Portable heat preservation compost bin suitable for high and cold pasturing area

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of portable heat preservation boxes, and relates to a portable heat preservation compost box suitable for high and cold pasturing areas. The composting box comprises a box base, a box body and a box cover which are sequentially connected, the box base comprises a tray and a cushion plate located above the tray, vent holes are formed in at least one side of the tray, a corrugated guide plate is arranged in the tray, the surface of the corrugated guide plate is covered with a carbon fiber heating piece, V-shaped guide grooves are formed in the two ends of the corrugated guide plate, and the bottoms of the V-shaped guide grooves are connected with the vent holes. Screen holes are formed in the cushion plate, holes are formed in the surface of the box cover, exhaust fans are installed on the holes, and the carbon fiber heating pieces and the exhaust fans are powered by a storage battery supported by a photovoltaic panel. Through the design of the V-shaped flow guide grooves, the corrugated flow guide plates and the carbon fiber heating pieces, cold air is preheated before entering a pile body, and through the design of the folding structure and the nylon braid hinge, the portable and durable functions of the heat preservation box are enhanced; according to the utility model, the problems of continuous ventilation, poor heat preservation and poor portability of the traditional composting device in a low-temperature environment are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of portable insulated boxes, specifically relating to a portable insulated composting box suitable for high-altitude pastoral areas. Background Technology

[0002] In high-altitude pastoral areas (such as the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau), traditional composting technology faces great challenges due to harsh climatic conditions such as low temperatures all year round, large temperature differences between day and night, and long periods of permafrost. If the large amount of livestock manure (such as yak manure and sheep manure) produced by animal husbandry in pastoral areas is directly piled up without treatment, it will not only degrade slowly and cause environmental pollution, but also lead to the waste of organic resources.

[0003] The following limitations exist in the current composting devices on the market: (1) The composting devices in low-temperature environments have poor heat preservation adaptability and it is difficult to balance ventilation and heat preservation: Traditional composting boxes rely on natural fermentation to generate heat, but in high-altitude and cold regions (average daily temperature ≤5℃), the compost body is difficult to reach the temperature range of 40-60℃ required for the activity of thermophilic bacteria, resulting in the composting cycle being extended to more than 6 months and the degree of decomposition being low; Conventional composting boxes supply oxygen through bottom openings or forced ventilation, but in high-altitude and cold regions, the direct entry of cold air will exacerbate heat loss, resulting in a sudden drop in the temperature of the compost body. Existing technologies lack optimization design for air intake preheating or airflow path, and cannot balance the needs of ventilation (aerobic fermentation) and heat energy retention; (2) The contradiction between portability and durability: Pastoral herders need to migrate with the seasons, and the existing composting equipment is mostly fixed or rigid, with a large volume and cannot be folded, making it difficult to adapt to yak carrying or vehicle transportation. Some lightweight designs use soft materials, but they have weak wind resistance and are easily damaged by wild animals. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to propose a portable insulated composting box suitable for high-altitude pastoral areas. Through the synergistic design of V-shaped flow channels, corrugated flow plates, and carbon fiber heating elements, cold air is preheated to 10-15°C before entering the composting body located on the pad. Combined with vacuum insulation panels, this ensures that the core temperature inside the box remains stable above 50°C in high-altitude and cold regions. The folding structure of the box and the nylon webbing hinge design make it easy to carry and durable. This invention is well-suited for long-term outdoor insulation and ventilation experiments in high-altitude and cold regions.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0006] A portable insulated composting box suitable for high-altitude pastoral areas includes a box base 1, a box body 2, and a box cover 3 connected in sequence. The box base 1 includes a tray 11 and a pad 12 located above the tray 11. At least one side of the tray 11 is provided with a ventilation hole 117. The inside of the tray 11 is provided with a corrugated guide plate 114. The surface of the corrugated guide plate 114 is covered with a carbon fiber heating element 115. V-shaped guide grooves 116 are opened at both ends of the corrugated guide plate 114. The bottom of the V-shaped guide grooves 116 is connected to the ventilation hole 117. The pad 12 is provided with a sieve hole 122. The surface of the box cover 3 is perforated and an exhaust fan 35 is installed. A photovoltaic panel 31 is installed on the outer surface of the box cover 3. A storage battery 32 is installed inside the box body 2. The carbon fiber heating element 115 and the exhaust fan 35 are electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel 31 and the storage battery 32, respectively.

[0007] Furthermore, the corrugated guide plate 114 has a peak height of 8-10 mm and a peak-to-trough inclination angle of 35°-45°.

[0008] Furthermore, the V-shaped guide channel 116 has a channel width of 3-8mm, a channel depth of 10-15mm, and a channel bottom slope of 5-8°.

[0009] Furthermore, the geometric diameter of the vent 117 is 5-10 mm.

[0010] Furthermore, the geometric diameter of the sieve hole 122 is 5-10 mm, and the spacing between the sieve holes 122 is 1.5-2 times the geometric diameter of the sieve hole 122.

[0011] Furthermore, the housing 2 includes at least 6 side panels 23 that are sequentially and movably connected.

[0012] Furthermore, the pallet 11 has ground nail holes 111 on its side, and the box cover 3 has windproof zipper hanging holes 37 on its side.

[0013] Furthermore, a controller and a temperature probe 4 are installed on the inner surface of the cover 3, and the battery 32 is electrically connected to the controller, the temperature probe 4, the carbon fiber heating element 115, and the exhaust fan 35 respectively.

[0014] Furthermore, the tray 11, pad 12, box body 2 and box cover 3 are all made of HDPE material, wherein the top of the box body 2 and box cover 3 is made of two layers of HDPE board, and the space between the two layers of HDPE board is filled with vacuum insulation board.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, this utility model provides a portable composting box suitable for high-altitude pastures, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. Low-temperature and high-efficiency fermentation: Through the synergistic design of V-shaped flow channels, corrugated flow plates and carbon fiber heating plates, cold air is preheated to 10-15℃ before entering the pile located on the pad. Combined with vacuum insulation board insulation, it ensures that the internal core temperature of this utility model is stable above 50℃ in cold regions (-20℃), which significantly shortens the composting cycle (more than 50% less than traditional methods).

[0017] 2. Portability and durability combined: The folding structure of the box (overall thickness ≤160mm) and the nylon webbing hinge design can withstand folding operations at temperatures as low as -30℃. The folded box weighs less than 15kg, making it suitable for yak transport. The compost box can be unfolded and set up in just 15 seconds, making it convenient for herders to operate. The HDPE shell is impact-resistant, anti-aging, and has a lifespan of more than 5 years.

[0018] 3. Leachate antifreeze and self-cleaning: The compost leachate is guided by a V-shaped guide channel and auxiliary carbon fiber heating plate (it does not freeze at -20℃). The slope of the bottom of the channel and the detachable box base reduce the risk of blockage. Herdsmen only need to do simple cleaning once a month.

[0019] 4. Energy self-sufficiency and intelligent control: The photovoltaic-battery system (600W+300Ah) enables off-grid power supply. With the help of a graded temperature control strategy (heating / ventilation linkage), the daily energy consumption is ≤2kWh. It can run for 3 days in cloudy and rainy weather, completely solving the problem of power shortage in pastoral areas.

[0020] 5. Eco-friendly and low-cost maintenance: Electrostatic cotton filter cartridges (washable and reusable) replace activated carbon for odor adsorption, reducing annual maintenance costs by 80%.

[0021] 6. Wind-resistant and animal-proof design: Frozen ground nails + windproof cables for fixation, resisting gale-force winds of up to level 8; small ventilation holes (8mm in diameter) effectively prevent rodents from entering.

[0022] In summary, this invention enables rapid ventilation, heating, and insulation of the container in low-temperature environments, while also being portable and durable. It solves the technical problems of poor ventilation, insulation, and portability of traditional composting devices in low-temperature environments. This invention is well-suited for long-term outdoor insulation and ventilation experiments in cold regions. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the unfolding process of this utility model.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the housing assembly of this utility model.

[0026] Figure 4This is a magnified view of a portion of the tray.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a side view of the tray.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the combination of the exhaust fan and the electrostatic cotton filter element of this utility model.

[0029] In the diagram: 1. Box base; 11. Tray; 111. Ground nail hole; 112. Screw; 113. IP67 quick-connect interface; 114. Corrugated baffle; 115. Carbon fiber heating element; 116. V-shaped baffle; 117. Vent hole; 12. Pad; 121. Lock; 122. Screen hole; 123. Box base groove; 2. Box body; 21. Nylon webbing hinge; 22. Discharge port; 23. Side plate; 3. Box cover; 31. Photovoltaic panel; 32. Battery; 33. Temperature probe interface; 34. Temperature probe storage compartment; 35. Exhaust fan; 36. Electrostatic cotton filter element; 37. Windproof zipper hanging hole; 38. Box cover groove; 4. Temperature probe. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The following is combined Figures 1 to 6 The present invention will be further described in detail below:

[0031] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a portable insulated composting box suitable for high-altitude pastoral areas includes a box base 1, a box body 2, and a box lid 3 connected in sequence. Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the housing 1 includes a tray 11 and a pad 12 located above the tray 11. At least one side of the tray 11 is provided with a vent 117. The inside of the tray 11 is provided with a corrugated guide plate 114. The surface of the corrugated guide plate 114 is covered with a carbon fiber heating element 115. V-shaped guide grooves 116 are opened at both ends of the corrugated guide plate 114. The bottom of the V-shaped guide grooves 116 is connected to the vent 117. The pad 12 is provided with a sieve hole 122. The surface of the housing cover 3 is perforated and an exhaust fan 35 is installed. A photovoltaic panel 31 is installed on the outer surface of the housing cover 3. A storage battery 32 is installed inside the housing 2. The carbon fiber heating element 115 and the exhaust fan 35 are electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel 31 and the storage battery 32, respectively. The carbon fiber heating element 115 and the exhaust fan 35 are powered by the storage battery 32 supported by the photovoltaic panel 31.

[0032] Specifically, the overall ventilation and insulation process of the insulated compost bin is as follows: When the exhaust fan 35 is turned on, negative pressure is achieved inside the bin. Cold air enters through the vent 117 and is decelerated and diverted by the V-shaped guide groove 116. Then, the cold air enters the corrugated guide plate 114 for preheating to 10-15°C. The heated air rises and enters the compost body through the sieve hole 122, and finally is discharged to the outside through the exhaust fan 35.

[0033] Specifically, the corrugated guide plate 114 has a peak height of 8-10 mm and a peak-to-trough inclination angle of 35-45°.

[0034] Specifically, the V-shaped guide channel 116 has a channel width of 3-8mm, a channel depth of 10-15mm, and a channel bottom slope of 5-8°.

[0035] Specifically, the geometric diameter of the vent 117 is 5-10 mm.

[0036] Specifically, the geometric diameter of the sieve hole 122 is 5-10mm, the spacing between the sieve holes 122 is 1.5-2 times the geometric diameter of the sieve hole 122, and the percentage of the area of ​​the sieve hole 122 to the pad 12, i.e. the opening rate, is 30-40%. The sieve hole 122 intercepts undecomposed organic matter (straw / manure lumps > 10mm) above the pad 12 to prevent it from clogging the ventilation system. At the same time, the optimized parameters of the sieve hole 122 can effectively avoid the phenomenon of uneven gas distribution in the pile.

[0037] Specifically, the box body 2 includes at least 6 side panels 23 connected in sequence. Adjacent side panels 23 are connected by nylon webbing hinges 21. The 6 side panels 23 can be composed of two first side panels (large side panels) and four second side panels (small side panels) to realize the folding and unfolding function of the box body 2. When the box body 2 is not in use, adjacent side panels 23 can be folded into a flat structure by nylon webbing hinges 21. The thickness of the flat structure is ≤120mm.

[0038] Specifically, the nylon webbing hinge 21 of the housing 2 has a width of 20mm and a tensile strength ≥2000N.

[0039] Specifically, the pad 12 has a box base groove 123 around its perimeter. The groove 123 has a depth of 20-30mm and a width that is the same as the thickness of the side plate 23 of the box body 2. After the box body 2 is unfolded, its lower end coincides with the groove 123, thereby fixing the box body 2.

[0040] Specifically, the tray 11 and the pad 12 are detachably connected and can be assembled into a box base 1 by screws 112.

[0041] Specifically, the base 1 and the housing 2 are movably connected, and quick assembly and disassembly can be achieved by setting a latch 121 on the pad 12 and the housing 2.

[0042] Specifically, a discharge port 22 is provided on one side of the box body 2 to allow the material to be removed after it has been fermented.

[0043] Specifically, the pallet 11 has an M10 ground nail hole 111 on its side, which is adapted to Φ8mm frozen ground nails; the box cover 3 has a windproof zipper hanging hole 37 on its side, which has an 8mm diameter and a maximum tensile strength ≥1000N.

[0044] Specifically, a battery 32, a controller, and a temperature probe 4 are installed on the inner surface of the box cover 3. The photovoltaic panel 31 supplies power to the controller, temperature probe 4, carbon fiber heating element 115, and exhaust fan 35 through the battery 32. The controller reads the temperature value inside the box through the temperature probe 4, and then executes a graded temperature control strategy for the carbon fiber heating element 115 and exhaust fan 35.

[0045] Specifically, a temperature probe interface 33 is provided on the surface of the box cover 3, and a temperature probe storage compartment 34 is installed on the surface of the box cover 3. The temperature probe 4 is placed inside the box body 2 through the temperature probe interface 33, and the temperature probe 4 is placed in the temperature probe storage compartment 34 when not in use.

[0046] like Figure 6 As shown, an electrostatic cotton filter element 36 is installed below the exhaust fan 35 via a spiral device. The electrostatic cotton filter element 36 has a PET / stainless steel mesh composite structure and is connected to the exhaust fan via an M6 thread. It has a filtration efficiency of ≥95% and supports water washing and reuse.

[0047] Specifically, the photovoltaic panel 31 is a flexible monocrystalline silicon module with a rated power of 600W and a fixed installation tilt angle of 10°-15°.

[0048] Specifically, the controller reads the internal temperature value through temperature probe 4, and then implements a graded temperature control strategy for the carbon fiber heating element 115 and the exhaust fan 35. Heating control: When the reactor core temperature is <25℃, the carbon fiber heating element 115 operates at full power; when 25℃ ≤ reactor core temperature <50℃, the heating element operates intermittently, specifically working for 5 minutes and stopping for 5 minutes; heating is turned off when the reactor core temperature is ≥50℃. Ventilation control: When the reactor core temperature is ≥50℃, the exhaust fan operates at high speed (1m / s); when 35℃ ≤ reactor core temperature <50℃, the exhaust fan operates at low speed (0.5m / s); the exhaust fan is turned off when the reactor core temperature is <35℃.

[0049] Specifically, the tray 11, pad 12, box body 2 and box cover 3 are all made of 5-10mm HDPE material. The HDPE material is black and is injection molded in one piece. It has the characteristics of being lightweight, impact-resistant, mildew-proof, anti-aging, corrosion-resistant, non-toxic, and pollution-free. The top of the box body 2 and box cover 3 consists of two layers of HDPE board, with a vacuum insulation board (VIP, 6-10mm thick) filling the space between the two layers of HDPE board.

[0050] Specifically, the wires between the carbon fiber heating element 115 and the controller are connected via an IP67 quick-connect interface 113. The wires are embedded in the vacuum insulation plate on the side wall of the housing 2, and the interface automatically separates when the housing 2 is folded.

[0051] Specifically, the temperature probe 4 is a PT1000 sensor, and the temperature probe storage compartment 34 is located on the top of the cover 3. When in use, the temperature probe 4 and the temperature probe interface 33 are connected through an IP67 quick-connect interface.

[0052] The working principle of this utility model is as follows:

[0053] In use, this utility model involves opening the latch, separating the lid from the base, unfolding the box, and aligning the top and bottom ends of the box with the grooves on the lid and the box body; filling with compost material, inserting a temperature probe, turning on the controller, and implementing a graded temperature control strategy based on the temperature to control the operation of the carbon fiber heating element and the exhaust fan; when the carbon fiber heating element and the exhaust fan are working, cold air enters the box through the vent, is slowed down and diverted by the V-shaped guide groove, and then enters the area above the carbon fiber heating element for preheating to 10-15℃. Combined with the vacuum insulation board, this ensures that the core temperature inside the box remains stable above 50℃ in cold regions; when composting is finished, turn off the controller, open the discharge port, and remove the organic fertilizer; fold the box, merge the base and lid, and lock the latch.

Claims

1. A portable insulated composting box suitable for high-altitude pastoral areas, comprising a box base (1), a box body (2), and a box lid (3) connected in sequence, characterized in that, The box base (1) includes a tray (11) and a pad (12) located above the tray (11). At least one side of the tray (11) is provided with a vent hole (117). The inside of the tray (11) is provided with a corrugated guide plate (114). The surface of the corrugated guide plate (114) is covered with a carbon fiber heating element (115). V-shaped guide grooves (116) are opened at both ends of the corrugated guide plate (114). The bottom of the V-shaped guide grooves (116) is connected to the vent hole (117). The pad (12) is provided with a sieve hole (122). The surface of the box cover (3) is opened and an exhaust fan (35) is installed. A photovoltaic panel (31) is installed on the outer surface of the box cover (3). A storage battery (32) is installed inside the box body (2). The carbon fiber heating element (115) and the exhaust fan (35) are electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel (31) and the storage battery (32), respectively.

2. The insulated composting bin as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The corrugated guide plate (114) has a peak height of 8-10 mm and a peak-to-trough inclination angle of 35-45°.

3. The insulated composting bin as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The V-shaped guide channel (116) has a width of 3-8mm, a depth of 10-15mm, and a bottom slope of 5-8°.

4. The insulated composting bin as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The geometric diameter of the vent (117) is 5-10 mm.

5. The insulated composting bin as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sieve hole (122) has a geometric diameter of 5-10 mm and the spacing between the sieve holes (122) is 1.5-2 times the geometric diameter of the sieve hole (122).

6. The insulated composting bin as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The housing (2) contains at least 6 side panels (23) that are movably connected in sequence.

7. The insulated composting bin as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pallet (11) has a ground nail hole (111) on its side, and the box cover (3) has a windproof zipper hanging hole (37) on its side.

8. The insulated composting bin as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inner surface of the cover (3) is equipped with a controller and a temperature probe (4), and the battery (32) is electrically connected to the controller, the temperature probe (4), the carbon fiber heating element (115), and the exhaust fan (35).

9. The insulated composting bin as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The tray (11), pad (12), box (2) and lid (3) are all made of HDPE material. The top of the box (2) and lid (3) is made of two layers of HDPE board, and the space between the two layers of HDPE board is filled with vacuum insulation board.

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