Heating disc temperature detection device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a heating disc temperature detection device which comprises a heat conduction cover plate, a heat insulation plate and a temperature sensor. The heat conduction cover plate is used for guiding heat of the heating disc, the heat insulation plate is arranged at the lower end of the heat conduction cover plate, and a probe of the temperature sensor is pressed and fixed between the heat conduction cover plate and the heat insulation plate. The probe of the temperature detection device is firmly installed and can keep effective contact with the heating disc, the reliability is high, and the detection precision and the response speed can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of temperature detection technology for electric heating equipment, and specifically to a heating plate temperature detection device. Background Technology

[0002] Electric heating equipment, such as electric ovens, connects to a power source via an external cable, using external power to heat the heating plate structure. They are characterized by their simple structure, lightweight design, cleanliness, and high degree of automation. The temperature of the heating plate is a crucial physical quantity in cooking with electric heating equipment; typically, a temperature sensor is installed on the heating plate to detect its temperature.

[0003] Existing heating plates have a through hole in the middle, and the temperature sensor probe mainly contacts the side wall of the through hole to detect the temperature of the through hole side wall and thus obtain the temperature of the heating plate. However, in use, the probe of the above-mentioned temperature sensor is prone to displacement or deformation, and the installation is not secure, resulting in the temperature sensor probe not making effective contact with the side wall of the through hole, resulting in low detection accuracy, poor reliability, and slow response speed. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned problems and provide a heating plate temperature detection device. The probe of this temperature detection device is firmly installed and can maintain effective contact with the heating plate, which is highly reliable and can improve detection accuracy and response speed.

[0005] The objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] A heating plate temperature detection device includes a heat-conducting cover plate, a heat insulation plate, and a temperature sensor; the heat-conducting cover plate is used to guide the heat of the heating plate, the heat insulation plate is disposed at the lower end of the heat-conducting cover plate, and the probe of the temperature sensor is pressed and fixed between the heat-conducting cover plate and the heat insulation plate.

[0007] The working principle of the above-mentioned heating plate temperature detection device is as follows:

[0008] When the heating plate is working, the heat generated is directly transferred to the heat-conducting cover plate. The heat-conducting cover plate comes into contact with the temperature sensor probe, allowing the temperature of the cover plate to be measured, thus determining the temperature of the heating plate. The heat insulation plate provides excellent insulation, preventing heat dissipation downwards and protecting the electrical components below. The temperature sensor probe is firmly pressed and fixed between the heat-conducting cover plate and the heat insulation plate, ensuring a secure installation and preventing displacement or deformation. Even if displacement or deformation occurs, the probe maintains sufficient and effective contact with the heat-conducting cover plate, resulting in high reliability and improved detection accuracy and response speed.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the lower end of the heat-conducting cover plate is provided with an upwardly recessed receiving groove, and the probe of the temperature sensor is located in the receiving groove. By setting the above mechanism, the receiving groove is used to install the probe of the temperature sensor. The heat insulation plate and the heat-conducting cover plate are pressed together, which clamps and fixes the probe of the temperature sensor in the receiving groove, thus limiting the position of the probe and further improving the reliability of the fixation, ensuring that the probe of the temperature sensor can achieve effective contact with the heat-conducting cover plate.

[0010] Preferably, the wire of the temperature sensor extends upward and is then bent into the receiving groove to connect with the probe. In the above structure, the purpose of extending the wire upward and then bending it into the receiving groove is to ensure that the probe of the temperature sensor does not become loose. The bending of the wire into the receiving groove can prevent the wire from becoming loose in the vertical direction, ensuring that the probe of the temperature sensor is always in contact with the heat-conducting cover plate, thereby improving the reliability, stability and accuracy of temperature measurement.

[0011] Preferably, the device further includes a supporting housing. The upper end of the supporting housing has an inwardly extending inner plate, and the lower end of the inner plate has an annular mounting plate. The heat-conducting cover, the temperature sensor probe, the heat insulation plate, the inner plate, and the annular mounting plate are connected together via a riveting structure. By providing the supporting housing, the entire heating plate temperature detection device is supported and installed. The annular mounting plate, in conjunction with the heat insulation plate, and the riveting structure, effectively clamps the inner plate between the heat insulation plate and the annular mounting plate, thus achieving a fixed connection between the supporting housing, the annular mounting plate, and the heat insulation plate. The annular mounting plate can better clamp and fix the heat insulation plate and also provides some heat insulation. The annular mounting plate, which can be called the lower heat insulation plate, prevents the heat from the riveting structure on the heat-conducting cover from being directly transferred to the inner plate and the supporting housing. Furthermore, the riveting structure ensures high connection stability and a simple structure.

[0012] Preferably, the riveting structure includes multiple rivets disposed on the inner periphery of the heat-conducting cover plate. These rivets extend downwards from the inner periphery of the heat-conducting cover plate and then fold outwards, abutting against the lower end of the annular mounting plate. By setting the rivets, the heat-conducting cover plate, the heat insulation plate, the temperature sensor probe, the annular mounting plate, and the inner extension plate are riveted together. That is, the heat insulation plate, the temperature sensor probe, the annular mounting plate, and the inner extension plate are clamped and fixed between the heat-conducting cover plate and the rivets, ensuring reliable fixation and allowing good contact between the temperature sensor probe and the heat-conducting cover plate, resulting in a smoother heat transfer path. Multiple rivets further improve the reliability of the connection. By setting the rivets, the use of rivets or screws can be eliminated, as the rivets are simple, stable, and reliable. The rivets abut against the lower end of the annular mounting plate, which provides excellent heat insulation, preventing heat transfer from the rivets to the inner extension plate and the supporting housing.

[0013] Preferably, the inner side of the annular mounting plate is provided with a first clearance groove to avoid each rivet, the inner side of the inner extension plate is provided with multiple upwardly bent limiting pieces, and the heat insulation plate is provided with limiting grooves at positions corresponding to the limiting pieces. The limiting pieces extend into the limiting grooves, and the positions of the limiting pieces correspond one-to-one with the positions of the first clearance grooves. By setting the above structure, it is convenient to position and install the heat insulation plate, the inner extension plate, and the annular mounting plate.

[0014] Preferably, the size of one rivet is larger than the sizes of the other rivets; the size of the first clearance groove corresponding to the largest rivet is larger than the sizes of the other first clearance grooves; the size of the limiting piece corresponding to the largest rivet is larger than the sizes of the other limiting pieces; and the size of the limiting groove corresponding to the largest rivet is larger than the sizes of the other limiting grooves. The purpose is that the corresponding arrangement of the largest rivet, the largest first clearance groove, the largest limiting piece, and the largest limiting groove solves the problem of mistaken assembly.

[0015] Preferably, the annular mounting plate, the inner extension plate, and the heat insulation plate are all provided with second clearance grooves for avoiding the wires of the temperature sensor. The opening direction of the second clearance groove on the annular mounting plate is opposite to that of the opening direction of the second clearance groove on the heat insulation plate. By providing the second clearance groove, the wires of the temperature sensor can be effectively avoided during installation, preventing interference. The opening direction of the second clearance groove on the heat insulation plate is opposite to that of the second clearance groove on the heat insulation plate. The enclosed space formed by the opposing second clearance grooves can effectively position the wires of the temperature sensor, ensuring the stability of the temperature sensor installation.

[0016] Preferably, the wire of the temperature sensor passes vertically through the second clearance groove and then extends horizontally into the receiving groove. This structure facilitates the wiring of the temperature sensor and makes the structure very compact. The wire passes vertically through the second clearance groove, which horizontally limits the wire and prevents it from swinging. Combined with the horizontal bend extending into the receiving groove, this prevents the temperature sensor from swinging left, right, up, or down, ensuring a secure installation.

[0017] Preferably, the material of the heat-conducting cover is a high thermal conductivity material, including but not limited to aluminum, copper, or alloys. Aluminum, copper, and alloys are all high thermal conductivity materials, which can effectively transfer the temperature of the heat-conducting cover to the temperature sensor.

[0018] Preferably, the insulation board is made of a high-temperature resistant insulation material, including but not limited to mica board. Mica board has good insulation properties.

[0019] Preferably, the temperature sensor is a thermocouple sensor; the wires of the temperature sensor are provided with a protective sleeve, the protective sleeve being resistant to high temperatures above 400°C, and its material is glass fiber. Thermocouple sensors have many advantages, such as simple structure, convenient manufacturing, wide measurement range, high accuracy, low inertia, and easy long-distance transmission of output signals.

[0020] Preferably, the heating plate has a through hole in the middle, and a stepped groove at the upper end of the through hole, with the heat-conducting cover plate disposed on the stepped groove. The purpose is to make the structure very compact while also effectively guiding the heat from the heating plate. The temperature of the heating plate can be obtained by measuring the temperature of the heat-conducting cover plate.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0022] 1. In the heating plate temperature detection device of this utility model, the probe of the temperature sensor is pressed and fixed between the heat-conducting cover plate and the heat insulation plate. The installation of the temperature sensor probe is more secure, making the probe less prone to displacement or deformation. It can maintain full and effective contact with the heat-conducting cover plate, which has high reliability and can improve detection accuracy and response speed.

[0023] 2. In the heating plate temperature detection device of this utility model, the heat insulation plate can play a good role in heat insulation, preventing the heat of the heat-conducting cover plate from dissipating downwards, and providing good protection for the electrical components below. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a heating plate temperature detection device installed on a heating plate according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a heating plate temperature detection device of the present invention, viewed from another perspective when installed on the heating plate.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view of a heating plate temperature detection device installed on a heating plate according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of a heating plate temperature detection device according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of a heating plate temperature detection device according to this utility model from another cross-sectional direction.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a heating plate temperature detection device according to the present invention.

[0030] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the heating plate in this utility model.

[0031] Figure 8 This is an exploded view of a heating plate temperature detection device according to the present invention.

[0032] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the heat-conducting cover plate in this utility model.

[0033] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the support shell in this utility model.

[0034] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a heating plate temperature detection device according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To enable those skilled in the art to fully understand the technical solution of this utility model, the present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the implementation of this utility model is not limited thereto.

[0036] See Figures 1-6 This embodiment discloses a heating plate temperature detection device, including a heat-conducting cover plate 2, a heat insulation plate 3, and a temperature sensor 4; the heat-conducting cover plate 2 is used to guide the heat of the heating plate 1, the heat insulation plate 3 is disposed at the lower end of the heat-conducting cover plate 2, and the temperature sensor 4 includes a wire and a probe 4-1 connected to the wire, the probe 4-1 of the temperature sensor 4 is pressed and fixed between the heat-conducting cover plate 2 and the heat insulation plate 3.

[0037] See Figures 1-7 The heating plate 1 has a through hole 5 in the middle, and a stepped groove 1-1 at the upper end of the through hole 5. The heat-conducting cover plate 2 is disposed on the stepped groove 1-1. The purpose is to make the structure very compact, while also effectively guiding the heat of the heating plate 1. The temperature of the heating plate 1 can be obtained by measuring the temperature of the heat-conducting cover plate 2.

[0038] See Figures 1-11 The lower end of the heat-conducting cover plate 2 is provided with an upwardly recessed receiving groove 10, in which the probe 4-1 of the temperature sensor 4 is located. By setting the above mechanism, the receiving groove 10 is used to install the probe 4-1 of the temperature sensor 4. The heat insulation plate 3 and the heat-conducting cover plate 2 are pressed together, which clamps and fixes the probe 4-1 of the temperature sensor 4 in the receiving groove 10. This provides a limiting effect on the probe 4-1 of the temperature sensor 4, further improving the reliability of the fixation and ensuring that the probe 4-1 of the temperature sensor 4 can achieve effective contact with the heat-conducting cover plate 2.

[0039] See Figures 1-11 The wire of the temperature sensor 4 extends upward and then bends into the receiving groove 10 to connect with the probe 4-1. In the above structure, the purpose of extending the wire upward and then bending it into the receiving groove 10 is to ensure that the probe 4-1 of the temperature sensor 4 will not become loose. The bending of the wire into the receiving groove 10 can prevent the wire from becoming loose in the vertical direction, ensuring that the probe 4-1 of the temperature sensor 4 is always in contact with the heat-conducting cover plate 2, thereby improving the reliability, stability and accuracy of temperature measurement.

[0040] See Figures 1-11 The device also includes a supporting housing 8, with an inwardly extending inner plate 9 at its upper end and an annular mounting plate 6 at its lower end. The heat-conducting cover 2, the probe 4-1 of the temperature sensor 4, the heat insulation plate 3, the inner plate 9, and the annular mounting plate 6 are connected together by a riveting structure 7. The supporting housing 8 provides support for the entire heating plate temperature detection device. The annular mounting plate 6, in conjunction with the heat insulation plate 3, and the riveting structure 7, effectively clamps the inner plate 9 between the heat insulation plate 3 and the annular mounting plate 6, thus achieving a fixed connection between the supporting housing 8, the annular mounting plate 6, and the heat insulation plate 3. The annular mounting plate 6 better clamps and fixes the heat insulation plate 3 and also provides some heat insulation. The annular mounting plate 6 can be called the lower heat insulation plate, preventing the heat from the riveting structure 7 on the heat-conducting cover 2 from being directly transferred to the inner plate 9 and the supporting housing 8. The connection is stable and the structure is simple, thanks to the riveting structure 7.

[0041] See Figures 1-11 The supporting shell 8 is a cylindrical thin shell. The supporting shell 8 and the inner extension plate 9 are integrally formed. The inner extension plate 9 is a part of the supporting shell 8. Its purpose is to make the structure more compact.

[0042] See Figures 1-11The riveting structure 7 includes multiple rivets 7-1 disposed on the inner periphery of the heat-conducting cover plate 2. The rivets 7-1 extend downward from the inner periphery of the heat-conducting cover plate 2 and then fold outward, pressing against the lower end of the annular mounting plate 6. By setting the rivets 7-1, the heat-conducting cover plate 2, the heat insulation plate 3, the probe 4-1 of the temperature sensor 4, the annular mounting plate 6, and the inner extension plate 9 are riveted together. That is, the heat insulation plate 3, the probe 4-1 of the temperature sensor 4, the annular mounting plate 6, and the inner extension plate 9 are clamped and fixed between the heat-conducting cover plate 2 and the rivets 7-1, which can be reliably fixed, so that the probe 4-1 of the temperature sensor 4 can make good contact with the heat-conducting cover plate 2, and the heat transfer path is smoother; multiple rivets 7-1 can further improve the reliability of the connection. By setting the rivet 7-1, the use of rivets, screws and other connecting structures can be eliminated. The rivet 7-1 has a simple, stable and reliable function. The rivet 7-1 is pressed against the lower end of the annular mounting plate 6. The annular mounting plate 6 plays a good role in heat insulation for the rivet 7-1, preventing the heat of the rivet 7-1 from being transferred to the inner extension plate 9 and the support shell 8.

[0043] See Figures 1-11 The inner side of the annular mounting plate 6 is provided with a first clearance groove 6-1 to avoid each rivet 7-1. The inner side of the inner extension plate 9 is provided with multiple upwardly bent limiting pieces 9-1. The heat insulation plate 3 is provided with a limiting groove 3-1 at a position corresponding to the limiting piece 9-1. The limiting piece 9-1 extends into the limiting groove 3-1, and the position of the limiting piece 9-1 corresponds one-to-one with the position of the first clearance groove 6-1. By setting the above structure, it is convenient to position and install the heat insulation plate 3, the inner extension plate 9, and the annular mounting plate 6.

[0044] See Figures 1-11 One of the rivets 7-1 is larger than the others; the first clearance groove 6-1 corresponding to the largest rivet 7-1 is larger than the others; the limiting piece 9-1 corresponding to the largest rivet 7-1 is larger than the others; and the limiting groove 3-1 corresponding to the largest rivet 7-1 is larger than the others. The purpose of this arrangement is to ensure that the largest rivet 7-1, the largest first clearance groove 6-1, the largest limiting piece 9-1, and the largest limiting groove 3-1 are correctly positioned to prevent mistaken assembly.

[0045] See Figures 1-11The number of rivets 7-1 is four, and the four rivets 7-1 are evenly distributed along the circumference. Correspondingly, the number of the first clearance groove 6-1, the limiting piece 9-1, and the limiting groove 3-1 are also four, evenly distributed along the circumference. The rivets 7-1 and the heat-conducting cover plate 2 are integrally formed. This is to make the structure more compact and to improve installation stability. In other embodiments, the heat-conducting cover plate 2, the heat insulation plate 3, the probe 4-1 of the temperature sensor 4, the annular mounting plate 6, and the inner extension plate 9 can be riveted together or fixed together with screws.

[0046] See Figures 1-11 The receiving groove 10 is formed by stamping on the heat-conducting cover plate 2. The upper end surface of the heat-conducting cover plate 2 has a corresponding protrusion 11 at the position corresponding to the receiving groove 10. There are multiple receiving grooves 10, specifically, there are 8. The 8 receiving grooves 10 are distributed along the circumference. The purpose is to facilitate the installation of the probe 4-1. During installation, it is only necessary to move one of the receiving grooves 10 of the heat-conducting cover plate 2 to cover the probe 4-1. On the other hand, it can make the protrusions 11 more symmetrical and uniform, which has a decorative effect.

[0047] See Figures 1-11 The annular mounting plate 6, the inner extension plate 9, and the heat insulation plate 3 are all provided with second clearance grooves 12 for avoiding the wires of the temperature sensor 4; the opening direction of the second clearance groove 12 of the annular mounting plate 6 is opposite to the opening direction of the second clearance groove 12 of the heat insulation plate 3. By setting the second clearance groove 12, the wires of the temperature sensor 4 can be effectively avoided during installation, preventing interference during the installation of the temperature sensor 4; the opening direction of the second clearance groove 12 of the annular mounting plate 6 is opposite to the opening direction of the second clearance groove 12 of the heat insulation plate 3, and the enclosed space formed by the second clearance grooves 12 with opposite orientations can effectively position the wires of the temperature sensor 4, ensuring the stability of the installation of the temperature sensor 4.

[0048] See Figures 1-11 The wire of the temperature sensor 4 passes vertically through the second clearance groove 12 and then bends horizontally to extend into the receiving groove 10. The probe 4-1 is connected to the wire and located in the receiving groove 10. This structure facilitates the routing of the temperature sensor 4 and makes the structure very compact. The wire passes vertically through the second clearance groove 12, which horizontally limits the wire to prevent swaying. Combined with the horizontal bend extending into the receiving groove 10, this prevents the temperature sensor 4 from swaying left, right, up, or down, ensuring a secure installation.

[0049] See Figures 1-11 The heat-conducting cover plate 2, the heat insulation plate 3, and the inner extension plate 9 are all annular in shape.

[0050] See Figures 1-8 The heat-conducting cover 2 is made of aluminum, copper, an alloy, or other high thermal conductivity materials besides aluminum, copper, and alloys. Aluminum, copper, and alloys are all high thermal conductivity materials, which can effectively transfer the temperature of the heat-conducting cover 2 to the temperature sensor 4.

[0051] See Figures 1-8 The temperature sensor 4 is a thermocouple sensor; a protective sleeve 4-2 is provided on the wires of the temperature sensor 4. Thermocouple sensors have many advantages, such as simple structure, convenient manufacturing, wide measurement range, high accuracy, low inertia, and easy long-distance transmission of output signals. In this embodiment, the temperature measurement range of the thermocouple sensor is -40 to 704℃; the protective sleeve 4-2 is a high-temperature resistant fiberglass sleeve (a sleeve made of glass fiber), which can withstand temperatures above 400℃.

[0052] See Figures 1-8 The heat insulation board 3 is a mica board. Mica board has good heat insulation effect, and the material of the heat insulation board 3 can also be other high-temperature resistant heat insulation materials besides mica board.

[0053] See Figures 1-8 The working principle of the above-mentioned heating plate temperature detection device is as follows:

[0054] When the heating plate 1 is working, the heat generated is directly transferred to the heat-conducting cover plate 2. The heat-conducting cover plate 2 comes into contact with the probe 4-1 of the temperature sensor 4, allowing the temperature of the heat-conducting cover plate 2 to be measured, thereby obtaining the temperature of the heating plate 1. The heat insulation plate 3 provides excellent heat insulation, preventing the heat from the heat-conducting cover plate 2 from dissipating downwards and providing good protection for the electrical components below. The probe 4-1 of the temperature sensor 4 is pressed and fixed between the heat-conducting cover plate 2 and the heat insulation plate 3, ensuring a secure installation and preventing displacement or deformation. Even if the probe 4-1 does shift or deform, it maintains sufficient and effective contact with the heat-conducting cover plate 2, resulting in high reliability and improved detection accuracy.

[0055] The above are preferred embodiments of the present utility model, but the embodiments of the present utility model are not limited to the above content. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, or simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be considered equivalent substitutions and shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A heating plate temperature detection device, characterized in that, It includes a heat-conducting cover plate, a heat insulation plate, and a temperature sensor; the heat-conducting cover plate is used to guide the heat of the heating plate, the heat insulation plate is set at the lower end of the heat-conducting cover plate, and the probe of the temperature sensor is pressed and fixed between the heat-conducting cover plate and the heat insulation plate.

2. The heating plate temperature detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower end of the heat-conducting cover plate is provided with an upwardly recessed receiving groove, and the probe of the temperature sensor is located in the receiving groove.

3. The heating plate temperature detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The wire of the temperature sensor extends upwards, then bends and extends into the receiving groove to connect with the probe.

4. The heating plate temperature detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a support housing, the upper end of which is provided with an inwardly extending inner plate, and the lower end of which is provided with an annular mounting plate. The heat-conducting cover plate, the temperature sensor probe, the heat insulation plate, the inner plate, and the annular mounting plate are connected together by a riveting structure.

5. The heating plate temperature detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The riveting structure includes multiple rivets disposed on the inner periphery of the heat-conducting cover plate. The rivets extend downward from the inner periphery of the heat-conducting cover plate and then fold outward to abut against the lower end of the annular mounting plate.

6. The heating plate temperature detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The inner side of the annular mounting plate is provided with a first clearance groove for avoiding each rivet. The inner side of the inner extension plate is provided with multiple upwardly bent limiting pieces. The heat insulation plate is provided with a limiting groove at the position corresponding to the limiting piece. The limiting piece extends into the limiting groove. The position of the limiting piece corresponds one-to-one with the position of the first clearance groove.

7. The heating plate temperature detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that, One of the rivets is larger than the others; the first clearance groove corresponding to the largest rivet is larger than the other first clearance grooves; the limiting piece corresponding to the largest rivet is larger than the other limiting pieces; and the limiting groove corresponding to the largest rivet is larger than the other limiting grooves.

8. The heating plate temperature detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The annular mounting plate, the inner extension plate, and the heat insulation plate are all provided with a second clearance groove for avoiding the wires of the temperature sensor. The opening of the second clearance groove of the annular mounting plate faces the opposite direction to the opening of the second clearance groove of the heat insulation plate. The wires of the temperature sensor pass vertically through the second clearance groove and then bend horizontally to extend into the receiving groove.

9. The heating plate temperature detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material of the heat-conducting cover plate is, but is not limited to, high thermal conductivity materials such as aluminum, copper, or alloys; the material of the heat insulation plate is, but is not limited to, high temperature resistant heat insulation materials such as mica.

10. A heating plate temperature detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The temperature sensor is a thermocouple sensor; the wires of the temperature sensor are provided with a protective sleeve, which is resistant to high temperatures above 400°C and is made of glass fiber material.

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