Slag recovery system after household garbage incineration

Abstract

The utility model discloses a household garbage incineration furnace slag recovery system which comprises a slag cooling device and a sorting device, the sorting device comprises three stages of screening mechanisms, a sewage cylinder is arranged below each stage of screening mechanism, and a furnace slag collecting cylinder is arranged in each sewage cylinder; the spiral conveying device is connected with the slag collecting barrel in each stage of screening mechanism, a hot air mechanism is arranged on the spiral conveying device, and hot air in the hot air mechanism comes from combustion-supporting air of a garbage incinerator; the crushing device comprises two stages of crushing mechanisms, and the two stages of crushing mechanisms are respectively used for crushing the slag in the spiral conveying device; the magnetic separation device comprises a conveying belt and a magnetic separation mechanism arranged on the conveying belt, the conveying belt is used for conveying the slag crushed by the crushing device, and the magnetic separation mechanism is used for screening metal slag in the crushed slag.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of municipal solid waste incineration technology, and specifically relates to a system for recycling slag after municipal solid waste incineration. Background Technology

[0002] The main methods for treating municipal solid waste include landfill, composting, and incineration. Incineration is currently one of the most effective waste treatment methods, as it can largely achieve the goals of harmlessness, volume reduction, and resource recovery of municipal solid waste. Municipal solid waste is incinerated in an incinerator. During incineration, the primary air is heated from room temperature (approximately 20°C) to 190°C–220°C by steam extraction before being introduced into the furnace for combustion. After incineration, approximately 20%–25% slag is produced, with a temperature of 400°C–500°C. The slag is typically cooled by a water-cooled slag discharger below the slag outlet of the incinerator. However, due to the high temperature of the slag itself, the temperature of the slag remains very high even after cooling by the water-cooled slag discharger.

[0003] If the ash from municipal solid waste incineration is directly landfilled, it wastes land resources, while some substances in the ash can be reused. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device to recycle the ash obtained after municipal solid waste incineration. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a system for recovering slag from municipal solid waste incineration, thereby solving the problem of how to recover slag obtained after municipal solid waste incineration in the existing technology. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0005] A system for recycling slag after municipal solid waste incineration, including

[0006] A slag cooling device, the slag cooling device including a water spray pipe and a nozzle connected to the water spray pipe;

[0007] The sorting device includes a three-stage screening mechanism, with a wastewater tank below each screening mechanism and a slag collection tank inside the wastewater tank.

[0008] A screw conveyor is connected to the slag collection cylinder in each stage of the screening mechanism. The screw conveyor is equipped with a hot air mechanism, and the hot air in the hot air mechanism comes from the combustion air of the waste incinerator.

[0009] The crushing device includes a two-stage crushing mechanism, which crushes the slag in the screw conveyor device.

[0010] A magnetic separation device, comprising a conveyor belt and a magnetic separation mechanism disposed on the conveyor belt, wherein the conveyor belt transports slag crushed by the crushing device, and the magnetic separation mechanism filters out metallic slag from the crushed slag.

[0011] Preferably, the three-stage screening mechanism includes a primary screen bar, a secondary screen bar, and a tertiary screen bar. Multiple primary screen bars are arranged side by side, forming primary screening holes between them. Multiple secondary screen bars are arranged side by side, forming secondary screening holes between them. Multiple tertiary screen bars are arranged side by side, forming tertiary screening holes between them. The gaps between the primary screening holes, the secondary screening holes, and the tertiary screening holes increase sequentially.

[0012] Preferably, the slag collection cylinder is provided with a water outlet, the bottom of the slag collection cylinder is connected to a conveying pipe, the conveying pipe passes through the wastewater cylinder, a baffle is provided between the conveying pipe and the slag collection cylinder, the wastewater cylinder is provided with an operation window and a water outlet, and a filter screen is connected at the water outlet.

[0013] Preferably, the screw conveyor includes a housing, in which a screw is disposed, the screw being driven to rotate by a drive motor, the drive motor being disposed inside the housing, and a baffle plate being disposed between the drive motor and the screw.

[0014] A feed inlet is provided on the upper part of the machine housing near the drive motor, and a discharge outlet is provided on the lower part of the machine housing away from the drive motor;

[0015] The housing is provided with an air vent, which is connected to the hot air mechanism.

[0016] Preferably, a discharge pipe is connected to the discharge port, and the discharge pipe is connected to the crushing device.

[0017] Preferably, the two-stage crushing mechanism includes a first-stage crushing cylinder and a second-stage crushing cylinder. A crushing roller is connected in the first-stage crushing cylinder, and a rotating shaft is provided in the second-stage crushing cylinder. A rotating blade is connected on the rotating shaft, and a crushing blade is connected to the inner wall of the second-stage crushing cylinder. The rotating blade and the crushing blade are staggered.

[0018] A material pipe is connected between the first-stage crushing cylinder and the second-stage crushing cylinder, and an air outlet is provided on the second-stage crushing cylinder.

[0019] Preferably, the distance between the rotating blade and the crushing blade in the second-stage crushing cylinder gradually decreases from top to bottom.

[0020] Preferably, the magnetic separation mechanism includes a magnetic separation roller and a magnetic separation box. The magnetic separation roller is equipped with a permanent magnet and is located in the magnetic separation box. The magnetic separation box is connected to the frame of the conveyor belt. The lower end of the magnetic separation box is provided with a magnetic separation port. Metal slag in the slag on the conveyor belt is adsorbed by the magnetic separation roller at the magnetic separation port. The upper end of the magnetic separation box is provided with a negative pressure port and a negative pressure fan is connected to the negative pressure port.

[0021] This utility model provides a municipal solid waste incineration slag recovery system. The slag processed by a water-cooled slag discharger enters a three-stage screening mechanism. Each screening mechanism is equipped with a water spray pipe and nozzles at the top. When the slag reaches the screening mechanism, it is cooled again by water spraying, simultaneously completing the screening. The slag collected in the slag collection cylinder of each screening mechanism is then transported to a crushing device via a screw conveyor. The slag from each screening stage is crushed accordingly. During the screw conveyor transport, hot air is introduced to dry the slag, preventing water from increasing its adhesion and causing it to stick to the relevant equipment during subsequent crushing. The dried slag then undergoes two stages of crushing. The crushed slag is then screened by a magnetic separator to remove ferromagnetic metals. Therefore, this utility model provides a municipal solid waste incineration slag recovery system capable of classifying and recycling the slag obtained after municipal solid waste incineration. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the municipal solid waste incineration slag recycling system provided by this utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the sorting device and the screw conveyor provided by this utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the crushing device and the screw conveyor provided by this utility model;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the crushing device and the magnetic separation device provided by this utility model;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sorting device provided by this utility model;

[0028] Explanation of key figure labels:

[0029] 1-Cold slag device, 2-Sewage tank, 3-Slag collection tank, 4-Sorting device, 5-First-stage screen bar, 6-Second-stage screen bar, 7-Third-stage screen bar, 51-First-stage screening hole, 61-Second-stage screening hole, 71-Third-stage screening hole, 8-Conveying pipe, 9-Baffle plate, 10-Screw conveyor device, 21-Operating window, 22-Outlet, 23-Cold slag water collection area, 101-Casing, 11-Screw body, 12-Drive motor, 13 - Discharge pipe, 101- Feed inlet, 102- Discharge outlet, 103- Air outlet, 14- Air duct, 15- First-stage crushing cylinder, 16- Second-stage crushing cylinder, 17- Crushing roller, 18- Rotating shaft, 19- Rotating blade, 20- Crushing blade, 24- Material pipe, 25- Magnetic separator roller, 26- Magnetic separator box, 27- Permanent magnet, 28- Frame, 261- Magnetic separator port, 262- Negative pressure port, 29- Conveyor belt, 30- Magnetic separator device. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0031] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "top surface", "bottom surface", "inner", "outer", "inner side", "outer side", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0032] In the description of this utility model, "several" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. If the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used in the description, they are for descriptive purposes and to distinguish technical features, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the sequential relationship of the indicated technical features.

[0033] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "setting" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances. The embodiments of this utility model will now be described based on its overall structure.

[0034] See Figure 1 A system for recycling slag after municipal solid waste incineration, comprising:

[0035] The slag cooling device 1 includes a water spray pipe and a nozzle connected to the water spray pipe.

[0036] The sorting device 4 includes a three-stage screening mechanism, with a wastewater cylinder 2 located below each screening mechanism, and a slag collection cylinder 3 located in the wastewater cylinder 2.

[0037] A screw conveyor 10 is connected to the slag collection cylinder 3 in each stage of the screening mechanism. The screw conveyor is equipped with a hot air mechanism, and the hot air in the hot air mechanism comes from the combustion air of the waste incinerator.

[0038] The crushing device includes a two-stage crushing mechanism, which crushes the slag in the screw conveyor device.

[0039] A magnetic separation device, comprising a conveyor belt 29 and a magnetic separation mechanism disposed on the conveyor belt 29, wherein the conveyor belt 29 transports the slag crushed by the crushing device, and the magnetic separation mechanism filters out the metal slag from the crushed slag.

[0040] See Figure 1 and Figure 5 The three-stage screening mechanism includes a primary screening bar 5, a secondary screening bar 6, and a tertiary screening bar 7. Multiple primary screening bars 5 are arranged side by side, forming primary screening holes 51 between them. Multiple secondary screening bars 6 are arranged side by side, forming secondary screening holes 61 between them. Multiple tertiary screening bars 7 are arranged side by side, forming tertiary screening holes 71 between them. The gaps between the primary screening holes 51, the secondary screening holes 61, and the tertiary screening holes 71 increase sequentially.

[0041] The primary screen bar 5, secondary screen bar 6, and tertiary screen bar 7 are respectively inclinedly arranged above the wastewater cylinder 2, with the lower end of the primary screen bar 5 above the higher end of the secondary screen bar 6, and the lower end of the secondary screen bar 6 above the higher end of the tertiary screen bar 7. The slag after passing through the water-cooled slag discharge machine is directly discharged to the higher end of the primary screen bar 5, and the slag is graded and screened by the screening holes formed between the various screen bars. Water spray pipes and nozzles are located above the primary screen bar 5, secondary screen bar 6, and tertiary screen bar 7 to spray water and cool the slag on these screens, achieving secondary cooling and grading of the slag after passing through the water-cooled slag discharge machine.

[0042] See Figure 2 The slag collection cylinder 3 is provided with a water outlet hole. The bottom of the slag collection cylinder 3 is connected to a conveying pipe 8. The conveying pipe 8 passes through the sewage cylinder 2. A baffle plate 9 is provided between the conveying pipe 8 and the slag collection cylinder 3. The sewage cylinder 2 is provided with an operation window 21 and a water outlet 22. A filter screen is connected at the water outlet 22.

[0043] When the slag is discharged onto the screen rod, the slag cooling device 1 sprays water onto the slag. Simultaneously, the slag falls through the screening holes into the corresponding slag collection cylinder. Water from the slag cooling process drips into the slag collection cylinder 3. Multiple water outlets on the slag collection cylinder 3 allow the water inside to flow into the wastewater cylinder 2. When the slag collection cylinder 3 is full of slag, the feeding onto the screen rod stops, and the water outlets allow for filtration of the slag. A conveying pipe 8 passes through the bottom of the wastewater cylinder 2, and the connection between the conveying pipe 8 and the wastewater cylinder 2 is sealed with sealant. A discharge port is located at the bottom of the slag collection cylinder 3, and a baffle plate 9 is installed between the discharge port and the conveying pipe 8. The operation window 21 on the sewage tank 2 is located at the upper bottom of the sewage tank 2, allowing the operator to operate the baffle plate 9 through the operation window 21. At the same time, the lower end of the operation window 21 and the bottom of the sewage tank 2 form a cold slag water collection area 23. The operator can also clean the bottom of the sewage tank 2 through the operation window 21. The outlet 22 on the sewage tank 2 can discharge the cold slag water in the sewage tank 2.

[0044] The sewage pipe is connected to the outlet of sewage tank 2. The sewage pipe leads the water to the primary sedimentation tank. The sewage in the primary sedimentation tank overflows to the secondary sedimentation tank. The sewage in the secondary sedimentation tank overflows to the tertiary sedimentation tank. The overflow water in the tertiary sedimentation tank can be returned to the slag cooling device for slag cooling, and can also be used for the water-cooled slag discharge machine.

[0045] See Figure 2The spiral conveying device includes a housing 100, in which a spiral body 11 is disposed. The spiral body 11 is driven to rotate by a drive motor 12. The drive motor 12 is disposed inside the housing 100. A baffle plate is disposed between the drive motor 12 and the spiral body 11. The baffle plate can prevent slag from contacting the drive motor 12.

[0046] A feed inlet 101 is provided on the upper part of the housing 100 near the drive motor 12, and a discharge outlet 102 is provided on the lower part of the housing 100 away from the drive motor 12. An air vent 103 is provided on the housing 100, and the air vent 103 is connected to the hot air mechanism.

[0047] A discharge pipe 13 is connected to the discharge port 102, and the discharge pipe 13 is connected to the crushing device.

[0048] The conveying pipe 8 is connected to the feed inlet of the casing 100 of the screw conveyor. The slag, after being filtered in the slag collection cylinder 3, enters the casing 10 through the conveying pipe 8. Simultaneously, hot air is supplied into the casing 100 through the air vent 103. The screw 11 within the casing 100, driven by a motor, transports the slag from the feed inlet 101 to the discharge outlet 102. During this process, the hot air dries the slag containing water. The slag in the casing 100 then enters the crushing device through the discharge pipe 13.

[0049] The hot air mechanism includes an air duct 14, which connects to the primary and secondary air supply of the incinerator, directly utilizing the combustion air required for combustion without the need for additional equipment. An air valve is connected to the air duct to control the airflow into the screw conveyor.

[0050] See Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The two-stage crushing mechanism includes a first-stage crushing cylinder 15 and a second-stage crushing cylinder 16. A crushing roller 17 is connected to the first-stage crushing cylinder 15. A rotating shaft 18 is provided in the second-stage crushing cylinder 16, and rotating blades 19 are connected to the rotating shaft 18. Crushing blades 20 are connected to the inner wall of the second-stage crushing cylinder 16, and the rotating blades 19 and crushing blades 20 are staggered. A material pipe 24 connects the first-stage crushing cylinder 15 and the second-stage crushing cylinder 16, and an air outlet is provided on the second-stage crushing cylinder 16.

[0051] In the second-stage crushing cylinder 16, the distance between the rotating blade 19 and the crushing blade 20 gradually decreases from top to bottom.

[0052] The screw conveyor corresponding to the first-stage screen bar 5 is equipped with a second-stage crushing cylinder 16, and the screw conveyors corresponding to the second-stage screen bar 6 and the third-stage screen bar 7 are equipped with a first-stage crushing cylinder 15 and a second-stage crushing cylinder 16.

[0053] For the slag selected by the secondary screen 6 and the tertiary screen 7, the discharge pipe 13 on the casing 100 of the screw conveyor extends into the first-stage crushing cylinder 15 and is located above the two crushing rollers 17. The slag falls from the discharge pipe between the two crushing rollers 17, and the rotating crushing rollers 17 squeeze the slag, achieving the breaking and crushing of the slag. The slag crushed by the crushing rollers 17 enters the second-stage crushing cylinder 16 through the feed pipe 24 between the first-stage crushing cylinder 15 and the second-stage crushing cylinder 16. In the second-stage crushing cylinder 16, the crushing blades on the second-stage crushing cylinder 16 do not rotate, while the rotating blades on the rotating shaft 18 rotate. The mutually staggered rotating blades 19 and crushing blades 20 can perform secondary crushing of the slag. And because the distance between the rotating blades 19 and crushing blades 20 gradually shortens from top to bottom, the slag undergoes a staged progressive crushing process as it falls from top to bottom in the second-stage crushing cylinder 16.

[0054] A baffle plate is installed between the bottom of the first-stage crushing cylinder 15 and the material pipe 24. The operator can adjust the degree of material blocking by the baffle plate as needed. Both the first-stage crushing cylinder 15 and the second-stage crushing cylinder 16 are equipped with air outlets for discharging hot air. The exhaust configuration can be determined as needed; for example, the hot air flowing from the casing 100 to both the first-stage crushing cylinder 15 and the second-stage crushing cylinder 16 can be discharged through the air outlet on the second-stage crushing cylinder 16.

[0055] See Figure 4 The magnetic separation mechanism includes a magnetic separation roller 25 and a magnetic separation box 26. A permanent magnet 27 is provided on the magnetic separation roller 25. The magnetic separation roller 25 is located in the magnetic separation box 26. The magnetic separation box 26 is connected to the frame 28. A magnetic separation port 261 is provided at the lower end of the magnetic separation box 26. Metal slag in the slag on the conveyor belt 29 is adsorbed by the magnetic separation roller 25 at the position of the magnetic separation port 261. A negative pressure port 262 is provided at the upper end of the magnetic separation box 26. A negative pressure fan is connected to the negative pressure port 262.

[0056] Multiple magnetic separator rollers 25 and magnetic separator boxes 26 are installed on the conveyor belt 29. The slag, after being crushed by the crushing device, is discharged onto the conveyor belt 29. When it passes through the magnetic separation port 261 on the magnetic separator box 26, the ferromagnetic metals in the slag are adsorbed by the magnetic separator rollers 25 at the port 261. When the magnetic separator roller containing the metal slag rotates to the negative pressure port 262, it is sucked away and collected by the negative pressure fan. After passing through the magnetic separator rollers 25, the slag reaches the other end of the conveyor belt 29, where it is collected.

[0057] In summary, the present invention provides a system for recycling slag after municipal solid waste incineration, which performs slag cooling, sorting, crushing, and magnetic separation on the slag after municipal solid waste incineration, thereby realizing the recycling and utilization of the slag.

[0058] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention is for illustrative and explanatory purposes. These descriptions are not intended to limit the present invention to the precise forms disclosed, and it is obvious that many changes and variations can be made based on the above teachings. Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, these specific embodiments are merely explanations of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. The specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. The purpose of selecting and describing exemplary embodiments is to explain the specific principles of the present invention and its practical application, so that those skilled in the art, after reading this specification, can make modifications, substitutions, variations, and various choices and changes to the embodiments as needed without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, provided that such modifications, substitutions, variations, and choices and changes are within the scope of the claims of the present invention and are protected by patent law.

Claims

1. A system for recycling slag after municipal solid waste incineration, characterized in that, include A slag cooling device, the slag cooling device including a water spray pipe and a nozzle connected to the water spray pipe; The sorting device includes a three-stage screening mechanism, with a wastewater tank below each screening mechanism and a slag collection tank inside the wastewater tank. A screw conveyor is connected to the slag collection cylinder in each stage of the screening mechanism. The screw conveyor is equipped with a hot air mechanism, and the hot air in the hot air mechanism comes from the combustion air of the waste incinerator. The crushing device includes a two-stage crushing mechanism, which crushes the slag in the screw conveyor device. A magnetic separation device, comprising a conveyor belt and a magnetic separation mechanism disposed on the conveyor belt, wherein the conveyor belt transports slag crushed by the crushing device, and the magnetic separation mechanism filters out metallic slag from the crushed slag.

2. The municipal solid waste incineration slag recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The three-stage screening mechanism includes a primary screen bar, a secondary screen bar, and a tertiary screen bar. Multiple primary screen bars are arranged side by side, forming primary screening holes between them. Multiple secondary screen bars are arranged side by side, forming secondary screening holes between them. Multiple tertiary screen bars are arranged side by side, forming tertiary screening holes between them. The gaps between the primary, secondary, and tertiary screening holes increase sequentially.

3. The municipal solid waste incineration slag recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slag collection cylinder is provided with a water outlet, and a conveying pipe is connected to the bottom of the slag collection cylinder. The conveying pipe passes through the wastewater cylinder, and a baffle plate is provided between the conveying pipe and the slag collection cylinder. The wastewater cylinder is provided with an operation window and a water outlet, and a filter screen is connected at the water outlet.

4. A municipal solid waste incineration slag recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The screw conveyor includes a housing, in which a screw is disposed. The screw is driven to rotate by a drive motor, which is disposed inside the housing. A baffle is disposed between the drive motor and the screw. A feed inlet is provided on the upper part of the machine housing near the drive motor, and a discharge outlet is provided on the lower part of the machine housing away from the drive motor; The housing is provided with an air vent, which is connected to the hot air mechanism.

5. A municipal solid waste incineration slag recovery system according to claim 4, characterized in that, A discharge pipe is connected to the discharge port, and the discharge pipe is connected to the crushing device.

6. A municipal solid waste incineration slag recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two-stage crushing mechanism includes a first-stage crushing cylinder and a second-stage crushing cylinder. A crushing roller is connected in the first-stage crushing cylinder, and a rotating shaft is provided in the second-stage crushing cylinder. A rotating blade is connected on the rotating shaft, and a crushing blade is connected to the inner wall of the second-stage crushing cylinder. The rotating blade and the crushing blade are staggered. A material pipe is connected between the first-stage crushing cylinder and the second-stage crushing cylinder, and an air outlet is provided on the second-stage crushing cylinder.

7. A municipal solid waste incineration slag recovery system according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the second-stage crushing cylinder, the distance between the rotating blade and the crushing blade gradually decreases from top to bottom.

8. A municipal solid waste incineration slag recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic separation mechanism includes a magnetic separation roller and a magnetic separation box. The magnetic separation roller is equipped with a permanent magnet and is located in the magnetic separation box. The magnetic separation box is connected to the frame of the conveyor belt. The lower end of the magnetic separation box is provided with a magnetic separation port. The metal slag in the slag on the conveyor belt is adsorbed by the magnetic separation roller at the magnetic separation port. The upper end of the magnetic separation box is provided with a negative pressure port and a negative pressure fan is connected to the negative pressure port.

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