High-performance molten copper converter graphite diversion nozzle protective sleeve

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of copper liquid transfer, in particular to a high-performance copper liquid converter graphite flow guide nozzle protective sleeve which comprises a composite protective shell coaxially sleeved with a graphite flow guide nozzle. The gradient heat insulation layer comprises a zirconium oxide transition layer and an aluminum silicate fiber layer which are sintered and combined with the high-temperature alloy contact layer; a spiral cooling channel is arranged in the external water-cooled jacket; a flange connecting mechanism with a pressure sensor is arranged at the liquid inlet end of the composite protective shell; a flow guide head is arranged at the liquid outlet end of the composite protective shell, a wear-resisting strip made of silicon carbide is embedded in the inner wall of the flow guide head, the flow guide head and the composite protective shell are connected in a labyrinth sealing mode, and a sealing gap is filled with high-temperature sealing paste. An intelligent monitoring system is arranged on the outer wall of the composite protective shell; the working performance of the graphite flow guide nozzle in a high-temperature and high-corrosion environment is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of copper liquid transfer, and in particular to a high-performance graphite guide nozzle protective sleeve for copper liquid converter. Background Technology

[0002] In modern metallurgical industry, the copper molten copper converter is a key piece of equipment, and its efficient and stable operation is crucial for ensuring continuous production and product quality. One of the core components of the copper molten copper converter is the graphite guide nozzle protective sleeve, which not only guides the flow of high-temperature molten copper but also protects the converter lining from direct thermal shock and physical wear. However, under prolonged high-temperature conditions and frequent contact with high-speed flowing molten copper, the guide nozzle protective sleeve gradually develops problems such as increased porosity, decreased thermal conductivity, accelerated deformation, and surface wear. These factors directly affect its service life and safety. Utility Model Content

[0003] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a high-performance protective sleeve for graphite guide nozzles in copper liquid converters, which improves the working performance of graphite guide nozzles in high-temperature and highly corrosive environments.

[0004] This utility model discloses a high-performance copper liquid converter graphite guide nozzle protective sleeve, comprising a composite protective shell coaxially sleeved with the graphite guide nozzle, the composite protective shell comprising, from the inside to the outside:

[0005] The high-temperature alloy contact layer has an inner surface that fits with the graphite guide nozzle to form an expansion buffer gap of 0.5-2mm.

[0006] The gradient insulation layer comprises a zirconium oxide transition layer and an aluminum silicate fiber layer sintered with the high-temperature alloy contact layer.

[0007] The external water-cooling jacket has a spiral cooling channel inside.

[0008] The liquid inlet end of the composite protective housing is equipped with a flange connection mechanism;

[0009] The liquid outlet end of the composite protective shell is equipped with a guide head, and its inner wall is inlaid with wear-resistant strips made of silicon carbide. The wear-resistant strips are arranged at a deflection angle of 10-15° with the axis. The guide head and the composite protective shell are connected by a labyrinth seal. The sealing gap is filled with high-temperature sealant with a softening point of not less than 800℃.

[0010] The outer wall of the composite protective shell is equipped with an intelligent monitoring system.

[0011] Furthermore, the high-temperature alloy contact layer is made of nickel-based high-temperature alloy, and its inner surface is provided with an array of equally spaced grooves with a groove depth of 0.3-0.8 mm, forming a gas insulation layer.

[0012] Preferably, the porosity of the zirconia transition layer varies in a gradient, with a porosity of 15-20% near the high-temperature alloy contact layer and 30-35% near the aluminosilicate fiber layer, and a thickness ratio of 1:2.

[0013] Furthermore, the pitch of the spiral cooling channel gradually decreases along the direction of copper liquid flow, with the pitch at the inlet end being 1.2-1.5 times that at the outlet end, and the channel cross-section being teardrop-shaped.

[0014] Preferably, the flange connection mechanism includes:

[0015] Mounting flange with graphite sealing ring;

[0016] The hydraulic locking device with evenly distributed circumference can dynamically adjust its locking force according to the value detected by the pressure sensor.

[0017] The splash guard has an inclination angle of 30-45°.

[0018] Furthermore, the intelligent monitoring system includes:

[0019] An embedded temperature sensor array, with at least three groups arranged at equal angles along the axial direction;

[0020] The vibration monitoring module uses an accelerometer to detect the axial vibration frequency;

[0021] The thickness measuring instrument uses an ultrasonic thickness probe.

[0022] Preferably, the intelligent monitoring system is connected to an early warning terminal, which triggers an alarm when any of the following conditions are met:

[0023] Temperature gradient change rate > 5℃ / s;

[0024] Vibration frequency > 200 Hz and duration > 10 s;

[0025] The local thickness reduction is greater than 15% of the design thickness.

[0026] Furthermore, the expansion buffer gap is filled with inert gas, the gas pressure is maintained at 0.05-0.1 MPa, and the pressure balance is achieved through the micropores in the high-temperature alloy contact layer.

[0027] A high-performance graphite guide nozzle protective sleeve for a copper melt converter has been designed. The high-temperature alloy contact layer of the composite protective shell forms a 0.5-2mm expansion buffer gap with the graphite guide nozzle, effectively absorbing the thermal expansion and contraction stress caused by rapid temperature changes and preventing cracking or deformation due to rigid contact. Simultaneously, the high-temperature alloy material itself possesses excellent resistance to copper melt corrosion, extending the service life of the protective sleeve. In the gradient insulation layer, the zirconium oxide transition layer is sintered with the high-temperature alloy contact layer, ensuring the stability of the heat conduction path. The aluminosilicate fiber layer, through its porous structure, significantly reduces heat conduction efficiency, forming a highly efficient heat insulation barrier, reducing heat loss to the external water-cooling jacket, and lowering the cooling load. The spiral cooling channel design of the external water-cooling jacket guides the cooling water to flow evenly and at high speed, enhancing heat exchange efficiency and ensuring the protective sleeve's performance. The outer wall temperature of the protective sleeve is maintained within a safe range. The flange connection mechanism at the liquid inlet facilitates quick disassembly and sealing of the protective sleeve and the converter outlet, improving maintenance efficiency. The wear-resistant strips made of silicon carbide embedded in the inner wall of the liquid outlet guide head are arranged at a deflection angle of 10-15°, which can effectively guide the flow direction of copper liquid and reduce the scouring and wear of the inner wall of the guide head by turbulence. The labyrinth seal connection, combined with high-temperature sealant with a softening point of not less than 800℃, forms a double sealing structure to prevent copper liquid leakage and the intrusion of external impurities. The intelligent monitoring system on the outer wall predicts fault risks through data analysis, realizes dynamic monitoring of the operating status of the protective sleeve, and provides early warning of potential problems. It comprehensively improves the working performance of the graphite guide nozzle in high-temperature and highly corrosive environments, reduces downtime maintenance costs, and improves the production efficiency and reliability of the copper liquid converter. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the process for a high-performance graphite guide nozzle protective sleeve for a copper liquid converter according to this utility model.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-performance copper liquid converter graphite guide nozzle protective sleeve at the first angle in this utility model.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the composite protective shell structure of a high-performance copper liquid converter graphite guide nozzle protective sleeve in this utility model.

[0031] Figure 4 This utility model relates to a high-performance graphite guide nozzle protective sleeve for a copper liquid converter. Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram of section A in the middle;

[0032] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Composite protective shell; 11. High-temperature alloy contact layer; 12. Gradient heat insulation layer; 121. Zirconia transition layer; 122. Aluminum silicate fiber layer; 13. External water cooling jacket; 2. Flange connection mechanism; 21. Mounting flange; 22. Hydraulic locking device; 23. Pressure sensor; 24. Anti-splash ring; 3. Flow guide head; 31. Wear-resistant strip; 4. Intelligent monitoring system; 41. Temperature sensor array; 42. Vibration monitoring module; 43. Thickness measuring instrument. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate this utility model, but are not intended to limit its scope.

[0034] This utility model relates to a high-performance graphite guide nozzle protective sleeve for a copper liquid converter, such as... Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the composite protective housing 1 is coaxially sleeved with the graphite guide nozzle. The composite protective housing 1 includes, from the inside to the outside:

[0035] The high-temperature alloy contact layer 11 has an inner surface that fits with the graphite guide nozzle to form an expansion buffer gap of 0.5-2mm to accommodate the material expansion or contraction caused by temperature changes.

[0036] The gradient insulation layer 12 includes a zirconium oxide transition layer 121 and an aluminum silicate fiber layer 122 sintered together with the high-temperature alloy contact layer 11.

[0037] The external water-cooling jacket 13 has a spiral cooling channel inside;

[0038] The liquid inlet end of the composite protective housing 1 is provided with a flange connection mechanism 2;

[0039] The liquid outlet end of the composite protective shell 1 is provided with a guide head 3, and its inner wall is inlaid with wear-resistant strips 31 made of silicon carbide. The wear-resistant strips 31 are arranged at a deflection angle of 10-15° with the axis. The guide head 3 and the composite protective shell 1 are connected by a labyrinth seal. The sealing gap is filled with high-temperature sealant 32, whose softening point is not lower than 800℃.

[0040] The outer wall of the composite protective housing 1 is equipped with an intelligent monitoring system 4;

[0041] The high-temperature alloy contact layer 11 of the composite protective shell 1 forms a 0.5-2mm expansion buffer gap with the graphite guide nozzle, which can effectively absorb the thermal expansion and contraction stress caused by drastic temperature changes and avoid cracking or deformation caused by rigid contact. At the same time, the high-temperature alloy material itself has excellent resistance to copper liquid corrosion, extending the service life of the protective shell. In the gradient heat insulation layer 12, the zirconium oxide transition layer 121 is sintered with the high-temperature alloy contact layer 11 to ensure the stability of the heat conduction path. The aluminum silicate fiber layer 122 significantly reduces the heat conduction efficiency through its porous structure, forming a highly efficient heat insulation barrier, reducing heat loss to the external water-cooled jacket 13, and reducing the cooling load. The spiral cooling channel design of the external water-cooled jacket 13 can guide the cooling water to flow evenly and at high speed, enhance the heat exchange efficiency, and ensure that the temperature of the outer wall of the protective shell is maintained. Within a safe range, the inlet flange connection mechanism 2 facilitates quick disassembly and sealing connection between the protective sleeve and the converter outlet, improving maintenance efficiency. The wear-resistant silicon carbide strips 31 embedded in the inner wall of the outlet guide head 3 are arranged at a deflection angle of 10-15°, which can effectively guide the flow direction of copper liquid and reduce the scouring and wear of the inner wall of the guide head by turbulence. The labyrinth-type sealing connection, combined with the high-temperature sealing paste 32 with a softening point of not less than 800℃, forms a double sealing structure to prevent copper liquid leakage and the intrusion of external impurities. The external wall intelligent monitoring system 4 predicts fault risks through data analysis, realizes dynamic monitoring of the operating status of the protective sleeve, and provides early warning of potential problems. It comprehensively improves the working performance of the graphite guide nozzle in high temperature and high corrosive environment, reduces downtime maintenance costs, and improves the production efficiency and reliability of the copper liquid converter.

[0042] As a preferred option, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the high-temperature alloy contact layer 11 is made of nickel-based high-temperature alloy, and its inner surface is provided with an array of equally spaced grooves with a groove depth of 0.3-0.8 mm, forming a gas insulation layer.

[0043] The equidistant array of grooves (0.3-0.8mm deep) on its inner surface can form a gas insulation layer in the expansion buffer gap between the graphite guide nozzle and the high-temperature alloy contact layer 11. The low thermal conductivity of the gas blocks part of the heat conduction path, further reducing the heat transfer efficiency to the gradient insulation layer 12 and improving the heat insulation performance of the composite protective shell 1. At the same time, the structural design of the groove array can increase the contact area between the contact layer and the graphite guide nozzle, suppressing the circumferential movement of the graphite guide nozzle through the surface friction effect and enhancing the stability of the assembly of the two. In addition, the static gas film formed by the air trapped in the groove under high temperature environment can also alleviate the direct thermal shock between the two when the temperature changes drastically, reduce the interface stress concentration caused by the difference in thermal expansion coefficient, and further improve the reliability of the protective sleeve under extreme working conditions.

[0044] As a preferred option, such as Figures 1 to 4As shown, the porosity of the zirconia transition layer 121 varies in a gradient, with a porosity of 15-20% near the high-temperature alloy contact layer 11 and a porosity of 30-35% near the aluminosilicate fiber layer 122, with a thickness ratio of 1:2.

[0045] The porosity of the zirconia transition layer 121 varies in a gradient. The porosity near the high-temperature alloy contact layer 11 is 15-20%. This low-porosity structure ensures the tightness and stability of the sintering bond with the high-temperature alloy contact layer 11, maintains a smooth heat conduction path, effectively transfers heat while enhancing structural strength, and resists thermal and mechanical stresses transmitted from the high-temperature alloy contact layer 11. The porosity near the aluminosilicate fiber layer 122 is 30-35%, with a thickness ratio of 1:2. The higher porosity and larger thickness can better match the porous structure of the aluminosilicate fiber layer 122, reducing the thermal resistance between the two and achieving a smooth heat transition. At the same time, this porous structure further reduces the heat conduction efficiency and enhances the heat insulation effect. The gradient porosity design allows the zirconia transition layer 121 to perform different functions at different locations, ensuring good bonding with adjacent layers while optimizing heat conduction and heat insulation performance, improving the overall thermal stability and reliability of the composite protective shell 1, and adapting to high-temperature and highly corrosive environments.

[0046] As a preferred option, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the pitch of the spiral cooling channel gradually decreases along the direction of copper liquid flow, and the pitch at the inlet end is 1.2-1.5 times that at the outlet end. The channel cross-section is teardrop-shaped.

[0047] The spiral cooling channel adopts a design with a gradually decreasing pitch along the flow direction of the copper liquid (the pitch at the inlet end is 1.2-1.5 times that at the outlet end) and a teardrop-shaped cross-section. This design can significantly optimize cooling efficiency and hydrodynamic performance. The gradually decreasing pitch structure causes the cooling water to gradually increase in velocity due to the compression of the channel space during flow, forming a dynamic acceleration effect and enhancing the scouring force on the outer wall of the composite protective shell 1. Especially in the high-temperature area of ​​the copper liquid, the denser cooling channel layout concentrates the heat exchange efficiency, ensuring that the heat in the high-temperature area is quickly removed. The teardrop-shaped cross-section (large end facing the flow direction) can reduce the frictional resistance of the cooling water flow and reduce pumping energy consumption. At the same time, the cross-sectional shape guides the water flow to form a stable turbulent state, destroying the boundary layer thermal resistance and further improving the heat dissipation effect.

[0048] As a preferred solution, as a preferred solution, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the flange connection mechanism 2 includes:

[0049] Mounting flange 21 with graphite sealing ring;

[0050] The hydraulic locking device 22, which is evenly distributed around the circumference, can dynamically adjust its locking force according to the detection value of the pressure sensor 23;

[0051] Splash guard ring 24, with an inclination angle of 30-45°;

[0052] The mounting flange 21 with a graphite sealing ring utilizes the high-temperature resistance and self-lubricating properties of graphite to form a flexible sealing interface, which can effectively compensate for installation errors and thermal deformation, prevent leakage of high-temperature molten copper, and reduce disassembly resistance for easy and quick maintenance. The circumferentially distributed hydraulic locking device 22 is linked with the pressure sensor 23, which can dynamically adjust the locking force according to the real-time detected internal pressure, ensuring that the sealing strength remains constant when molten copper impacts or temperature changes, avoiding stress concentration or loosening leakage caused by the rigid connection of traditional mechanical locking. The anti-splash retaining ring 24 is set at an inclination angle of 30-45°, which can effectively guide splashed molten copper to slide down the outer wall of the retaining ring, reducing the scouring and erosion of the flange connection surface by splashed molten copper. At the same time, the physical barrier formed by the inclined structure can block the jet of high-temperature gas, protect the hydraulic locking device 22 and other components from high-temperature damage, and extend the service life of the flange assembly.

[0053] As a preferred option, such as Figure 1 As shown, the intelligent monitoring system 4 includes:

[0054] An embedded temperature sensor array 41 is arranged in at least three groups at equal angles along the axial direction.

[0055] Vibration monitoring module 42 uses an accelerometer to detect the axial vibration frequency;

[0056] Thickness measuring instrument 43, using an ultrasonic thickness measuring probe;

[0057] The intelligent monitoring system 4 is connected to an early warning terminal, which triggers an alarm when any of the following conditions are met:

[0058] Temperature gradient change rate > 5℃ / s;

[0059] Vibration frequency > 200 Hz and duration > 10 s;

[0060] The local thickness reduction is greater than 15% of the design thickness;

[0061] The embedded temperature sensor array 41 is arranged at least three groups at equal angles along the axial direction, which can collect temperature data at different locations of the protective sleeve in real time. By analyzing the rate of change of temperature gradient (triggers an alarm when >5℃ / s), it can promptly detect local overheating or abnormal thermal shock, avoiding material failure due to sudden temperature changes. The vibration monitoring module 42 uses an accelerometer to detect the axial vibration frequency. When the vibration frequency is >200Hz and the duration is >10s, it will trigger an alarm, which can effectively identify potential faults such as increased copper liquid turbulence and loose components, preventing seal failure or structural damage caused by vibration. The thickness detector 43 measures thickness using ultrasonic waves. The thick probe monitors the thickness changes of key parts of the protective sleeve in real time. When the local thickness reduction exceeds 15% of the design thickness, an early warning is issued to detect problems such as excessive wear of the wear-resistant layer in advance and avoid sudden leakage accidents. The intelligent monitoring system integrates and analyzes multi-source data such as temperature, vibration, and thickness. Through the early warning terminal, it realizes early identification and accurate location of faults, providing maintenance personnel with sufficient time to handle the situation. It transforms passive maintenance into proactive prevention, significantly reduces the risk of downtime, and improves the safety and production efficiency of converter operation. At the same time, it optimizes the design and maintenance strategy of the protective sleeve through data accumulation, realizing intelligent and refined management.

[0062] As a preferred option, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the expansion buffer gap is filled with inert gas, the gas pressure is maintained at 0.05-0.1MPa, and the pressure balance is achieved through the micropores provided in the high-temperature alloy contact layer 11.

[0063] The low thermal conductivity of inert gas further enhances the heat insulation effect of the gap, reducing the heat conduction from the high-temperature alloy contact layer 11 to the graphite guide nozzle. At the same time, the constant micro-positive pressure environment (0.05-0.1MPa) can effectively block the intrusion of external oxidizing gases, prevent the graphite guide nozzle from being oxidized and corroded at high temperatures, and extend its service life. The microporous design of the high-temperature alloy contact layer 11 realizes the dynamic balance of gas pressure in the gap, avoiding additional stress caused by the thermal expansion and contraction of gas due to temperature changes. Meanwhile, the micro-airflow of the micropores can carry away the micro-wear particles at the interface, reducing the abrasion damage to the contact surface.

[0064] The present invention relates to a high-performance graphite guide nozzle protective sleeve for a copper liquid converter. Its installation, connection, or setting methods are all common mechanical methods, and any method that can achieve its beneficial effects can be implemented.

[0065] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of this utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A high-performance graphite guide nozzle protective sleeve for a copper melt converter, characterized in that, The composite protective housing (1) is coaxially sleeved with the graphite guide nozzle, and the composite protective housing (1) comprises, from the inside to the outside: The high-temperature alloy contact layer (11) has an inner surface that fits with the graphite guide nozzle to form an expansion buffer gap of 0.5-2mm. The gradient insulation layer (12) includes a zirconium oxide transition layer (121) and an aluminum silicate fiber layer (122) sintered with the high-temperature alloy contact layer (11). An external water-cooled jacket (13) is provided with a spiral cooling channel inside; The composite protective housing (1) is provided with a flange connection mechanism (2) at the liquid inlet end. The liquid outlet end of the composite protective shell (1) is provided with a guide head (3), and the inner wall of the guide head (3) is inlaid with a wear-resistant strip (31) made of silicon carbide. The wear-resistant strip (31) is arranged at a deflection angle of 10-15° with the axis. The guide head (3) and the composite protective shell (1) are connected by a labyrinth seal, and the sealing gap is filled with high-temperature sealant. The outer wall of the composite protective shell (1) is equipped with an intelligent monitoring system (4).

2. The high-performance copper melt converter graphite guide nozzle protective sleeve as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The high-temperature alloy contact layer (11) is made of nickel-based high-temperature alloy, and its inner surface is provided with an array of equally spaced grooves to form a gas insulation layer.

3. The high-performance copper melt converter graphite guide nozzle protective sleeve as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The porosity of the zirconium oxide transition layer (121) varies in a gradient, with a porosity of 15-20% near the high-temperature alloy contact layer (11) and 30-35% near the aluminum silicate fiber layer (122), and a thickness ratio of 1:

2.

4. The high-performance copper melt converter graphite guide nozzle protective sleeve as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pitch of the spiral cooling channel gradually decreases along the direction of copper liquid flow.

5. The high-performance copper melt converter graphite guide nozzle protective sleeve as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The flange connection mechanism (2) includes: Mounting flange with graphite sealing ring (21); The hydraulic locking device (22) is evenly distributed around the circumference, and its locking force can be dynamically adjusted according to the detection value of the pressure sensor (23); Splash shield (24) with an inclination angle of 30-45°.

6. The high-performance copper melt converter graphite guide nozzle protective sleeve as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent monitoring system (4) includes: An embedded temperature sensor array (41) is arranged in at least three groups at equal angles along the axial direction; The vibration monitoring module (42) uses an accelerometer to detect the axial vibration frequency; The thickness measuring instrument (43) uses an ultrasonic thickness measuring probe.

7. The high-performance copper melt converter graphite guide nozzle protective sleeve as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The intelligent monitoring system (4) is connected to an early warning terminal, which triggers an alarm when any of the following conditions are met: Temperature gradient change rate > 5℃ / s; Vibration frequency > 200 Hz and duration > 10 s; The local thickness reduction is greater than 15% of the design thickness.

8. The high-performance copper melt converter graphite guide nozzle protective sleeve as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The expansion buffer gap is filled with inert gas, and pressure balance is achieved through the micropores provided in the high-temperature alloy contact layer (11).

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