Signal switching circuit and energy storage power supply thereof

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model discloses a signal switching circuit and an energy storage power supply thereof. The signal switching circuit comprises a first switch module which is provided with a plurality of output ends and can be switched to different states to output different combined signals; the second switch module is configured to control a power supply path of the test board, a feedback path of the power supply board and a signal path according to an output signal of the first switch module; the signal processing module is connected between the first switch module and the second switch module; the voltage regulation module is connected with the second switch module and is configured to output a voltage feedback signal; and the control module is configured to control the state of the relay group of the second switch module. According to the embodiment of the utility model, a plurality of combined signals are output through the single first switch module, the control of power supply channels and signal channels of a plurality of groups of test boards and the adjustment of feedback channels and power supply voltages of the power supply boards can be realized, the number of required switches is reduced, the cost is reduced, the board occupation area is reduced, and the mode switching operation is simplified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electronic technology, and in particular to a signal switching circuit and its energy storage power supply. Background Technology

[0002] With social development, product diversification has become increasingly prominent, and people's demand for products with different functions is also constantly increasing. Products that integrate more functions and more modes are often more favored by customers. When designing such products, an important issue often arises—signal switching. In existing technologies, one switch often controls the switching of one signal. When switching modes, a large number of switches are required, resulting in higher costs, larger board area, and more inconvenient operation. Utility Model Content

[0003] The main technical problem solved by this utility model embodiment is to provide a signal switching circuit and its energy storage power supply, which can solve at least some of the defects of existing signal switching circuits.

[0004] In a first aspect, this utility model provides a signal switching circuit, comprising: a first switching module having multiple output terminals, the first switching module being capable of switching to different states to output different combined signals; a second switching module configured to control the power supply path of a first group of test boards, the feedback path of a power supply board, the power supply path of a second group of test boards, and the signal path according to the output signal of the first switching module; a signal processing module connected between the first switching module and the second switching module, configured to control the on or off state of the second switching module according to the output signal of the first switching module; a voltage regulation module connected to the second switching module, configured to output a first voltage feedback signal according to a first combined signal or a second combined signal output by the first switching module, to regulate the power supply voltage output by the power supply board to the first group of test boards and the second group of test boards; and a control module connected to the first switching module, the signal processing module, and the second switching module, configured to control the on or off state of at least one relay group of the second switching module according to a third combined signal output by the first switching module, and output a second voltage feedback signal to regulate the power supply voltage.

[0005] Optionally, the signal switching circuit further includes: an input port, an output port, a one-way conduction module, a pull-down locking module, and an unlocking module. The input port is connected to the first output terminal of the first switch module, the unlocking module, and the one-way conduction module, respectively. The output port is connected to the pull-up power supply, the pull-down locking module, and the one-way conduction module, respectively. The unlocking module is also connected to the pull-down locking module. The input port is used to receive a first level signal, a second level signal, or a floating signal. The one-way conduction module, in response to the first level signal received by the input port, conducts and pulls the voltage of the output port down to the first level, so that the output port outputs the first level signal. In response to the signal received by the input port switching from the second level signal to the floating signal, the pull-up power supply is transmitted to the input port, so that the input port maintains the second level signal. The unlocking module, in response to the second level signal received by the input port, outputs an unlocking signal to the pull-down locking module. The pull-down locking module, in response to the first level signal output by the output port, locks the output port at the first level signal. And in response to the unlocking signal, it closes.

[0006] Optionally, the pull-down locking module includes resistors R3, R4, R5, and R6, a switching transistor Q2, and a switching transistor Q3; the first end of resistor R4 is connected to the output port, the pull-up power supply, the unidirectional conduction module, and the drain of the switching transistor Q2; the second end of resistor R4 is connected to the base of the switching transistor Q3; the emitter of the switching transistor Q3 is connected to the first end of resistor R3; and the collector of the switching transistor Q3 is connected to the first ends of resistors R5 and R6, as well as the unlocking module.

[0007] The second end of resistor R3 is connected to the first voltage source, the second end of resistor R6 is connected to the gate of switch Q2, and the source of switch Q2 and the second end of resistor R5 are connected to reference ground.

[0008] Optionally, the unlocking module includes a Zener diode ZD1, resistors R1 and R2, a switching transistor Q1, and a capacitor C1; the cathode of the Zener diode ZD1 is connected to the input port, the unidirectional conduction module, and the first terminal of the capacitor C1; the anode of the Zener diode ZD1 is connected to the first terminal of the resistor R1; and the second terminal of the capacitor C1 is connected to reference ground; the second terminal of the resistor R1 is connected to the first terminal of the resistor R2 and the gate of the switching transistor Q1; the drain of the switching transistor Q1 is connected to the pull-down locking module; and the source of the switching transistor Q1 is connected to the second terminal of the resistor R2 and to reference ground.

[0009] Optionally, the second switching module includes a first relay group, a second relay group, and a third relay group. The signal processing module includes a first processing unit, a second processing unit, and a third processing unit. The first input terminal of the first processing unit is connected to the output port, and the output terminal of the first processing unit is used to control the energizing state of the first relay group. The first relay group is disposed on the power supply path of the first test board. The input terminal of the second processing unit is connected to the second output terminal of the first switching module, and the output terminal of the second processing unit is used to control the energizing state of the second relay group. The second relay group is disposed on the power supply path and signal path of the second test board. The input terminal of the third processing unit is connected to the third output terminal of the first switching module, and the output terminal of the third processing unit is used to control the energizing state of the third relay group. The third relay group is disposed between the power supply board and the voltage regulation module.

[0010] Optionally, the first relay group includes relays RLY2 and RLY3, and the first processing unit includes inductor L1, capacitors C2, C3, and C4, diodes D2 and D3, resistors R8, R9, R10, and R11, and switching transistors Q4 and Q5. The first terminal of inductor L1 is connected to a first voltage source. The second terminal of inductor L1 is connected to the first terminals of capacitors C3 and C4, the first terminal of resistor R9, the cathode of diode D3, the first terminal of the coil of relay RLY2, and the first terminal of the coil of relay RLY3. The second terminal of resistor R9 is connected to the first terminal of resistor R11, the anode of diode D2, and the cathode of switching transistor Q5. The collector of the diode is connected, the cathode of the diode D2 is connected to the output port, the base of the switch Q4 is connected to the first end of the resistor R10, the first end of the capacitor C2 and the first end of the resistor R8, and the second end of the resistor R8 is connected to the output terminal of the control module; the second end of the resistor R11 is connected to the base of the switch Q5, the emitter of the switch Q5 is connected to the anode of the diode D3, the second end of the coil of the relay RLY2 and the second end of the coil of the relay RLY3, and the second ends of the capacitors C3, C4, and C2, the second end of the resistor R10, the emitter of the switch Q4 and the collector of the switch Q5 are connected to the reference ground.

[0011] Optionally, the second relay group includes relays RLY1, RLY4, and RLY5, and the second processing unit includes capacitor C5, capacitor C6, diode D4, switching transistor Q6, resistor R12, and resistor R13. The first end of resistor R12 is connected to the second output terminal of the first switching module. The second end of resistor R12 is connected to the first end of resistor R13, the first end of capacitor C5, and the base of switching transistor Q6. The collector of switching transistor Q6 is connected to the anode of diode D4, the first end of the coil of relay RLY1, the first end of the coil of relay RLY4, and the first end of the coil of relay RLY5. The cathode of diode D4 is connected to the first end of capacitor C6, the second voltage source, the second end of the coil of relay RLY1, the second end of the coil of relay RLY4, and the second end of the coil of relay RLY5. The second end of capacitor C6, the second end of capacitor C5, the second end of resistor R13, and the emitter of switching transistor Q6 are connected to reference ground.

[0012] Optionally, the third relay group includes a relay RLY6, and the third processing unit includes a capacitor C7, a capacitor C8, a diode D5, a resistor R14, a resistor R15, and a switching transistor Q7. The first end of the resistor R14 is connected to the third output terminal of the first switching module. The second end of the resistor R14 is connected to the first end of the capacitor C8, the first end of the resistor R15, and the base of the switching transistor Q7. The collector of the switching transistor Q7 is connected to the anode of the diode D5 and the first end of the coil of the relay RLY6. The cathode of the diode D5 is connected to the first end of the capacitor C7, the second voltage source, and the second end of the coil of the relay RLY6. The second end of the capacitor C7, the second end of the capacitor C8, the second end of the resistor R15, and the emitter of the switching transistor Q7 are connected to a reference ground.

[0013] Optionally, the voltage regulation module includes a resistor R16, a potentiometer RP1, a capacitor C9, and a diode TVS1. The first terminal of the diode TVS1 is connected to the first terminal of the capacitor C9, the first terminal of the resistor R16, the first terminal of the potentiometer RP1, and the second switch module. The second terminal of the resistor R16 is connected to the second voltage source. The second terminal of the diode TVS1, the second terminal of the capacitor C9, and the second terminal of the potentiometer are connected to reference ground.

[0014] Secondly, this utility model provides an energy storage power supply, including: the signal switching circuit as described in the first aspect.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model embodiment are as follows: Unlike the prior art, this utility model embodiment outputs multiple combined signals through a single first switch module and cooperates with a signal processing module, a voltage regulation module and a control module to realize the control of multiple test board power supply paths and signal paths, as well as the adjustment of power board feedback paths and power supply voltage. This can reduce the number of required switches, reduce costs, reduce board area, and simplify mode switching operations. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a signal switching circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of a first switching module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the signal processing module and the second switching module provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the first processing unit and the first relay group provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the second processing unit and the second relay group provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram of the third processing unit and the third relay group provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 7 This is a circuit diagram of a voltage regulation module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of another signal switching circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 9 This is a circuit diagram of the unidirectional conduction module, pull-down locking module, and unlocking module provided in this embodiment of the utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To facilitate understanding of this utility model, a more detailed description is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is described as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element, or one or more intermediate elements may exist between them. When an element is described as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element, or one or more intermediate elements may exist between them. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this specification are for illustrative purposes only.

[0026] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The term "and / or" as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0027] In some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 1 A signal switching circuit is provided, comprising a first switching module 100, a signal processing module 200, a second switching module 300, a voltage regulation module 400, and a control module 500. Specifically, the first switching module 100 has multiple output terminals and can switch to different states to output different combined signals; the second switching module 300 is configured to control the power supply path of a first set of test boards, the feedback path of the power supply board, the power supply path of a second set of test boards, and the signal path based on the output signal of the first switching module 100; the signal processing module 200 is connected between the first switching module 100 and the second switching module 300, and is configured to control the on or off state of the second switching module 300 based on the output signal of the first switching module 100; the voltage regulation module 400 and the second switching module 500 are connected to control the signal path of the second switching module 300. A switch module 300 is connected and configured to output a first voltage feedback signal based on a first combined signal or a second combined signal output by the first switch module 100, so as to adjust the power supply voltage output by the power board to the first group of test boards and the second group of test boards; a control module 500 is connected to the first switch module 100, the signal processing module 200 and the second switch module 300, and configured to control the on or off state of at least one relay group of the second switch module 300 based on a third combined signal output by the first switch module 100, and output a second voltage feedback signal to adjust the power supply voltage.

[0028] By way of example and not limitation, the first switch module 100 may be a rotary switch, which can be switched to different states by rotating the knob, thereby outputting different combination signals. In a specific embodiment, the first switch module 100 may be a four-pole, three-position rotary switch with four output ports A, B, C, and D, each output port corresponding to three positions. By rotating the knob, three different connection methods can be achieved, thereby outputting three different combination signals.

[0029] The signal processing module 200 controls the on or off state of the second switch module 300 based on the output signal of the first switch module 100. In some embodiments, the signal processing module 200 may include multiple processing units, each processing unit being responsible for processing one output signal of the first switch module 100 and controlling the operating state of the corresponding relay group in the second switch module 300.

[0030] Specifically, the second switch module 300 may include multiple relay groups, each responsible for controlling a specific path, such as the power path of the first test board, the feedback path of the power board, the power path or signal path of the second test board. The on or off state of the relay group is controlled by the signal processing module 200 or the control module 500.

[0031] In this embodiment, the voltage regulation module 400 is connected to the second switch module 300. Based on different combinations of signals output by the first switch module 100, it can output different voltage feedback signals, thereby adjusting the power supply voltage output by the power board. In some embodiments, the voltage regulation module 400 may include components such as resistors, potentiometers, capacitors, and diodes. By adjusting the potentiometer, the magnitude of the feedback voltage can be changed, thereby adjusting the power supply voltage.

[0032] In some embodiments of this application, the control module 500 is connected to the first switch module 100, the signal processing module 200, and the second switch module 300. Based on the third combined signal output by the first switch module 100, it can control the on / off state of at least one relay group in the second switch module 300 and output a second voltage feedback signal to adjust the power supply voltage. The control module 500 can be a microcontroller or other control circuit capable of executing a preset control program based on input signals.

[0033] Through the coordinated operation of the aforementioned modules, the signal switching circuit provided in this application can switch between multiple operating modes. For example, it can switch between multiple operating modes such as manual multi-stage series test mode, manual single-board test mode, and automatic multi-stage series test mode.

[0034] It is worth mentioning that by outputting multiple combined signals through a single first switch module 100 (such as a rotary switch), and in conjunction with the signal processing module 200, voltage regulation module 400, and control module 500, it is possible to control multiple sets of test board power supply paths and signal paths, as well as adjust the power board feedback path and supply voltage. Compared with the traditional switching method where one switch controls one signal, the signal switching circuit provided in this application can reduce the number of switches required, lower costs, reduce board area, and simplify the operation process.

[0035] For example, in traditional technology, switching between three modes may require multiple switches to control different signal paths. However, using the signal switching circuit provided in this application, only one rotary switch is needed to switch between multiple modes, which greatly simplifies the operation process and reduces the area occupied by the circuit board.

[0036] In some other embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 1 and Figure 2 A signal switching circuit is provided, in which a first switching module 100 plays a core role. Specifically, the first switching module 100 has multiple output terminals and can switch to different states to output different combination signals, thereby controlling the operating mode of the entire circuit.

[0037] As an example rather than a limitation, such as Figure 2 As shown, the first switch module 100 can be a rotary switch SW1 with four output ports: A, B, C, and D. Each output port corresponds to three gear positions, and three different connection methods can be achieved by rotating the knob. It is easy to understand that when the knob is switched to different positions, the four output ports will be connected to the corresponding gear positions, thereby forming different combination signals.

[0038] Specifically, in Figure 2 In this rotary switch SW1, output port A can be connected to positions 1, 2, and 3; output port B can be connected to positions 4, 5, and 6; output port C can be connected to positions 7, 8, and 9; and output port D can be connected to positions 10, 11, and 12. By rotating the knob, three different connection combinations can be achieved: A-1 / B-4 / C-7 / D-10, A-2 / B-5 / C-8 / D-11, and A-3 / B-6 / C-9 / D-12.

[0039] In some embodiments of this application, each output terminal of the first switch module 100 can output a high-level signal, a low-level signal, or a floating signal, thereby forming different combined signals. For example, when the knob is in the first position, output port A may output a low-level signal, output port B may output a high-level signal, output port C may output a low-level signal, and output port D may output a high-level signal, forming a specific combined signal.

[0040] By way of example and not limitation, the combined signal output by the first switching module 100 can be directly connected to the signal processing module 200 to control the on or off state of the second switching module 300. Simultaneously, the combined signal can also be connected to the control module 500 to control the on or off state of at least one relay group of the second switching module 300 and to regulate the power supply voltage.

[0041] It is easy to understand that by adjusting the state of the first switch module 100, different combinations of signals can be generated, thereby controlling the operating mode of the entire circuit. For example, by switching to different positions, multiple operating modes such as manual multi-stage series test mode, manual single-board test mode, and automatic multi-stage series test mode can be switched.

[0042] Specifically, when the first switch module 100 switches to the first position, it may output a first combination signal, causing the signal processing module 200 to control the second switch module 300 to enter a first operating state, and simultaneously causing the voltage regulation module 400 to output a first voltage feedback signal to regulate the power supply voltage output by the power board. When switched to the second position, it may output a second combination signal, causing the signal processing module 200 to control the second switch module 300 to enter a second operating state, and simultaneously causing the voltage regulation module 400 to output another voltage feedback signal to regulate the power supply voltage.

[0043] In other embodiments of this application, the structural schematic diagrams of the signal processing module 200 and the second switching module 300 are as follows: Figure 3 As shown. Specifically, the second switch module 300 includes a first relay group 310, a second relay group 320, and a third relay group 330, while the signal processing module 200 includes a corresponding first processing unit 210, a second processing unit 220, and a third processing unit 230.

[0044] As an example and not a limitation, the first input terminal of the first processing unit 210 is connected to the output port, and the output terminal of the first processing unit 210 is used to control the energizing state of the first relay group 310. It is worth mentioning that the first relay group 310 is arranged in the power supply path of the first test board, and by controlling its energizing state, the power supply to the first test board can be controlled.

[0045] Specifically, the input terminal of the second processing unit 220 is connected to the second output terminal of the first switch module 100, and the output terminal of the second processing unit 220 is used to control the energizing state of the second relay group 320. It is easy to understand that the second relay group 320 is located on the power supply path and signal path of the second test board, and by controlling its energizing state, the power supply and signal transmission of the second test board can be controlled.

[0046] In some embodiments of this application, the input terminal of the third processing unit 230 is connected to the third output terminal of the first switching module 100, and the output terminal of the third processing unit 230 is used to control the energizing state of the third relay group 330. It is worth noting that the third relay group 330 is disposed between the power supply board and the voltage regulation module 400, and by controlling its energizing state, control of the power supply board feedback path can be achieved.

[0047] As an example and not a limitation, the first switch module 100 may output different combinations of signals when switching to different states. For example, when switching to the first state, the first switch module 100 may output a specific set of combined signals, causing the first processing unit 210 to output a control signal to control the first relay group 310 to engage, thereby turning on the power supply path of the first test board. At the same time, the second processing unit 220 and the third processing unit 230 will also control the engagement state of the second relay group 320 and the third relay group 330 respectively according to the received signals.

[0048] It is easy to understand that when the first switch module 100 switches to the second state, its output combination signal changes, causing the control signals output by each processing unit to also change, thereby changing the activation state of each relay group and realizing different operating modes. For example, in one operating mode, it may be necessary for the signal path between the first group of test boards and the second group of test boards to be connected, while in another operating mode, it may be necessary for the signal path between them to be disconnected.

[0049] Specifically, each processing unit in the signal processing module 200 may include components such as transistors, resistors, and capacitors. Through the combination of these components, the processing of input signals and the generation of output control signals can be realized. For example, when a high-level signal is received at the input terminal, the processing unit may output a low-level signal to control the relay to not engage; while when a low-level signal is received at the input terminal, the processing unit may output a high-level signal to control the relay to engage.

[0050] By way of example and not limitation, each relay group in the second switching module 300 may include one or more relays, each relay being responsible for controlling a specific path. Control of different paths can be achieved through the switching action of the relays. For example, when a relay is energized, the corresponding path is closed; when a relay is de-energized, the corresponding path is closed.

[0051] In some embodiments of this application, the coordinated operation of the first switch module 100, the signal processing module 200, and the second switch module 300 enables flexible control of the power and signal paths of multiple test boards, thereby meeting the needs of different operating modes. For example, in manual multi-stage series testing mode, it may be necessary for the power and signal paths of multiple test boards to be turned on; while in manual single-board testing mode, it may be necessary for the power path of only one test board to be turned on, while the signal path is disconnected.

[0052] In summary, the signal switching circuit provided in this application, through the ingenious cooperation of the signal processing module 200 and the second switch module 300, achieves flexible control over multiple test board power and signal paths, facilitating the switching of different operating modes. Compared to traditional technologies that require multiple switches to control different paths, the signal switching circuit provided in this application has a simpler structure, is more convenient to operate, and greatly improves system efficiency and user experience.

[0053] Furthermore, the signal switching circuit provided in this application also has good scalability. By adding processing units and relay groups, the number of control paths can be easily expanded to meet the needs of more complex systems. At the same time, by modifying the circuit structure of the processing unit, different types of input signals can be processed, enhancing the circuit's adaptability and compatibility.

[0054] As an example rather than a limitation, such as Figure 4 As shown, the first relay group 310 includes relays RLY2 and RLY3, and the first processing unit 210 includes inductor L1, capacitors C2, C3, and C4, diodes D2 and D3, resistors R8, R9, R10, and R11, and switching transistors Q4 and Q5.

[0055] Specifically, the first terminal of inductor L1 is connected to the first voltage source (+12V in the diagram), and the second terminal of inductor L1 is simultaneously connected to the first terminals of capacitor C3, capacitor C4, resistor R9, the cathode of diode D3, the first terminal of the coil of relay RLY2, and the first terminal of the coil of relay RLY3. It is easy to understand that inductor L1 acts as a filter in this circuit, reducing the impact of power supply fluctuations on relay control.

[0056] In some embodiments of this application, the second terminal of resistor R9 is connected to the first terminal of resistor R11, the anode of diode D2, and the collector of switching transistor Q4. The cathode of diode D2 is connected to the output port MT_Mode_Ctrl to receive control signals from the first switching module 100. The base of switching transistor Q4 is connected to the first terminal of resistor R10, the first terminal of capacitor C2, and the first terminal of resistor R8. The second terminal of resistor R8 is connected to the output terminal M_PV_Ctrl of control module 500.

[0057] The second terminal of resistor R11 is connected to the base of switching transistor Q5. The emitter of switching transistor Q5 is connected to the anode of diode D3, the second terminal of the coil of relay RLY2, and the second terminal of the coil of relay RLY3. The second terminals of capacitors C3, C4, and C2, the second terminal of resistor R10, the emitter of switching transistor Q4, and the collector of switching transistor Q5 are all connected to reference ground GND.

[0058] Specifically, when the first switching module 100 outputs a low-level signal to MT_Mode_Ctrl, diode D2 conducts, reducing the base voltage of switching transistor Q4 and turning it on. After Q4 conducts, its collector voltage decreases, pulling down the base voltage of switching transistor Q5 through resistor R11, thus turning Q5 on. When Q5 conducts, the coils of relays RLY2 and RLY3 are energized, causing the relays to engage, thereby connecting the power supply path of the first test board.

[0059] It's easy to understand that when the control module 500 outputs a high-level signal to M_PV_Ctrl, it pulls up the base voltage of the switching transistor Q4 through resistor R8, turning on Q4. At this time, even if MT_Mode_Ctrl is high, the switching transistor Q5 will still be on, and relays RLY2 and RLY3 will still be energized.

[0060] In some embodiments of this application, capacitors C2, C3, and C4 serve as filters and stabilizers in the circuit, reducing noise and interference and ensuring the stability of relay control. Diode D3 provides protection by absorbing the back electromotive force generated when the relay coil is de-energized, preventing damage to the switching transistor Q5.

[0061] The contacts of relays RLY2 and RLY3 are connected to the power supply path of the first set of test boards. When the relays are energized, the contacts close, connecting the power supply to the first set of test boards; when the relays are de-energized, the contacts open, disconnecting the power supply. By controlling the energized state of the relays, the power supply to the first set of test boards can be controlled.

[0062] It is worth mentioning that, Figure 4The display shows that the contacts of relays RLY2 and RLY3 are connected to PV_IN+ / PV_IN- and +7.2V / BGND respectively, forming the power supply path for the first set of test boards. When the relays are energized, PV_IN+ is connected to +7.2V and PV_IN- is connected to BGND, providing power to the first set of test boards.

[0063] Specifically, through the coordinated control of the first switch module 100 and the control module 500, flexible control of the first relay group 310 can be achieved, thereby controlling the power supply path of the first test board. For example, in the manual multi-stage series test mode, the first switch module 100 can control the relay to engage; while in the automatic multi-stage series test mode, the control module 500 can control the relay to engage.

[0064] In some embodiments of this application, the design of the first processing unit 210 takes into account the stability and reliability of the circuit. By reasonably selecting the parameters of components such as resistors, capacitors, and switching transistors, it can be ensured that the relay control can be executed accurately and reliably under different operating conditions. At the same time, the protection measures in the circuit can also effectively prevent damage to components under abnormal conditions.

[0065] In summary, the first processing unit 210 and the first relay group 310 in the signal switching circuit provided in this application achieve precise control of the power supply path of the first test board through ingenious circuit design. Compared with the simple switching control method in traditional technology, this increases the flexibility and reliability of control, can adapt to the needs of different working modes, and improves the overall performance of the system. At the same time, through collaborative work with other modules, it achieves flexible control of the entire circuit's working mode, providing users with a convenient operating experience.

[0066] As an example rather than a limitation, such as Figure 5 As shown, the second relay group 320 includes relays RLY1, RLY4 and RLY5, and the second processing unit 220 includes capacitors C5 and C6, diode D4, switching transistor Q6, resistor R12 and resistor R13.

[0067] Specifically, the first end of resistor R12 is connected to the second output terminal M_Mode_FB1 of the first switching module 100, and the second end of resistor R12 is simultaneously connected to the first end of resistor R13, the first end of capacitor C5, and the base of switching transistor Q6. It is easy to understand that resistors R12 and R13 form a voltage divider circuit, which is used to adjust the voltage at the base of switching transistor Q6 and control its conduction state.

[0068] In some embodiments of this application, the collector of the switching transistor Q6 is simultaneously connected to the anode of diode D4, the first terminal of the coil of relay RLY1, the first terminal of the coil of relay RLY4, and the first terminal of the coil of relay RLY5. The cathode of diode D4 is connected to the first terminal of capacitor C6, the second voltage source (+5V in the figure), the second terminal of the coil of relay RLY1, the second terminal of the coil of relay RLY4, and the second terminal of the coil of relay RLY5. The second terminals of capacitor C6, capacitor C5, resistor R13, and the emitter of switching transistor Q6 are all connected to reference ground GND.

[0069] As an example and not a limitation, when the second output terminal M_Mode_FB1 of the first switching module 100 outputs a high-level signal, the base voltage of the switching transistor Q6 increases through the voltage division of resistors R12 and R13, causing the switching transistor Q6 to conduct. When the switching transistor Q6 is turned on, the coils of relays RLY1, RLY4, and RLY5 are energized, causing the relays to engage, thereby connecting the power supply and signal paths of the second set of test boards.

[0070] It is easy to understand that when the second output terminal M_Mode_FB1 of the first switching module 100 outputs a low-level signal, the base voltage of the switching transistor Q6 decreases, causing the switching transistor Q6 to turn off. When the switching transistor Q6 is turned off, the coils of relays RLY1, RLY4, and RLY5 are de-energized, causing the relays to release, thereby disconnecting the power supply and signal path of the second set of test boards.

[0071] Specifically, Figure 5 The display shows the contact connections of relays RLY1, RLY4, and RLY5. Relay RLY1's contacts are connected to power lines such as +5VL / +5VVP / +5VPP / +5VS / +5VD; relay RLY4's contacts are connected to signal lines such as Uart_DW-TX / Uart_DW-RX and Serial_UP-RX / Serial_UP-TX; and relay RLY5's contacts are connected to signal lines such as Uart_UP-TX / Uart_UP-RX and Serial_DW-RX / Serial_DW-TX. By controlling the engagement state of relays RLY1, RLY4, and RLY5, flexible control of the power and signal paths of the second set of test boards can be achieved.

[0072] In some embodiments of this application, capacitors C5 and C6 serve as filters and stabilizers in the circuit, reducing noise and interference and ensuring the stability of relay control. Diode D4 provides protection, absorbing the back electromotive force generated when the relay coil is de-energized, preventing damage to the switching transistor Q6.

[0073] It is worth mentioning that the design of the second relay group 320 enables it to control both the power and signal paths simultaneously. For example, in manual multi-stage series test mode, when the second output terminal M_Mode_FB1 of the first switch module 100 outputs a high-level signal, relays RLY1, RLY4, and RLY5 are activated, connecting the power and signal paths between multiple boards under test, thus achieving cascading mode. In manual single-board test mode, when M_Mode_FB1 outputs a low-level signal, the relays are released, disconnecting the signal and power between different boards under test, allowing only one board under test to operate.

[0074] Specifically, relay RLY1 controls the power supply path; when it is energized, it connects different power lines to provide power to the second set of test boards. Relays RLY4 and RLY5 control the signal path; when they are energized, they connect different signal lines to transmit signals. Through the coordinated operation of these three relays, flexible control of the power supply and signals of the second set of test boards can be achieved.

[0075] In some embodiments of this application, the design of the second processing unit 220 and the second relay group 320 enables them to automatically switch operating states based on the output signal of the first switching module 100, without the need for additional control signals, thus simplifying the system's control logic. Simultaneously, the circuit design also considers various abnormal conditions, such as power fluctuations and signal interference, ensuring stable and reliable operation under various conditions.

[0076] In summary, the second processing unit 220 and the second relay group 320 in the signal switching circuit provided in this application achieve precise control of the power supply and signal paths of the second test board through ingenious circuit design. Compared with the traditional method that requires multiple switches to control different paths, the structure is simpler, the control is more centralized, and the stability and reliability of the system are greatly improved. At the same time, through collaborative work with other modules, flexible control of the entire circuit's operating mode is achieved, providing users with a convenient operating experience, reducing the number of required switches, lowering costs, and reducing the board area occupied.

[0077] As an example rather than a limitation, such as Figure 6 As shown, the third relay group 330 includes relay RLY6, and the third processing unit 230 includes capacitor C7, capacitor C8, diode D5, resistor R14, resistor R15, and switching transistor Q7.

[0078] Specifically, the first end of resistor R14 is connected to the third output terminal M_Mode_FB2 of the first switching module 100, and the second end of resistor R14 is simultaneously connected to the first end of capacitor C8, the first end of resistor R15, and the base of switching transistor Q7. It is easy to understand that resistors R14 and R15 form a voltage divider circuit, which is used to adjust the voltage at the base of switching transistor Q7 and control its conduction state.

[0079] In some embodiments of this application, the collector of the switching transistor Q7 is simultaneously connected to the anode of the diode D5 and the first terminal of the coil of the relay RLY6. The cathode of the diode D5 is connected to the first terminal of the capacitor C7, the second voltage source (+5V in the figure), and the second terminal of the coil of the relay RLY6. The second terminals of capacitor C7, capacitor C8, resistor R15, and the emitter of the switching transistor Q7 are all connected to reference ground GND.

[0080] As an example and not a limitation, when the third output terminal M_Mode_FB2 of the first switching module 100 outputs a high-level signal, the base voltage of the switching transistor Q7 increases through the voltage division of resistors R14 and R15, causing the switching transistor Q7 to conduct. When the switching transistor Q7 conducts, the coil of the relay RLY6 is energized, causing the relay to engage, thereby changing the feedback path of the power supply board.

[0081] It's easy to understand that when M_Mode_FB2 outputs a low-level signal, the base voltage of switch Q7 decreases, causing switch Q7 to turn off. When switch Q7 turns off, the coil of relay RLY6 is de-energized, causing the relay to release, thereby restoring the original feedback path of the power board.

[0082] Specifically, Figure 6 The image shows the contact connection of relay RLY6. The contacts of relay RLY6 are connected to signal lines such as Vout1_VReg, MT_V_Reg, and AT_V_Reg. By controlling the energized state of relay RLY6, different voltage feedback signals can be selected to input to the power supply board, thereby adjusting the supply voltage. For example, when relay RLY6 is energized, Vout1_VReg can be connected to the first voltage feedback signal MT_V_Reg to manually adjust the power supply board's output voltage; when relay RLY6 is de-energized, Vout1_VReg can be connected to the second voltage feedback signal AT_V_Reg to automatically adjust the power supply board's output voltage.

[0083] In some embodiments of this application, capacitors C7 and C8 serve as filters and stabilizers in the circuit, reducing noise and interference and ensuring the stability of relay control. Diode D5 provides protection, absorbing the back electromotive force generated when the relay coil is de-energized, preventing damage to the switching transistor Q7.

[0084] It is worth mentioning that the design of the third relay group 330 allows it to flexibly switch between different feedback signals. For example, in manual mode, the voltage of the first voltage feedback signal MT_V_Reg can be adjusted using a potentiometer, and the supply voltage can be adjusted by feeding back to the power board; while in automatic mode, the second voltage feedback signal AT_V_Reg output by the control module 500 can be used to precisely adjust the supply voltage through PWM waveform control.

[0085] Specifically, when the first switch module 100 switches to the manual multi-stage series test mode or the manual single-board test mode, the third output terminal M_Mode_FB2 outputs a low-level signal, turning off the switch Q7, releasing the relay RLY6, and connecting Vout1_VReg to the first voltage feedback signal MT_V_Reg. By adjusting the potentiometer, the voltage of the first voltage feedback signal MT_V_Reg is changed and fed back to the power board to adjust the power supply voltage. When switching to the automatic multi-stage series test mode, M_Mode_FB2 outputs a high-level signal, turning on the switch Q7, energizing the relay RLY6, and connecting Vout1_VReg to the second voltage feedback signal AT_V_Reg. By controlling the module 500, a PWM wave is output and fed back to the power board to adjust the power supply voltage.

[0086] In some embodiments of this application, the design of the third processing unit 230 and the third relay group 330 enables them to automatically switch the feedback path of the power board according to the output signal of the first switching module 100, without the need for additional control signals, thus simplifying the control logic of the system. At the same time, the circuit design also considers various abnormal conditions, such as power fluctuations and signal interference, ensuring stable and reliable operation under various conditions.

[0087] In summary, the third processing unit 230 and the third relay group 330 in the signal switching circuit provided in this application achieve precise control of the power board feedback path through ingenious circuit design. Compared with the traditional method that requires multiple switches to control different paths, the structure is simpler, the control is more centralized, and the stability and reliability of the system are greatly improved. At the same time, through collaborative work with other modules, flexible control of the entire circuit's operating mode is achieved, providing users with a convenient operating experience, reducing the number of required switches, lowering costs, reducing board area, and also improving the accuracy and flexibility of power supply voltage regulation.

[0088] As an example rather than a limitation, such as Figure 7 As shown, the voltage regulation module 400 includes a resistor R16, a potentiometer RP1, a capacitor C9, and a diode TVS1.

[0089] Specifically, the first terminal of diode TVS1 is simultaneously connected to the first terminal of capacitor C9, the first terminal of resistor R16, the first terminal of potentiometer RP1, and the second switch module 300. The second terminal of resistor R16 is connected to the second voltage source (+5V in the figure). The second terminals of diode TVS1, capacitor C9, and potentiometer RP1 are all connected to reference ground GND.

[0090] In some embodiments of this application, the voltage regulation module 400 and the second switch module 300 are connected via the MT_V_Reg signal line. Depending on different combinations of signals output by the first switch module 100, the MT_V_Reg signal may be connected to different circuit nodes to achieve different voltage regulation functions.

[0091] It's easy to understand that potentiometer RP1 plays a crucial role in this circuit. By adjusting the potentiometer knob, the voltage value of the first voltage feedback signal MT_V_Reg can be changed, thereby adjusting the output voltage of the power supply board. Resistor R16 is connected to the power supply, providing a stable voltage source for the circuit. Capacitor C9 acts as a filter, reducing noise and interference in the signal and ensuring the stability of the feedback signal.

[0092] As an example and not a limitation, the TVS1 diode is a transient voltage suppressor diode that plays a protective role in the circuit. When an abnormally high voltage occurs on the MT_V_Reg signal line, the TVS1 diode will conduct, clamping the excessive voltage within a safe range and preventing damage to subsequent circuitry.

[0093] Specifically, when the first switch module 100 switches to manual mode (such as manual multi-stage series test mode or manual single-board test mode), relay RLY6 in the third relay group 330 is in the released state, connecting Vout1_VReg to the first voltage feedback signal MT_V_Reg. At this time, by adjusting potentiometer RP1, the voltage value of the first voltage feedback signal MT_V_Reg can be changed. This signal is fed back to the power board, thereby adjusting the power supply voltage output by the power board.

[0094] In some embodiments of this application, the voltage regulation module 400 works in conjunction with the third relay group 330 to realize voltage regulation functions in manual and automatic modes. In manual mode, the first voltage feedback signal MT_V_Reg is adjusted by potentiometer RP1 to achieve manual voltage regulation; in automatic mode, the first voltage feedback signal MT_V_Reg is cut off, and the second voltage feedback signal AT_V_Reg output by the control module 500 is used instead to achieve automatic voltage regulation.

[0095] Specifically, the voltage regulation module 400 is designed to provide corresponding voltage feedback signals according to different operating modes. For example, in manual multi-stage series test mode and manual single-board test mode, the voltage of the first voltage feedback signal MT_V_Reg can be changed by adjusting potentiometer RP1, and fed back to the power board to regulate the power supply voltage; in automatic multi-stage series test mode, the control module 500 outputs a PWM waveform to the AT_V_Reg signal line, and feeds back to the power board to regulate the power supply voltage.

[0096] In summary, the voltage regulation module 400 in the signal switching circuit provided in this application achieves precise regulation of the power supply voltage to the power board through ingenious circuit design. Compared with traditional voltage regulation methods, the structure is simpler, the control is more flexible, and the stability and reliability of the system are greatly improved. Simultaneously, through collaborative work with other modules, it enables flexible adjustment of the power supply voltage in different operating modes, providing users with a convenient operating experience, reducing the number of required components, lowering costs, reducing board area, and improving the accuracy and stability of power supply voltage regulation.

[0097] In some other embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 8 This provides an extended structure for a signal switching circuit, in Figure 1 Based on the signal switching circuit shown, an input port, an output port, a one-way conduction module 600, a pull-down locking module 800, and an unlocking module 700 have been added to further improve the stability and reliability of the circuit.

[0098] As an example rather than a limitation, such as Figure 8 As shown, the signal switching circuit also includes an input port Mode_Ctrl, an output port MT_Mode_Ctrl, a one-way conduction module 600, a pull-down locking module 800, and an unlocking module 700. The input port Mode_Ctrl is connected to the first output terminal of the first switch module 100, the unlocking module 700, and the one-way conduction module 600, respectively. The output port MT_Mode_Ctrl is connected to the pull-up power supply V1, the pull-down locking module 800, and the one-way conduction module 600, respectively. The unlocking module 700 is also connected to the pull-down locking module 800.

[0099] Specifically, the input port Mode_Ctrl is used to receive a first-level signal, a second-level signal, or a floating signal. In some embodiments, the first-level signal can be a low-level signal, and the second-level signal can be a high-level signal. By processing the different signals received at the input port, flexible control of the output port signal can be achieved.

[0100] In some embodiments of this application, the unidirectional conduction module 600, in response to the first level signal (e.g., a low level signal) received at the input port Mode_Ctrl, pulls the voltage of the output port MT_Mode_Ctrl down to the first level, so that the output port MT_Mode_Ctrl outputs the first level signal. The unidirectional conduction module 600 also, in response to the signal received at the input port Mode_Ctrl switching from a second level signal (e.g., a high level signal) to a floating signal, transmits the pull-up power supply V1 to the input port Mode_Ctrl, so that the input port Mode_Ctrl maintains the second level signal.

[0101] It is easy to understand that the unlock module 700, in response to the second-level signal (such as a high-level signal) received by the input port Mode_Ctrl, outputs an unlock signal to the pull-down lock module 800. The pull-down lock module 800, in response to the first-level signal (such as a low-level signal) output by the output port MT_Mode_Ctrl, locks the output port MT_Mode_Ctrl to the first-level signal; and in response to the unlock signal, releases the lock on the output port MT_Mode_Ctrl.

[0102] As an example, and not a limitation, the coordinated operation of the unidirectional conduction module 600, the pull-down locking module 800, and the unlocking module 700 achieves stable control of the output port MT_Mode_Ctrl signal. For example, when the input port Mode_Ctrl receives a low-level signal, the unidirectional conduction module 600 conducts, pulling down the voltage of the output port MT_Mode_Ctrl and outputting a low-level signal, while the pull-down locking module 800 locks the output port in a low-level state; when the input port Mode_Ctrl receives a high-level signal, the unlocking module 700 outputs an unlocking signal, causing the pull-down locking module 800 to release its lock, and the output port MT_Mode_Ctrl can return to the high-level state provided by the pull-up power supply V1.

[0103] Specifically, when the signal received by the input port Mode_Ctrl switches from high level to floating, the unidirectional conduction module 600 can transmit the pull-up power supply V1 to the input port Mode_Ctrl, keeping the input port in a high level state, preventing instability caused by floating, and improving the stability and reliability of the circuit.

[0104] It is worth mentioning that the design of the unidirectional conduction module 600, the pull-down locking module 800, and the unlocking module 700 enables the signal switching circuit to handle the switching of various signal states, including switching from high level to low level, low level to high level, and high level to floating state, thereby enhancing the stability and anti-interference capability of the circuit.

[0105] In some embodiments of this application, when the first switch module 100 switches to different states, its first output terminal outputs different signals to the input port Mode_Ctrl. Through the processing of the unidirectional conduction module 600, the pull-down locking module 800, and the unlocking module 700, a stable control signal is finally generated at the output port MT_Mode_Ctrl to control the working state of subsequent circuits.

[0106] This is an example, not a limitation. Figure 8 The structure shown achieves stable signal control through a simple combination of components, eliminating the need for complex logic circuits or microcontrollers, thus reducing costs and improving reliability. Furthermore, the circuit design considers various abnormal conditions, such as signal jitter and interference, ensuring stable and reliable operation under diverse conditions.

[0107] Specifically, through Figure 8 The circuit structure shown enables stable signal transmission between the first switching module 100 and the signal processing module 200. For example, when the first switching module 100 switches to manual multi-stage series test mode or manual single-board test mode, its first output terminal outputs a low-level signal to the input port Mode_Ctrl. After processing, the output port MT_Mode_Ctrl outputs a low-level signal to the signal processing module 200, controlling the subsequent circuits to enter the corresponding working mode. When switching to automatic multi-stage series test mode, the first output terminal outputs a high-level signal, and the final output port MT_Mode_Ctrl outputs a high-level signal, controlling the subsequent circuits to enter the automatic working mode.

[0108] In summary, the signal switching circuit provided in this application achieves stable signal control and enhances the circuit's anti-interference capability and stability by adding input ports, output ports, a unidirectional conduction module 600, a pull-down locking module 800, and an unlocking module 700. Compared to the simple signal transmission methods in traditional technologies, the introduction of additional modules improves the circuit's reliability, especially when handling floating signals and signal jitter. At the same time, the circuit design maintains its simple structure and low cost, meeting the requirements of practicality and economy. Through collaborative work with other modules, it provides a stable and reliable control signal for the entire signal switching circuit, meeting the needs of different operating modes.

[0109] As an example rather than a limitation, such as Figure 9As shown, the pull-down locking module 800 includes resistors R3, R4, R5, and R6, and switching transistors Q2 and Q3. The first terminal of resistor R4 is connected to the output port MT_Mode_Ctrl, the pull-up power supply +12V, the unidirectional conduction module 600, and the drain of switching transistor Q2. The second terminal of resistor R4 is connected to the base of switching transistor Q3. The emitter of switching transistor Q3 is connected to the first terminal of resistor R3, and the collector of switching transistor Q3 is connected to the first terminals of resistors R5 and R6, and the unlocking module 700.

[0110] Specifically, the second terminal of resistor R3 is connected to the first voltage source (+12V in the figure), the second terminal of resistor R6 is connected to the gate of switch Q2, and the source of switch Q2 is connected to the reference ground GND via the second terminal of resistor R5.

[0111] In some embodiments of this application, the working principle of the pull-down locking module 800 can be described as follows: When the output port MT_Mode_Ctrl outputs a first-level signal (such as a low-level signal), the base voltage of the switching transistor Q3 decreases, causing Q3 to conduct. Its collector voltage decreases, pulling up the gate voltage of the switching transistor Q2 through resistor R6, causing Q2 to conduct. When Q2 is on, the output port MT_Mode_Ctrl is pulled low to near the reference ground level and maintained in this state, thus achieving locking of the output port.

[0112] It is easy to understand that the unlocking module 700 includes a Zener diode ZD1, resistors R1 and R2, a switching transistor Q1, and a capacitor C1. The cathode of the Zener diode ZD1 is connected to the input port Mode_Ctrl, the unidirectional conduction module 600, and the first terminal of the capacitor C1. The anode of the Zener diode ZD1 is connected to the first terminal of the resistor R1, and the second terminal of the capacitor C1 is connected to the reference ground GND.

[0113] As an example and not a limitation, the second end of resistor R1 is connected to the first end of resistor R2 and the gate of switch Q1, the drain of switch Q1 is connected to pull-down lockout module 800, and the source of switch Q1 is connected to reference ground GND via the second end of resistor R2.

[0114] Specifically, the working principle of the unlocking module 700 can be described as follows: When the input port Mode_Ctrl receives a second-level signal (such as a high-level signal), the Zener diode ZD1 operates in a breakdown state, stabilizing the voltage at a fixed value. Through the voltage division of resistors R1 and R2, the gate voltage of the switching transistor Q1 increases, causing Q1 to conduct. When Q1 conducts, its drain voltage decreases, outputting an unlock signal to the pull-down locking module 800, causing the switching transistor Q3 in the pull-down locking module 800 to turn off, which in turn turns off the switching transistor Q2, releasing the lock on the output port MT_Mode_Ctrl.

[0115] In some embodiments of this application, capacitor C1 acts as a filter and stabilizer, reducing noise and interference in the signal and ensuring the stability of the unlock signal. Zener diode ZD1 acts as a voltage stabilizer and protector, preventing high voltage from damaging subsequent circuits.

[0116] It is worth mentioning that the coordinated operation of the pull-down locking module 800 and the unlocking module 700 achieves stable control of the output port MT_Mode_Ctrl signal. For example, when the input port Mode_Ctrl receives a low-level signal, the unidirectional conduction module 600 turns on, pulling the voltage of the output port MT_Mode_Ctrl low and outputting a low-level signal. At the same time, the pull-down locking module 800 locks the output port in a low-level state. When the input port Mode_Ctrl receives a high-level signal, the unlocking module 700 outputs an unlocking signal, causing the pull-down locking module 800 to release the lock, and the output port MT_Mode_Ctrl can return to the high-level state provided by the pull-up power supply +12V.

[0117] As an example and not a limitation, the switch Q2 in the pull-down locking module 800 can be a field-effect transistor (such as a MOSFET), and the switch Q3 can be a transistor (such as an NPN transistor); the switch Q1 in the unlocking module 700 can be a field-effect transistor. By using different types of switches, suitable control characteristics, such as switching speed, on-resistance, and control voltage, can be selected according to circuit requirements.

[0118] Specifically, the design of the pull-down locking module 800 and the unlocking module 700 takes into account the stability, reliability, and response speed of the circuit. By using a dual-switch structure (Q2 and Q3), the pull-down locking module 800 achieves stable locking of the output signal; by using a Zener diode and a filter capacitor, the unlocking module 700 achieves reliable processing of the input signal.

[0119] It is easy to understand that when the first switch module 100 switches to different states, its first output terminal will output different signals to the input port Mode_Ctrl. Through the processing of the unidirectional conduction module 600, the pull-down locking module 800, and the unlocking module 700, a stable control signal is finally generated at the output port MT_Mode_Ctrl to control the working state of subsequent circuits.

[0120] In some embodiments of this application, when the input port Mode_Ctrl receives a low-level signal, the unlocking module 700 does not output an unlocking signal, and the pull-down locking module 800 locks the output port MT_Mode_Ctrl in a low-level state; when the input port Mode_Ctrl receives a high-level signal, the unlocking module 700 outputs an unlocking signal, causing the pull-down locking module 800 to release the lock, and the output port MT_Mode_Ctrl returns to a high-level state; when the input port Mode_Ctrl switches from a high-level state to a floating state, the unidirectional conduction module 600 transmits the pull-up power supply to the input port to keep the input port in a high-level state and prevent unstable states.

[0121] In summary, the pull-down locking module 800 and unlocking module 700 in the signal switching circuit provided in this application achieve stable control of the signal state through ingenious circuit design, especially performing excellently when handling floating signals and signal jitter. Compared with the simple signal transmission methods in traditional technologies, this enhances the circuit's anti-interference capability and stability, ensuring stable and reliable operation under various conditions. At the same time, the circuit design maintains its simple structure and low cost, meeting the requirements of practicality and economy. Through collaborative work with other modules, it provides a stable and reliable control signal for the entire signal switching circuit, meeting the needs of different operating modes.

[0122] In some other embodiments of this application, an energy storage power supply is provided, which includes a signal switching circuit as described in any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0123] As an example and not a limitation, this energy storage power supply can be applied to power systems requiring multiple operating modes, such as solar energy storage systems, uninterruptible power supply systems, or power systems with adjustable output. By integrating the aforementioned signal switching circuit, the energy storage power supply can flexibly switch between multiple operating modes to meet the needs of different application scenarios.

[0124] Specifically, this energy storage power supply can switch between multiple operating modes, including manual multi-stage series testing mode, manual single-board testing mode, and automatic multi-stage series testing mode, through a signal switching circuit. In different modes, the energy storage power supply can adjust its output voltage and current characteristics, as well as the operating state of its internal circuits, thereby adapting to different load requirements and operating environments.

[0125] It is worth mentioning that by adopting the above signal switching circuit, the energy storage power supply can switch between multiple working modes through a single knob switch, which is convenient to operate, while also reducing the complexity and cost of the circuit and the area occupied by the circuit board.

[0126] It should be noted that while the preferred embodiments of this utility model are provided in the specification and accompanying drawings, this utility model can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. These embodiments are not intended to impose additional limitations on the content of this utility model; their purpose is to provide a more thorough and comprehensive understanding of the disclosure of this utility model. Furthermore, the above-described technical features can be combined with each other to form various embodiments not listed above, all of which are considered to be within the scope of this utility model specification. Moreover, those skilled in the art can make improvements or modifications based on the above description, and all such improvements and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A signal switching circuit, characterized in that, include: The first switch module has multiple output terminals and can switch to different states to output different combination signals. The second switch module is configured to control the power path of the first set of test boards, the feedback path of the power board, the power path of the second set of test boards, and the signal path according to the output signal of the first switch module. A signal processing module is connected between the first switch module and the second switch module, and is configured to control the on or off state of the second switch module according to the output signal of the first switch module; A voltage regulation module, connected to the second switch module, is configured to output a first voltage feedback signal based on a first combined signal or a second combined signal output by the first switch module, so as to regulate the power supply voltage output by the power board to the first set of test boards and the second set of test boards. The control module, connected to the first switch module, the signal processing module, and the second switch module, is configured to control the on or off state of at least one relay group of the second switch module according to the third combined signal output by the first switch module, and output a second voltage feedback signal to adjust the power supply voltage.

2. The circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Input port, output port, one-way conduction module, pull-down lock module, and unlock module. The input port is connected to the first output terminal of the first switch module, the unlocking module and the unidirectional conduction module respectively. The output port is connected to the pull-up power supply, the pull-down locking module and the unidirectional conduction module respectively. The unlocking module is also connected to the pull-down locking module. The input port is used to receive a first-level signal, a second-level signal, or a floating signal; The unidirectional conduction module, in response to the first level signal received at the input port, conducts and pulls the voltage of the output port down to the first level, so that the output port outputs the first level signal; And in response to the signal received at the input port switching from the second level signal to the floating signal, the pull-up power supply is transmitted to the input port so that the input port maintains the second level signal; The unlocking module responds to the second level signal received by the input port and outputs an unlocking signal to the pull-down lock module; The pull-down locking module responds to the first level signal output by the output port and locks the output port at the first level signal; And it turns off in response to the unlock signal.

3. The circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pull-down locking module includes resistors R3, R4, R5, and R6, as well as switching transistors Q2 and Q3. The first end of resistor R4 is connected to the output port, the pull-up power supply, the unidirectional conduction module, and the drain of the switching transistor Q2. The second end of resistor R4 is connected to the base of the switching transistor Q3. The emitter of the switching transistor Q3 is connected to the first end of resistor R3. The collector of the switching transistor Q3 is connected to the first end of resistor R5, the first end of resistor R6, and the unlocking module. The second end of resistor R3 is connected to the first voltage source, the second end of resistor R6 is connected to the gate of switch Q2, and the source of switch Q2 and the second end of resistor R5 are connected to reference ground.

4. The circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The unlocking module includes a Zener diode ZD1, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a switching transistor Q1, and a capacitor C1. The cathode of the Zener diode ZD1 is connected to the input port, the unidirectional conduction module, and the first terminal of the capacitor C1; the anode of the Zener diode ZD1 is connected to the first terminal of the resistor R1; and the second terminal of the capacitor C1 is connected to the reference ground. The second end of resistor R1 and the first end of resistor R2 are connected to the gate of switch Q1. The drain of switch Q1 is connected to the pull-down lockout module. The source of switch Q1 and the second end of resistor R2 are connected to reference ground.

5. The circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second switching module includes a first relay group, a second relay group, and a third relay group; the signal processing module includes a first processing unit, a second processing unit, and a third processing unit. The first input terminal of the first processing unit is connected to the output port, and the output terminal of the first processing unit is used to control the energizing state of the first relay group. The first relay group is set on the power supply path of the first test board. The input terminal of the second processing unit is connected to the second output terminal of the first switch module. The output terminal of the second processing unit is used to control the energizing state of the second relay group. The second relay group is set on the power supply path and signal path of the second test board. The input terminal of the third processing unit is connected to the third output terminal of the first switching module. The output terminal of the third processing unit is used to control the energizing state of the third relay group. The third relay group is disposed between the power board and the voltage regulation module.

6. The circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first relay group includes relays RLY2 and RLY3, and the first processing unit includes inductor L1, capacitors C2, C3, and C4, diodes D2 and D3, resistors R8, R9, R10, and R11, and switching transistors Q4 and Q5. The first terminal of inductor L1 is connected to the first voltage source. The second terminal of inductor L1 is connected to the first terminals of capacitor C3, capacitor C4, resistor R9, the cathode of diode D3, the first terminal of the coil of relay RLY2, and the first terminal of the coil of relay RLY3. The second terminal of resistor R9 is connected to the first terminal of resistor R11, the anode of diode D2, and the collector of switching transistor Q4. The cathode of diode D2 is connected to the output port. The base of switching transistor Q4 is connected to the first terminals of resistor R10, capacitor C2, and resistor R8. The second terminal of resistor R8 is connected to the output terminal of the control module. The second end of the resistor R11 is connected to the base of the switching transistor Q5. The emitter of the switching transistor Q5 is connected to the anode of the diode D3, the second end of the coil of the relay RLY2, and the second end of the coil of the relay RLY3. The second ends of the capacitor C3, the capacitor C4, the capacitor C2, the resistor R10, the emitter of the switching transistor Q4, and the collector of the switching transistor Q5 are connected to the reference ground.

7. The circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second relay group includes relays RLY1, RLY4, and RLY5; the second processing unit includes capacitor C5, capacitor C6, diode D4, switching transistor Q6, resistor R12, and resistor R13. The first end of resistor R12 is connected to the second output terminal of the first switching module. The second end of resistor R12 is connected to the first end of resistor R13, the first end of capacitor C5, and the base of switching transistor Q6. The collector of switching transistor Q6 is connected to the anode of diode D4, the first end of the coil of relay RLY1, the first end of the coil of relay RLY4, and the first end of the coil of relay RLY5. The cathode of diode D4 is connected to the first end of capacitor C6, the second voltage source, the second end of the coil of relay RLY1, the second end of the coil of relay RLY4, and the second end of the coil of relay RLY5. The second end of capacitor C6, the second end of capacitor C5, the second end of resistor R13, and the emitter of switching transistor Q6 are connected to reference ground.

8. The circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The third relay group includes relay RLY6, and the third processing unit includes capacitor C7, capacitor C8, diode D5, resistor R14, resistor R15, and switching transistor Q7. The first end of resistor R14 is connected to the third output terminal of the first switching module. The second end of resistor R14 is connected to the first end of capacitor C8, the first end of resistor R15, and the base of switching transistor Q7. The collector of switching transistor Q7 is connected to the anode of diode D5 and the first end of the coil of relay RLY6. The cathode of diode D5 is connected to the first end of capacitor C7, the second voltage source, and the second end of the coil of relay RLY6. The second end of capacitor C7, the second end of capacitor C8, the second end of resistor R15, and the emitter of switching transistor Q7 are connected to reference ground.

9. The circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The voltage regulation module includes a resistor R16, a potentiometer RP1, a capacitor C9, and a diode TVS1. The first terminal of the diode TVS1 is connected to the first terminal of the capacitor C9, the first terminal of the resistor R16, the first terminal of the potentiometer RP1, and the second switch module. The second terminal of the resistor R16 is connected to the second voltage source. The second terminal of the diode TVS1, the second terminal of the capacitor C9, and the second terminal of the potentiometer are connected to the reference ground.

10. An energy storage power source, characterized in that, include: The signal switching circuit as described in any one of claims 1-9.

Images