Gob-side entry retaining waste rock blocking supporting device for coal face

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of underground coal mining, and provides a coal face gob-side entry retaining gangue blocking supporting device which structurally comprises a stand column, a baffle and a transverse column, and the baffle and the transverse column are located on the two sides of the stand column. The two ends of the stand column are used for tightly abutting against a roadway top plate and a roadway bottom plate respectively. One end of the transverse column is connected with the stand column, and the other end of the transverse column abuts against a roadway solid coal side. The baffle is matched with the roadway in height, the top of the baffle extends upwards and makes contact with a roadway top plate, and the side, away from a roadway solid coal side, of the baffle is of a special-shaped curved surface structure and used for supporting goaf caving gangue. A stable supporting structure is formed, the overall anti-overturning and anti-sliding capacity is remarkably improved, and the stability of the waste rock blocking supporting device is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of underground coal mining technology, and in particular to a rock retaining support device for roadway retention along the goaf of a coal mining face. Background Technology

[0002] Goaf retention is a key technology in coal mining. Specifically, it refers to the proactive maintenance and preservation of a roadway's complete structure during the mining process of the previous working face, enabling it to be used as a transportation, ventilation, or pedestrian passage during the mining of the next working face. Its core lies in achieving "dual-purpose roadway"—effectively reducing roadway excavation costs by minimizing the amount of excavation work required for the next working face, while simultaneously shortening the mining-to-excavation cycle and significantly improving coal mining efficiency. However, ensuring the long-term stability of the retained roadway under high-intensity mining stress and dynamic loads from goaf gangue is a critical bottleneck hindering the large-scale application of goaf retention technology and effectively solving the core problem of "keeping it in place."

[0003] The current industry-standard technologies for retaining rock along roadways mainly include traditional forms such as retaining walls, anchor beams, and retaining supports. However, these existing technologies have significant shortcomings:

[0004] (1) The construction process is complex, time-consuming, and causes significant disturbance to the surrounding rock; (2) The support structure is not stable enough and is prone to deformation and failure under the dynamic impact load of gangue in the goaf; (3) It is characterized by one-time investment and is difficult to reuse, resulting in resource waste; (4) It has poor environmental adaptability and cannot meet the mining needs of inclined coal seams. When the coal seam has a certain dip angle, the sliding and squeezing action of gangue in the goaf along the dip direction will further aggravate the instability of the support structure. Since it is difficult to form an effective mechanical support system between the gangue retaining device and the surrounding rock of the roadway roof and floor, the support structure is prone to instability, collapse, or sliding failure under the instantaneous impact load generated by the gangue falling in the goaf.

[0005] Therefore, if traditional rock-blocking technology is directly applied to roadway retention projects along inclined coal seams, its support stability will be significantly reduced, posing a serious threat to the safe and efficient mining of the working face. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this application is to provide a coal face gob-side retaining and rock-blocking support device to solve or alleviate the problems existing in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution:

[0008] This application provides a support device for retaining rock along the goaf in a coal mining face, comprising: a vertical column, a baffle plate, and a horizontal column, wherein the baffle plate and the horizontal column are located on both sides of the vertical column;

[0009] The two ends of the column are used to brace against the tunnel roof and the tunnel floor, respectively.

[0010] One end of the horizontal column is connected to the vertical column, and the other end is pressed tightly against the solid coal side of the roadway;

[0011] The height of the baffle is matched with the height of the roadway, and its top extends upward and contacts the roof of the roadway. The side of the baffle away from the solid coal seam of the roadway has an irregular curved surface structure, which is used to support the collapsed gangue in the goaf.

[0012] Preferably, the irregular curved surface structure of the baffle is an arc-shaped surface that is concave or convex, and the angle between the tangent at the extreme point of curvature and the upper surface of the roadway floor is 55°~65°.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom of the column is abutted against the roadway floor via a column foot, one end of the column foot extends into the goaf area, and the width of the column foot is the same as the width of the irregular curved surface of the baffle.

[0014] Preferably, the baffle divides the column base into a long section and a short section in a 3:1 ratio. The baffle and the column are detachably installed on the short section, while the long section extends into the goaf and is pressed and fixed by the collapsed gangue.

[0015] Preferably, the column base is placed in a slot in the tunnel floor.

[0016] Preferably, the baffle and the crossbar are detachably connected to the column via a connector. The connector has a mounting hole at its center for the column to pass through, and both ends of the connector are connected to the baffle and the crossbar, respectively.

[0017] Preferably, the column is an adjustable support column, which can be adjusted along the first direction so that its two ends are respectively pressed against the tunnel roof and the tunnel floor.

[0018] Preferably, the top of the column is provided with a column cap, which is used to press against the roof of the tunnel.

[0019] Preferably, the horizontal column is an adjustable support column, which can be adjusted in the second direction so that the end of the horizontal column away from the vertical column is pressed tightly against the solid coal bed of the roadway.

[0020] Preferably, a support plate is provided at the end of the crossbar that is pressed against the solid coal side of the roadway, and the support plate is placed in the groove of the solid coal side of the roadway.

[0021] Beneficial effects:

[0022] (1) This utility model is designed with components such as baffle, column and cross column. The baffle has an irregular curved surface structure facing the goaf, the cross column is supported on the solid coal side of the roadway, and the column is supported on the roof of the roadway, forming a stable support structure. The overall anti-overturning and anti-slipping ability is significantly improved, and the stability of the rock-blocking support device is enhanced.

[0023] (2) The present invention also provides a column foot at the bottom of the column, wherein one end of the column foot is placed in the goaf area. By setting the column foot, the contact area with the roadway floor is expanded to prevent the column from sinking or sliding. In addition, the irregular curved surface structure of the baffle faces the goaf area, the horizontal column is supported on the solid coal side of the roadway, and the column is supported on the roadway roof, which further enhances the stability of the device.

[0024] (3) The irregular curved surface structure of the baffle designed in this utility model is an arc surface with concave or convex shape. It decomposes the extrusion pressure of gangue in the goaf into the vertical column foot anchoring force and the horizontal column support force, which increases the friction with the roadway floor and significantly improves the anti-slip stability of the gangue retaining support device.

[0025] (4) Both the support column and the cross column of this utility model are adjustable structures. When the baffle that is the same height as the roadway is installed, the support column and the cross column are installed. The height of the support column and the cross column are adjusted to make them press against the roadway roof and the solid coal side of the roadway respectively, forming a two-way support structure.

[0026] (5) The structure of this utility model is novel and reasonable. The main components are detachable and connected, which facilitates assembly and disassembly, reduces labor intensity, improves support efficiency, and is also conducive to the recycling and reuse of rock retaining support. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. Wherein:

[0028] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a coal mining face gob-side retaining rock retaining support device according to some embodiments of this application;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the application structure of a gob-side retaining and rock-blocking support device for a coal mining face before longwall mining, according to some embodiments of this application.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the application structure of a gob-side retaining and gangue-blocking support device for a coal mining face after mining, according to some embodiments of this application.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Support column; 2. Column base; 3. Baffle plate; 4. Connector; 5. Column cap; 6. Horizontal column; 7. Support plate; 8. Roadway; 9. Roadway roof; 10. Roadway floor; 11. Solid coal face in the roadway; 12. Coal mining face; 13. Goaf. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Various examples are provided by way of explanation and not by way of limitation. In fact, those skilled in the art will understand that modifications and variations can be made to the present application without departing from the scope or spirit of the present application. For example, a feature shown or described as part of one embodiment may be used in another embodiment to produce yet another embodiment. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] A coal mining face gob-side retaining rock-blocking support device includes a pillar 1, a horizontal column 6, and a baffle 3, wherein the baffle 3 and the horizontal column 6 are located on both sides of the pillar 1.

[0035] The top of the column 1 is tightly pressed against the roof slab 9 of the tunnel. The column 1 serves as the main supporting component to support the roof slab 9 of the tunnel and prevent the roof slab 9 from sinking or collapsing. The bottom of the column 1 is tightly pressed against the floor slab 10 of the tunnel.

[0036] Furthermore, the bottom of the column 1 can be firmly abutted against the roadway floor 10 through the column foot 2. The column 1 is located at one end of the column foot 2 near the horizontal column 6, and the other end of the column foot 2 extends into the slot set in the goaf area and located on the roadway floor 10. The column foot 2 is an extended column foot, made of reinforced concrete. In this embodiment, the width is 1000mm, the thickness is 50mm, and the length is 1500mm. By setting the column foot 2, the contact area with the roadway floor 10 is increased, the pressure is distributed, and the column 1 is prevented from sinking or sliding.

[0037] One end of the horizontal column 6 is connected to the vertical column 1, and the other end of the horizontal column 6 is pressed against the solid coal sidewall 11 of the roadway. It resists lateral pressure by horizontally supporting the solid coal sidewall 11 and forms a two-way support structure in conjunction with the vertical column 1.

[0038] The baffle 3 is used to block the impact of gangue in the goaf. In this embodiment, the baffle 3 is made of manganese steel and has a width of 1000mm, which is the same as the width of the column foot 2, to prevent the occurrence of gangue leakage.

[0039] Both the baffle 3 and the horizontal column 6 can be detachably connected to the column 1 via the connector 4. In this embodiment, the connector 4 can be a connecting block with a socket at one end. The horizontal column 6 is connected to the horizontal column 6 by threading into the socket. The center of the connector has an installation hole for the column 1 to pass through. The other end of the connector can be connected to the baffle 3 via a pin. Both ends of the connector can also be hinged to the baffle 3 and the horizontal column 6 respectively to achieve the detachable function. In addition, the bottom end of the column 1 is detachably connected to the column base 2 via bolts. All the main components of this application can be detachably connected, which facilitates assembly and disassembly, reduces labor intensity, improves support efficiency, and also facilitates the recycling and reuse of the retaining wall support.

[0040] The irregular curved surface structure of the baffle 3 is located away from the side of the solid coal face 11 in the roadway, i.e., facing the goaf, to optimize force transmission and prevent overturning. The irregular curved surface structure is a concave or convex arc surface. The angle between the tangent at the extreme point of curvature and the upper surface of the column base 2 is 55°~65°. That is, when the irregular curved surface structure is a concave arc surface, the angle between the tangent at the most concave point and the upper surface of the column base 2 is 55°~65°; when the irregular curved surface structure is a convex arc surface, the angle between the tangent at the most convex point and the upper surface of the column base 2 is 55°~65°. The arc surface is used to support the collapsed gangue in the goaf. The baffle 3 makes the compressive force of the gangue in the goaf perpendicular to the arc surface, and decomposes the compressive force F of the gangue in the goaf perpendicular to the arc surface into:

[0041] The vertical component force F2 is transmitted to the roadway floor 10 through the column foot 2 to form the column foot anchoring force. The compression of the extended column foot 2 by the gangue increases the friction between the column foot 2 and the roadway floor 10, improves the anti-slip ability, and further enhances the stability of the gangue retaining support device.

[0042] The horizontal component force F1 is transmitted to the horizontal column 6 through connector 4 to form the horizontal column support force.

[0043] The baffle 3 divides the column base 2 into a long section and a short section in a 3:1 ratio. The baffle 3 and the column 1 are installed in the short section, while the long section extends into the goaf and is pressed and fixed by the collapsed gangue, thus optimizing the stress distribution and significantly improving the overall anti-overturning and anti-slipping capabilities. The baffle 3 is detachably connected to the column base, or it can be hinged to the column base through a hinged support. The hinged support described in this embodiment includes a U-shaped slot fixed to the column base 2, and the hinge is achieved through a pin that passes through the connecting lug of the baffle 3.

[0044] This device, through its scientific structural design, solves the shortcomings of existing gob-side retaining and rock-blocking support devices, such as complex construction, poor stability, non-reusability, and inability to adapt to inclined coal seam mining, thereby enabling safe and efficient mining of gob-side retaining coal faces.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] The difference from Embodiment 1 is that both the upright column 1 and the horizontal column 6 are adjustable supports, which can be hydraulic supports. The upright column 1 can be adjusted along a first direction so that its top end is pressed against the tunnel roof 9, while the column foot 2 at the other end of the upright column 1 is pressed against the tunnel floor 10. A column cap 5 can also be welded to the top of the upright column 1 to increase the contact area with the tunnel roof 9, avoid local stress concentration, and ensure that the tunnel roof 9 is evenly stressed. The upright column 1 can be adjusted by injecting emulsion to adapt to different height requirements, so that the column cap 5 is pressed against the tunnel roof 9 to enhance stability.

[0047] The horizontal column 6 can be adjusted in the second direction so that the end of the horizontal column 6 away from the vertical column is pressed tightly against the solid coal bed 11 in the roadway. A support plate 7 is also provided at one end of the horizontal column 6. By setting the support plate 7, the contact area between the horizontal column 6 and the solid coal bed 11 in the roadway is increased, preventing the horizontal column 6 from embedding into the solid coal bed 11 and ensuring a uniform distribution of support force. The horizontal column 6 can be driven by injecting emulsion to make the support plate 7 press tightly against the solid coal bed 11 in the roadway, enhancing lateral stability.

[0048] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 The image shows an application method of a coal face gob-side retaining rock-blocking support device according to this embodiment.

[0049] First, before the coal face 12 is mined, slots (which can be grooves or pre-reserved pits) are pre-cut in the roadway floor 10 and the solid coal sidewall 11. The column foot 2 is then embedded in the slot in the roadway floor 10. Through physical restraint, the friction between the column foot and the floor is increased and the anti-slip ability is enhanced, thereby improving stability and preventing slippage or displacement.

[0050] Secondly, after installing the bottom of the baffle 3, which is at the same height as the roadway 8, and the column base, the upper part of the side of the baffle 3 near the column 1 is connected to the connector 4 through a pin or similar component. Then, the bottom of the column 1 and the column base 2 are installed with bolts. The top of the column 1 passes through the mounting hole of the connector 4, and the column cap 5 is placed on the top of the column 1. After installing one end of the horizontal column to the connector 4, the support plate 7 is embedded into the slot of the roadway solid coal side 11. Emulsion is injected into the horizontal column 6 to make the support plate 7 tighten the roadway solid coal side 11. Emulsion is injected into the column 1 to make the column cap 5 tighten the top plate 9. The column 1 can also be connected to the connector 4 with bolts to enhance stability.

[0051] Finally, after the coal face 12 is mined, a goaf 13 is formed. The gangue in the goaf 13 simultaneously squeezes the pillar foot 2 and the baffle 3. The squeezing of the pillar foot 2 by the gangue increases the friction between it and the roadway floor 10, further enhancing the stability of the gangue retaining support device.

[0052] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A support device for retaining rock along the goaf in a coal mining face, characterized in that, include: The column (1), baffle (3), and cross column (6) are located on both sides of the column (1); The two ends of the column (1) are used to brace the top plate (9) and the bottom plate (10) of the roadway, respectively. One end of the horizontal column (6) is connected to the vertical column (1), and the other end is pressed against the solid coal sidewall (11) of the roadway; The height of the baffle (3) matches the height of the roadway (8), and its top extends upward and contacts the roadway roof (9). The side of the baffle (3) away from the roadway solid coal face (11) has an irregular curved surface structure, which is used to support the collapsed gangue in the goaf.

2. The coal face gob-side retaining and gangue-blocking support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The irregular curved surface structure of the baffle (3) is an arc-shaped surface that is concave or convex, and the angle between the tangent at the extreme point of its curvature and the upper surface of the roadway floor plate (10) is 55°~65°.

3. The coal face gob-side retaining and gangue-blocking support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the column (1) is pressed against the roadway floor plate (10) by the column foot (2). One end of the column foot (2) extends to the goaf area (13). The width of the column foot (2) is the same as the width of the irregular curved surface of the baffle (3).

4. A coal mining face gob-side retaining and gangue-blocking support device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The baffle (3) divides the column base (2) into a long section and a short section in a 3:1 ratio. The baffle (3) and the column (1) are detachably installed in the short section, while the long section extends to the goaf and is pressed and fixed by the collapsed gangue.

5. A coal mining face gob-side retaining and gangue-blocking support device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The column base (2) is placed in the slot on the roadway floor plate (10).

6. A coal mining face gob-side retaining and gangue-blocking support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The baffle (3) and the crossbar (6) are detachably connected to the column (1) via a connector (4). The connector (4) has a mounting hole in the center for the column (1) to pass through, and the two ends of the connector (4) are connected to the baffle (3) and the crossbar (6) respectively.

7. A coal mining face gob-side retaining and rock-blocking support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The column (1) is an adjustable support column, which can be adjusted along the first direction so that its two ends are respectively pressed against the top plate (9) and the bottom plate (10) of the roadway.

8. The coal face gob-side retaining and gangue-blocking support device according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that, The top of the column (1) is provided with a column cap (5), which is pressed against the roof plate (9) of the tunnel.

9. A coal mining face gob-side retaining and gangue-blocking support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The horizontal column (6) is an adjustable support column that can be adjusted in the second direction so that the end of the horizontal column (6) away from the vertical column is pressed against the solid coal side (11) of the roadway.

10. The coal face gob-side retaining and gangue-blocking support device according to claim 1 or 9, characterized in that, A support plate (7) is provided at one end of the horizontal column (6) that is pressed against the solid coal sidewall (11) of the roadway, and the support plate (7) is placed in the groove of the solid coal sidewall (11).

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