy. For example, in the early days, manual measurement combined with simple measuring tools (such as calipers and micrometers) was often used. This method is not only inefficient and consumes a lot of manpower and time, but it is also greatly affected by human factors, and the measurement error is difficult to control. Especially when dealing with shaft components with complex shapes or high precision requirements, it simply cannot meet the inspection needs.

[0004] Some more automated inspection methods, such as two-dimensional optical inspection equipment, can improve inspection efficiency to some extent, but they can only acquire the positional information of shaft components on a plane and cannot comprehensively and accurately detect their central axis position in three-dimensional space. In practical applications, the installation and use of shaft components often take place in a three-dimensional environment. If the three-dimensional position of their central axis cannot be accurately determined, it may lead to misalignment between components during assembly, resulting in increased vibration and noise during equipment operation, and even shortening the service life of the equipment.

[0005] Furthermore, with the rise of intelligent manufacturing, production lines are placing higher demands on the real-time performance and automation of shaft component inspection. Production lines require devices capable of quickly and accurately detecting the three-dimensional position of the central axis of shaft components to provide timely feedback and adjustments to the production process, ensuring consistent and stable product quality. However, existing inspection devices struggle to simultaneously meet the demands for high-precision inspection, rapid measurement, and automated operation. Therefore, developing a highly efficient device capable of accurately detecting the three-dimensional position of the central axis of shaft components is urgently needed, and it is of great significance for improving the overall production level and product quality of the manufacturing industry. Utility Model Content

[0006] To solve the problems raised in the background art, the utility model discloses a three-dimensional position detection device for the central axis of shaft parts. This device can move flexibly in three directions, can quickly detect different positions of shaft parts, and compared with the traditional single-point detection method, greatly shortens the detection time and significantly improves the detection efficiency.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is as follows:

[0008] A three-dimensional position detection device for the central axis of shaft parts, including a base, on which a movable detection mechanism is arranged. The three-dimensional position of the central axis is determined by detecting multi-point data through the movement of the detection mechanism; the detection mechanism includes a moving seat, on which a detection head is detachably arranged. On the base, an X-axis driving mechanism, a Y-axis driving mechanism, and a Z-axis driving mechanism are arranged for driving the detection head to move in the X direction, Y direction, and Z direction. The detection head includes a laser displacement sensor and a contact sensor that cooperate with each other. The laser displacement sensor is used for preliminary position detection, and the contact sensor is used for precise position detection. Multiple groups of the laser displacement sensors and contact sensors are arranged and staggered.

[0009] To further optimize the utility model, the following technical solutions can be preferably adopted:

[0010] Preferably, the contact sensors are distributed in a "soil" shape facing the detection position, and the laser displacement sensors are arranged at the top and bottom positions of the detection head.

[0011] Preferably, an installation seat is arranged on the moving seat corresponding to the position of the detection head, and multiple groups of installation adjustment holes for fixing the detection head are arranged on the installation seat.

[0012] Preferably, an X-axis guide rail is arranged on the base along the X-axis moving direction of the detection head, an X-axis slider is arranged at the bottom of the moving seat and is matched with the X-axis guide rail. The X-direction driving mechanism includes a driven rack arranged on the base along the X-axis moving direction, an X-axis servo driving motor is arranged on the moving seat, and a driving gear matched with the driven rack is arranged on the X-axis servo driving motor.

[0013] Preferably, two groups of the X-axis guide rail and X-axis slider are arranged and have a height difference.

[0014] Preferably, a vertical beam is arranged on the moving seat, a lifting frame is arranged on the vertical beam, the lifting frame can move up and down along the Z-axis direction, a cross beam is movably arranged on the lifting frame, the cross beam can move along the Y-axis direction on the lifting frame, and the detection head is arranged at one end of the cross beam close to the detection object.

[0015] Preferably, a Z-axis guide rail is provided on the upright beam along the Z-axis direction, a Z-axis slider is provided on the lifting frame to cooperate with the Z-axis guide rail, and the Z-axis drive mechanism is provided on the movable seat to drive the lifting frame to reciprocate up and down along the Z-axis guide rail.

[0016] Preferably, a Y-axis guide rail is provided on the crossbeam along the Y-axis direction, a Y-axis slider that cooperates with the Y-axis guide rail is provided on the lifting frame, and a Y-axis drive mechanism is provided on the crossbeam for driving the detector seat to reciprocate along the Y-axis direction.

[0017] The three-dimensional position detection device for the central axis of shaft components provided by this utility model has many significant benefits, bringing great convenience and improvement to the detection work of shaft components.

[0018] From the perspective of detection accuracy, the detection head employs a combination of laser displacement sensors and contact sensors, arranged in multiple staggered configurations, offering significant advantages. The laser displacement sensor can quickly perform preliminary detection of the position of shaft components, providing a general range for subsequent precise inspection and greatly improving detection efficiency. Meanwhile, the contact sensor, with its high precision, accurately detects the position of shaft components, effectively reducing detection errors. The staggered arrangement of multiple sensors allows for detection of shaft components from multiple angles, acquiring more comprehensive data and thus more accurately determining the three-dimensional position of the central axis, meeting the stringent requirements of modern manufacturing for high-precision inspection of shaft components.

[0019] In terms of inspection efficiency, the inspection mechanism can move flexibly in three directions under the action of the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis drive mechanisms, enabling rapid inspection of different positions of shaft-type components. By acquiring multi-point data through the moving inspection mechanism to determine the three-dimensional position of the centerline, compared to traditional single-point inspection methods, the inspection time is significantly shortened, and inspection efficiency is significantly improved. This facilitates rapid inspection on the production line and enhances overall production efficiency.

[0020] The device is also designed with high flexibility and adaptability. The inspection head on the movable base is detachable, allowing for easy replacement of the appropriate inspection head according to the shape, size, and inspection requirements of different shaft components, thus broadening the device's applicability. Whether it's small, precision shaft components or large shaft components, this device can complete the inspection task with ease.

[0021] Furthermore, the entire device boasts a robust structure, with the base providing stable support for the testing mechanism. This ensures that the testing accuracy is not affected by vibration or displacement during the testing process. Simultaneously, this stable structural design enhances the device's durability, reduces the frequency of equipment failures, lowers maintenance costs, and provides a reliable guarantee for long-term, stable testing operations. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is the front view of the three-dimensional position detection device in this embodiment;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a side view of the three-dimensional position detection device in this embodiment;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the detection mechanism in this embodiment.

[0025] Among them, 1-base, 2-detection head, 3-moving seat, 4-X-axis drive mechanism, 5-Y-axis drive mechanism, 6-Z-axis drive mechanism, 7-laser displacement sensor, 8-contact sensor, 9-mounting seat, 10-mounting adjustment hole, 11-X-axis guide rail, 12-X-axis slider, 13-driven rack, 14-X-axis servo drive motor, 15-drive gear, 16-vertical beam, 17-lifting frame, 18-crossbeam, 19-Z-axis guide rail, 20-Z-axis slider, 21-Y-axis guide rail, 22-Y-axis slider. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of this utility model are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0027] Example 1:

[0028] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a three-dimensional position detection device for the central axis of shaft components includes a base 1, on which a movable detection mechanism is installed. The three-dimensional position of the central axis is determined by detecting multi-point data through the movement of the detection mechanism. The detection mechanism includes a movable seat 3, on which a detection head is detachably installed. The base is equipped with an X-axis drive mechanism 4, a Y-axis drive mechanism 5, and a Z-axis drive mechanism 6 for driving the detection head to move along the X, Y, and Z directions. The detection head 2 includes a laser displacement sensor 7 and a contact sensor 8 that cooperate with each other. The laser displacement sensor 7 is used for preliminary position detection, and the contact sensor 8 is used for precise position detection. Multiple sets of laser displacement sensors and contact sensors are installed and staggered.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment, the contact sensors are distributed in a "tu" shape facing the detection position, and the laser displacement sensors are installed at the top and bottom positions of the detection head; the above structural design has the following advantages: (1) Comprehensive and accurate detection: When actually detecting shaft-like parts, the distribution of the contact sensors in a "tu" shape facing the detection position plays a key role. Taking the detection of a common stepped shaft as an example, the sensors arranged in a "tu" shape can simultaneously detect key parts such as the cylindrical surface and shaft shoulders of the shaft. Its multiple contacts touch the shaft surface from different angles, enabling a comprehensive perception of the shaft's contour shape and effectively reducing detection blind spots. When detecting the cylindricity error of the shaft, the actual cylindricity can be more accurately calculated through multi-point measurement. Compared with ordinary single-point or simple multi-point contact detection, it greatly improves the accuracy and reliability of detection, providing a solid guarantee for the quality control of shaft-like parts. (2) Efficient collaborative detection: The laser displacement sensors are arranged at the top and bottom positions of the detection head, and the collaborative work with the "tu" shaped contact sensors is remarkable. When detecting long shaft-like parts, the laser displacement sensors at the top and bottom can quickly scan the upper and lower contours of the shaft, initially obtaining the approximate position information of the shaft in the vertical direction. For example, when detecting the motor rotor shaft, the laser displacement sensors can quickly determine the bending trend of the shaft, providing a more accurate initial positioning for the precise detection of the contact sensors. Based on this, the contact sensors conduct fine measurements, and the two cooperate with each other, further improving the overall detection accuracy, significantly shortening the detection time, and increasing the detection efficiency.

[0030] As a preferred embodiment, an installation seat 9 is installed on the moving seat 3 corresponding to the position of the detection head, and multiple groups of installation and adjustment holes 10 for fixing the detection head are provided on the installation seat; when the detection head fails or needs to be replaced with a different type of detection head according to a new detection task, the design of the installation seat and the installation and adjustment holes also provides great convenience. For example, when changing from a standard detection head for detecting ordinary shaft-like parts to a special detection head for detecting high-precision aeroengine shafts, the operator can easily disassemble and install the new detection head through the installation and adjustment holes without large-scale adjustment of the entire device, shortening the equipment downtime and improving the equipment maintenance efficiency.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, an X-axis guide rail 11 is mounted on the base along the X-axis movement direction of the detection head, and an X-axis slider 12 cooperating with the X-axis guide rail is mounted on the bottom of the moving seat. The X-axis drive mechanism includes a driven rack 13 mounted on the base along the X-axis movement direction, an X-axis servo drive motor 14 mounted on the moving seat, and a drive gear 15 cooperating with the driven rack mounted on the X-axis servo drive motor. In actual testing, the X-axis guide rail on the base along the X-axis movement direction of the detection head, the X-axis slider at the bottom of the moving seat, and the unique design of the X-axis drive mechanism ensure accurate and stable movement of the detection head in the X-axis direction. For example, when testing the lead screw of a CNC machine tool, the detection head needs to move with high precision in the X-axis direction to obtain parameters at different positions of the lead screw. The X-axis servo drive motor, through the cooperation of the drive gear and the driven rack, can accurately control the movement speed and position of the detection head, effectively preventing the detection head from shaking or jamming during movement. This precise and smooth movement ensures the accuracy of the test data, providing a reliable basis for the accuracy evaluation of CNC machine tool lead screws.

[0032] As a preferred embodiment, two sets of X-axis guide rails and X-axis sliders are installed with a height difference; this greatly enhances the stability of the moving seat when moving in the X-axis direction in practical applications. Taking a production line that continuously inspects large shaft components for extended periods as an example, the moving seat is subjected to significant impact and friction forces during frequent X-axis movements. The height difference allows the moving seat to distribute the force more evenly, reducing the risk of structural deformation due to uneven force distribution. Long-term comparative testing shows that the wear of the moving seat and related structural components using this design is significantly reduced, greatly improving the reliability and durability of the device during long-term use and lowering equipment maintenance costs.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, a vertical beam 16 is mounted on the movable base 3, and a lifting frame 17 is mounted on the vertical beam 16. The lifting frame 17 can move up and down along the Z-axis. A crossbeam 18 is movably mounted on the lifting frame 17, and the crossbeam 18 can move along the Y-axis on the lifting frame. The detection head is mounted on the end of the crossbeam near the object to be detected. A Z-axis guide rail 19 is mounted on the vertical beam along the Z-axis, and a Z-axis slider 20 that mates with the Z-axis guide rail 19 is mounted on the lifting frame. A Z-axis drive mechanism is mounted on the movable base to drive the lifting frame to reciprocate up and down along the Z-axis guide rail. A Y-axis guide rail 21 is mounted on the crossbeam along the Y-axis, and a Y-axis slider 22 that mates with the Y-axis guide rail is mounted on the lifting frame. A Y-axis drive mechanism is mounted on the crossbeam to drive the detector base to reciprocate along the Y-axis. The above structural design has the following advantages: (1) Flexible multi-directional adjustment to achieve all-round detection: The moving seat is equipped with a vertical beam, and the lifting frame on the vertical beam can move up and down along the Z-axis direction. The crossbeam on the lifting frame can move along the Y-axis direction. The detection head is set at the end of the crossbeam close to the object being detected. This structural design gives the detection head extremely high flexibility in actual detection. For example, when detecting complex ship propulsion shafts, the propulsion shafts are arranged at multiple angles in space. The operator can accurately adjust the position of the detection head in the Z-axis and Y-axis directions according to the specific position of the propulsion shaft and the detection requirements. Through the lifting of the lifting frame and the lateral movement of the crossbeam, all-round detection of different parts of the propulsion shaft can be achieved, which greatly improves the coverage and accuracy of the detection and ensures that there are no blind spots in the quality detection of ship propulsion shafts. (2) High-efficiency drive and guidance to improve detection efficiency and accuracy: The Z-axis guide rail set on the vertical beam along the Z-axis direction cooperates with the Z-axis slider on the lifting frame, and the Y-axis guide rail set on the crossbeam along the Y-axis direction cooperates with the Y-axis slider on the lifting frame, which provides precise guidance for the movement of the lifting frame and the crossbeam, respectively. Meanwhile, the Z-axis drive mechanism, mounted on the moving base, drives the lifting frame to move up and down, while the Y-axis drive mechanism, mounted on the crossbeam, drives the detector seat to move. This layout offers significant advantages in actual testing. For example, when testing miniature shafts in precision instruments, the detection head needs to move precisely within an extremely small range. The efficient drive mechanism and precise guidance system ensure smooth and accurate movement of the detection head in the Z and Y axes, allowing for rapid positioning of various testing points on the miniature shaft. This further improves testing efficiency and accuracy, meeting the high-requirement testing needs of shaft components in precision instruments.

[0034] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components or an interaction between two components. Unless otherwise explicitly limited, those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0035] The above are preferred embodiments of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional position detection device for the central axis of shaft-type components, characterized in that: It includes a base, on which a movable detection mechanism is provided. The three-dimensional position of the central axis is determined by detecting multi-point data through the movement of the detection mechanism. The detection mechanism includes a moving seat, on which a detection head is detachably arranged. On the base, an X-axis driving mechanism, a Y-axis driving mechanism and a Z-axis driving mechanism are provided for driving the detection head to move in the X direction, Y direction and Z direction. The detection head includes a laser displacement sensor and a contact sensor which cooperate with each other. The laser displacement sensor is used for preliminary position detection, and the contact sensor is used for precise position detection. Multiple groups of the laser displacement sensors and the contact sensors are provided and arranged staggeredly. The contact sensors are distributed in a "soil" shape facing the detection position, and the laser displacement sensors are arranged at the top and bottom positions of the detection head. An installation seat is arranged on the moving seat corresponding to the position of the detection head, and multiple groups of installation adjustment holes for fixing the detection head are arranged on the installation seat.

2. The three-dimensional position detection device for the central axis of shaft components according to claim 1, characterized in that: An X-axis guide rail is arranged on the base along the X-axis moving direction of the detection head. An X-axis slider which cooperates with the X-axis guide rail is arranged at the bottom of the moving seat. The X-axis driving mechanism includes a driven rack arranged on the base along the X-axis moving direction, and an X-axis servo driving motor is arranged on the moving seat. A driving gear which cooperates with the driven rack is arranged on the X-axis servo driving motor.

3. A three-dimensional position detection device for the central axis of shaft components according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two groups of the X-axis guide rails and the X-axis sliders are provided and arranged with a height difference.

4. A three-dimensional position detection device for the central axis of shaft-type components according to claim 1, characterized in that: A vertical beam is arranged on the moving seat, and a lifting frame is arranged on the vertical beam. The lifting frame can move up and down along the Z-axis direction. A cross beam is movably arranged on the lifting frame, and the cross beam can move along the Y-axis direction on the lifting frame. The detection head is arranged at one end of the cross beam close to the detected object.

5. A three-dimensional position detection device for the central axis of shaft-type components according to claim 4, characterized in that: A Z-axis guide rail is arranged on the vertical beam along the Z-axis direction. A Z-axis slider which cooperates with the Z-axis guide rail is arranged on the lifting frame. The Z-axis driving mechanism is arranged on the moving seat and is used for driving the lifting frame to reciprocate up and down along the Z-axis guide rail.

6. A three-dimensional position detection device for the central axis of shaft-type components according to claim 5, characterized in that: A Y-axis guide rail is arranged on the cross beam along the Y-axis direction. A Y-axis slider which cooperates with the Y-axis guide rail is arranged on the lifting frame. The Y-axis driving mechanism is arranged on the cross beam and is used for driving the detector seat to reciprocate along the Y-axis direction.

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