Traction structure with heat dissipation function and traction machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a traction structure with a heat dissipation function and a traction machine. Comprising a base, a stator and a rotor. The base is provided with an annular groove; a groove opening is exposed in the relative front of the annular groove, and a base ventilation hole is formed in the end face side wall of the relative rear of the annular groove; a central cylinder is arranged in the center of the annular groove; the inner ring of the stator is mounted on the outer ring of the central cylinder; the rotor is rotatably connected to the central cylinder, the outer ring of the rotor is located on the outer ring of the stator, and the rotor covers the slot opening; the rotor is provided with a traction part for mounting a traction wheel; the rotor is provided with a rotor vent hole at the slot opening, and the rotor vent hole is close to the stator; the rotor ventilation hole is provided with an air guide inclined side wall which is inclined to the rotor end face of the rotor; and the rotor ventilation hole, the annular groove and the base ventilation hole are communicated. According to the scheme, the problem that the heat dissipation effect is poor due to the fact that an air path is blocked when the traction machine works is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of traction machines, and in particular to a traction structure and traction machine with built-in heat dissipation function. Background Technology

[0002] In existing permanent magnet synchronous traction machines with external rotor structures, the stator is surrounded by the rotor and the frame, and the permanent magnet is also in a relatively enclosed space. The heat generated by the stator can only be dissipated naturally by conduction from the frame to the outside. The hot air inside cannot be actively exhausted to the outside of the casing, resulting in excessively high motor temperature and decreased performance.

[0003] To address this, existing technology involves casting several radial fan blades on the inner end face of the rotor, with ventilation holes on the end face and corresponding ventilation holes on the base. When the motor rotates, the fan blades drive airflow to dissipate heat from the stator. While this structure can reduce motor temperature rise to some extent, it still has the following drawbacks: ① The fan blades are arranged radially near the center inside the rotor, which is a centrifugal fan design. When the rotor rotates, a negative pressure is formed at the root of the fan blades, and since the ventilation holes are located outwards from the rotor, the airflow is obstructed; ② Some of the inner end face fan blades are cast as a single piece with the rotor, resulting in high costs.

[0004] In addition, existing technologies directly set ventilation holes on the rotor end face, with the ventilation holes facing the stator windings. When the rotor rotates, the disturbed air cools the motor. However, the problem with this solution is that the wall of the heat dissipation hole is parallel to the rotating shaft. When the rotor rotates, the wall of the heat dissipation hole is perpendicular to the rotating surface. The hole wall cannot guide the air to flow in a specified direction. It can only disturb the air to dissipate heat and cannot form a large wind pressure to create a ventilation path, resulting in poor heat dissipation.

[0005] In summary, existing traction machines suffer from poor heat dissipation due to obstructed airflow during operation. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this utility model is to propose a traction structure with built-in heat dissipation function. It has an inclined air guide sidewall on the rotor end face and a base ventilation hole on the side of the annular groove away from the rotor. It can achieve heat dissipation function by rotating the rotor clockwise and counterclockwise without introducing an additional heat dissipation structure.

[0007] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A traction structure with built-in heat dissipation function includes: a frame, a stator, and a rotor;

[0009] The base is provided with an annular groove; the annular groove has an exposed opening at the front, and ventilation holes are provided on the side wall of the rear end face of the annular groove; a central column is provided at the center of the annular groove, and the inner ring of the stator is mounted on the outer ring of the central column; the rotor is rotatably connected to the central column, and the outer ring of the rotor is located on the outer ring of the stator, and the rotor covers the groove opening; the rotor is provided with a traction part for mounting a traction sheave;

[0010] The rotor has a rotor end face near the slot opening, and the rotor end face has a rotor ventilation hole, which is close to the stator. The rotor ventilation hole has an air guide inclined sidewall, which is inclined to the rotor end face to guide air into the rotor in one rotation direction and to exhaust air from the rotor in another rotation direction. The rotor ventilation hole, the annular slot and the base ventilation hole are connected.

[0011] Optimally, the rotor is provided with an inner end face, and the inner end face of the rotor is provided with an inner end face outer ring near the annular groove;

[0012] The outer ring of the inner end face is adjacent to the annular groove, forming a cooling channel;

[0013] The rotor has a rotor ventilation hole in front of the cooling channel, and the annular groove has a base ventilation hole in front of the cooling channel.

[0014] Alternatively, the inner end face of the rotor may be provided with an inner annular groove near the center; the central column extends into the inner annular groove.

[0015] Optimally, the central column extends from the inner annular groove of the inner end face to the outer surface of the base, and the outer surface of the base is provided with reinforcing ribs on the outer periphery of the central column, with rib grooves formed between the reinforcing ribs.

[0016] Ideally, some of the frame ventilation holes, stator and rotor ventilation holes are horizontally aligned.

[0017] Alternatively, the rotor may have an inner end face connected to a rotor yoke, and permanent magnets may be distributed around the inner sidewall of the rotor yoke and close to the stator.

[0018] Optimally, it may also include: a first louver;

[0019] The first louver is installed at the rotor ventilation hole and blocks the rotor ventilation hole; the multiple windows of the first louver are arranged in the same direction as the inclination direction of the air guide inclined sidewall.

[0020] Optimally, it may also include: a rotating shaft;

[0021] The rotating shaft is fixed to the rotor; the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the central column.

[0022] Optimally, it may also include: a second louver;

[0023] The second louver is installed in the ventilation hole of the base.

[0024] Ideally, the shaft and rotor are integrated as a single unit.

[0025] A traction machine is provided with a traction sheave and the aforementioned traction structure with self-heating function; the traction sheave is installed on the traction part.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, one of the above technical solutions has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] This solution provides a traction structure with built-in heat dissipation. It features an inclined air guide sidewall on the rotor end face and a base ventilation hole on the side of the annular groove away from the rotor. It can achieve heat dissipation by rotating the rotor clockwise and counterclockwise without the need for an additional heat dissipation structure. In other words, the traction structure has its own heat dissipation function. When the rotor rotates, it can flow cooling air or hot air inside the motor in a specified direction. The cooling air or hot air inside the motor can form air pressure and air volume, which can effectively reduce the internal temperature of the permanent magnet synchronous traction machine and solve the problem of poor heat dissipation caused by blocked airflow during the operation of the traction machine. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a traction machine;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a traction machine;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the traction machine;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of the rotor ventilation hole;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the rotor;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of the rotor;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the base.

[0035] in:

[0036] 1. Frame; 2. Rotor; 4. Shaft; 3. Stator; 5. First louver; 6. Second louver; 7. Traction sheave;

[0037] 10. Central column; 11. Annular groove; 12. Groove opening; 13. Ventilation hole of base; 14. End face side wall; 15. Inner end face inner annular groove; 16. Reinforcing rib; 141. Cooling channel; 161. Rib groove;

[0038] Rotor ventilation hole 20; air guide inclined side wall 21; rotor inner end face 22; inner end face outer ring 23; permanent magnet 24; traction part 25; rotor end face 26. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0040] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "transverse," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "inner side," "outer side," "inner end," "outer end," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features, used to distinguish descriptive features, without any order or emphasis. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more.

[0041] like Figure 1-7 A traction structure with built-in heat dissipation function includes: a frame 1, a stator 3 and a rotor 2;

[0042] The base 1 is provided with an annular groove 11; the annular groove 11 has a groove opening 12 exposed at the front, and the annular groove 11 has a base ventilation hole 13 on the end face sidewall 14 at the rear; a central column 10 is provided at the center of the annular groove 11, and the inner ring of the stator 3 is mounted on the outer ring of the central column 10; the rotor 2 is rotatably connected to the central column 10, and the outer ring of the rotor 2 is located on the outer ring of the stator 3, and the rotor 2 covers the groove opening 12; the rotor 2 is provided with a traction part 25 for mounting the traction sheave 7;

[0043] The rotor 2 has a rotor end face 26 near the slot opening 12, and the rotor end face 26 has a rotor ventilation hole 20, which is close to the stator 3. The rotor ventilation hole 20 has an air guide inclined sidewall 21, which is inclined to the rotor end face 26 to guide air into the rotor 2 in one rotation direction and to exhaust air from the rotor 2 in another rotation direction. The rotor ventilation hole 20, the annular slot 11 and the base ventilation hole 13 are connected.

[0044] This solution provides a traction structure with built-in heat dissipation function. The air guide inclined sidewall 21 of the rotor 2 is inclined to the rotor end face 26 of the rotor 2, and the base ventilation hole 13 is provided on the sidewall 14 of the annular groove away from the rotor 2. It can achieve heat dissipation function by rotating the rotor 2 clockwise and counterclockwise without introducing an additional heat dissipation structure. That is, the traction structure has its own heat dissipation function. When the rotor rotates, it can flow the cooling air or the hot air inside the motor in a specified direction. The cooling air or the hot air inside the motor can form wind pressure and air volume, which can effectively reduce the internal temperature of the permanent magnet synchronous traction machine and solve the problem of poor heat dissipation effect caused by the obstructed airflow when the traction machine is working.

[0045] Specifically, the base 1 is provided with an annular groove 11, and a central column 10 is provided near the inner ring of the annular groove 11. The central column 10 is rotatably connected to the rotor 2 in the inner ring by a known method. The stator 3 is disposed in the annular groove 11 and is located on the outer ring of the central column 10. The inner ring of the rotor 2 is directly or indirectly connected to the central column 10 located on the inner ring of the annular groove 11, thereby keeping the outer ring of the rotor 2 close to the outer ring of the stator 3. The rotor 2 is provided with a traction part 25, which is used to install a traction wheel 7. When the rotor 2 rotates relative to the stator 3, it drives the traction wheel 7 to rotate around the central column 10. In this way, a portion of the outer ring of the rotor 2 is disposed in the annular groove 11, covering the exposed slot opening 12 of the annular groove 11, thereby separating the area between the annular groove 11 and the rotor 2 from the outside. Based on the relative connection relationship between the rotor 2, the stator 3 and the central column 10, the annular groove 11 is divided into a slot opening 12 at the front and a base ventilation hole 13 at the rear. Figure 4 and Figure 5In this design, the rotor 2 has a rotor end face 26 at the shielding groove opening 12. The rotor end face 26 can be on the outer surface of the rotor or the inner surface of the rotor (e.g., the inner end face outer ring 23). The rotor end face 26 has one or more rotor ventilation holes 20. The rotor ventilation holes 20 have air guide inclined sidewalls 21. The air guide inclined sidewalls 21 are inclined to the rotor end face 26 of the rotor 2. The air guide inclined sidewalls 21 can facilitate air guidance when the rotor 2 rotates in a certain direction. Since the air guide inclined sidewalls 21 are inclined to the rotor end face 26, when the rotor 2 rotates, the air can enter the annular groove 11 along the inclined direction of the air guide inclined sidewalls 21. Conversely, the air guide inclined sidewalls 21 can also guide the air in the annular groove 11 to be discharged from the rotor end face along the air guide inclined sidewalls 21 when the rotor 2 rotates in another direction. The end face sidewall 14 of the annular groove 11 has a base ventilation hole 13, which can continuously draw in external air or discharge the air in the annular groove 11 to the outside. In response, this solution combines the structures of the stator 3 and the rotor 2, as well as their relative positions in the annular groove 11, so that the traction structure of this solution corresponds to a ventilation path in different rotation directions.

[0046] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 When rotor 2 rotates counterclockwise, because the guide wall 21 is inclined to the rotor end face 26, air can more easily enter the rotor ventilation hole 20 when it rotates. Under the guidance of the guide wall 21, the air can enter the annular groove 11 from the rotor ventilation hole 20. The rotor 2 rotates at the groove opening 12, while the annular groove 11 is relatively stationary at the frame ventilation hole 13. Therefore, the air pressure at the groove opening 12 in the annular groove 11 increases. The air pressure on the groove opening 12 side of the annular groove 11 is greater than the air pressure on the frame ventilation hole 13 side. At this time, the air will continue to be transmitted to the gap between the stator 3 and the rotor 2 under the action of pressure. In this way, the air will be discharged from the annular groove 11 at the frame ventilation hole 13, and the heat of the frame 1, stator 3 and rotor 2 will be carried away during the transmission, thereby realizing the cooling function when rotor 2 rotates counterclockwise.

[0047] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 5When rotor 2 rotates clockwise, because the guide wall 21 is inclined to the rotor end face 26, the air in the annular groove 11 is more easily discharged from the annular groove 11 through the rotor ventilation hole 20 under the guidance of the guide wall 21. Rotor 2 rotates at the groove opening 12, while the annular groove 11 is relatively stationary at the base ventilation hole 13. Therefore, the air pressure in the annular groove 11 at the groove opening 12 decreases, and the air pressure in the annular groove 11 at the groove opening 12 is less than the air pressure at the base ventilation hole 13. A negative pressure is generated in the annular groove 11 at the groove opening 12, and the base ventilation hole 13 draws in external air. At this time, the air will continue to be transmitted to the gap between the inner wall of the stator 3 and the rotor 2 under the action of pressure. In this way, the air will be discharged outside the annular groove 11 through the rotor ventilation hole 20, and during the transmission, it will carry away the heat of the base 1, stator 3 and rotor 2, thereby realizing the cooling function when rotor 2 rotates clockwise.

[0048] Thus, this solution can achieve heat dissipation simply by rotating the rotor 2 clockwise and counterclockwise, solving the problem of poor heat dissipation caused by blocked airflow during traction machine operation.

[0049] Optimally, the rotor 2 is provided with an inner end face 22, and the inner end face 22 is provided with an inner end face outer ring 23 near the annular groove 11;

[0050] The inner end face outer ring 23 is close to the annular groove 11 and forms a cooling channel 141;

[0051] The rotor 2 is provided with rotor ventilation holes 20 at the front of the cooling channel 141, and the annular groove 11 is provided with base ventilation holes 13 at the rear of the cooling channel 141.

[0052] This design incorporates the shapes of the annular groove 11 of the base 1 and the inner end face 22 of the rotor 2 to further improve the smoothness and stability of the airflow. Specifically, as shown... Figure 3 An inner end face outer ring 23 is provided on the inner end face 22 of the rotor near the annular groove 11. This position is far from the center of the inner end face 22 of the rotor. When the inner end face outer ring 23 extends into the annular groove 11, the inner end face outer ring 23 and the annular groove 11 can be infinitely close to each other, thereby forming a cooling channel 141. The cooling channel 141 is in a ring shape, with one end close to the rotor ventilation hole 20 and the other end close to the frame ventilation hole 13. Under the limiting effect of the inner wall of the outer periphery of the cooling channel 141, the air mainly flows between the rotor ventilation hole 20, the cooling channel 141 and the frame ventilation hole 13, which can make the airflow smoother and more stable.

[0053] Alternatively, the inner end face 22 of the rotor may be provided with an inner annular groove 15 near the center; the central column 10 extends into the inner annular groove 15.

[0054] The central column 10 of this solution can install the rotating shaft 4 at a position near the center of the inner end face 22 of the rotor. This position is far from the annular groove 11. The rotating shaft 4 can be directly or indirectly installed on the inner ring of the central column 10 through bearings. And in this solution, an inner end face inner ring groove 15 can be provided in the area of the traction part 25 on the inner end face 22 of the rotor. The inner ring of the central column 10 extends into the inner end face inner ring groove 15, which can make the structure of the traction structure more compact. On the one hand, the distance between the rotor 2 and the inner ring of the central column 10 is shortened, so that the connection point between the rotor 2 and the central column 10 approaches the middle of the central column 10, and the rotational stability of the rotor 2 is improved. On the other hand, as Figure 3 , the sectional structure diagram shows that the cooling channels 141 and the inner end face inner ring groove 15 are distributed in a "giant" shape. The air path is mainly distributed in the cooling channels 141 on the outer periphery of the inner end face inner ring groove 15. Therefore, it can be avoided that the air path deviates inward to the inner end face inner ring groove 15, and the air path as a whole occurs in the cooling channels 141, further making the air path smoother and more stable.

[0055] Optimally, the central column 10 extends from the inner end face inner ring groove 15 to the outer surface of the machine base 1. The outer surface of the machine base 1 is provided with reinforcing ribs 16 on the outer periphery of the central column 10, and rib grooves 161 are formed between the reinforcing ribs 16.

[0056] As Figure 2 , the central column 10 is located between the inner end face inner ring groove 15 of the rotor 2 and the reinforcing ribs 16 outside the machine base 1. The central column 10 reasonably utilizes the space of the machine base 1 outside the inner end face 22 of the rotor, which not only makes the traction structure more compact, but also makes the center of gravity of the central column 10 closer to the center. At the same time, the vacated rib grooves 161 can cool the area of the central column 10, that is, the stator 3 can also use the rib grooves 161 for cooling on the inner ring. The stator 3 is cooled by air on the inner ring. The traction structure of this solution has a multi-faceted cooling mechanism.

[0057] Optimally, some of the machine base ventilation holes 13, the stator 3 and the rotor ventilation holes 20 are horizontally aligned.

[0058] When the machine base ventilation holes 13, the stator 3 and the rotor ventilation holes 20 are horizontally aligned, air can flow mainly in a straight line between the machine base ventilation holes 13, the stator 3 and the rotor ventilation holes 20 under the action of pressure. The distance between the machine base ventilation holes 13 and the rotor ventilation holes 20 is the shortest, the air path is smoother and more stable, and the heat between the rotor 2 and the stator 3 can be taken away by air faster.

[0059] Optimally, the rotor 2 has an inner end face 22 of the rotor. The inner end face 22 of the rotor is connected with a rotor yoke. The permanent magnets 24 are distributed around the inner side wall of the rotor yoke, and the permanent magnets 24 are close to the stator 3.

[0060] The permanent magnet 24 is located on the inner wall of the rotor yoke at the outer ring of the inner end face 22 of the rotor. The stator 3 is close to the permanent magnet 24. Air can circulate between the stator 3 and the rotor 2, and the airflow path is smooth.

[0061] Optimally, it also includes: a first louver 5;

[0062] The first louver 5 is installed on the rotor ventilation hole 20 and blocks the rotor ventilation hole 20; the multiple windows of the first louver 5 are arranged in the same direction as the inclination direction of the air guide inclined sidewall 21.

[0063] The first louver 5 can be used to block the rotor ventilation hole 20, thereby blocking the air guide inclined side wall 21 and preventing the air guide inclined side wall 21 from being exposed on the outer surface of the rotor 2. On the one hand, it can prevent foreign objects from entering the rotor 2 through the rotor ventilation hole 20 during the rotation of the rotor 2 and its traction sheave 7, thereby preventing foreign objects from accumulating inside the traction structure after long-term use. On the other hand, as is common knowledge, the first louver 5 has multiple windows. This solution cleverly utilizes the multi-window structure of the louver. The multiple windows of the first louver 5 are set in the same direction as the inclined sidewall 21 of the air guide. The rotor ventilation hole 20 only exposes the multiple windows of the first louver 5. The flow rate of air entering and exiting can be controlled by processing the size and number of windows. Compared with a single rotor ventilation hole 20, using the multiple windows of the first louver 5 to replace the entire rotor ventilation hole 20 can form multiple windows in the rotor ventilation hole 20 that are in the same direction as the inclined sidewall 21 of the air guide. Thus, multiple inclined windows are used to introduce or export air. Air enters and exits more easily during the rotation of the rotor 2, thereby improving the air flow.

[0064] Among them, the multiple windows of the first louver 5 are in the same direction or opposite to the tilt direction of the air guide inclined side wall 21. It does not specifically mean that the orientation of the window is exactly the same as the angle of the air guide inclined side wall 21. It is sufficient that the approximate orientation of the window is roughly the same as the tilt angle of the air guide inclined side wall 21.

[0065] The first louver 5 is detachably installed in the rotor ventilation hole 20.

[0066] The first louver 5 of this solution can be designed with any number, shape and position of windows as needed, so as to control the air flow at the inlet and outlet of the traction structure to better match the rotation of the rotor 2. Therefore, this solution preferably installs the first louver 5 detachably in the rotor ventilation hole 20. The installation method is such as screw fixing, magnetic fixing, snap fixing, etc., as long as the first louver 5 can be detached and installed.

[0067] This solution allows for the addition or omission of a rotating shaft 4 to the rotor 2 as needed, and the installation method can be based on existing technology.

[0068] Optimally, it also includes: a rotating shaft 4;

[0069] The rotating shaft 4 is fixed to the rotor 2; the rotating shaft 4 is rotatably connected to the central column 10.

[0070] In the embodiment where a rotating shaft 4 is added, the rotating shaft 4 is mounted on the rotor 2, which can be the inner ring of the rotor 2. The rotating shaft 4 can be directly or indirectly fixed to the rotor 2; for example, in one embodiment, the rotating shaft 4 is integrally formed into the rotor 2; for example, in one embodiment, the rotating shaft 4 can be connected to the rotor 2 via a bearing. The rotating shaft 4 is rotatably connected to the central column 10, which can be a bearing connected to the inner hole of the central column.

[0071] Ideally, the shaft 4 and the rotor 2 are integrally formed. In this design, the shaft 4 and rotor 2 can be assembled separately or integrally formed; specifically, integral casting is an example. This simplifies the structure of the shaft 4 and rotor 2, eliminating the need for additional shaft machining for mating and saving costs.

[0072] Optimally, it also includes: a second louver 6;

[0073] The second louver 6 is installed in the ventilation hole 13 of the base.

[0074] The function of the second louver 6 in this design is similar to that of the first louver 5, which also serves to prevent foreign objects from entering. However, the difference between the second louver 6 and the first louver 5 is that the second louver 6 completely blocks the ventilation hole 13 of the machine base, and only exposes itself to the outside through its window. Therefore, the air intake and exhaust per unit time are restricted. Since the pressure is mainly concentrated at the groove opening 12 of the annular groove 11, when a negative pressure is generated in the annular groove 11, air is only drawn in through a limited number of windows of the second louver 6. This avoids the air flowing in too quickly at once, which would cause the annular groove 11 to maintain a stable negative pressure. In this way, it also avoids the air flowing in too quickly and affecting the cooling function of the rotor 2 when it rotates clockwise.

[0075] A traction machine is provided with a traction sheave 7 and a traction structure with a built-in heat dissipation function as described above; the traction sheave 7 is installed on the traction part 25.

[0076] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A traction structure with built-in heat dissipation function, characterized in that, include: Frame, stator, and rotor; The base is provided with an annular groove; the annular groove has an exposed opening at the front, and ventilation holes are provided on the side wall of the rear end face of the annular groove; a central column is provided at the center of the annular groove, and the inner ring of the stator is mounted on the outer ring of the central column; the rotor is rotatably connected to the central column, and the outer ring of the rotor is located on the outer ring of the stator, and the rotor covers the groove opening; the rotor is provided with a traction part for mounting a traction sheave; The rotor has a rotor end face near the slot opening, and the rotor end face has a rotor ventilation hole, which is close to the stator. The rotor ventilation hole has an air guide inclined sidewall, which is inclined to the rotor end face to guide air into the rotor in one rotation direction and to exhaust air from the rotor in another rotation direction. The rotor ventilation hole, the annular slot and the base ventilation hole are connected.

2. The traction structure with self-heating function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotor is provided with an inner end face, and an inner end face outer ring is provided near the annular groove on the inner end face; The outer ring of the inner end face is adjacent to the annular groove, forming a cooling channel; The rotor has a rotor ventilation hole in front of the cooling channel, and the annular groove has a base ventilation hole in front of the cooling channel.

3. The traction structure with self-heating function according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner end face of the rotor is provided with an inner annular groove near the center position; the central column extends into the inner annular groove.

4. The traction structure with self-heating function according to claim 3, characterized in that, The central column extends from the inner annular groove on the inner end face to the outer surface of the base. The outer surface of the base is provided with reinforcing ribs on the outer periphery of the central column, and rib grooves are formed between the reinforcing ribs.

5. A traction structure with built-in heat dissipation function according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ventilation holes of the base, stator, and rotor are partially aligned horizontally.

6. The traction structure with self-heating function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotor has an inner end face, and a rotor yoke is connected to the inner end face. Permanent magnets are distributed around the inner sidewall of the rotor yoke, and the permanent magnets are close to the stator.

7. The traction structure with self-heating function according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: First and second louvers; The first louver is installed at the rotor ventilation hole and blocks the rotor ventilation hole; The multiple windows of the first louver are arranged in the same direction as the inclination direction of the air guide inclined sidewall; The second louver is installed in the ventilation hole of the base.

8. A traction structure with self-heating function according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Also includes: Shaft; The rotating shaft is fixed to the rotor; the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the central column.

9. A traction structure with self-heating function according to claim 8, characterized in that, The shaft and rotor are integrated as a single unit.

10. A traction machine, characterized in that, The traction device includes a traction sheave and a traction structure with a built-in heat dissipation function as described in any one of claims 1-9; the traction sheave is installed on the traction unit.

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