Magnetizing structure based on Halbach array and motor
By employing a Hellbeck array magnetization structure with a "convex" shape composed of main and auxiliary magnets in the motor, the problem of large torque ripple is solved, and the stability and torque density of the motor are improved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- BYD CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-05
AI Technical Summary
When existing motors use the Heilbeck array magnetization method, torque ripple is large, affecting the stability of the motor.
Multiple magnet groups are used, each magnet group includes a main magnet and at least two auxiliary magnets. The main magnet is longer than the auxiliary magnets and has a different magnetization direction, forming a "convex" shaped structure. The magnetization directions of the main magnet and the auxiliary magnets form an acute angle. The magnet groups are arranged in a Herbeck array to facilitate magnetic field convergence and divergence.
It effectively suppresses motor torque pulsation, improves motor stability and torque density, and reduces the amount of permanent magnets used.
Smart Images
Figure CN224204840U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of motor technology, and more specifically, to a magnetization structure and motor based on a Heilbeck array. Background Technology
[0002] Helbeck arrays, by arranging permanent magnets with different magnetization directions according to a certain pattern, can concentrate magnetic field lines on one side of the permanent magnets and weaken them on the other, thus obtaining a relatively ideal unilateral magnetic field. Motors using the Helbeck magnetization method can significantly increase the magnetic flux density on the air gap side and reduce the magnetic flux in the rotor yoke, resulting in a significantly improved magnetization effect compared to traditional radial magnetization methods. However, the torque ripple in these technologies is relatively large, affecting the motor's stability. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of this disclosure is to provide a magnetization structure and motor based on a Hellbeck array that can reduce motor torque ripple, thereby at least partially solving the aforementioned technical problems.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of this disclosure provides a magnetization structure based on a Hellbeck array, comprising: a plurality of magnet groups, each magnet group including a main magnet and at least two auxiliary magnets disposed on both sides of the main magnet, wherein the length of the main magnet is greater than the length of the auxiliary magnets in the magnetization direction of the main magnet, and the magnetization directions of the main magnet and the auxiliary magnets are different.
[0005] Optionally, the angle between the magnetization direction of the auxiliary magnet and the magnetization direction of the main magnet is an acute angle.
[0006] Optionally, the magnet assembly includes a main magnet and two auxiliary magnets located on both sides of the main magnet, with the two auxiliary magnets arranged symmetrically along a first centerline of the main magnet.
[0007] Optionally, adjacent groups of magnets have opposite polarities.
[0008] Optionally, the magnetization structure further includes a plurality of magnetic blocks, which are disposed between adjacent groups of magnets, and the magnetization direction of the magnetic blocks is from the auxiliary magnet in one group of magnets toward the auxiliary magnet in another group of magnets.
[0009] Optionally, in the magnetization direction of the main magnet, the length of the magnetic block is equal to the length of the adjacent secondary magnet.
[0010] Optionally, each main magnet includes multiple sub-main magnets, which are arranged side-by-side and magnetized in the same direction; and / or
[0011] Each of the auxiliary magnets includes multiple sub-auxiliary magnets, which are arranged side by side and have the same magnetization direction.
[0012] Optionally, the plurality of magnet groups are arranged in a ring-shaped Heilbeck array along the first central axis, wherein the main magnet and the auxiliary magnet in the magnet group are both hexahedral magnets.
[0013] Optionally, the plurality of magnet groups are arranged in a Heilbeck array in a straight line along the axial direction of the second central axis, wherein the main magnet and the auxiliary magnet in the magnet group are both toroidal magnets.
[0014] A second aspect of this disclosure provides an electric motor including the aforementioned magnetization structure based on a Heilbeck array.
[0015] The above technical solution uses a magnetization structure comprising multiple magnet groups, each magnet group including a main magnet and at least two auxiliary magnets disposed on both sides of the main magnet. In the magnetization direction of the main magnet, the length of the main magnet is greater than the length of the auxiliary magnets, and the magnetization directions of the main magnet and the auxiliary magnets are different. This facilitates the convergence and divergence of the magnetic field and suppresses the pulsation of the motor torque, thereby improving the stability of the motor.
[0016] Other features and advantages of this disclosure will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description
[0017] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present disclosure and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the present disclosure, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:
[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a magnetization structure based on a Hellbeck array provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure applied to an axial flux motor;
[0019] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the middle magnet assembly;
[0020] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the first embodiment of a pair of pole magnets;
[0021] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the second embodiment of a pair of pole magnets;
[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetization structure based on the Hellbeck array provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure applied to a linear flux motor;
[0023] Figure 6yes Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the middle magnet assembly;
[0024] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the first embodiment of a pair of pole magnets;
[0025] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the second embodiment of a pair of pole magnets.
[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures
[0027] 1-Magnet group; 11-Main magnet; 12-Auxiliary magnet; 2-Magnetic block; 3-First rotor back iron; 4-Second rotor back iron; 5-Iron core; 6-Motor back iron. Detailed Implementation
[0028] The specific embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit this disclosure.
[0029] In this disclosure, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "inner" and "outer" refer to the outline of the part itself. Furthermore, it should be noted that terms such as "first" and "second" are used to distinguish one element from another and do not indicate sequence or importance. Additionally, in the description with reference to the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals in different drawings denote the same element.
[0030] In related technologies, to improve the magnetization effect, the permanent magnets in the motor are arranged in a Halebeck array. The Halebeck array arranges permanent magnets with different magnetization directions according to a certain pattern, concentrating magnetic field lines on one side of the permanent magnets while weakening them on the other, thus obtaining a relatively ideal unilateral magnetic field. Motors using the Halebeck magnetization method can significantly increase the magnetic flux density on the air gap side, resulting in a significantly improved magnetization effect compared to traditional radial magnetization methods. However, in these technologies, the motor exhibits significant torque ripple, affecting its stability.
[0031] To solve the above technical problems, such as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the first aspect of this disclosure provides a magnetization structure based on a Hellbeck array, comprising: a plurality of magnet groups 1, each magnet group 1 including a main magnet 11 and at least two auxiliary magnets 12 disposed on both sides of the main magnet 11, wherein the length of the main magnet 11 is greater than the length of the auxiliary magnets 12 in the magnetization direction of the main magnet, and the magnetization directions of the main magnet 11 and the auxiliary magnets 12 are different.
[0032] The above technical solution utilizes a magnetization structure comprising multiple magnet groups 1. Each magnet group 1 includes a main magnet 11 and at least two auxiliary magnets 12 disposed on both sides of the main magnet 11. In the magnetization direction of the main magnet, the length of the main magnet 11 is greater than the length of the auxiliary magnets 12, resulting in an overall "convex" shaped structure for the magnet group 1. Furthermore, the magnetization directions of the main magnet 11 and the auxiliary magnets 12 are different. This facilitates the convergence and divergence of the magnetic field, suppresses motor torque pulsation, and improves motor stability. In addition, the "convex" shaped structure reduces the amount of permanent magnets used in the motor, effectively increasing the motor torque density.
[0033] It is understandable that the aforementioned magnetization structure based on the Hellbeck array can be used in axial flux motors, such as... Figures 1 to 4 As shown, multiple magnet groups 1 are arranged in a ring-shaped Heilbeck array along the circumference of the first central axis M. Each magnet group 1 includes a main magnet 11 and two auxiliary magnets 12 disposed on both sides of the main magnet 11. The main magnet 11 and the two auxiliary magnets 12 are all hexahedral magnets. The magnets can be neodymium iron boron magnets. The number of magnet groups 1 can be sixteen, and they are arranged circumferentially along the first central axis M. The polarities of adjacent magnet groups 1 are different. For example, one magnet group 1 can be an N pole, and the other adjacent magnet group 1 can be an S pole, so that the two adjacent magnet groups 1 can be used together to form a closed loop of a pair of magnetic fields.
[0034] It should be noted that this embodiment mainly uses an axial flux motor with a magnetized structure based on a Hellbeck array as an example. Figures 1 to 4 As shown.
[0035] In some feasible ways, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the magnetization direction of the main magnet 11 in each magnet group 1 includes either a radial direction towards the first central axis M or a radial direction away from the first central axis M. The angle between the magnetization direction of the auxiliary magnet 12 and the magnetization direction of the main magnet 11 is an acute angle. In multiple magnet groups 1, one of two adjacent magnet groups 1 is used for aggregation, and the other for divergence, thus forming two adjacent magnet groups 1 with different polarities. For example, in the aggregated magnet group 1, the magnetization direction of the main magnet 11 in the magnet group 1 can be radial towards the first central axis M. The magnetization direction can be referenced... Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4In the direction of the arrow, the two auxiliary magnets 12 used in conjunction with the main magnet 11 are also radially oriented towards the first central axis M. The magnetization direction of the two auxiliary magnets 12 is aligned with the magnetization direction of the main magnet 11, and the angle between the magnetization direction of the two auxiliary magnets 12 and the magnetization direction of the main magnet 11 is an acute angle. Of course, in the divergent magnet group 1, the magnetization direction of the main magnet 11 in the magnet group 1 can be radially oriented away from the first central axis M, and the magnetization direction of the two auxiliary magnets 12 can be oriented away from the magnetization direction of the main magnet 11, with the angle between the magnetization direction of the two auxiliary magnets 12 and the magnetization direction of the main magnet 11 being an acute angle.
[0036] In some feasible ways, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the axial flux motor may include a rotating shaft (not shown in the figure), a first rotor back iron 3, and a second rotor back iron 4. The center of the first rotor back iron 3 and the second rotor back iron 4 passes through the rotating shaft. Both the first rotor back iron 3 and the second rotor back iron 4 are provided with mounting surfaces for magnet groups 1. The mounting surfaces of the opposing magnet groups 1 are arranged opposite each other. Multiple iron cores 5 are arranged circumferentially on the mounting surfaces. A magnet group 1 is arranged between two adjacent iron cores 5. The adjacent magnet groups 1 on the mounting surface of the first rotor back iron 3 and the adjacent magnet groups 1 on the mounting surface of the second rotor back iron 4 have different polarities. The magnet groups 1 on the first rotor back iron 3 and the magnet groups 1 on the second rotor back iron 4 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The opposing magnet groups 1 on the first rotor back iron 3 and the magnet groups 1 on the second rotor back iron 4 have different polarities, thereby forming a shorter closed loop of the opposing magnetic field, improving the flux efficiency. In addition, it can also make the motor structure more compact and the torque density higher.
[0037] In some feasible embodiments, the magnet assembly 1 includes a main magnet 11 and two auxiliary magnets 12 located on both sides of the main magnet 11, with the two auxiliary magnets 12 arranged symmetrically along the first center line L of the main magnet 11. This symmetrical arrangement of the two auxiliary magnets 12 about the first center line L of the main magnet 11 facilitates the structural arrangement of the magnet assembly 1 and ensures a uniform magnetic field distribution.
[0038] Of course, it is understood that the structure of the magnet group 1 described above, which includes one main magnet 11 and two auxiliary magnets 12, is illustrative. In other embodiments, the magnet group 1 may also include one main magnet 11 and multiple auxiliary magnets 12, wherein the number of multiple auxiliary magnets 12 is even. For example, the number of auxiliary magnets 12 may be four, and two of the four auxiliary magnets 12 are arranged as a group and symmetrically on both sides of the main magnet 11.
[0039] Furthermore, in some feasible methods, in order to improve magnetic flux efficiency, such as Figure 4As shown, the magnetization structure also includes multiple magnetic blocks 2, which are disposed between adjacent magnet groups 1. The magnetization direction of the magnetic blocks 2 is from the auxiliary magnet 12 in one magnet group 1 towards the auxiliary magnet 12 in another magnet group 1. In this embodiment, the magnetic blocks 2 can be used as magnetic field channels to improve magnetic flux efficiency. Of course, the arrangement of the magnetic blocks 2 can also reduce the amount of iron core 5 in which the magnet group 1 is located.
[0040] In some feasible embodiments, the length of the magnetic block 2 is equal to the length of the adjacent secondary magnet 12 in the magnetization direction of the main magnet 11, thereby enabling the magnetic block 2 to cover more of the magnetic field channels between two adjacent secondary magnets 12 and reducing magnetic leakage.
[0041] To reduce eddy current losses in the magnet assembly, in some feasible embodiments, each main magnet 11 includes multiple sub-main magnets arranged side-by-side with the same magnetization direction; and / or each auxiliary magnet 12 includes multiple sub-auxiliary magnets arranged side-by-side with the same magnetization direction. For example, the main magnet 11 in the magnet assembly 1 can be divided into two symmetrical sub-main magnets with the same magnetization direction. Similarly, in the two auxiliary magnets 12 located on either side of the main magnet 11, each auxiliary magnet 12 can also be divided into two symmetrically arranged sub-auxiliary magnets with the same magnetization direction.
[0042] Of course, it should be noted that the magnetization structure based on the Heilbeck array described above can also be applied to linear flux motors, such as... Figures 5 to 8 As shown, multiple magnet groups 1 are arranged in a straight line along the second central axis N in a Heilbeck array. The main magnet 11 and auxiliary magnet 12 in magnet group 1 are both toroidal magnets. The magnetization direction of the main magnet 11 is radial, and the radial length of the main magnet 11 is greater than the radial length of the auxiliary magnet 12. Here, the radial length of the main magnet 11 can refer to the outer diameter of the toroidal magnet 11, and the radial length of the auxiliary magnet 12 can refer to the outer diameter of the toroidal magnet 12. Each magnet group 1 may include one main magnet 11 and two auxiliary magnets 12 disposed on either side of the main magnet 11. The magnet groups 1 are arranged sequentially along the second central axis N, and multiple magnet groups 1 are concentrically arranged, with their centers located on the second central axis N. The following explanation will use a linear flux motor as an example.
[0043] In some feasible embodiments, in a linear flux motor, the magnetization direction of the main magnet 11 in each magnet group 1 includes either radially inward or radially outward, and the angle between the magnetization direction of the auxiliary magnet 12 and the magnetization direction of the main magnet 11 is an acute angle. Here, radially inward refers to the direction pointing radially towards the second central axis N, and radially outward refers to the direction radially away from the second central axis N. The magnetization direction can be referenced... Figure 7 and Figure 8 The arrows in the diagram indicate the direction of the magnetization. This restricts the magnetization direction of the main magnet 11 and the auxiliary magnet 12 in the magnet assembly 1, thereby facilitating the aggregation or dispersion of the magnetic field in the magnet assembly 1.
[0044] In some feasible ways, such as Figure 5 As shown, the linear flux motor may include a stator assembly (not shown in the figure) and a mover assembly that cooperate with each other. The mover assembly includes a mover back iron 6 in the shape of a cylinder. The inner side wall of the mover back iron 6 is provided with multiple mounting positions along the axial direction. Each mounting position corresponds to the installation of a magnet group 1. The polarities of adjacent magnet groups 1 are different, which makes the structure of the motor more compact and the torque density higher.
[0045] In some feasible ways, to improve magnetic flux efficiency, such as Figure 8 As shown, a magnetic block 2 can also be set in the magnetization structure of the linear flux motor. In this case, the magnetic block 2 is also ring-shaped and the size is the same as that of the ring magnet of the auxiliary magnet 12. The magnetic block 2 is set between two adjacent magnet groups 1. In this case, the magnetic block 2 can be used as a magnetic field channel to improve the magnetic flux efficiency.
[0046] Of course, it is understandable that, in order to reduce the eddy current losses of the magnet assembly 1, in some feasible ways, the main magnet 11 in the magnet assembly 1 of the linear flux motor can be divided into two symmetrical sub-main magnets, that is, it can be divided into two sequentially connected annular sub-main magnets. At this time, the magnetization direction of the two sub-main magnets is the same. In the two auxiliary magnets 12 located on both sides of the main magnet 11, each auxiliary magnet 12 can also be divided into two symmetrically arranged sub-auxiliary magnets, that is, it can be divided into two sequentially connected annular sub-auxiliary magnets, and the magnetization direction of the two sub-auxiliary magnets is the same.
[0047] A second aspect of this disclosure provides an electric motor including the aforementioned Heilbeck array-based magnetization structure. This motor incorporates all the beneficial effects of the aforementioned magnetization structure, which will not be elaborated further here.
[0048] The preferred embodiments of this disclosure have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of this disclosure, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of this disclosure, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of this disclosure.
[0049] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, this disclosure will not describe the various possible combinations separately.
[0050] Furthermore, various different embodiments of this disclosure can be combined in any way, as long as they do not violate the spirit of this disclosure, they should also be regarded as the content disclosed in this disclosure.
Claims
1. A magnetization structure based on a Hellbeck array, characterized in that, include: Multiple magnet groups, each magnet group including a main magnet and at least two auxiliary magnets disposed on both sides of the main magnet, wherein the length of the main magnet is greater than the length of the auxiliary magnets in the magnetization direction of the main magnet, and the magnetization directions of the main magnet and the auxiliary magnets are different.
2. The magnetization structure based on a Halebeck array according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle between the magnetization direction of the auxiliary magnet and the magnetization direction of the main magnet is an acute angle.
3. The magnetization structure based on a Halebeck array according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnet assembly includes a main magnet and two auxiliary magnets located on both sides of the main magnet, with the two auxiliary magnets arranged symmetrically along the first center line of the main magnet.
4. The magnetization structure based on a Halebeck array according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjacent groups of magnets have opposite polarities.
5. The magnetization structure based on a Halebeck array according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetization structure also includes multiple magnetic blocks, which are arranged between adjacent groups of magnets. The magnetization direction of the magnetic blocks is from the auxiliary magnet in one group of magnets toward the auxiliary magnet in another group of magnets.
6. The magnetization structure based on a Hellbeck array according to claim 5, characterized in that, In the magnetization direction of the main magnet, the length of the magnetic block is equal to the length of the adjacent secondary magnet.
7. The magnetization structure based on a Halebeck array according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the main magnets includes multiple sub-main magnets, which are arranged side by side and have the same magnetization direction. and / or Each of the auxiliary magnets includes multiple sub-auxiliary magnets, which are arranged side by side and have the same magnetization direction.
8. The magnetization structure based on a Halebeck array according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple magnet groups are arranged in a ring-shaped Heilbeck array along the first central axis, and the main magnet and the auxiliary magnet in the magnet group are both hexahedral magnets.
9. The magnetization structure based on a Halebeck array according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple magnet groups are arranged in a straight line along the second central axis in a Heilbeck array, and the main magnet and the auxiliary magnet in the magnet group are both toroidal magnets.
10. An electric motor, characterized in that, The magnetized structure based on a Hellbeck array as described in any one of claims 1-9.