Fatigue test tool for fan main shaft
By designing a fatigue testing fixture for the wind turbine main shaft, and utilizing a base, front support module, rear support module, and torsion module, the problems of high cost and cumbersome clamping in wind turbine main shaft bench testing were solved, achieving efficient fatigue testing, reducing costs, and improving testing efficiency.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHANGSHA ZHONGTENG METAL MATERIALS TECH
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-20
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-05
AI Technical Summary
Existing wind turbine spindle test benches are costly and cumbersome to install and fix, resulting in low test efficiency.
Design a fatigue testing fixture comprising a base, a front support module, a rear support module, and a torsion module, for supporting and clamping the fan main shaft, and applying torsional force through the torsion module to conduct fatigue tests.
It reduces the testing cost of the fan spindle, improves testing efficiency, simplifies the clamping process, and is applicable to existing tensile and compressive fatigue testing machines without the need for additional equipment investment.
Smart Images
Figure CN224202739U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of railway vehicle equipment testing technology, and in particular to a fatigue testing fixture for a fan main shaft. Background Technology
[0002] The power compartment of a railway freight car is the concentrated area of the vehicle's core power equipment, and its heat dissipation performance directly affects the reliability and lifespan of key components such as the engine, traction motor, and converter. The cooling fan is a crucial component for forced ventilation and heat dissipation in the power compartment. Its main shaft, as a core transmission component, is subjected to long-term cyclic torque loads (such as start-stop, speed changes, and vibration), making it susceptible to fatigue failure due to alternating stress. This can affect heat dissipation efficiency and even lead to fan malfunction. Therefore, investigating the torsional fatigue performance of its main shaft structure is essential.
[0003] Currently, spindle structures are often tested for torsional fatigue using bench testing, but bench testing is expensive, increasing the testing cost of the wind turbine spindle. Furthermore, spindle clamping and fixing is cumbersome and time-consuming, lengthening the entire testing cycle and reducing testing efficiency. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fatigue testing fixture for a wind turbine spindle to solve the problems existing in the prior art, reduce spindle testing costs, and improve testing efficiency.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following solution:
[0006] This utility model provides a fatigue testing fixture for a fan spindle, including a base, a front support module, a rear support module, and a torsion module. The base is detachably mounted on a testing machine. The front support module and the rear support module are both detachably mounted on the upper end of the base. The front support module supports the front part of the fan spindle, and the rear support module supports the rear part of the fan spindle. The torsion module clamps one end of the fan spindle and applies a torsional force to one end of the fan spindle, causing the middle part of the fan spindle to twist.
[0007] Preferably, the torsion module is used to clamp the front end of the fan main shaft, and the torsion module includes a loading rod, a loading pin, and a loading block. The upper end of the loading rod is used to connect to the upper chuck of the testing machine, and the lower end of the loading rod is provided with a U-shaped block. The U-shaped block is rotatably connected to one end of the loading block through the loading pin. The other end of the loading block is used to connect to the front end of the fan main shaft, and the loading rod can be raised and lowered under the drive of the upper chuck of the testing machine, thereby causing the loading block and one end of the fan main shaft to twist.
[0008] Preferably, the loading block has a connecting hole at one end for connecting to the fan main shaft, the connecting hole is for the front end of the fan main shaft to extend into, and the connecting hole is limited to the front end of the fan main shaft.
[0009] Preferably, the inner wall of the connecting hole is provided with a keyway for engaging with a flat key on the outer wall of the front end of the fan main shaft.
[0010] Preferably, the base is provided with a plurality of first through holes, the positions of the first through holes corresponding to the positions of the reference holes on the lower chuck of the testing machine, and the first through holes and the reference holes on the lower chuck of the testing machine are used to connect the base and the lower chuck of the testing machine with bolts.
[0011] Preferably, the front support module includes a bearing housing and a bearing cover. The bearing housing is detachably mounted on the base, and the bearing cover is detachably mounted on the bearing housing. The bearing housing and the bearing cover are used to install a bearing on the main shaft of the fan.
[0012] Preferably, the bearing cover is provided with a plurality of second through holes, the positions of the second through holes corresponding to the positions of the reference holes on the bearing seat, and the second through holes and the reference holes on the bearing seat are used to cooperate with bolts to connect the bearing seat and the bearing cover.
[0013] Preferably, the rear support module includes a rear support base, the lower end of which is detachably mounted on the base, and the upper part of the rear support base is provided with a limiting hole for the tail end of the fan main shaft to extend into, and the limiting hole is used to restrict the rotation of the tail end of the fan main shaft.
[0014] Preferably, the inner wall of the limiting hole is provided with a keyway for engaging with a flat key on the outer wall of the tail end of the fan main shaft.
[0015] Preferably, the upper end of the base is provided with a plurality of waist-shaped positioning holes corresponding to the positions of the front support module and the rear support module. The waist-shaped positioning holes are used to cooperate with bolts to fix the front support module and the rear support module to the base.
[0016] The present invention achieves the following technical advantages over the prior art:
[0017] The fatigue testing fixture for a fan spindle provided by this utility model includes a base, a front support module, a rear support module, and a torsion module. The base is detachably mounted on the testing machine to provide overall support. The front and rear support modules are both detachably mounted on the upper part of the base. The front support module supports the front part of the fan spindle, and the rear support module supports the rear part of the fan spindle. The torsion module clamps one end of the fan spindle and applies a torsional force to one end of the fan spindle. Under the drive of the torsion module, one end of the fan spindle rotates relative to the other end, causing the middle part of the fan spindle to twist. This fixture is used in conjunction with the testing machine to perform fatigue testing on the fan spindle. The overall structure is simple, low in cost, and can improve testing efficiency. Attached Figure Description
[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the fatigue testing fixture for the main shaft of the blower in this utility model;
[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the base structure in this utility model;
[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the front support module in this utility model;
[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the torsion module in this utility model;
[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the main shaft of the blower in this utility model;
[0024] In the diagram: 1-base, 2-first through hole, 3-bearing seat, 4-rear support seat, 5-fan main shaft, 6-bearing cover, 7-second through hole, 8-bearing, 9-loading block, 10-loading rod, 11-loading pin, 12-U-shaped block, 13-waist-shaped positioning hole, 14-flat key. Detailed Implementation
[0025] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0026] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fatigue testing fixture for a wind turbine spindle to solve the problems existing in the prior art, reduce spindle testing costs, and improve testing efficiency.
[0027] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0028] like Figures 1-5 As shown, this embodiment provides a fatigue testing fixture for a fan spindle, which is applicable to existing tensile and compressive fatigue testing machines. It includes a base 1, a front support module, a rear support module, and a torsion module. The base 1 is detachably mounted on the testing machine, providing overall support. The front and rear support modules are detachably mounted on the upper part of the base 1. The front support module supports the front of the fan spindle 5, and the rear support module supports the rear of the fan spindle 5. The torsion module clamps one end of the fan spindle 5 and applies a torsional force to that end. Driven by the torsion module, one end of the fan spindle 5 rotates relative to the other end, causing the middle of the fan spindle 5 to twist. This fixture, used in conjunction with the testing machine, performs fatigue testing on the fan spindle 5. The overall structure is simple, low-cost, and improves testing efficiency.
[0029] Specifically, the torsion module is used to clamp the front end of the fan main shaft 5, thereby driving the front end of the fan main shaft 5 to rotate relative to the tail end of the fan main shaft 5. The torsion module includes a loading rod 10, a loading pin 11, and a loading block 9. The upper end of the loading rod 10 is used to connect to the upper chuck of the testing machine, and the loading rod 10 can be raised and lowered under the drive of the upper chuck of the testing machine. The lower end of the loading rod 10 is provided with a U-shaped block 12 to form a fork-shaped loading rod structure. The U-shaped block 12 is rotatably connected to one end of the loading block 9 through the loading pin 11, so that the loading block 9 and the U-shaped block 12 can rotate relative to each other, thereby converting the raising and lowering action of the loading rod 10 and the U-shaped block 12 into the up and down swinging of the loading block 9. The other end of the loading block 9 is used to connect to the front end of the fan main shaft 5, so that the loading block 9 can drive the front end of the fan main shaft 5 to rotate. At the same time, the tail end of the fan main shaft 5 is fixed, satisfying the conditions for the fan main shaft 5 to undergo torsional fatigue. The upper chuck clamps the loading rod 10 and applies a vertical load, which in turn causes the loading block 9 to swing up and down, ultimately causing the fan main shaft 5 to twist repeatedly.
[0030] The loading block 9 has a connecting hole at one end for connecting the fan main shaft 5. The connecting hole is for the front end of the fan main shaft 5 to extend into, and the connecting hole is connected to the front end of the fan main shaft 5 for limiting. Thus, the connecting hole achieves circumferential limiting of the front end of the fan main shaft 5, so that when the loading block 9 rotates, it can drive the front end of the fan main shaft 5 to rotate together.
[0031] The inner wall of the connecting hole is provided with a keyway for cooperating with the flat key 14 on the outer wall of the front end of the fan main shaft 5. Through the cooperation of the flat key 14 and the keyway, the connecting hole and the front end of the fan main shaft 5 are connected in a limiting manner.
[0032] The base 1 has several first through holes 2, the positions of which correspond to the positions of the reference holes on the lower clamp of the testing machine. The first through holes 2 and the reference holes on the lower clamp of the testing machine are used to connect the base 1 and the lower clamp of the testing machine with bolts, thereby fixing the base 1 to the lower clamp of the testing machine, and facilitating installation and disassembly. To ensure the supporting stability and overall structural strength of the base 1, multiple reinforcing ribs are provided at the lower end of the base 1.
[0033] The front support module includes a bearing housing 3 and a bearing cover 6. The bearing housing 3 is detachably mounted on the base 1, and the bearing cover 6 is detachably mounted on the bearing housing 3. The bearing housing 3 and the bearing cover 6 are used to install the bearing 8 on the fan main shaft 5, thereby ensuring that when the front end of the fan main shaft 5 is twisted, the fan main shaft 5 can rotate in the area between the bearing housing 3 and the bearing cover 6. While providing support for the fan main shaft 5, it also avoids affecting the twisting of the middle part of the fan main shaft 5.
[0034] The bearing cover 6 is provided with several second through holes 7. The positions of the second through holes 7 correspond to the positions of the reference holes on the bearing seat 3. The second through holes 7 and the reference holes on the bearing seat 3 are used to connect the bearing seat 3 and the bearing cover 6 with bolts, thereby facilitating the stable support of the front end of the fan main shaft 5 through the bearing seat 3 and the bearing cover 6.
[0035] The rear support module includes a rear support base 4. The lower end of the rear support base 4 is detachably mounted on the base 1, and the upper part of the rear support base 4 is provided with a limiting hole. The limiting hole is used for the tail end of the fan main shaft 5 to extend into, and the limiting hole is used to restrict the rotation of the tail end of the fan main shaft 5, thereby fixing the tail end of the fan main shaft 5 and preventing the tail end of the fan main shaft 5 from rotating, so as to realize the relative rotation between the front end and the tail end of the fan main shaft 5.
[0036] The inner wall of the limiting hole is provided with a keyway for cooperating with the flat key 14 on the outer wall of the tail end of the fan main shaft 5. The circumferential limiting of the tail end of the fan main shaft 5 is achieved through the cooperation of the flat key 14 and the keyway.
[0037] The upper end of the base 1 is provided with multiple waist-shaped positioning holes 13 corresponding to the positions of the front support module and the rear support module. The waist-shaped positioning holes 13 are used to fix the front support module and the rear support module to the base 1 with bolts, making installation and disassembly convenient.
[0038] The method of using the fatigue testing fixture for the fan spindle provided in this embodiment is as follows:
[0039] S1. Connect the bearing housing 3 and the rear support housing 4 to the base 1 using bolts, and tighten them securely.
[0040] S2. Insert the tail end of the fan main shaft 5 into the limiting hole, and achieve circumferential limiting of the tail end of the fan main shaft 5 through the cooperation of the flat key 14 and the keyway. Install the bearing 8 into the outer circumference of the fan main shaft 5, and place the bearing 8 in the crescent-shaped groove of the bearing seat 3. Secure the bearing cover 6 and the bearing seat 3 with bolts.
[0041] S3. Assemble the torsion module with the fan main shaft 5;
[0042] S4. Place the installed base 1 on the testing machine. After fine-tuning to align the loading rod 10 with the upper clamp of the testing machine, use bolts to fix the base 1 to the lower clamp of the testing machine.
[0043] S5. Start the testing machine and input the load amplitude, stress ratio, frequency and other parameters required for the fatigue test to conduct the test;
[0044] S6, the lower chuck, the base 1, and the rear support 4 work together to ensure that the tail end of the fan main shaft 5 remains fixed. According to the parameters input by the testing machine, the upper chuck drives the loading rod 10 to rise and fall, which in turn drives the loading block 9 to swing, causing the middle part of the fan main shaft 5 to twist repeatedly until the fan main shaft 5 fails and the fatigue test stops.
[0045] This embodiment, through the above design, is easy and quick to install. It can adapt to different specifications of fan main shaft 5 by quickly replacing the front support module, rear support module, and loading block 9, without disassembling the entire set of equipment. Furthermore, this embodiment can be cleverly applied to existing tensile and compressive fatigue testing machines without investing additional R&D costs to purchase new equipment. The overall testing process is simple, which not only improves production efficiency but also effectively reduces costs.
[0046] This utility model uses specific examples to illustrate its principles and implementation methods. The above description of the embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core idea of this utility model. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the idea of this utility model. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.
Claims
1. A fatigue testing fixture for a fan main shaft, characterized in that: The device includes a base, a front support module, a rear support module, and a torsion module. The base is detachably mounted on a testing machine. The front and rear support modules are both detachably mounted on the upper part of the base. The front support module supports the front part of the fan main shaft, and the rear support module supports the rear part of the fan main shaft. The torsion module clamps one end of the fan main shaft and applies a torsional force to one end of the fan main shaft, causing the middle part of the fan main shaft to twist.
2. The fatigue testing fixture for the fan main shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The torsion module is used to clamp the front end of the fan main shaft, and the torsion module includes a loading rod, a loading pin, and a loading block. The upper end of the loading rod is used to connect to the upper chuck of the testing machine, and the lower end of the loading rod is provided with a U-shaped block. The U-shaped block is rotatably connected to one end of the loading block through the loading pin. The other end of the loading block is used to connect to the front end of the fan main shaft, and the loading rod can be raised and lowered under the drive of the upper chuck of the testing machine, thereby causing the loading block and one end of the fan main shaft to twist.
3. The fatigue testing fixture for the fan main shaft according to claim 2, characterized in that: The loading block has a connecting hole at one end for connecting to the fan main shaft. The connecting hole is for the front end of the fan main shaft to extend into, and the connecting hole is limited to the front end of the fan main shaft.
4. The fatigue testing fixture for the fan main shaft according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner wall of the connecting hole is provided with a keyway for engaging with the flat key on the outer wall of the front end of the fan main shaft.
5. The fatigue testing fixture for the fan main shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base is provided with a plurality of first through holes, the positions of which correspond to the positions of the reference holes on the lower chuck of the testing machine. The first through holes and the reference holes on the lower chuck of the testing machine are used to connect the base and the lower chuck of the testing machine with bolts.
6. The fatigue testing fixture for the main shaft of a wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front support module includes a bearing housing and a bearing cover. The bearing housing is detachably mounted on the base, and the bearing cover is detachably mounted on the bearing housing. The bearing housing and the bearing cover are used to install a bearing on the main shaft of the fan.
7. The fatigue testing fixture for the main shaft of a fan according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bearing cover is provided with a number of second through holes, the positions of which correspond to the positions of the reference holes on the bearing seat. The second through holes and the reference holes on the bearing seat are used to connect the bearing seat and the bearing cover with bolts.
8. The fatigue testing fixture for the fan main shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear support module includes a rear support base, the lower end of which is detachably mounted on the base, and the upper part of the rear support base is provided with a limiting hole for the tail end of the fan main shaft to extend into, and the limiting hole is used to restrict the rotation of the tail end of the fan main shaft.
9. The fatigue testing fixture for the fan main shaft according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inner wall of the limiting hole is provided with a keyway for engaging with the flat key on the outer wall of the tail end of the fan main shaft.
10. The fatigue testing fixture for the fan main shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the base is provided with multiple waist-shaped positioning holes corresponding to the positions of the front support module and the rear support module. The waist-shaped positioning holes are used to cooperate with bolts to fix the front support module and the rear support module to the base.