Vibration cleaning mechanism and coal slip speed reducer deflation plug protective cover

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of exhaust cleaning, in particular to a vibration cleaning mechanism and a coal slide speed reducer deflation plug protective cover, which comprise a switching component, a first air inlet, a second air outlet and a second air outlet are arranged on the shell, a rotatable switching valve body is arranged in the cavity, and the first air outlet and the second air outlet are communicated with the switching valve body. The switching valve body can rotate under the action of airflow so that the inner channel can alternately communicate with the first air outlet and the second air outlet. And the filter screen is located at the air outlet tail ends of the first air outlet and the second air outlet and is used for generating periodic vibration under the action of alternate exhaust of the two air outlets, so that the filter screen is cleaned. A traditional deflation plug single-hole structure is prone to being blocked by pulverized coal, through the collaborative design of a vibration cleaning mechanism and a filter screen, an elastic pressing head is driven by airflow to periodically impact the filter screen, automatic cleaning is achieved, the filter screen blocking risk is remarkably reduced, and the problems of internal pressure rise, sealing damage and oil leakage caused by blocking are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of exhaust cleaning, and in particular to a vibration cleaning mechanism and a protective cover for the vent plug of a coal chute reducer. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, coal chutes are widely used as key equipment in underground coal transportation systems for continuous coal conveying. The coal chute head reducer, as one of its core components, plays a crucial role in transmitting power and reducing speed. To ensure internal pressure balance during operation, traditional structures typically include a vent hole on the reducer housing, sealed with a vent plug screw. However, because coal chute head reducers are usually installed low, and the coal chute may not stop operating promptly after the preceding coal discharge equipment is shut down, a large amount of coal dust accumulates at the head of the reducer, easily covering and clogging the vent plug screw, thus affecting its normal venting function.

[0003] The main problems with existing technologies include: First, traditional vent plug screws have only one vent hole, which is exposed and easily clogged by coal deposits. This leads to increased internal temperature and pressure in the reducer, damaging the seals and causing oil leaks. This not only reduces the standardized management level of the coal chute head but also wastes grease, and in severe cases, can even damage the reducer, requiring complete replacement. Second, coal dust particles can easily enter the reducer through the vent hole, contaminating the gear oil, affecting oil quality and reducer transmission efficiency, shortening the service life of the gear oil, and compromising the overall reliability of the equipment. Although some improvements have attempted to add a filter screen to the vent plug to block coal dust particles, the filter screen itself is prone to clogging, thus affecting the venting effect and making it difficult to meet the technical requirements for long-term stable operation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by this utility model is that although there are existing improvement solutions that attempt to add a filter screen at the venting plug to block coal dust particles, the filter screen itself is prone to clogging, which in turn affects the venting effect and makes it difficult to achieve the technical requirement of long-term stable operation.

[0005] The above-mentioned technical problems are solved by the following technical solution: This utility model proposes a vibration cleaning mechanism, including a switching component, which includes a shell with a cavity, an air inlet and a first air outlet and a second air outlet on the shell, and a rotatable switching valve body in the cavity. The switching valve body can rotate under the action of airflow so that the internal channel alternately communicates with the first air outlet and the second air outlet.

[0006] The filter screen, located at the outlet ends of the first and second air outlets, is used to generate periodic vibrations under the alternating exhaust from the two outlets, thereby cleaning the filter screen.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the vibration cleaning mechanism of this utility model: the switching valve body is a cylindrical structure, which is divided into an upper valve body and a lower valve body along the axial direction. Each valve body has multiple chambers evenly distributed around its circumference. The chambers of the upper valve body and the lower valve body at the same position are alternately arranged, and adjacent chambers are arranged at intervals. The first air outlet is connected to the chamber of the upper valve body, and the second air outlet is connected to the chamber of the lower valve body.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the vibration cleaning mechanism described in this utility model: the outer peripheral surface of the switching valve body is provided with several vertically extending air guide grooves, which are used to guide the incoming airflow to drive the switching valve body to rotate in the cavity, so that the chambers in the upper valve body and the lower valve body are connected to the first air outlet and the second air outlet in sequence, thereby realizing the alternating exhaust of the two air outlets.

[0009] This utility model also proposes a protective cover for a vent plug of a coal chute reducer, including a vibration cleaning mechanism and a vent plug component, which includes a bolt and a cover mounted on the bolt. The bolt has a channel inside, and a main chamber is formed between the bolt and the cover. Multiple side chambers are arranged around the main chamber, and each pair of adjacent side chambers forms a group. The switching component of the vibration cleaning mechanism is located between two side chambers in the same group. Its air inlet is connected to the main chamber, and its two air outlets are connected to the left and right side chambers of the group, respectively. An exhaust pipe is provided on the lower surface of each side chamber, and an elastic pressure head that can extend outward is provided in the exhaust pipe. A filter screen is detachably connected to the lower end of the bolt. The filter screen is located in the area below the outlet of each exhaust pipe and is used to intercept impurities discharged from the exhaust pipe.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the protective cover for the vent plug of the coal chute reducer described in this utility model: the bolt includes a screw and a head, and the cover is installed on the convex ring on the upper surface of the head by means of a threaded connection;

[0011] The main chamber is located at the center of the convex ring, and the side chambers are arranged around the circumference of the main chamber within the convex ring.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the protective cover for the vent plug of the coal chute reducer described in this utility model: a channel is provided axially inside the screw, the lower end of the channel opens to the bottom surface of the screw, and the upper end is connected to the main chamber.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the protective cover for the vent plug of the coal chute reducer described in this utility model: a washer and a nut are sleeved on the outside of the screw to fix the entire vent plug component at the vent hole of the coal chute head reducer.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the protective cover for the vent plug of the coal chute reducer described in this utility model: the filter screen has a ring structure, and the lower surface of the bolt head is provided with multiple mounting holes. The filter screen is fixedly installed by multiple clamps that are inserted into the mounting holes.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the vent plug protective cover for the coal chute reducer described in this utility model: the clamps are evenly spaced along the annular direction, and at least two clamps are correspondingly provided at both ends of the two side chambers in each group.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the protective cover for the vent plug of the coal chute reducer described in this utility model: the filter screen is made of an elastic material.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: (1) In response to the problem of "the vent plug is easily blocked, leading to sealing failure and oil leakage": the traditional single-hole structure of the vent plug is easily blocked by coal powder. This application uses the coordinated design of the vibration cleaning mechanism and the filter screen to drive the elastic pressure head of the airflow to periodically impact the filter screen, thereby achieving automated cleaning, significantly reducing the risk of filter screen blockage, and avoiding the problems of increased internal pressure, seal damage and oil leakage caused by blockage.

[0018] (2) Regarding the problem of "coal dust particles entering the reducer and contaminating the oil": the annular layout of the main chamber and the side chamber, combined with the alternating exhaust mechanism of the switching valve body, ensures that the airflow is evenly distributed and impurities are efficiently discharged, preventing coal dust particles from entering the reducer through a single path; at the same time, the filter screen interception function further blocks coal dust from entering the oil circuit, effectively protecting the cleanliness and service life of the gear oil.

[0019] (3) Regarding the problem of "low equipment reliability under complex working conditions"

[0020] The overall solution utilizes an airflow-driven mechanical vibration cleaning mechanism to adapt to the harsh environment of high dust and strong vibration in underground coal mines, ensuring long-term unobstructed air vents and improving the operational stability of the reducer. At the same time, the modular structure design takes into account both sealing performance and ease of installation, further enhancing the equipment's adaptability to complex working conditions.

[0021] This application systematically solves the problems of blockage, oil leakage, oil contamination and maintenance difficulties of traditional vent plugs through structural innovation and functional integration. It achieves high efficiency of venting function, automation of cleaning process and reliability of equipment operation, and has significant engineering application value. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of this utility model will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below only relate to some embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Wherein:

[0023] Figure 1 A three-dimensional view of the vibration cleaning mechanism is shown. Figure 1 ;

[0024] Figure 2A three-dimensional view of the vibration cleaning mechanism is shown. Figure 2 ;

[0025] Figure 3 A three-dimensional protective cover for the vent plug of the coal chute reducer is shown. Figure 1 ;

[0026] Figure 4 A three-dimensional protective cover for the vent plug of the coal chute reducer is shown. Figure 2 ;

[0027] Figure 5 A three-dimensional protective cover for the vent plug of the coal chute reducer is shown. Figure 3 ;

[0028] Figure 6 A cross-section of the protective cover for the vent plug of the coal chute reducer is shown. Figure 1 ;

[0029] Figure 7 A bottom view of the protective cover for the vent plug of the coal chute reducer is shown;

[0030] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the AA direction;

[0031] Figure 9 It shows as Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structural method at point A;

[0032] Figure 10 It shows as Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structural method at point B.

[0033] In the picture:

[0034] 100. Switching component; 101. Housing; 102. Cavity; 103. Air inlet; 104. First air outlet; 105. Second air outlet; 106. Switching valve body; 106a. Upper valve body; 106b. Lower valve body; 107. Chamber; 108. Air guide slot; 200. Filter screen; 201. Clamp; 300. Vent plug component; 301. Bolt; 301a. Screw; 301b. Head; 301c. Raised ring; 301d. Mounting hole; 302. Cover; 303. Channel; 304. Main chamber; 305. Side chamber; 306. Exhaust pipe; 307. Elastic pressure head; 308. Gasket; 309. Nut. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand this utility model, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0036] The terminology used in this invention refers to those general terms currently widely used in the art in consideration of the functionality of this invention; however, these terms may vary according to the intent, precedent, or new technology of those skilled in the art. Furthermore, specific terms may be chosen by the applicant, and in such cases, their detailed meanings will be described in the detailed description of this invention. Therefore, the terminology used in this specification should not be construed as simple names, but rather based on the meaning of the terms and the overall description of this invention.

[0037] Reference Figures 1-3 This embodiment provides a vibration cleaning mechanism, including a switching component 100, which includes a housing 101 with a cavity 102. An air inlet 103 and a first air outlet 104 and a second air outlet 105 are provided on the housing 101. A rotatable switching valve body 106 is provided in the cavity 102. The switching valve body 106 can rotate under the action of airflow so that the internal channel 303 alternately communicates with the first air outlet 104 and the second air outlet 105. A filter screen 200 is located at the air outlet end of the first air outlet 104 and the second air outlet 105. It is used to generate periodic vibration under the action of alternating exhaust from the two air outlets, thereby cleaning the filter screen 200.

[0038] In this embodiment, the switching component 100 is composed of a housing 101 with a cavity 102. The housing 101 is provided with an air inlet 103, a first air outlet 104 and a second air outlet 105. The air inlet 103 is used to introduce external airflow, while the first air outlet 104 and the second air outlet 105 serve as airflow output channels 303. A rotatable switching valve body 106 is provided inside the cavity 102, which can rotate autonomously under the push of airflow. The switching valve body 106 is provided with channels 303 that alternately communicate with the first air outlet 104 and the second air outlet 105. The periodic switching of airflow between the two air outlets is realized by the rotation action.

[0039] The filter screen 200 is installed at the outlet end of the first air outlet 104 and the second air outlet 105. When the switching valve body 106 rotates, the airflow alternately exits from the first air outlet 104 and the second air outlet 105, forming a periodic pulse airflow. The pulse airflow directly impacts the surface of the filter screen 200, causing it to generate high-frequency reciprocating vibration. During the vibration, the particulate matter (such as coal dust and ash) attached to the surface of the filter screen 200 is removed from the surface of the filter screen 200 due to inertia, thereby achieving automatic cleaning.

[0040] Its effects are as follows: by switching the rotation control of valve body 106, the airflow is alternately output between the two air outlets, ensuring that the filter screen 200 is subjected to uniform and continuous vibration impact, avoiding local blockage or cleaning blind spots. The overall structure does not require an external drive device and can achieve the cleaning function by relying solely on airflow power, which simplifies the system complexity, reduces maintenance costs, solves the problem of reduced air permeability caused by particle blockage in traditional filter screen 200, and realizes the automatic removal of adhering substances on the surface of filter screen 200.

[0041] The switching valve body 106 has a cylindrical structure and is divided into an upper valve body 106a and a lower valve body 106b along the axial direction. Each valve body has multiple chambers 107 evenly distributed around its circumference. The chambers 107 of the upper valve body 106a and the lower valve body 106b at the same position are alternately arranged, and adjacent chambers 107 are arranged at intervals. The first air outlet 104 is connected to the chamber 107 of the upper valve body 106a, and the second air outlet 105 is connected to the chamber 107 of the lower valve body 106b.

[0042] It should be noted that (1) the layout of the double-layer valve body and chamber 107: the switching valve body 106 is cylindrical and is divided into an upper valve body 106a and a lower valve body 106b along the axial direction. Multiple chambers 107 are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of each valve body (e.g., 8 chambers 107 per layer). The upper and lower chambers 107 at the same position are alternately arranged: for example, at the first position in the circumferential direction, if the upper valve body 106a has a chamber 107, then the lower valve body 106b has no chamber 107 at that position (or is a solid structure), and vice versa. This alternating arrangement ensures that the upper and lower chambers 107 will not be connected to the air outlet at the same time during rotation. The adjacent chambers 107 are arranged at intervals: in the same layer of valve body, there is a gap between adjacent chambers 107 (e.g., a gap of one position) to avoid short-circuiting of airflow or opening multiple chambers 107 at the same time, and to ensure that the airflow is output alternately in sequence.

[0043] (2) Correspondence between the air outlet and the chamber 107: The first air outlet 104 is directly connected to each chamber 107 of the upper valve body 106a, and the second air outlet 105 is directly connected to each chamber 107 of the lower valve body 106b. When the switching valve body 106 rotates, the upper and lower chambers 107 alternately align with the air outlet, realizing the periodic switching of airflow between the two air outlets.

[0044] For example (taking 8 chambers 107 per layer as an example): Assume that when switching the initial position of the valve body 106, the first position of the upper valve body 106a is a chamber 107 and aligned with the first air outlet 104, and its adjacent second position is a solid structure (without a chamber 107); correspondingly, the first position of the lower valve body 106b is a solid structure (without a chamber 107), and its adjacent second position is a chamber 107 structure. During operation, the gas first enters each chamber 107 through the air inlet 103 for temporary storage. When the chamber 107 at the first position of the upper layer is aligned with the first air outlet 104, the gas only enters the first air outlet 104 through the upper chamber 107 and is then discharged. As the switching valve body 106 rotates, the first chamber 107 of the upper valve body 106a gradually disengages from the first air outlet 104, while the second chamber 107 of the lower valve body 106b begins to align with the second air outlet 105. At this time, the gas in this chamber 107 is discharged through the second air outlet 105. When the third chamber 107 of the upper valve body 106a aligns with the first air outlet 104, the third position of the lower valve body 106b remains solid, and the gas in this chamber 107 is discharged from the first air outlet 104, forming an alternating exhaust cycle.

[0045] The switching valve body 106 achieves precise periodic switching of airflow between two outlets through an alternating chamber structure 107 with upper and lower layers and a rotary drive design. Specifically, the double-layered chambers 107 are distributed axially and spaced apart, ensuring that the upper and lower chambers 107 at the same location are always alternately connected to the corresponding outlets, thus avoiding the risk of blockage caused by continuous operation of a single outlet. Simultaneously, this compact double-layered layout constructs a multi-path airflow control channel 303 within a limited space, making it particularly suitable for automated cleaning of the filter 200 in high-dust environments (such as the vent plug protective cover of a coal chute reducer). Furthermore, the spaced arrangement and alternating alignment mechanism between the chambers 107 and the outlets effectively prevents sudden interruptions or impacts in airflow, ensuring a smooth and reliable switching process. In summary, this design not only improves the pulse airflow stability and filter 200 cleaning efficiency of the vibration cleaning mechanism but also adapts to the high-reliability operation requirements of complex working conditions such as underground coal mines through structural optimization.

[0046] The outer peripheral surface of the switching valve body 106 is provided with several vertically extending air guide grooves 108, which are used to guide the incoming airflow to drive the switching valve body 106 to rotate in the cavity 102, so that the chambers 107 in the upper valve body 106a and the lower valve body 106b are connected to the first air outlet 104 and the second air outlet 105 in sequence, thereby realizing the alternating exhaust of the two air outlets.

[0047] It should be noted that the vertical air guide groove 108 provided on the outer circumference of the switching valve body 106 is the core structure for realizing airflow-driven rotation. When the airflow enters the cavity 102 through the air inlet 103, it flows along the extension direction of the air guide groove 108. Since the cross-sectional shape of the air guide groove 108 (such as trapezoidal or rectangular) forms an angle with the airflow direction, the airflow will exert a tangential torque on the valve body when flowing in the air guide groove 108, thereby pushing the switching valve body 106 to rotate in the cavity 102. As the switching valve body 106 continues to rotate, the chambers 107 on its upper and lower valve bodies will align sequentially with the first air outlet 104 and the second air outlet 105. For example, in the initial state, a certain chamber 107 of the upper valve body 106a is connected to the first air outlet 104, and the corresponding position of the lower valve body is closed or solid. When the valve body is rotated to a specific angle, the chamber 107 is disengaged from the first air outlet 104, while the corresponding chamber 107 of the lower valve body 106b is aligned with the second air outlet 105. At this time, the airflow is switched to the second air outlet 105 for output. Through this periodic rotation, the two air outlets alternately exhaust air, forming a stable pulse airflow output.

[0048] The switching valve body 106 achieves self-driving capability through vertical air guide grooves 108 on its outer circumference. It requires no external motor or mechanical transmission device, relying solely on the airflow power entering the cavity 102 to drive the valve body's rotation, thus simplifying the system structure and reducing energy consumption. The guiding effect of the air guide grooves 108 ensures even airflow distribution across the valve body surface, preventing rotational instability or jamming caused by localized airflow turbulence, and ensuring a smooth and reliable switching process. Simultaneously, the alternating connection mechanism between the upper and lower chambers 107 and the air outlets allows for periodic exhaust from both outlets, effectively preventing blockage of a single outlet due to coal dust accumulation. This is particularly suitable for automated cleaning needs in high-dust environments such as underground coal mines, significantly improving equipment operational stability and maintenance convenience.

[0049] Reference Figures 1-10 A protective cover for a vent plug of a coal chute reducer includes a vibration cleaning mechanism and a vent plug component 300, which includes a bolt 301 and a cover 302 mounted on the bolt 301. The bolt 301 has a channel 303 inside, and a main chamber 304 is formed between the bolt 301 and the cover 302. Multiple side chambers 305 are arranged around the main chamber 304, with each pair of adjacent side chambers 305 forming a group. A switching component 100 of the vibration cleaning mechanism is located on one of the two side chambers in the same group. Between each side chamber 305, the air inlet 103 is connected to the main chamber 304, and the two air outlets are connected to the left and right side chambers 305 of the group respectively; an exhaust pipe 306 is provided on the lower surface of each side chamber 305, and an elastic pressure head 307 that can extend outward is provided in the exhaust pipe 306; a filter screen 200 is detachably connected to the lower end of the bolt 301, and the filter screen 200 is located in the area below the outlet of each exhaust pipe 306, and is used to intercept impurities discharged from the exhaust pipe 306.

[0050] In this embodiment, the vent plug protective cover of the coal chute reducer of this application integrates a vibration cleaning mechanism and a vent plug component 300. Specifically, the axial channel 303 inside the bolt 301 introduces external airflow into the main chamber 304. The main chamber 304 serves as the airflow distribution center. The switching component 100 of the vibration cleaning mechanism (composed of staggered chambers 107 and air guide channels 108) alternately guides the airflow into two side chambers 305 in the same group. An elastic pressure head 307 is provided in the exhaust pipe 306 at the bottom of the side chamber 305. When airflow enters, it pushes the pressure head outward, applying a periodic impact force to the surface of the filter screen 200 below, causing the filter screen 200 to vibrate at high frequency, thereby removing the attached coal dust particles. The filter screen 200 is detachably installed on the lower surface of the head 301b of the bolt 301, which both intercepts impurities to prevent them from entering the reducer and maintains air permeability through vibration cleaning. This design solves the problems of poor venting, sealing failure and oil leakage caused by coal accumulation blockage in traditional vent plugs through a linkage mechanism that drives mechanical vibration through airflow. At the same time, it prevents coal dust particles from directly entering the reducer and contaminating the lubricating oil.

[0051] The advantages are as follows: Compared to the shortcomings of traditional single-hole vent plugs that are prone to clogging and require manual cleaning, this application achieves automated cleaning of the filter 200 through the collaborative design of the vibration cleaning mechanism and the filter 200, significantly extending the service life of the filter 200 and reducing maintenance frequency; the annular layout of the main chamber 304 and the side chamber 305, combined with the alternating exhaust mechanism of the switching valve body 106, ensures uniform airflow distribution and efficient removal of impurities, avoiding the risk of unilateral clogging; the flexible impact design of the elastic pressure head 307 and the filter 200 balances cleaning force and structural protection, preventing the filter 200 from being damaged by hard impacts. The overall solution effectively solves the problems of coal dust clogging of the vent, oil contamination, and oil leakage, improving the reliability and economy of the reducer operation, and is especially suitable for the complex working environment of high dust and strong vibration in underground coal mines.

[0052] Bolt 301 includes a screw 301a and a head 301b. A cover 302 is threaded onto a raised ring 301c on the upper surface of the head 301b. A main chamber 304 is located at the center of the raised ring 301c, and various side chambers 305 are arranged circumferentially within the raised ring 301c along the main chamber 304. An axial channel 303 is formed inside the screw 301a, with its lower end opening onto the bottom surface of the screw 301a and its upper end communicating with the main chamber 304.

[0053] It should be noted that the screw 301a, as the main body of the bolt 301, undertakes the functions of connection and fixation. The axial channel 303 (penetrating the screw 301a) on its bottom surface is the only inlet for external gas to enter the system. The head 301b is an extension structure of the top of the screw 301a, and its upper surface has a convex ring 301c with an annular protrusion. This ring provides a threaded mounting reference for the cover 302 and forms the main chamber 304 through the central recess, serving as the core area for airflow distribution. The cover 302 is screwed onto the upper surface of the convex ring 301c by threads, forming a detachable sealing structure. This connection method ensures a tight fit between the cover 302 and the convex ring 301c, preventing coal dust or dirt from seeping in, and also facilitates quick disassembly and replacement of the cover 302 or cleaning of the internal chamber during later maintenance.

[0054] Spatial layout of main chamber 304 and side chambers 305: Main chamber 304 is located at the center of convex ring 301c and is connected to external air source through axial channel 303 inside screw 301a, serving as the initial distribution node for airflow into the system; side chambers 305 are evenly distributed around the circumference of main chamber 304 on the inner side of convex ring 301c, and the directional output of airflow is achieved by controlling the switching valve body 106. This ring distribution design can ensure that the airflow is evenly distributed to each side chamber 305, avoiding problems such as local blockage or uneven flow.

[0055] The axial channel 303 inside the screw 301a introduces external airflow into the main chamber 304 from the bottom. The vertical through structure of the channel 303 simplifies the air path layout and reduces pressure loss caused by bending. The upper and lower ends of the channel 303 are connected to the external environment and the main chamber 304 respectively, forming a "bottom in, top out" airflow path, which facilitates the use of gravity to assist the settling of coal powder particles and reduces the risk of filter screen 200 clogging.

[0056] Nut 309 is connected to the end of screw 301a via threads. After tightening, the vent plug component 300 (including screw 301a, washer 308, and cover 302) can be firmly fixed to the vent hole position of the reducer housing 101. The tightening force can be adjusted to ensure the tightness of the installation, so as to ensure that it will not loosen or fall off due to vibration or pressure changes during equipment operation. At the same time, the nut 309 of this application is designed with dual functions - on the one hand, it achieves fixed locking through screw connection, and on the other hand, it forms a physical gap through its own thickness to prevent the lower surface of the bolt head 301b from compressing the filter screen 200 due to direct contact with washer 308 or reducer housing 101. Since the filter screen 200 needs to be placed on the lower surface of the bolt head 301b to prevent external dust from falling on it and causing blockage, if the bolt head 301b and the gasket 308 are directly attached and fixed, the distance between the filter screen 200 and the outer wall of the reducer housing 101 will be too small or even completely attached, thus blocking the exhaust passage 303. However, through the spacing effect of the nut 309, there is always an exhaust space of at least the thickness of a nut 309 between the filter screen 200 and the housing 101, which not only avoids the filter screen 200 being compressed and blocked, but also ensures that the exhaust path is unobstructed, significantly improving the exhaust efficiency and reliability of the protective cover.

[0057] Through the design of the shim 308 and nut 309, the vent plug component 300 can achieve a dual function for the vent hole of the reducer: on the one hand, the shim 308 is compressed and deformed when the nut 309 is tightened, filling the gap between the screw 301a and the reducer housing 101, forming a sealing barrier, effectively preventing external coal dust and dirt from entering and internal grease from leaking; on the other hand, the threaded connection structure of the nut 309 not only provides a stable fixing force, but also allows for quick disassembly and maintenance through loosening operations, significantly improving equipment maintenance efficiency. This structure achieves high sealing performance, easy maintenance, and long-term reliability with a simple mechanical combination. Its low cost and lack of complex processes make it particularly suitable for complex working environments such as coal mines with high temperature, high pressure, and strong vibration, combining practical value and engineering adaptability.

[0058] The filter screen 200 has a ring-shaped structure. The lower surface of the head 301b of the bolt 301 has multiple mounting holes 301d. The filter screen 200 is fixed in place by multiple clamps 201 that engage with the mounting holes 301d. The clamps 201 are evenly spaced along the ring direction, and at least two clamps 201 are correspondingly placed at both ends of each group of two side chambers 305. The filter screen 200 is made of an elastic material.

[0059] It should be noted that the filter screen 200 adopts a ring structure, arranged around the lower surface of the bolt head 301b, which can fully cover the outlet area of ​​each exhaust pipe 306, ensuring that the coal dust particles carried in the airflow discharged from the exhaust pipe 306 are effectively intercepted, preventing impurities from entering the reducer. The ring design also facilitates the formation of an integral sealing structure with the bolt head 301b, reducing the risk of external coal dust intruding through edge gaps. The filter screen 200 is made of elastic material (such as rubber or elastic plastic), which can absorb the vibration energy of the elastic pressure head 307 impact, preventing the filter screen 200 from cracking or breaking due to hard impact; on the other hand, the elastic deformation capacity allows the filter screen 200 to fit against the surface of the bolt head 301b during installation, forming a seal, and at the same time, it can remove the adhering substances by its own rebound when coal dust accumulates, extending its service life.

[0060] Multiple mounting holes 301d are provided on the lower surface of the bolt head 301b. The filter screen 200 is quickly installed and removed by the insertion and engagement of the clamp 201 with the mounting holes 301d. The clamp 201, as a connector, ensures the fixing strength between the filter screen 200 and the bolt 301, while avoiding the complex processes and maintenance difficulties associated with traditional welding or threaded connections. The insertion structure allows for quick replacement or cleaning of the filter screen 200 after a period of use, significantly reducing maintenance costs. The clamps 201 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction to ensure uniform stress on the filter screen 200 and prevent deformation or breakage due to localized stress concentration. At least two additional clamps 201 are provided at both ends of each set of two side chambers 305 (i.e., the critical area where airflow impacts the filter screen 200) to further enhance the fixing strength in this area and prevent the edges of the filter screen 200 from loosening or falling off due to the high-frequency impact of the elastic pressure head 307.

[0061] Reference Figures 1-10 When exhaust operation is required, the gas first enters the central channel 303 of bolt 301 and passes through the main chamber 304 formed between bolt 301 and cover 302. The main chamber 304 evenly distributes the airflow to the air inlets 103 of multiple vibration cleaning mechanisms, driving the switching valve body 106 to rotate within the cavity 102. This is because the vertical air guide grooves 108 on the outer periphery of the switching valve body 106 work together with the airflow to generate continuous rotation. Since the upper and lower chambers 107 of the switching valve body 106 are arranged in an alternating manner, when the upper chamber 107 is connected to the first air outlet 104, the corresponding position in the lower layer is a solid without a chamber 107 and therefore not connected to the second air outlet 105, and vice versa. This alternating connection structure ensures that the airflow alternately enters the same set of two adjacent side chambers 305.

[0062] An elastic pressure head 307 is installed inside the exhaust pipe 306 at the bottom of the side chamber 305. When airflow enters the side chamber 305, it pushes the elastic pressure head 307 outwards. When there is no airflow, the elastic pressure head 307 returns to its original position under the action of its own spring, thus applying a periodic impact force to the surface of the filter screen 200 below. Because the airflow from the two side chambers 305 alternates, the elastic pressure head 307 creates alternating vibration impacts on adjacent areas on the same side of the filter screen 200, thereby achieving high-frequency reciprocating cleaning of the filter screen 200. This structure effectively removes coal dust particles adhering to the filter screen 200 through airflow-driven mechanical vibration, while avoiding localized blockage caused by a single airflow direction. This significantly improves the air permeability of the filter screen 200 and the exhaust efficiency of the protective cover, extending the service life of the equipment and reducing maintenance frequency.

[0063] Finally, it should be noted that the methods and devices described in detail above are merely embodiments, and those skilled in the art can modify these embodiments in different ways as long as they do not depart from the scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A vibration cleaning mechanism, characterized in that: include, The switching component (100) includes a housing (101) having a cavity (102), an air inlet (103) and a first air outlet (104) and a second air outlet (105) provided on the housing (101), and a rotatable switching valve body (106) provided in the cavity (102), the switching valve body (106) being able to rotate under the action of airflow so that the internal channel alternately communicates with the first air outlet (104) and the second air outlet (105); The filter screen (200), located at the air outlet ends of the first air outlet (104) and the second air outlet (105), is used to generate periodic vibrations under the alternating exhaust of the two air outlets, thereby achieving cleaning of the filter screen (200).

2. The vibration cleaning mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switching valve body (106) is a cylindrical structure, divided into an upper valve body (106a) and a lower valve body (106b) along the axial direction. Each valve body has multiple chambers (107) evenly distributed around its circumference. The chambers (107) of the upper valve body (106a) and the lower valve body (106b) at the same position are alternately arranged, and adjacent chambers (107) are arranged at intervals. The first air outlet (104) is connected to the chamber (107) of the upper valve body (106a), and the second air outlet (105) is connected to the chamber (107) of the lower valve body (106b).

3. The vibration cleaning mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer circumferential surface of the switching valve body (106) is provided with several vertically extending air guide grooves (108) to guide the incoming airflow to drive the switching valve body (106) to rotate in the cavity, so that the chambers (107) in the upper valve body (106a) and the lower valve body (106b) are connected to the first air outlet (104) and the second air outlet (105) in sequence, thereby realizing the alternating exhaust of the two air outlets.

4. A protective cover for the vent plug of a coal chute reducer, characterized in that: Including the vibration cleaning mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, and, The vent plug component (300) includes a bolt (301) and a cover (302) mounted on the bolt (301). The bolt (301) has a channel (303) inside. A main chamber (304) is formed between the bolt (301) and the cover (302). A plurality of side chambers (305) are arranged around the main chamber (304). Each pair of adjacent side chambers (305) forms a group. The switching component (100) of the vibration cleaning mechanism is located between two side chambers (305) in the same group. Its air inlet (103) is connected to the main chamber (304), and its two air outlets are connected to the left and right side chambers (305) of the group, respectively. An exhaust pipe (306) is provided on the lower surface of each side chamber (305), and an outwardly extending elastic pressure head (307) is provided in the exhaust pipe (306). A filter screen (200) is detachably connected to the lower end of the bolt (301). The filter screen (200) is located in the area below the outlet of each exhaust pipe (306) and is used to intercept impurities discharged from the exhaust pipe (306).

5. The protective cover for the vent plug of the coal chute reducer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bolt (301) includes a screw (301a) and a head (301b), and the cover (302) is installed on the protruding ring (301c) on the upper surface of the head (301b) by means of a threaded connection; The main chamber (304) is located at the center of the convex ring (301c), and each of the side chambers (305) is arranged circumferentially within the convex ring (301c) along the main chamber (304).

6. The protective cover for the vent plug of the coal chute reducer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The screw (301a) has an axially oriented channel (303) inside. The lower end of the channel (303) opens onto the bottom surface of the screw (301a), and the upper end is connected to the main chamber (304).

7. The protective cover for the vent plug of the coal chute reducer according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The screw (301a) is fitted with a washer (308) and a nut (309) to fix the entire vent plug assembly (300) at the vent hole of the coal chute head reducer.

8. The protective cover for the vent plug of the coal chute reducer according to any one of claims 4-6, characterized in that: The filter screen (200) has a ring structure. The lower surface of the head of the bolt (301) is provided with multiple mounting holes (301d). The filter screen (200) is fixedly installed by multiple clamps (201) being inserted into the mounting holes (301d).

9. The protective cover for the vent plug of the coal chute reducer according to claim 8, characterized in that: The clamps (201) are evenly distributed along the annular direction, and at least two clamps (201) are provided at the two ends of each set of two side chambers (305).

10. The protective cover for the vent plug of the coal chute reducer according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The filter (200) is made of a flexible material.

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