Multifunctional unmanned aerial vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multifunctional unmanned aerial vehicle. The multifunctional unmanned aerial vehicle comprises a fuselage, an undercarriage, side wings and a buoyancy plate, the two side wings are arranged on the two sides of the fuselage respectively and are arranged in the same plane front and back, the side wings are connected with the fuselage in a hinged mode, and the side wings are driven by a driving device to be folded and unfolded; propellers are arranged on the side wings and are driven by a high-speed motor; fire extinguishing bomb hanging plates are arranged at the lower parts of the side wings and are used for hanging fire extinguishing bombs; plant protection liquid spraying devices are further arranged on the two sides of the machine body and used for spraying plant protection liquid; a fire extinguishing nozzle is arranged at the lower part of a machine head of the machine body and is used for spraying dry powder to extinguish fire; an undercarriage is fixedly arranged below the fuselage, and a buoyancy plate is detachably arranged on the undercarriage and used for achieving amphibious take-off and landing of the unmanned aerial vehicle. The problems that a traditional unmanned aerial vehicle is single in function, inconvenient to store and transport and limited in take-off and landing environment are solved. And continuous fire extinguishing and remote accurate control fire extinguishing are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology, specifically relating to a multi-functional UAV. Background Technology

[0002] The statements in this section are merely background information related to this utility model and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] The application of drones in agriculture, firefighting, and other fields is becoming increasingly widespread. In agriculture, drone-based plant protection is gradually becoming the mainstream method due to its high efficiency and precision. However, existing plant protection drones have relatively limited functions, only capable of spraying, and cannot meet diverse agricultural needs. When dealing with fire scenarios in farmland with complex terrain that is difficult for humans to reach quickly, there are problems such as delayed response and low firefighting efficiency. Drones, due to their high mobility, can be used for fire reconnaissance and initial firefighting. However, existing firefighting drones are usually separate from plant protection drones, resulting in high costs from repeated equipment purchases. Furthermore, most firefighting drones lack amphibious takeoff and landing capabilities, limiting their effectiveness in fire rescue near or on water.

[0004] Furthermore, existing drones generally suffer from inconvenient storage and transportation. Their fixed wingspan design results in a large footprint, requiring significant space for storage and transport, thus increasing warehousing and transportation costs. Additionally, traditional drone takeoff and landing methods are mostly limited to land, making it difficult to operate in aquatic environments, which greatly restricts their application scenarios. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model provides a multi-functional drone that solves the issues of traditional drones having limited functionality, inconvenient storage and transportation, and restricted take-off and landing environments, thus meeting the needs of diverse operational scenarios; it achieves continuous firefighting and remote, precise firefighting control; and it can reliably deploy and retract its wings.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model is implemented through the following technical solution:

[0007] This utility model provides a multi-functional unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), comprising: a fuselage, landing gear, side wings, and a buoyancy plate; two side wings are respectively provided on both sides of the fuselage and arranged front and rear on the same plane, the side wings are connected to the fuselage by hinges, and the side wings are driven by a drive device to retract and deploy; a propeller is provided on the side wing and driven by a high-speed motor; a fire extinguishing bomb mounting plate is provided on the lower part of the side wing for suspending fire extinguishing bombs; plant protection liquid spraying devices are also provided on both sides of the fuselage for spraying plant protection liquid; a fire extinguishing nozzle is provided on the lower part of the nose of the fuselage for spraying dry powder to extinguish fires; a landing gear is fixedly provided on the lower part of the fuselage, and a buoyancy plate is detachably provided on the landing gear for amphibious take-off and landing of the UAV.

[0008] As a further implementation, the fuselage includes an upper shell and a lower shell; the side wings are disposed on the lower shell, and the lower shell and the upper shell are connected by a hinge; a tail fin is disposed above the upper shell and at the tail position, and a cover plate is disposed on the tail fin.

[0009] As a further implementation, a dry powder storage box is provided inside the lower shell. The dry powder storage box is detachably connected to the lower shell to facilitate the replacement of a new dry powder storage box. A solenoid valve is provided on the dry powder storage box. The solenoid valve is connected to the fire extinguishing nozzle and is used to extinguish the fire at the ignition point. The solenoid valve is connected to the control device inside the body and can be opened and closed by a remote control.

[0010] As a further implementation, the lower shell is equipped with a plant protection solution storage tank and a high-pressure water pump. The inlet end of the plant protection solution storage tank is equipped with a filling pipe for adding the plant protection solution or pesticide solution to be sprayed. The filling pipe is arranged in the rear tail fin, and the top end of the filling pipe is located below the cover plate to prevent dust from entering the plant protection solution storage tank during drone flight. The outlet end of the plant protection solution is equipped with the high-pressure water pump. The high-pressure water pump and the plant protection solution spraying device are used to spray the plant protection solution onto the plants in a mist.

[0011] As a further implementation, the high-pressure water pump is connected to a control device inside the machine body, and the flow rate and velocity of the high-pressure water pump are controlled by a remote control.

[0012] As a further implementation, a power supply is provided in the upper shell, which is connected to the high-pressure water pump, the solenoid valve, and the high-speed motor respectively, for providing power to the high-pressure water pump, the solenoid valve, and the high-speed motor; the control device is also provided in the upper shell and connected to the power supply, and the control device is also connected to the high-speed motor, and the speed of the high-speed motor is controlled by a remote control.

[0013] As a further implementation, the driving device includes a driving rod, a stepper motor, and a driven rod; both the driving rod and the driven rod are mounted on a mounting bracket in the upper half of the lower shell via bearings, and are arranged vertically; one end of the driving rod is connected to the output shaft of the stepper motor, and the other end is detachably equipped with a rotating handle; a first bevel gear is also provided at the end of the driving rod, a second bevel gear is provided at one end of the driven rod, and a third bevel gear is provided at the other end; a hinge shaft is fixedly provided at the end of the side wing near the fuselage, and the hinge shaft cooperates with a hinge seat on the fuselage; a fourth bevel gear is fixedly provided on the hinge shaft, the first bevel gear cooperates with the second bevel gear, and the third bevel gear cooperates with the fourth bevel gear, thereby driving the side wing to perform deployment and retraction actions through the stepper motor, and the rotating handle is used to perform side wing deployment and retraction actions when the power supply is insufficient.

[0014] As a further implementation, there are two first bevel gears, which are respectively disposed at both ends of the drive shaft, and there are four driven rods, with one driven rod arranged at each end of each first bevel gear, thereby realizing the unfolding and retracting action of the four side wings.

[0015] As a further implementation, the landing gear is provided with the buoyancy plate mounting base; the buoyancy plate is provided with a lug plate, the lug plate is provided with a through hole, and the through hole is connected to the mounting base by a fastener, the fastener being a bolt or a perforated pin.

[0016] As a further implementation, the underside of the buoyancy plate is also equipped with rollers for propelling the drone to relocate on land.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of this utility model are:

[0018] The side wings of this invention are connected to the fuselage via a hinged structure and are equipped with a dedicated drive device. Under the action of the drive device, the side wings can flexibly retract and extend, effectively reducing the space occupied by the drone during storage and transportation. Through the coordinated design of the fuselage, landing gear, side wings, and buoyancy plate, the drone possesses multiple functions such as flight, agricultural plant protection, fire fighting, and amphibious take-off and landing, achieving multi-purpose functionality and improving equipment utilization. The retractable and extendable design of the side wings facilitates storage and transportation. The plant protection spraying devices on both sides of the fuselage enable efficient agricultural plant protection operations. The fire extinguishing nozzle located under the nose can spray dry powder to deal with sudden fire situations. The detachable buoyancy plate installed under the landing gear gives the drone amphibious take-off and landing capabilities. The buoyancy plate breaks the limitations of the drone's take-off and landing environment, enabling it to operate in various complex environments such as water and land.

[0019] This invention features a dry powder storage tank inside the lower casing, which is detachably connected to the lower casing using methods such as clips or bolts. This design allows for quick and easy replacement of the storage tank after the dry powder is used up, ensuring continuous fire extinguishing functionality. A solenoid valve is installed on the dry powder storage tank, connected via a pipe to the fire extinguishing nozzle at the bottom of the unit. In the event of a fire, the solenoid valve opens, and the dry powder in the storage tank, under pressure, is ejected through the pipe from the fire extinguishing nozzle, covering the fire and extinguishing it. The solenoid valve is connected to an internal control device, allowing operators to remotely control its operation for precise fire extinguishing.

[0020] The drive rod and driven rod of this invention are both mounted on a mounting bracket in the upper half of the lower shell via high-precision bearings. They are vertically aligned to ensure stable and accurate power transmission. One end of the drive rod is tightly connected to the output shaft of the stepper motor, and the other end is equipped with a first bevel gear. One end of the driven rod is equipped with a second bevel gear, and the other end with a third bevel gear. A hinge shaft is fixedly mounted on the end of the side wing closest to the fuselage. The hinge shaft engages with a hinge seat on the fuselage, ensuring the side wing can rotate flexibly around the shaft. A fourth bevel gear is fixedly mounted on the hinge shaft. Through the meshing of the first bevel gear with the second bevel gear, and the third bevel gear with the fourth bevel gear, the rotational power of the stepper motor is transmitted to the side wing, enabling the side wing to unfold and fold. A rotating handle is also provided on the end of the drive rod furthest from the stepper motor. When the drone's power is depleted, the side wing can be manually folded to avoid affecting the drone's transport. This design also solves the problem of the traditional folding wing method in drones being applicable only to small drones, ensuring automatic folding and stability for large drones. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, are used to provide a further understanding of this utility model. The illustrative embodiments of this utility model and their descriptions are used to explain this utility model and do not constitute an improper limitation of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a side view of the multifunctional unmanned aerial vehicle of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a top view of the multifunctional unmanned aerial vehicle of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the internal structure of the multifunctional unmanned aerial vehicle of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the drive device of this utility model.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Upper shell; 2. Lower shell; 3. Side wing; 4. Plant protection liquid spraying device; 5. High-speed motor; 6. Propeller; 7. Landing gear; 8. Buoyancy plate; 9. Ear plate; 10. Roller; 11. Fire extinguishing nozzle; 12. Rear tail wing; 13. Cover plate; 14. Fire extinguishing bomb mounting plate; 15. Dry powder storage tank; 16. Solenoid valve; 17. Plant protection liquid storage tank; 18. Filling pipe; 19. Stepper motor; 20. Drive rod; 21. First bevel gear; 22. Second bevel gear; 23. Third bevel gear; 24. Fourth bevel gear; 25. Driven rod; 26. Hinge shaft; 27. Rotating handle. Detailed Implementation

[0027] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0028] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless otherwise expressly indicated by the present invention, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] This embodiment provides a multi-functional drone, such as Figures 1-4As shown, the drone includes: a fuselage, landing gear 7, side wings 3, and a buoyancy plate 8. Two side wings 3 are respectively provided on each side of the fuselage, arranged front and rear on the same plane to ensure the stability of the drone during flight. The side wings 3 are connected to the fuselage by hinges and are driven by a drive device to retract and deploy. This allows for flexible retraction and deployment, effectively reducing the space occupied by the drone during storage and transportation. A propeller 6 is provided on each side wing 3, driven by a high-speed motor 5, providing stronger load-bearing capacity for the drone's flight. A fire extinguishing grenade rack is provided at the lower part of each side wing 3. The fire extinguishing bomb mounting plate 14 is an existing structure used to suspend fire extinguishing bombs for firefighting operations in environments where dry powder fire extinguishers cannot cover. It can also optionally have fire extinguishing bomb launch ports on the side of the upper shell 1, enabling the drone to extinguish fires from multiple directions simultaneously. Plant protection liquid spraying devices 4 are also installed on both sides of the fuselage, enabling efficient agricultural plant protection operations. A fire extinguishing nozzle 11 is installed at the lower part of the fuselage nose, capable of spraying dry powder to deal with sudden fires. A landing gear 7 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the fuselage, and a detachable buoyancy plate 8 is installed on the landing gear 7 for amphibious take-off and landing of the drone. Through the collaborative design of multiple components, the drone possesses multiple functions such as flight, agricultural plant protection, firefighting, and amphibious take-off and landing, achieving multi-purpose functionality and improving equipment utilization. The foldable and deployable design of the side wings 3 facilitates storage and transportation. The buoyancy plate 8 breaks the limitations of the drone's take-off and landing environment, enabling flight operations in various environments such as water and land.

[0031] As a further implementation, the fuselage includes an upper shell 1 and a lower shell 2; the side wing 3 is disposed on the lower shell 2, and the lower shell 2 is connected to the upper shell 1 by a hinge, so that the upper shell 1 can open and close at a certain angle relative to the lower shell 2, which facilitates the operation of the equipment inside the fuselage by the staff; a rear tail wing 12 is disposed above the upper shell 1 and at the tail position, which can play a role in stabilizing the attitude of the UAV during flight, and a cover plate 13 is disposed on the rear tail wing 12, which can protect the internal components and prevent dust and rainwater from entering.

[0032] As a further implementation, a dry powder storage tank 15 is provided inside the lower shell 2. The dry powder storage tank 15 is detachably connected to the lower shell 2 and can be fixed by means of clips, bolts, etc., facilitating the replacement of the dry powder storage tank 15 and ensuring the continuity of the fire extinguishing function. A solenoid valve 16 is installed on the dry powder storage tank 15, which is connected to the fire extinguishing nozzle 11 for extinguishing the fire at the ignition point. The solenoid valve 16 is connected to the control device inside the machine body, and can be opened and closed by a remote control. Specifically, in the event of a fire, the solenoid valve 16 opens, and the dry powder in the dry powder storage tank 15, under pressure, is sprayed out through the pipe from the fire extinguishing nozzle 11 to cover the fire at the ignition point, thus extinguishing the fire. The solenoid valve 16 is connected to the control device inside the machine body, and the operator can remotely open and close the solenoid valve 16 via a remote control to achieve precise fire extinguishing operation.

[0033] As a further implementation, the lower shell 2 is equipped with a plant protection solution storage tank and a high-pressure water pump. The inlet end of the plant protection solution storage tank 17 is equipped with a filling pipe 18 for filling with the plant protection solution or pesticide solution to be sprayed. The filling pipe 18 is arranged in the rear tail fin 12, and the top end of the filling pipe 18 is located below the cover plate 13 to prevent dust from entering the plant protection solution storage tank 17 during the flight of the drone, ensuring the convenience of filling with plant protection solution, and effectively preventing dust, debris and other objects from entering the plant protection solution storage tank during the flight of the drone, ensuring the cleanliness of the plant protection solution. The outlet end of the plant protection solution is equipped with the high-pressure water pump. During operation, the high-pressure water pump pressurizes the plant protection solution and sprays it out in the form of mist from the spraying device, evenly covering the plant surface and improving the plant protection effect.

[0034] As a further implementation, the high-pressure water pump is connected to a control device inside the machine body, and the flow rate and velocity of the high-pressure water pump are controlled by a remote control. Operators can precisely adjust the flow rate and velocity of the high-pressure water pump using the remote control, flexibly adjusting the spraying volume and speed of the plant protection solution according to different operational needs, such as plant species, planting density, and severity of pests and diseases, thus achieving precision operations.

[0035] As a further implementation, a power supply is provided in the upper shell 1, which is connected to the high-pressure water pump, the solenoid valve 16, and the high-speed motor 5 respectively, to provide power to the high-pressure water pump, the solenoid valve 16, and the high-speed motor 5; the control device is also provided in the upper shell 1 and connected to the power supply. The control device is also connected to the high-speed motor 5 and controls the rotation speed of the high-speed motor 5 through a remote controller, thereby adjusting the rotation speed of the propeller 6 to achieve control of the UAV's flight speed, altitude, attitude, etc.

[0036] As a further implementation, the driving device includes a drive rod 20, a stepper motor 19, and a driven rod 25; both the drive rod 20 and the driven rod 25 are mounted on a mounting bracket in the upper half of the lower housing 2 via bearings, and the drive rod 20 and the driven rod 25 are arranged vertically; one end of the drive rod 20 is connected to the output shaft of the stepper motor 19, and a first bevel gear 21 is also provided at the end of the drive rod 20; one end of the driven rod 25 is provided with a second bevel gear 22, and the other end is provided with a third bevel gear 23; a hinge shaft 2 is fixedly provided at the end of the side wing 3 near the fuselage. 6. The hinge shaft 26 engages with the hinge seat on the fuselage; a fourth bevel gear 24 is fixedly mounted on the hinge shaft 26, the first bevel gear 21 engages with the second bevel gear 22 and has a self-locking function, the third bevel gear 23 engages with the fourth bevel gear 24 and also has a self-locking function, thereby driving the side wings 3 to unfold and retract through the stepper motor 19; a rotating handle 27 is also provided at the end of the drive rod 20 away from the stepper motor 19, so that when the drone's power is exhausted, the side wings 3 can be manually retracted to avoid affecting the transportation of the drone.

[0037] As a further implementation, there are two first bevel gears 21, which are respectively disposed at both ends of the drive shaft. There are four driven rods 25, with one driven rod 25 arranged at each end of the first bevel gear 21, thereby realizing the unfolding and retraction of the four side wings 3. The four side wings 3 have the same transmission method and are synchronous transmission, that is, the four side wings 3 unfold and retract synchronously.

[0038] As a further implementation, the landing gear 7 is provided with a mounting base for the buoyancy plate 8; the buoyancy plate 8 is provided with a lug plate 9, and the lug plate 9 is provided with a through hole. The through hole is connected to the mounting base by a fastener, which is a bolt or a pin with a hole. This allows the user to quickly install or remove the buoyancy plate 8 according to the actual operating environment requirements. When operating in a water environment, the buoyancy plate 8 can be installed to achieve amphibious take-off and landing; when operating in a land environment, the buoyancy plate 8 can be removed to reduce the weight of the UAV and improve flight efficiency.

[0039] As a further implementation, the buoyancy plate 8 is also provided with rollers 10 on its lower side. On land, operators can move the drone by pushing it and using the rollers 10 to achieve position transfer without the need for other handling tools, which is convenient and quick.

[0040] Although the specific embodiments of the present utility model have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, this is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort based on the technical solution of the present utility model are still within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A multi-functional unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), characterized in that, include: The aircraft comprises a fuselage, landing gear, side wings, and a buoyancy plate. Two side wings are located on each side of the fuselage, arranged front and rear on the same plane. The side wings are hinged to the fuselage and are driven to retract and deploy via a drive mechanism. Each side wing is equipped with a propeller driven by a high-speed motor. A fire extinguishing bomb mounting plate is located at the lower part of each side wing for suspending fire extinguishing bombs. Plant protection liquid spraying devices are also located on both sides of the fuselage for spraying plant protection liquid. A fire extinguishing nozzle is located at the lower part of the fuselage's nose for spraying dry powder to extinguish fires. A landing gear is fixedly mounted on the lower part of the fuselage, and a buoyancy plate is detachably mounted on the landing gear for amphibious takeoff and landing of the UAV.

2. The multi-functional UAV as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fuselage includes an upper shell and a lower shell; the side wings are disposed on the lower shell, and the lower shell and the upper shell are connected by a hinge; a tail fin is disposed above the upper shell and at the tail position, and a cover plate is disposed on the tail fin.

3. A multi-functional UAV as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The lower shell is equipped with a dry powder storage box, which is detachably connected to the lower shell to facilitate the replacement of the dry powder storage box. The dry powder storage box is equipped with a solenoid valve, which is connected to the fire extinguishing nozzle and used to extinguish the fire. The solenoid valve is also connected to the control device inside the body and can be opened and closed by a remote control.

4. A multi-functional UAV as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The lower shell houses a plant protection solution storage tank and a high-pressure water pump. The inlet of the plant protection solution storage tank is equipped with a filling pipe for adding the plant protection solution or pesticide to be sprayed. The filling pipe is located within the rear tail fin, with its top end positioned below the cover plate to prevent dust from entering the plant protection solution storage tank during drone flight. The outlet of the plant protection solution is equipped with the high-pressure water pump. The high-pressure water pump, along with the plant protection solution spraying device, is used to spray the plant protection solution onto the plants in a mist.

5. A multi-functional UAV as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The high-pressure water pump is connected to the control device inside the machine body, and the flow rate and speed of the high-pressure water pump are controlled by a remote control.

6. A multi-functional UAV as described in claim 5, characterized in that, A power supply is provided in the upper shell, which is connected to the high-pressure water pump, the solenoid valve, and the high-speed motor respectively, and is used to provide power to the high-pressure water pump, the solenoid valve, and the high-speed motor. The control device is also located in the upper shell and is connected to the power supply. The control device is also connected to the high-speed motor and controls the speed of the high-speed motor through a remote control.

7. A multi-functional UAV as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The driving device includes a driving rod, a stepper motor, and a driven rod. Both the driving rod and the driven rod are mounted on a mounting bracket in the upper half of the lower housing via bearings, and are vertically aligned. One end of the driving rod is connected to the output shaft of the stepper motor, and the other end is detachably equipped with a rotating handle. A first bevel gear is also provided at the end of the driving rod, and a second bevel gear is provided at one end of the driven rod, while a third bevel gear is provided at the other end. A hinge shaft is fixedly installed at the end of the side wing near the fuselage, and the hinge shaft engages with a hinge seat on the fuselage. A fourth bevel gear is fixedly installed on the hinge shaft. The first bevel gear engages with the second bevel gear, and the third bevel gear engages with the fourth bevel gear. This, in turn, drives the side wing to deploy and retract via the stepper motor. The rotating handle is used to deploy and retract the side wing when the power supply is insufficient.

8. A multi-functional unmanned aerial vehicle as described in claim 7, characterized in that, There are two first bevel gears, which are respectively located at both ends of the drive shaft. There are four driven rods, with one driven rod arranged at each end of each first bevel gear, thereby realizing the unfolding and retracting of the four side wings.

9. A multi-functional unmanned aerial vehicle as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The landing gear is provided with the buoyancy plate mounting base; the buoyancy plate is provided with a lug plate, the lug plate is provided with a through hole, and the through hole is connected to the mounting base by a fastener, the fastener being a bolt or a perforated pin.

10. A multi-functional unmanned aerial vehicle as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The buoyancy plate is also equipped with rollers on its underside, which are used to propel the drone to move its position on land.

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