Power supply equipment control guide circuit and circuit board

Abstract

The utility model discloses a power supply equipment control guide circuit in the field of power supply equipment manufacturing, and the circuit board is used for level conversion between a power supply equipment unit and a receiving equipment unit, and comprises a first level transmission conversion unit and a second level transmission conversion unit; the input end of the first level transmission conversion unit is connected with the output end of the power supply equipment unit, and the output end is connected with the input end of the receiving equipment unit; the input end of the second level transmission conversion unit is connected with the output end of the power supply equipment unit, and the output end is connected with the input end of the receiving equipment unit; the first level transmission and conversion unit and the second level transmission and conversion unit are arranged in parallel; in actual use, the driving and turn-off voltage amplitudes of the two unit transistors are both below 20V, the switching speed of the transistors is improved, the energy consumption of the system is reduced, the rising edge and falling time of PWM signals is greatly shortened, and the amplified CPPWM edge is steep, smooth and free of an overshoot phenomenon and meets the national standard test requirement.

Description

A power supply equipment control guide circuit and circuit board Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power supply equipment manufacturing technology, specifically to a power supply equipment control and guidance circuit and circuit board. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing popularity of electric vehicles, the number of supporting power supply equipment is also growing. To address the compatibility issues between charging systems of electric vehicles from different manufacturers and power supply equipment, GB / T 18487.1-2023 specifies the signal design requirements for the guidance and control circuit of power supply equipment, and GB / T 34657.1-2017 specifies the signal testing requirements for the guidance and control circuit of power supply equipment. Currently, high-speed optocouplers or high-speed operational amplifiers are commonly used in the market to implement level conversion of CP circuits (lumped parameter circuits). These components are expensive, and the chips are basically monopolized by foreign companies. Some equipment manufacturers also use conventional operational amplifiers or transistors to implement level conversion of CP circuits to save costs. These circuits are low-cost, but they have problems such as voltage amplitude attenuation and rise and fall times exceeding the design specifications defined in the standard. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a power supply equipment control and guidance circuit, circuit board, and control and guidance method. The parameters of the control and guidance circuit can simultaneously meet the national standard requirements for the signal design and signal testing of the power supply equipment guidance and control circuit.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this application employs the following technical solution:

[0005] In a first aspect, a power supply equipment control guide circuit is used for level conversion between a power supply equipment unit and a receiving equipment unit, comprising a first level transmission conversion unit and a second level transmission conversion unit;

[0006] The input terminal of the first level transmission conversion unit is connected to the output terminal of the power supply equipment unit, and the output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the receiving equipment unit;

[0007] The input terminal of the second level transmission conversion unit is connected to the output terminal of the power supply unit, and the output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the receiving unit; the first level transmission conversion unit and the second level transmission conversion unit are arranged in parallel, wherein the first level transmission conversion unit is used to form a positive power supply voltage or cut off after level conversion; the second level transmission conversion unit is used to form a negative power supply voltage or cut off after level conversion.

[0008] In a further embodiment of this application, the first level transmission conversion unit includes a first transistor, a third transistor, and a first resistor;

[0009] The first terminal of the first transistor is connected to the control port of the power supply unit, the second terminal of the first transistor is connected to the first terminal of the third transistor and the first resistor, the third terminal of the first transistor is connected to the ground of the power supply unit, the second terminal of the third transistor and the first resistor are connected to the positive terminal of the power supply unit, and the third terminal of the third transistor is connected to the input terminal of the receiving unit.

[0010] In a further embodiment of this application, the second level transmission conversion unit comprises a second transistor, a fourth transistor, and a second resistor;

[0011] The first terminal of the second transistor is connected to the control port of the power supply unit, the second terminal of the second transistor is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply unit, the third terminal of the second transistor is connected to the first terminal of the fourth transistor and the first terminal of the second resistor; the second terminal of the fourth transistor and the second terminal of the second resistor are connected to the negative power supply of the power supply unit, and the third terminal of the fourth transistor is connected to the input terminal of the receiving unit.

[0012] A further embodiment of this application also includes a resistor unit, which includes a third resistor and a fourth resistor;

[0013] The third resistor is connected between the output of the first level transmission conversion unit and the input of the receiving device unit, and the fourth resistor is connected between the output of the second level transmission conversion unit and the input of the receiving device unit.

[0014] In a further embodiment of this application, the output signal of the power supply unit is of PWM type, with a duty cycle of any value between 0% and 100%, and a duty cycle tolerance of ±0.5%.

[0015] In a further embodiment, the equivalent resistance of the third and fourth resistors is 1kΩ.

[0016] Secondly, this application provides a circuit board that includes the aforementioned power supply equipment control and guidance circuit.

[0017] Secondly, this application provides a control guidance method applied to the aforementioned power supply equipment unit; including...

[0018] Obtain the output signal of the power supply equipment;

[0019] The first level transmission conversion unit and the second level transmission conversion unit control the level conversion according to the level of the output signal, and output the power supply negative voltage, the power supply positive voltage, or cutoff.

[0020] A further aspect of this application is that the processing steps of the first level transmission conversion unit and the second level transmission conversion unit include:

[0021] Obtain the MCU_PWM signal;

[0022] When the MCU_PWM signal is high, the output voltage of the first level transmission conversion unit is +VCC signal, and the output of the second level transmission conversion unit is floating.

[0023] When the MCU_PWM signal is low, the output of the first level transmission conversion unit is floating, and the output voltage of the second level transmission conversion unit is -VCC signal.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows:

[0025] When this application is used, the high and low level control signals are transmitted through the first level transmission conversion unit and the second level transmission conversion unit respectively. In actual use, the amplitude of the transistor drive and turn-off voltage of the two units is below 20V. This solves the common problem of low voltage tolerance of components in ±12V dual power supply PWM signal push-pull circuits, improves the switching speed of transistors and reduces system energy consumption, greatly shortens the rise and fall time of PWM signals, and makes the amplified CP_PWM edge steep and smooth without overshoot, which meets the national standard test requirements.

[0026] The circuit has a simple structure and small footprint, consisting of only 4 transistors and 2 resistors. It does not require high-speed optocouplers or operational amplifiers, and the components used are simple and commonly used. Using two integrated transistors can further reduce the space occupied. The circuit has strong driving capability, ensuring that the PWM signal waveform is not distorted. The PWM signal provided to the vehicle meets the design specifications required by the standard, and the circuit has excellent EMC performance. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 is a logic diagram of the power supply equipment control and guidance circuit in an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 2 is a circuit diagram of the power supply equipment control and guidance circuit in an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 3 is a flowchart illustrating the control guidance method in an embodiment of this application.

[0030] in:

[0031] 1. Power supply unit; 2. First level transmission conversion unit; 3. Second level transmission conversion unit; 4. Resistor unit; 5. Receiving equipment unit. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit this application or its application or use. Embodiment 1

[0033] As shown in Figure 1, this embodiment discloses a power supply equipment control guide circuit for level conversion between power supply equipment unit 1 (which transmits MCU_PWM signals) and receiving equipment unit 5 (which receives CP_PWM signals). The control guide circuit includes a first level transmission conversion unit 2 and a second level transmission conversion unit 3. The input terminal of the first level transmission conversion unit 2 is connected to the output terminal of the power supply equipment unit 1, and the output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the receiving equipment unit 5. The input terminal of the second level transmission conversion unit 3 is connected to the output terminal of the power supply equipment unit 1, and the output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the receiving equipment unit 5. A resistor unit 4 is connected between the CP_PWM signal and the two level transmission conversion units. The first level transmission conversion unit 2 and the second level transmission conversion unit 3 are connected in parallel. When the circuit is working, the first level transmission conversion unit 2 can output a positive voltage or cut off the power supply after level conversion; the second level transmission conversion unit 3 can output a negative voltage or cut off the power supply after level conversion.

[0034] When the MCU_PWM signal is high, the first level of the disabling transmission conversion unit 2 sets its output voltage to +VCC signal, which is provided to the electric vehicle through the resistor unit 3. At the same time, the second level of the disabling transmission conversion unit 3 sets its output to float. When the MCU_PWM signal is low, the first level of the disabling transmission conversion unit 2 sets its output to float. At the same time, the second level of the disabling transmission conversion unit 3 sets its output voltage to -VCC signal, which is provided to the electric vehicle through the resistor unit 3.

[0035] In some embodiments, the control guidance circuit is configured as shown in Figures 1 and 2. The power supply equipment control guidance circuit consists of a first level transmission conversion unit 2, a second level transmission conversion unit 3, and a resistor unit 4. The resistor unit 4 includes a third resistor R3 and a fourth resistor R4. The third resistor R3 is connected between the output terminal of the first level transmission conversion unit 2 and the input terminal of the receiving device unit 5, and the fourth resistor R4 is connected between the output terminal of the second level transmission conversion unit 3 and the input terminal of the receiving device unit 5. In this embodiment, resistor R3 is the equivalent resistance between the output terminal of the first level transmission conversion unit 2 and the vehicle interface CP_PWM, and can be composed of one or more resistors. Here, the equivalent resistance value of R3 is 1kΩ. Resistor R4 is the equivalent resistance between the output terminal of the second level transmission conversion unit 3 and the vehicle interface CP_PWM, and can be composed of one or more resistors. Here, the equivalent resistance value of R4 is 1kΩ.

[0036] When the MCU_PWM signal is high, the first level of the disabling transmission conversion unit 2 makes the output voltage of the control guidance circuit a +VCC signal, which is then reduced by resistor unit 4 and supplied to the electric vehicle. At the same time, the second level of the disabling transmission conversion unit 3 makes the output of the control guidance circuit float. When the MCU_PWM signal is low, the first level of the disabling transmission conversion unit 2 makes the output of the control guidance circuit float, and the second level of the disabling transmission conversion unit 3 makes the output voltage of the control guidance circuit a -VCC signal, which is then reduced by resistor unit 4 and supplied to the electric vehicle.

[0037] As shown in Figure 2, in this embodiment, the signal output signal of the MCU control port is of type PWM, and the duty cycle is any value between 0% and 100%, with a duty cycle tolerance within ±0.5%.

[0038] The positive VCC voltage is typically 12V with a tolerance of ±0.6V; the negative VCC voltage is typically -12V with a tolerance of ±0.6V; the MCU_PWM high and low levels represent the MCU's operating voltage, typically 3.3V or 5V for high level and 0V for low level.

[0039] The first level transmission conversion unit 2 includes a first transistor Q1, a third transistor Q3, and a first resistor R1. The first terminal of the first transistor Q1 is connected to the control port of the MCU, the second terminal of the first transistor Q1 is connected to the first terminal of the third transistor Q3 and the first terminal of the first resistor R1, the third terminal of the first transistor Q1 is connected to the ground of the MCU, the second terminal of the third transistor Q3 and the first resistor R1 are connected to the positive terminal of the MCU, and the third terminal of the third transistor Q3 is connected to the input terminal of the receiving device unit 5. When the MCU_PWM signal is high, it drives the first transistor Q1 to conduct, causing the third transistor Q3 to output a +12V voltage, which provides a +12V voltage signal after passing through the third resistor R3. When the MCU_PWM signal is low, it turns off the first transistor Q1, pulls up the first resistor R1 to turn off the third transistor Q3, and realizes the output floating.

[0040] The second level transmission conversion unit 3 includes a second transistor Q2, a fourth transistor Q4, and a second resistor R2. The first terminal of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the control port of the MCU, the second terminal of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the positive power supply of the MCU, and the third terminal of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the first terminal of the fourth transistor Q4 and the first terminal of the second resistor R2. The second terminal of the fourth transistor Q4 and the second terminal of the second resistor R2 are connected to the negative power supply of the MCU, and the third terminal of the fourth transistor Q4 is connected to the input terminal of the receiving device unit 5. When the MCU_PWM signal is low, it drives the second transistor Q2 to conduct, causing the fourth transistor Q4 to output... A -12V voltage signal is output and supplied to the electric vehicle through the fourth resistor R4. When the MCU_PWM signal is high, the second transistor Q2 is turned off, and the second resistor R2 is pulled down to turn off the fourth transistor Q4, achieving a floating output. In this embodiment, the guiding circuit can adaptively select the first level transmission conversion unit 2 and the second level transmission conversion unit 3 according to the output signal level of the power supply unit 1. The corresponding level transmission conversion units output appropriate positive and negative voltages as required. Among them, Q1 / Q3 / Q2 / Q4 are selected as high-speed switching transistors (such as 2N2222A and 2N2907A), with a switching time of <100ns.

[0041] In this embodiment, when the circuit is used, the rise and fall times of the PWM signal at the MCU control port are less than 2μs, and the rise and fall times of the output PWM signal after passing through the PWM high and low level signal transmission and level conversion unit are less than 2μs.

[0042] In some embodiments, the control and guidance circuit is applied in the electric pile safety protection system; the circuit is configured with:

[0043] Overcurrent protection: A resettable fuse (such as MF-R050) is connected in series with R3 / R4.

[0044] Short circuit protection: Schottky diodes (such as 1N5819) are connected in series with the collectors of Q3 / Q4 to prevent reverse current.

[0045] Status feedback: The output status is fed back to the MCU in real time via an optocoupler (such as PC817).

[0046] Operating procedure: When an output short circuit is detected, the fuse blows, and the MCU simultaneously shuts down the PWM signal.

[0047] After the fault is cleared, the fuse automatically resets and the circuit resumes operation.

[0048] Signal characteristics: Fault response time <10ms, to avoid equipment damage.

[0049] The protection mechanism does not affect normal signal transmission performance. Example 2

[0050] This embodiment provides a circuit board, including the power supply equipment control guide circuit and PCB of Embodiment 1 above, with the power supply equipment control guide circuit mounted on the PCB. Embodiment 3

[0051] This embodiment discloses a control guidance method, which is implemented based on the power supply equipment control guidance circuit of the above embodiment one. The control guidance method includes the following steps;

[0052] The system acquires the MCU_PWM signal. When the MCU_PWM signal is high, it drives the first transistor Q1 to conduct, causing the third transistor Q3 to output a +12V voltage, which is then supplied to the electric vehicle through the third resistor R3. When the MCU_PWM signal is low, it turns off the first transistor Q1 and pulls up the first resistor R1 to turn off the third transistor Q3, achieving a floating output. When the MCU_PWM signal is low, it drives the second transistor Q2 to conduct, causing the fourth transistor Q4 to output a -12V voltage signal, which is then supplied to the electric vehicle through the fourth resistor R4. When the MCU_PWM signal is high, it turns off the second transistor Q2 and pulls down the second resistor R2 to turn off the fourth transistor Q4, achieving a floating output.

[0053] As can be seen from the above-described new embodiments, the control and guidance circuit of this utility model not only meets the basic functional requirements, but also adapts to complex scenarios such as high voltage, high frequency, harsh environments, safety protection, and multi-protocol compatibility through component selection, topology optimization, and functional expansion. All embodiments retain the core advantages—low cost, high response speed, and signal integrity—while further verifying its comprehensiveness in terms of technical standards, reliability, and flexibility.

[0054] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0055] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A power supply equipment control guide circuit for level conversion between a power supply equipment unit and a receiving equipment unit, characterized in that, It includes a first level transmission conversion unit and a second level transmission conversion unit; The input terminal of the first level transmission conversion unit is connected to the output terminal of the power supply equipment unit, and the output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the receiving equipment unit; The input terminal of the second level transmission conversion unit is connected to the output terminal of the power supply unit, and the output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the receiving unit; the first level transmission conversion unit and the second level transmission conversion unit are arranged in parallel, wherein the first level transmission conversion unit is used to form a positive power supply voltage or cut off after level conversion; the second level transmission conversion unit is used to form a negative power supply voltage or cut off after level conversion.

2. The power supply equipment control and guidance circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first level transmission conversion unit includes a first transistor, a third transistor, and a first resistor; the first terminal of the first transistor is connected to the control port of the power supply unit, the second terminal of the first transistor is connected to the first terminal of the third transistor and the first resistor, the third terminal of the first transistor is connected to the ground of the power supply unit, the second terminal of the third transistor and the first resistor is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply unit, and the third terminal of the third transistor is connected to the input terminal of the receiving unit.

3. The power supply equipment control and guidance circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second level transmission conversion unit comprises a second transistor, a fourth transistor, and a second resistor; the first terminal of the second transistor is connected to the control port of the power supply unit, the second terminal of the second transistor is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply unit, the third terminal of the second transistor is connected to the first terminal of the fourth transistor and the first terminal of the second resistor; the second terminal of the fourth transistor and the second terminal of the second resistor are connected to the negative power supply of the power supply unit, and the third terminal of the fourth transistor is connected to the input terminal of the receiving unit.

4. The power supply equipment control and guidance circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a resistor unit, which includes a third resistor and a fourth resistor; the third resistor is connected between the output terminal of the first level transmission conversion unit and the input terminal of the receiving device unit, and the fourth resistor is connected between the output terminal of the second level transmission conversion unit and the input terminal of the receiving device unit.

5. The power supply equipment control and guidance circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The equivalent resistance values ​​of the third resistor and the fourth resistor are equal.

6. The power supply equipment control and guidance circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The equivalent resistance of the third and fourth resistors is 1kΩ.

7. The power supply equipment control and guidance circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The output signal of the power supply unit is of PWM type, with a duty cycle of any value between 0% and 100%, and a duty cycle tolerance of ±0.5%.

8. A circuit board, characterized in that, The circuit board includes a power supply control guide circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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