Fireproof charging device and carport

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fireproof charging device and a shed, the fireproof charging device comprises a socket and a fireproof charging assembly, the fireproof charging assembly is electrically connected with the socket, and the socket comprises an anode jack and a cathode jack; the fireproof charging assembly comprises a charging conversion circuit which converts alternating current into direct current, a temperature protection circuit which is disconnected at a preset temperature, and a charging on-off circuit. The charging on-off circuit and the temperature protection circuit are electrically connected with the positive electrode socket and the negative electrode socket respectively and are connected in series with the charging conversion circuit; the charging on-off circuit comprises a pulse trigger element and a one-way conduction element, the one-way conduction element comprises a positive electrode input end connected with the transformer, a negative electrode output end electrically connected with the socket and a pulse trigger end connected with the pulse trigger element, and the pulse trigger element is connected with the charging conversion circuit and the pulse trigger end. The fireproof charging pile has a good fireproof effect in the charging process of the electric vehicle.

Description

A fireproof charging device and carport Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of carport charging and swapping technology, specifically relating to a fireproof charging device and a carport. Background Technology

[0002] Electric vehicles use battery packs as energy storage units, which need to be connected to the AC grid to replenish power after the battery is depleted. If the charging circuit is not disconnected in time after charging is completed, the battery pack will enter an overcharged state, which may lead to accelerated performance degradation of the battery pack and, in extreme cases, the potential risk of thermal runaway and fire.

[0003] Utility model CN206697920U discloses an overcharge protection circuit for a battery charger, including a silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) whose gate G is connected to the trickle charging indicator mechanism of the battery charger. The anode T1 of the SCR is connected to the positive output terminal C1 of the battery charger, and the cathode T2 is connected to the negative output terminal C2 of the battery charger via resistor R3 and capacitor C. The circuit also includes transistors Q1 and Q2 and a relay K. The base of transistor Q1 is connected to the common terminal of resistor R3 and capacitor C, the collector is connected to the cathode T2 of the SCR via resistor R2, and the emitter is connected to the base of transistor Q2. The collector of transistor Q2 is connected to the cathode T2 of the SCR via the coil of relay K, and the emitter is connected to the negative output terminal C2 of the battery charger. The input terminal B1 of the battery charger is connected to the mains power via the normally closed contact of relay K. The trickle charging indicator mechanism triggers charging of the capacitor, and the charger is disconnected after a delay to prevent overcharging. However, this utility model has high circuit complexity, high cost, high probability of circuit failure, and is inconvenient for debugging and maintenance; the adjustment of the delayed shutdown time depends on manual switching, which is not automated enough; at the same time, it cannot switch the circuit on / off state in time in the event of a fire.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a stable, reliable, and automatically disconnectable fireproof charging device without human intervention has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of the existing technology, this invention provides a fireproof charging device and a carport. It offers good fire protection during the charging process of electric vehicles.

[0006] In the first aspect, this utility model provides a fireproof charging device for a carport, including a socket and a fireproof charging component, wherein the fireproof charging component is electrically connected to the socket, and the socket includes a positive terminal and a negative terminal.

[0007] The fireproof charging assembly includes a charging conversion circuit that converts AC power to DC power, a temperature protection circuit that disconnects at a predetermined temperature, and a charging on / off circuit; the charging on / off circuit and the temperature protection circuit are electrically connected to the positive terminal and the negative terminal respectively, and are both connected in series with the charging conversion circuit.

[0008] The charging on / off circuit includes a pulse triggering element and a unidirectional conducting element. The unidirectional conducting element includes a positive input terminal connected to the charging conversion circuit, a negative output terminal electrically connected to the socket, and a pulse triggering terminal connected to the pulse triggering element. The pulse triggering element is connected to the charging conversion circuit and the pulse triggering terminal.

[0009] Furthermore, the charging conversion circuit includes a transformer and a DC-DC conversion sub-circuit. The transformer includes a primary winding and a secondary winding. The DC-DC conversion sub-circuit includes a Zener diode, a rectifier diode, and a first resistor connected in series. The anode of the Zener diode is connected to one end of the secondary winding, and the first resistor is connected to the other end of the secondary winding.

[0010] Furthermore, the charging on / off circuit includes a pulse transformer connected to a unidirectional conducting element. The pulse transformer includes a primary pulse winding and a secondary pulse winding. The primary pulse winding is connected to the charging on / off circuit, and the two ends of the secondary pulse winding are respectively connected to the negative output terminal and the pulse trigger terminal of the unidirectional conducting element.

[0011] Furthermore, the charging on / off circuit includes a pulse trigger sub-circuit connected to the pulse trigger element. The pulse trigger sub-circuit includes a capacitor, a first variable resistor, and a second variable resistor. The capacitor and the first variable resistor are connected in series to form a first branch, and the second variable resistor is connected in parallel with the first branch to form a second branch. The two ends of the second branch are respectively connected to the anode of the Zener diode and the pulse trigger terminal. The pulse trigger element is connected to the sliding terminal of the first variable resistor, the sliding terminal of the second variable resistor, and the primary pulse winding.

[0012] Furthermore, the pulse triggering element is a unijunction transistor, which includes an emitter and two bases. The emitter is connected to the sliding end of the first variable resistor and the cathode of the Zener diode, respectively. The two bases are connected to the sliding end of the second variable resistor and one end of the primary pulse winding, respectively. The other end of the primary pulse winding is connected to the anode of the Zener diode.

[0013] Furthermore, the pulse trigger sub-circuit includes a second resistor and a third resistor, a capacitor, a first variable resistor, and a second resistor connected in series, and a third resistor and a second variable resistor connected in series.

[0014] Furthermore, both the primary pulse winding and the secondary pulse winding are connected in series with a fourth resistor.

[0015] Furthermore, the temperature protection circuit includes a temperature controller switch, a charging conversion circuit, and a negative terminal connected in series.

[0016] Furthermore, the fireproof charging device includes an ammeter and a voltmeter. The ammeter is connected in series with either the positive or negative terminal, and the two ends of the voltmeter are connected to the positive and negative terminals, respectively.

[0017] Secondly, this utility model also provides a fireproof charging carport, including a carport body and the aforementioned fireproof charging device, wherein the fireproof charging device is disposed inside the carport body.

[0018] The fireproof charging device and carport provided by this utility model have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0019] (1) The charging on / off circuit can be set to automatically disconnect after the electric vehicle is fully charged, reducing the possibility of fire. At the same time, the temperature protection circuit can also automatically disconnect even if the electric vehicle is not fully charged in the event of a fire, to avoid increasing the spread of fire and increase the possibility of fire rescue, thus improving the overall safety of electric vehicle charging in the carport.

[0020] (2) The charging can be turned off in time when the electric vehicle is fully charged to avoid energy waste caused by overvoltage and indirectly improve charging efficiency.

[0021] (3) By adjusting the resistance value of the first variable resistor, the charging time constant of the capacitor can be changed, thereby setting the initial charging current of the battery pack. The charging current can be adjusted within a certain range according to the capacity and state of the battery pack to meet the charging needs of different battery packs and improve applicability and flexibility. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a fireproof charging device for a carport provided by this utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 is a circuit diagram of a fireproof charging device provided in a certain embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 is a circuit diagram of a fireproof charging device provided in a certain embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 is a circuit diagram of a fireproof charging device provided in a certain embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 is a circuit diagram of a fireproof charging device provided in a certain embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 10-Charging conversion circuit, 11-Transformer, 12-DC conversion sub-circuit, 121-Zenith diode, 122-Rectifier diode, 123-First resistor, 20-Charging on / off circuit, 21-Pulse trigger element, 22-One-way conduction element, 23-Pulse transformer, 24-Capacitor, 25-First variable resistor, 26-Second variable resistor, 27-Second resistor, 28-Third resistor, 30-Temperature protection circuit, 31-Temperature controller switch, 32-Buffer capacitor, 33-Buffer resistor, 40-Socket, 41-Ammeter, 42-Voltmeter. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To better understand the above technical solutions, a detailed description of the solutions will be provided below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0029] The terminology used in the embodiments of this utility model is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the utility model. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in the embodiments of this utility model and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms, and “multiple” generally includes at least two unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0030] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that an article or device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such an article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the article or device that includes said element.

[0031] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, this utility model provides a fireproof charging device for a carport, including a socket 40 and a fireproof charging component. The fireproof charging component is electrically connected to the socket 40, and the socket 40 includes a positive terminal and a negative terminal.

[0032] The fireproof charging assembly includes a charging conversion circuit 10 that converts AC power to DC power, a temperature protection circuit 30 that disconnects at a predetermined temperature, and a charging on / off circuit 20; the charging on / off circuit 20 and the temperature protection circuit 30 are electrically connected to the positive terminal and the negative terminal respectively, and are both connected in series with the charging conversion circuit 10.

[0033] As shown in Figure 2, the charging on / off circuit includes a pulse trigger element 21 and a unidirectional conduction element 22. The unidirectional conduction element 22 includes a positive input terminal connected to the charging conversion circuit 10, a negative output terminal electrically connected to the socket 40, and a pulse trigger terminal connected to the pulse trigger element 21. The pulse trigger element 21 is connected to the charging conversion circuit 10 and the pulse trigger terminal.

[0034] This utility model's charging on / off circuit combines a pulse trigger element and a unidirectional conduction element to avoid overcharging and reduce the risk of battery bulging, leakage, and other malfunctions. It also incorporates a temperature protection circuit that automatically disconnects the charging circuit when the ambient or battery temperature rises abnormally, effectively preventing overheating and fires and ensuring the safety of vehicles and personnel inside the carport. Automatic monitoring of temperature and charging status, and automatic circuit disconnection without manual intervention, makes it more convenient to use.

[0035] The charging conversion circuit 10 of this invention may include a transformer 11 and a DC-DC conversion sub-circuit 12. The transformer 11 includes a primary winding and a secondary winding. The DC-DC conversion sub-circuit 12 includes a Zener diode 121, a rectifier diode 122, and a first resistor 123 connected in series. The anode of the Zener diode 121 is connected to one end of the secondary winding, and the first resistor 123 is connected to the other end of the secondary winding. The charging conversion circuit is used to step down the AC mains voltage to a low-voltage AC suitable for charging and convert the AC output from the transformer into DC power to provide power support for subsequent circuits. By reducing the high voltage of the AC mains (e.g., 220V) to a low voltage suitable for charging through the transformer, the high voltage is prevented from directly affecting the battery to be charged, thus preventing overvoltage damage and ensuring a safe charging process. The Zener diode provides a stable reference voltage, ensuring stable output voltage, avoiding the adverse effects of voltage fluctuations on battery charging, and protecting other components in subsequent circuits, reducing component damage caused by voltage fluctuations, and extending the service life of the equipment. The rectifier diode converts the AC output from the transformer into DC power to provide DC power for battery charging.

[0036] The unidirectional conducting element in this invention is a thyristor, which has unidirectional conductivity. It can receive a trigger signal from the pulse triggering element through the pulse triggering terminal to perform rapid switching, thereby controlling the current on and off of this fireproof charging device, reducing energy loss and preventing overcharging.

[0037] As shown in Figure 3, the charging on / off circuit 20 may further include a pulse transformer 23 connected to the unidirectional conducting element 22. The pulse transformer includes a primary pulse winding and a secondary pulse winding. The primary pulse winding is connected to the charging on / off circuit, and the two ends of the secondary pulse winding are connected to the negative output terminal and the pulse trigger terminal of the unidirectional conducting element 22, respectively. The charging on / off circuit 20 includes a pulse trigger sub-circuit connected to the pulse trigger element. The pulse trigger sub-circuit includes a capacitor 24, a first variable resistor 25, and a second variable resistor 26. The capacitor 24 and the first variable resistor 25 are connected in series to form a first branch, and the second variable resistor 26 is connected in parallel with the first branch to form a second branch. The two ends of the second branch are connected to the anode of the Zener diode and the pulse trigger terminal, respectively. The pulse trigger element 21 is connected to the sliding terminal of the first variable resistor 25, the sliding terminal of the second variable resistor 26, and the primary pulse winding. The charging on / off circuit is used to control the on / off of the charging current according to the trigger pulse. The capacitor in the pulse trigger sub-circuit is used to filter out the ripple in the rectified DC current, smooth the voltage, and reduce the impact of voltage fluctuations on subsequent circuits and the battery. By combining capacitors and variable resistors, the frequency and amplitude of the trigger pulses can be adjusted, thereby precisely controlling the on and off times of the unidirectional conducting element and achieving fine regulation of the charging current. This invention reduces overcharging, lowers energy loss, and extends battery life by precisely controlling the charging current. Furthermore, by adjusting the first and second variable resistors, it can adapt to the charging needs of different batteries, giving this fireproof charging device good versatility and flexibility. Additionally, both the primary and secondary pulse windings can be connected in series with a fourth resistor, which can improve the matching degree between the winding impedance and the load impedance, reduce signal reflection, and improve energy transmission efficiency; it can also limit the peak current in the windings, preventing overload or short circuit damage to the pulse transformer.

[0038] The pulse trigger element 21 is a unijunction transistor (UJT), which includes an emitter and two bases. The emitter is connected to the sliding end of the first variable resistor 25 and the cathode of the Zener diode 121, respectively. The two bases are connected to the sliding end of the second variable resistor 26 and one end of the primary pulse winding, respectively. The other end of the primary pulse winding is connected to the anode of the Zener diode. The pulse trigger sub-circuit includes a second resistor 27 and a third resistor 28. The capacitor 24, the first variable resistor 25, and the second resistor 27 are connected in series, and the third resistor 28 and the second variable resistor 26 are connected in series. The high power gain and good temperature compensation performance of the UJT enable it to stably generate trigger pulses, ensuring reliable triggering of the unidirectional conduction element and improving the stability and reliability of the entire charging on / off circuit. By adjusting the voltage division ratio of the pulse trigger sub-circuit through the third resistor and the second variable resistor, the conduction threshold of the UJT is affected, achieving fine adjustment of the charging process. This allows the fireproof charging device to better adapt to the charging needs of different batteries and improve charging efficiency.

[0039] As shown in Figure 3, the temperature protection circuit includes a temperature controller switch 31, a charging conversion circuit 10, and a negative terminal socket connected in series. The temperature controller switch can monitor the ambient temperature at the carport in real time. When the monitored temperature exceeds the set value, the temperature controller switch will automatically disconnect, cutting off the charging circuit to prevent battery performance degradation, damage, or even fires caused by overheating. This provides convenient and reliable safety assurance for the charging process, while extending battery life and reducing energy loss. Additionally, as shown in Figure 5, the temperature protection circuit 30 also includes a third branch connected in parallel with the temperature controller switch 31. This third branch includes a buffer capacitor 32 and a buffer resistor 33 connected in series. The buffer capacitor and buffer resistor can absorb voltage spikes and surge currents through their charging and discharging characteristics, thereby protecting the fireproof charging components. Specifically, when the fireproof charging components experience voltage changes, the buffer capacitor can absorb some energy, slowing down the rate of voltage change, while the buffer resistor provides a discharge path, helping to reduce the amplitude of voltage spikes. The thermostat switch can be a conventional circuit structure, including a temperature sensor, a temperature controller, and a relay. The power supply port of the temperature controller is connected to a transformer or mains power, and the output port of the temperature controller is connected to the electromagnetic coil of the relay. The negative terminal of the socket, the contacts of the relay, and the transformer are connected in series. The temperature sensor is connected to the temperature input port of the temperature controller. The thermostat switch is an automatic control element that generates a conduction or disconnection action through internal physical deformation based on the monitored temperature change. Specifically, the thermostat switch samples the ambient temperature through the temperature sensor. When the temperature reaches the set value, it triggers the switch action, thereby controlling the circuit where the thermostat switch is located to disconnect, so as to achieve the effect of conduction within the ideal temperature range, and ultimately improve the energy-saving effect of the fireproof charging device.

[0040] As shown in Figure 4, the fireproof charging device includes an ammeter 41 and a voltmeter 42. The ammeter 41 is connected in series with either the positive or negative terminal, and the two ends of the voltmeter 42 are connected to the positive and negative terminals respectively. The ammeter is used to monitor the charging current, and the voltmeter is used to monitor the charging voltage. This allows for dynamic tracking of voltage and current changes, providing a basis for accurate overcharge protection, thereby preventing thermal runaway and short circuit risks and improving safety.

[0041] The working principle of this fireproof charging device is as follows:

[0042] When charging an electric vehicle using this fireproof charging device, the battery to be charged is connected to the socket via its plug. The transformer in the charging conversion circuit steps down the mains voltage, and after half-wave rectification by the rectifier diode in the DC-DC conversion sub-circuit, it outputs pulsating DC to power the charging on / off circuit. The rectified pulsating DC charges capacitor 24, and the voltage across the pulse trigger element rises. When the voltage reaches the peak point voltage (conduction voltage), the pulse trigger element conducts. After the pulse trigger element conducts, the capacitor discharges rapidly, generating a spike pulse current. The spike pulse current is coupled to the pulse trigger terminal of the unidirectional conduction element through the pulse transformer, and the unidirectional conduction element conducts, forming a charging circuit, and the battery begins to charge.

[0043] As the charging process proceeds, the battery voltage gradually increases. When the battery voltage does not exceed the set overvoltage protection threshold, the pulse trigger sub-circuit operates normally, continuously outputting trigger pulses to keep the unidirectional conduction element conducting, and charging proceeds normally.

[0044] When the battery voltage reaches the set value, the charging voltage of the capacitor also rises to a certain value. The voltage across the capacitor exceeds the voltage regulation value of the Zener diode in the DC-DC converter circuit. The Zener diode conducts, limiting the base voltage of the pulse trigger element. The pulse trigger element cannot conduct the pulse trigger circuit and no longer generates trigger pulses. The unidirectional conduction element turns off, and charging terminates.

[0045] This utility model also provides a fireproof charging carport, including a carport body and the aforementioned fireproof charging device, wherein the fireproof charging device is disposed inside the carport body.

[0046] Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including both the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present invention. Clearly, those skilled in the art can make various alterations and modifications to the present invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Thus, if such modifications and modifications fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention also intends to include such modifications and modifications.

Claims

1. A fireproof charging device for a carport, characterized in that, The device includes a socket and a fireproof charging assembly. The fireproof charging assembly is electrically connected to the socket, which includes a positive socket and a negative socket. The fireproof charging assembly includes a charging conversion circuit that converts AC power to DC power, a temperature protection circuit that disconnects at a predetermined temperature, and a charging on / off circuit. The charging on / off circuit and the temperature protection circuit are electrically connected to the positive socket and the negative socket, respectively, and are both connected in series with the charging conversion circuit. The charging on / off circuit includes a pulse triggering element and a unidirectional conducting element. The unidirectional conducting element includes a positive input terminal connected to the charging conversion circuit, a negative output terminal electrically connected to the socket, and a pulse triggering terminal connected to the pulse triggering element. The pulse triggering element is connected to the charging conversion circuit and the pulse triggering terminal.

2. The fireproof charging device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The charging conversion circuit includes a transformer and a DC-DC conversion sub-circuit. The transformer includes a primary winding and a secondary winding. The DC-DC conversion sub-circuit includes a Zener diode, a rectifier diode, and a first resistor connected in series. The anode of the Zener diode is connected to one end of the secondary winding, and the first resistor is connected to the other end of the secondary winding.

3. The fireproof charging device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The charging on / off circuit includes a pulse transformer connected to a unidirectional conducting element. The pulse transformer includes a primary pulse winding and a secondary pulse winding. The primary pulse winding is connected to the charging on / off circuit, and the two ends of the secondary pulse winding are connected to the negative output terminal and the pulse trigger terminal of the unidirectional conducting element, respectively.

4. The fireproof charging device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The charging on / off circuit includes a pulse trigger sub-circuit connected to the pulse trigger element. The pulse trigger sub-circuit includes a capacitor, a first variable resistor, and a second variable resistor. The capacitor and the first variable resistor are connected in series to form a first branch. The second variable resistor is connected in parallel with the first branch to form a second branch. The two ends of the second branch are respectively connected to the anode of the Zener diode and the pulse trigger terminal. The pulse trigger element is connected to the sliding end of the first variable resistor, the sliding end of the second variable resistor, and the primary pulse winding.

5. The fireproof charging device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The pulse triggering element is a unijunction transistor, which includes an emitter and two bases. The emitter is connected to the sliding end of the first variable resistor and the cathode of the Zener diode, respectively. The two bases are connected to the sliding end of the second variable resistor and one end of the primary pulse winding, respectively. The other end of the primary pulse winding is connected to the anode of the Zener diode.

6. The fireproof charging device as described in claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The pulse trigger sub-circuit includes a second resistor and a third resistor. The capacitor, the first variable resistor, and the second resistor are connected in series in sequence, and the third resistor and the second variable resistor are connected in series in sequence.

7. The fireproof charging device as described in any one of claims 3-5, characterized in that, Both the primary pulse winding and the secondary pulse winding are connected in series with a fourth resistor.

8. The fireproof charging device as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The temperature protection circuit includes a temperature controller switch, a charging conversion circuit, and a negative terminal connected in series.

9. The fireproof charging device as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The fireproof charging device includes an ammeter and a voltmeter. The ammeter is connected in series with either the positive or negative terminal, and the two ends of the voltmeter are connected to the positive and negative terminals, respectively.

10. A fireproof charging shed, characterized in that, It includes a carport body and a fireproof charging device as described in any one of claims 1-9, wherein the fireproof charging device is disposed inside the carport body.

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