Metal base plate for improving maintainability of fastener
The symmetrical rectangular metal pad design solves the problems of blocked plum blossom holes and insufficient adjustment capacity, enabling convenient disassembly and enhanced insulation performance, thus improving the maintainability and safety of the fasteners.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- RAILWAY CONSTR RES INST OF CHINA ACAD OF RAILWAY SCI CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-02
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-05
AI Technical Summary
The existing fastener metal pads have clogging holes, making it difficult to rotate and remove the T-bolts, thus affecting disassembly efficiency; the rails have insufficient left and right position adjustment capability, which cannot meet the precision requirements of special sections; and the insulation performance is insufficient, which cannot effectively prevent stray currents from corroding surrounding facilities.
The design incorporates symmetrical rectangular metal pads, a through-hole groove at the bottom to drain dust and sand, enlarged through-holes for easy bolt removal, optimized support structure for increased adjustment range, elimination of limiting bosses to avoid rail breakage risk, and improved insulation performance.
It improves the maintainability of fasteners, increases the lateral adjustment range of rails, enhances insulation performance, and reduces operational difficulty and safety risks.
Smart Images
Figure CN224199732U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of track fastener technology, and in particular relates to a metal pad that improves the maintainability of fasteners. Background Technology
[0002] Most existing fastener metal pads with a quincunx design have holes at the top, creating a closed surface with the buffer pad below, and the openings are narrow. As the line operates, dust and sand can enter the quincunx holes along the gaps in the T-bolts, making it impossible to rotate and remove the T-bolts, thus hindering disassembly. The only solution is to significantly raise the rail above the height of the T-bolts, remove the entire metal pad, and then clean the sand and remove the fasteners. This requires raising the rail by more than 90mm, which is not only difficult but also poses safety risks, significantly impacting the maintainability of the fastener metal pads.
[0003] Secondly, the existing fasteners feature metal pads with raised shoulders, and insulated gauge blocks are installed between the metal pad shoulders and the rail, but they lack gauge adjustment functionality. The anchor bolt holes for the metal pads are elongated holes, and flat pads are used to secure the metal pads using friction. The metal pads can be adjusted within the elongated holes, allowing for ±6mm left-right rail position adjustment, but this does not meet the needs of on-site maintenance. The insulation resistance of existing fasteners is generally around 5kΩ, which meets the requirements of track circuits, but to address the stray current control requirements of urban and intercity rail lines passing through cities, the insulation performance of the fasteners needs to be further enhanced.
[0004] As one of the pillars of my country's modern transportation system, rail transit plays a vital role in my country's economic and social development in many ways. Therefore, developing a metal pad that can solve the aforementioned problems is a technical issue that urgently needs to be addressed by those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to solve at least one of the aforementioned technical problems. The technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:
[0006] This utility model embodiment provides a metal pad to improve the maintainability of fasteners. The metal pad adopts a symmetrical rectangular structure and is divided into an upper part and a lower part. The upper part includes a first support part for fixing the elastic bar and a second support part for stabilizing the track. The lower part has two symmetrically perforated grooves that penetrate the bottom of the lower part along the width direction.
[0007] The metal pad is symmetrically provided with a first pair of through holes and a second pair of through holes that extend from the upper part to the lower part. The first pair of through holes is located near the left and right ends of the metal pad and is used for the first T-bolt to pass through the metal pad and engage with the sleeve located below the metal pad. The second pair of through holes is located in the second support part and is used to engage with the second T-bolt to fix the spring bar.
[0008] As a further improvement of this utility model, the middle portions of the front and rear ends of the metal pad are respectively provided with extension portions in the front and rear directions.
[0009] As a further improvement of this utility model, the outer periphery of the metal pad is provided with a rounded corner structure.
[0010] As a further improvement of this utility model, there are four first support parts, which are symmetrically arranged at the four corners of the metal pad.
[0011] As a further improvement of this utility model, the upper end face of the first support part is a concave arc shape, and the concave arc can fit tightly with the rib of the elastic bar.
[0012] As a further improvement of this utility model, the width of the first support portion on the side away from the center of the metal pad is greater than that on the side closer to the center of the metal pad.
[0013] As a further improvement of this utility model, the top view of the first support part is a trapezoidal structure.
[0014] As a further improvement of this utility model, the second support part is a shoulder structure symmetrically arranged on both sides of the metal pad, including a first protrusion, a second protrusion, and a third protrusion; wherein, the first protrusion is symmetrically arranged at the front and rear ends of the second protrusion, and is used to cooperate with the first support part to fix the spring bar; the second protrusion is arranged on the upper part of the third protrusion, and is used to provide support for the spring bar, and the side of the second protrusion near the center of the metal pad is flat, and is used to provide lateral support force for the track; the second through hole is arranged at the center of the third protrusion.
[0015] As a further improvement of this utility model, the first through hole pair is an oblong hole, and the width of the oblong hole is at least greater than that of the first T-bolt.
[0016] As a further improvement of this utility model, the metal pad near the center of the second support part has a planar structure.
[0017] The metal pads in the above embodiments, with two grooves running through the bottom of the plate along the width direction through the hole, allow dust and sand in the through hole to be effectively discharged, facilitating the disassembly of T-bolts and replacement of the iron pads, thus improving the overall maintainability of the fasteners. By increasing the size of the first through hole's elongated oval shape, the left-right adjustment range is increased by 100% compared to existing metal pads. By optimizing the size of the first support part, excessive contact stress caused by contact between the inner arc of the first support part and the middle limb of the elastic clip during installation is effectively avoided, thus preventing the elastic clip from breaking. By eliminating the limiting boss on the rail bearing surface of the iron pad, the risk of rail breakage due to the lack of a rail under-plate on site is avoided. Attached Figure Description
[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this utility model will be briefly introduced below.
[0019] Figure 1a This is a front view of a metal pad structure for improving the maintainability of fasteners according to this utility model;
[0020] Figure 1b This is a top view of a metal pad structure for improving the maintainability of fasteners according to this utility model;
[0021] Figure 2 The upper part of the 3D model of a metal pad for improving the maintainability of fasteners is shown in this utility model.
[0022] Figure 3 The lower part of the 3D model of a metal pad for improving the maintainability of fasteners is shown in this utility model.
[0023] In Figure 1, the technical features indicated by the reference numerals are as follows: 1-bottom groove of plate; 2-first support part; 3-second through hole pair; 4-first through hole pair; 5-second support part. Detailed Implementation
[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present utility model described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
[0025] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.
[0026] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0027] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.
[0028] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.
[0029] The main technical problems with the fasteners used in the existing technology are as follows:
[0030] T-bolts are widely used in flexible split-type fasteners, typically installed in pre-drilled holes in the metal backing plate. During fastener maintenance and overhauls, frequent disassembly of T-bolts is necessary to replace fasteners. However, in practice, it has been found that dust and sand entering the holes can clog them, preventing the bolts from being easily removed and hindering convenient replacement of the metal backing plate. This significantly impacts the efficiency of fastener maintenance.
[0031] Left-right rail adjustment is a core aspect of railway track maintenance. In areas prone to foundation deformation, such as high-speed railways, rail lateral adjustment controls track gauge, direction, and curve parameters to ensure train safety and stability. In high-speed railway ballastless tracks, rail lateral adjustment is primarily achieved through fasteners. This is accomplished by replacing components such as insulated gauge blocks or gauge baffles within the fasteners. The structural form of the gauge blocks directly influences the adjustment of these components. Currently, the WJ-7 type fastener for shoulderless high-speed railway tracks in my country has a rail lateral adjustment capability of ±6mm. However, due to my country's vast territory, complex geological conditions, and varying construction quality, some high-speed railway sections experience significant foundation deformation, making the existing fasteners insufficient to meet the adjustment accuracy and maintenance requirements of these special sections.
[0032] Furthermore, in urban rail transit, because the tracks cannot be completely insulated from the ground, stray currents are inevitably generated. These currents not only damage the tracks themselves but also corrode nearby water pipes, oil and gas pipelines, and building structures, posing a significant hazard. Therefore, it is essential to further improve the insulation performance of the fastener system beyond the existing insulation resistance.
[0033] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems and to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of this utility model clearer, the specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0034] Example:
[0035] The embodiments of this utility model provide fastener metal pads for railway tracks. Figures 1-3 show the structural schematic diagram and 3D rendering of the metal pads provided in this embodiment. To better understand the fastener metal pads of this utility model, the technical solution of this embodiment will now be discussed in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:
[0036] A metal pad for improving the maintainability of fasteners, the metal pad adopts a symmetrical rectangular structure, the metal pad is divided into an upper part and a lower part, the upper part includes a first support part 2 for fixing the spring strip and a second support part 5 for stabilizing the track; the lower part has two symmetrically cut holes to provide two grooves 1 that run through the bottom of the plate along the width direction.
[0037] The metal pad is preferably an iron pad; the groove 1 at the bottom of the plate is preferably a through groove along the width of the iron pad at the quincunx hole at the bottom of the iron pad. The depth of the through groove is less than the thickness of the iron pad. This groove allows the T-bolt to move left and right when the hole is blocked by dust or sand, so that the impurities can be discharged along the through groove, allowing the T-bolt to regain its rotational ability and be removed from the quincunx hole, thus improving the maintainability of the fastener. At the same time, the through groove can improve the insulation performance of the fastener.
[0038] The metal pad is symmetrically provided with a first through hole pair 4 and a second through hole pair 3 running from the top to the bottom. The first through hole pair 4 is close to the left and right ends of the metal pad and is used for the first T-bolt to pass through the metal pad and engage with the sleeve provided below the metal pad. The second through hole pair 3 is provided in the second support part 5 and is used to engage with the second T-bolt to fix the spring strip.
[0039] The first through hole 4 is preferably an enlarged elongated hole, the width of the short side of which is at least greater than the width of the first T-bolt.
[0040] In a preferred embodiment, the middle portions of the front and rear ends of the metal pad are respectively provided with extension portions in the front and rear directions to increase the contact area with the rail, reduce the force per unit area, and extend the service life.
[0041] In a preferred embodiment, the outer perimeter of the metal pad is rounded to enhance aesthetics and safety.
[0042] In a preferred embodiment, there are preferably four first support portions 2, which are symmetrically arranged at the four corners of the metal pad.
[0043] In a preferred embodiment, the upper surface of the first support 2 is a concave arc shape, which can fit tightly with the ribs of the spring clip. Preferably, the width of the side of the first support 2 away from the center of the metal pad is greater than that of the side closer to the center of the metal pad. More preferably, the top view of the first support 2 is a trapezoidal structure. By setting the first support 2 as a trapezoidal structure, it is possible to effectively avoid the inner side of the arc of the first support 2 from contacting the middle limb of the spring clip during installation, thereby avoiding excessive contact stress that could cause the spring clip to break.
[0044] In a preferred embodiment, the second support portion 5 is a shoulder structure symmetrically arranged on both sides of the metal pad, including a first protrusion, a second protrusion, and a third protrusion; wherein, the first protrusion is symmetrically arranged at the front and rear ends of the second protrusion, and is used to cooperate with the first support portion 2 to fix the spring bar; the second protrusion is arranged on the upper part of the third protrusion, and is used to provide support for the spring bar; the side of the second protrusion near the center of the metal pad is a plane, and is used to provide lateral support force for the track; the second through hole pair 3 is arranged at the center of the third protrusion.
[0045] In a preferred embodiment, the metal pad near the center of the second support 5 is a planar structure. By changing the limiting method of the rail pad and eliminating the limiting boss on the original metal pad bearing surface, the risk of rail breakage due to the lack of rail pad installation on site can be avoided.
[0046] In a preferred embodiment, the present invention can design two types of metal pads: one type with a 1:40 rail bottom slope and the other type with a flat slope, which can match different types of rail foundations.
[0047] The above measures can increase the left and right position adjustment range of the track from the original ±6mm to ±12mm, an increase of 100%, which can meet the needs of on-site maintenance.
[0048] The above description is merely an example and illustration of the structure of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or use similar methods to replace them, as long as they do not deviate from the structure of the utility model or exceed the scope defined in the claims, they should all fall within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A metal pad for improving the maintainability of fasteners, the metal pad adopting a symmetrically designed rectangular structure, characterized in that... The metal pad is divided into an upper part and a lower part. The upper part includes a first support part for fixing the elastic bar and a second support part for stabilizing the track. The lower part has two grooves that penetrate the bottom of the plate along the width direction, with symmetrical holes. The metal pad is symmetrically provided with a first pair of through holes and a second pair of through holes that extend from the upper part to the lower part. The first pair of through holes is located near the left and right ends of the metal pad and is used for the first T-bolt to pass through the metal pad and engage with the sleeve located below the metal pad. The second pair of through holes is located in the second support part and is used to engage with the second T-bolt to fix the spring bar.
2. The metal pad according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metal pad has extensions at the middle of its front and rear ends, respectively, in the forward and backward directions.
3. The metal pad according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer perimeter of the metal pad is designed with rounded corners.
4. The metal pad according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are four first support parts, symmetrically arranged at the four corners of the metal pad.
5. The metal pad according to claim 4, characterized in that, The upper surface of the first support part is a concave arc shape, which can fit closely with the rib of the elastic bar.
6. The metal pad according to claim 5, characterized in that, The width of the first support portion on the side away from the center of the metal pad is greater than that on the side closer to the center of the metal pad.
7. The metal pad according to claim 6, characterized in that, The top view of the first support part is a trapezoidal structure.
8. The metal pad according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second support is a shoulder structure symmetrically arranged on both sides of the metal pad, including a first protrusion, a second protrusion, and a third protrusion; wherein, the first protrusion is symmetrically arranged at the front and rear ends of the second protrusion, and is used to cooperate with the first support to fix the spring bar; the second protrusion is arranged on the upper part of the third protrusion, and is used to provide support for the spring bar, and the side of the second protrusion near the center of the metal pad is flat, and is used to provide lateral support force for the track; the second through hole is arranged at the center of the third protrusion.
9. The metal pad according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first pair of through holes is an oblong hole, and the width of the oblong hole is at least greater than that of the first T-bolt.
10. The metal pad according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metal pad near the center of the second support portion has a planar structure.