Rock sample single-side tension shear test device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rock sample single-sided tension shear test device, the test device comprises a tensile stress applying device, a shear stress applying device and a support buffer device, the tensile stress applying device comprises a pressed top plate, a U-shaped dowel bar and a bearing plate, the shear stress applying device comprises a buffer cushion layer, a slide rail clamping groove, a U-shaped support sleeve and a support bottom plate, the supporting and buffering device comprises a buffering cushion layer, a sliding rail clamping groove, a U-shaped supporting suite and a supporting bottom plate, the device can simulate the stress condition of a target rock sample in the tension-shear state, the problem that a traditional test method focuses on single tension or shear failure is solved, and compared with an existing rock tension-shear tester in a laboratory, the test efficiency is greatly improved. The device has the advantages of simple structure and accurate measurement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of rock sample tensile-shear failure testing technology, specifically a rock sample single-sided tensile-shear testing device. Background Technology

[0002] Tensile-shear failure of rocks is crucial in geotechnical engineering. In underground engineering, such as tunnel excavation, the surrounding rock is subjected to complex geostress. When the stress state is a combination of tension and shear, the rock may experience tensile-shear failure. This failure mode commonly occurs in rock slopes, sidewalls of underground chambers, and other similar locations. Traditional analytical methods often focus on single tensile or shear failure, with limited research on combined tensile-shear failure, which is closer to actual working conditions. Due to the high cost and technical limitations of experimental methods, as well as the inherent inhomogeneity and complexity of rock materials, the failure behavior of rocks under tensile-shear conditions is difficult to study. Therefore, it is necessary to invent a single-sided tensile-shear testing device for rock samples. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to overcome the above-mentioned technical defects.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows: a rock sample single-sided tensile shear test device, including a buffer pad, a pressure-bearing top plate, a slide rail groove, a U-shaped force transmission rod, an I-shaped slide rail, a rock sample fixing upper kit, a rock sample fixing lower kit, a U-shaped support kit, a support plate, a support base plate, and a cuboid rock sample.

[0005] The tensile stress application device includes a compression top plate, a U-shaped force transmission member, and a support plate. The compression top plate and the U-shaped force transmission member are connected by adhesive bonding, and the U-shaped force transmission member and the support plate are connected by adhesive bonding. It is used to apply tensile stress to the cuboid rock sample during the test.

[0006] The support and buffer device includes a buffer pad, a slide rail slot, a U-shaped support kit, and a support base plate. The buffer pad and the U-shaped support kit are connected by adhesive bonding, the slide rail slot and the U-shaped support kit are connected by welding, and the U-shaped support kit and the support base plate are connected by welding. This device is used to reduce the damage to the device caused by the direct collision between the pressure plate and the U-shaped support kit when the cuboid sample is damaged.

[0007] The shear stress application device includes an I-shaped slide rail, an upper rock sample fixing kit, and a lower rock sample fixing kit. The I-shaped slide rail is slidably connected to the slide rail slot. The upper rock sample fixing kit and the lower rock sample fixing kit are connected to the support plate by interlocking compression through the I-shaped slide rail. It is used to apply the shear stress on the cuboid rock sample during the test.

[0008] The vertical columns on both sides of the U-shaped support kit are hollow with closed outer sides, and have an opening of a certain length on the lower inner side. The U-shaped force transmission rod, the pressure-bearing top plate, and the support platform plate are welded together. The U-shaped support kit, the support base plate, and the slide rail slots are welded together. The U-shaped force transmission rod is inserted into the U-shaped support kit through the pre-reserved hollow opening. The U-shaped support kit and the U-shaped force transmission rod are slidably connected. The pressure-bearing top plate is welded to the U-shaped force transmission rod, and the support base plate is welded to the U-shaped support kit. Under its own weight, the pressure-bearing top plate rests against the buffer layer. The buffer layer is bonded to the U-shaped support kit with high-strength structural adhesive. The buffer layer is made of rubber material to reduce the impact of the test. When the rectangular rock sample is damaged, the device is damaged due to direct collision between the pressure plate and the U-shaped support kit. High-strength structural adhesive is applied to the upper surface of the support plate, and the rectangular rock sample is placed on the upper surface of the support plate to bond with the support plate. The lower and upper rock sample fixing kits are then fitted onto the rectangular rock sample from bottom to top through the pre-reserved square holes. The slide rail slots and the I-shaped slide rails are connected by sliding. High-strength structural adhesive is applied to the lower surface of the I-shaped slide rails. The U-shaped force transmission rod is pulled upward to make the upper surface of the rectangular rock sample contact the lower surface of the I-shaped slide rails, bonding the lower surface of the I-shaped slide rails to the upper surface of the rectangular rock sample. After the bonding strength is reached, the loading of the rectangular rock sample is completed.

[0009] Preferably, the rock sample single-sided shearing device is made entirely of high-quality steel.

[0010] Preferably, all components of the single-sided shearing device for rock samples can be manufactured and installed according to construction requirements.

[0011] Preferably, all components of the single-sided tensile shear test device for rock samples are treated with rust prevention technology.

[0012] The advantages of this invention compared to existing technologies are as follows:

[0013] This invention can directly perform tensile-shear failure tests on cuboid rock samples, solving the problem that traditional testing methods focus on single tensile or shear failure. Compared with existing rock tensile-shear testing instruments in the laboratory, this device has the advantages of simple structure and accurate measurement. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of a rock sample single-sided tensile shear test device according to the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a front elevation schematic diagram of a single-sided tensile shear test device for rock samples according to this utility model.

[0016] Figure 3 This is an overall schematic diagram of a rock sample single-sided tensile shear test device according to the present invention.

[0017] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the upper rock sample fixing kit, the lower rock sample fixing kit, and the cuboid rock sample in a single-sided tensile shear test device for rock samples according to this utility model.

[0018] As shown in the figure: 1. Buffer pad; 2. Pressure-bearing top plate; 3. Slide rail slot; 4. U-shaped force transmission rod; 5. I-shaped slide rail; 6. Upper rock sample fixing kit; 7. Lower rock sample fixing kit; 8. U-shaped support kit; 9. Foundation plate; 10. Support base plate; 11. Rectangular rock sample. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Identical components are indicated by the same reference numerals.

[0020] It should be noted that the terms “front,” “back,” “left,” “right,” “up,” and “down” used in the following description refer to the directions shown in the attached diagram, while the terms “inside” and “outside” refer to the directions toward or away from the geometric center of a specific component, respectively.

[0021] To make the content of this utility model easier to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a single-sided tensile-shear test device for rock samples includes a buffer pad 1, a pressure-bearing top plate 2, a slide rail groove 3, a U-shaped force transmission rod 4, an I-shaped slide rail 5, an upper rock sample fixing kit 6, a lower rock sample fixing kit 7, a U-shaped support kit 8, a support plate 9, a support base plate 10, and a cuboid rock sample 11.

[0023] The tensile stress application device includes a compression top plate 2, a U-shaped force transmission member 4, and a support plate 9. The compression top plate 2 and the U-shaped force transmission member 4 are connected by adhesive bonding, and the U-shaped force transmission member 4 and the support plate 9 are connected by adhesive bonding. It is used to apply tensile stress to the cuboid rock sample in the test.

[0024] The support and buffer device includes a buffer pad 1, a slide rail slot 3, a U-shaped support kit 8, and a support base plate 10. The buffer pad 1 and the U-shaped support kit 8 are connected by adhesive bonding, the slide rail slot 3 and the U-shaped support kit 8 are connected by welding, and the U-shaped support kit 8 and the support base plate 10 are connected by welding. This device is used to reduce the damage to the device caused by the direct collision between the pressure plate 2 and the U-shaped support kit 8 when the cuboid sample 11 is damaged.

[0025] The shear stress application device includes an I-shaped slide rail 5, an upper rock sample fixing kit 6, and a lower rock sample fixing kit 7. The I-shaped slide rail 5 is slidably connected to the slide rail groove 3. The upper rock sample fixing kit 6 and the lower rock sample fixing kit 7 are connected to the support plate 9 by interleaved pressing through the I-shaped slide rail 5, which is used to apply the shear stress on the cuboid rock sample 11 in the test.

[0026] Before the test begins, the single-sided tensile-shear test apparatus for rock samples is assembled. The two vertical columns of the U-shaped support kit 8 are hollow with closed outer sides, and a certain length of opening is left on the lower inner side. The U-shaped force transmission rod 4, the pressure-bearing top plate 2, and the support plate 9 are welded together. The U-shaped support kit 8, the support base plate 10, and the slide rail slot 3 are welded together. The U-shaped force transmission rod 4 is inserted into the U-shaped support kit 8 through the reserved hollow opening. The U-shaped support kit 8 and the U-shaped force transmission rod 4 are slidably connected. The pressure-bearing top plate 2 is welded to the U-shaped force transmission rod 4. The support base plate 10 is welded to the U-shaped support kit 8, so that the pressure-bearing top plate 2 rests against the buffer pad 1 under its own weight. The buffer pad 1 is bonded to the U-shaped support kit 8 with high-strength structural adhesive. The buffer pad 1 is made of rubber. To mitigate damage to the rectangular rock sample during testing, and to prevent device damage caused by direct collision between the pressure plate 2 and the U-shaped support kit 8, high-strength structural adhesive is applied to the upper surface of the support plate 9. The rectangular rock sample 11 is then placed on the upper surface of the support plate 9 and bonded to it. The lower rock sample fixing kit 7 and the upper rock sample fixing kit 6 are then fitted onto the rectangular rock sample 11 from bottom to top through pre-reserved square holes in a staggered manner. The slide rail slot 3 and the I-shaped slide rail 5 are connected by sliding. High-strength structural adhesive is applied to the lower surface of the I-shaped slide rail 5. The U-shaped force transmission rod 4 is pulled upward to bring the upper surface of the rectangular rock sample 11 into contact with the lower surface of the I-shaped slide rail 5, bonding the lower surface of the I-shaped slide rail 5 to the upper surface of the rectangular rock sample 11. Once the bonding strength is reached, the rectangular rock sample 11 is complete.

[0027] During the test, the assembled rock sample single-sided tensile-shear test device was placed on a true three-dimensional multi-scale simulation test machine. The vertical pressure plate 12 of the three-dimensional multi-scale simulation test machine was used to apply vertical pressure to the top plate under pressure, so that the rock sample was in a tensile state, but not exceeding its ultimate tensile strength. The rear pressure plate 13 of the three-dimensional multi-scale simulation test machine was used to apply horizontal axial force from the rear of the rock sample single-sided tensile-shear test device, so that it just contacted the lower fixing kit 7 of the rock sample. Then, the front pressure plate 14 of the three-dimensional multi-scale simulation test machine was used to apply horizontal axial force from the front of the rock sample single-sided tensile-shear test device, so that it just contacted the upper fixing kit 6 of the rock sample. The rear pressure plate 13 of the three-dimensional multi-scale simulation test machine was kept stationary. Pressure was slowly applied through the front pressure plate 14 of the three-dimensional multi-scale simulation test machine and the data was recorded. Finally, the failure value of the cuboid rock sample 11 in the tensile-shear test was obtained.

[0028] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive, and the accompanying drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. In conclusion, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the inventive spirit of the present invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A single-sided tensile-shear test device for rock samples, characterized in that: The test apparatus includes a tensile stress application device, a shear stress application device, and a support and buffer device; The tensile stress application device includes a pressure-bearing top plate (2), a U-shaped force transmission rod (4), and a support plate (9). The pressure-bearing top plate (2) and the U-shaped force transmission rod (4) are connected by adhesive bonding, and the U-shaped force transmission rod (4) and the support plate (9) are connected by adhesive bonding. The support and buffer device includes a buffer pad (1), a slide rail slot (3), a U-shaped support kit (8), and a support base plate (10). The buffer pad (1) and the U-shaped support kit (8) are connected by adhesive bonding, the slide rail slot (3) and the U-shaped support kit (8) are connected by welding, and the U-shaped support kit (8) and the support base plate (10) are connected by welding. The shear stress application device includes an I-shaped slide rail (5), an upper rock sample fixing kit (6), and a lower rock sample fixing kit (7). The I-shaped slide rail (5) is slidably connected to the slide rail groove (3), and the upper rock sample fixing kit (6) and the lower rock sample fixing kit (7) are connected to the support plate (9) by interleaved pressing through the I-shaped slide rail (5).

2. The rock sample single-sided tensile shear test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer pad layer (1) is bonded to the U-shaped support kit (8) with high-strength structural adhesive. The U-shaped force transmission rod (4) is connected to the pressure top plate (2) and the support plate (9) by welding. The U-shaped support kit (8) is connected to the support bottom plate (10) and the slide rail slot (3) by welding. The slide rail slot (3) is connected to the I-shaped slide rail (5) by sliding. The U-shaped support kit (8) is connected to the U-shaped force transmission rod (4) by sliding. The cuboid rock sample (11) is used as the test block for tensile shear test. It is bonded to the I-shaped slide rail (5) and the support plate (9) with high-strength structural adhesive. The upper rock sample fixing kit (6) and the lower rock sample fixing kit (7) are fitted into the cuboid rock sample (11) through a reserved square hole and are in contact with the support plate (9) by the I-shaped slide rail (5) through misaligned compression.

3. The rock sample single-sided tensile shear test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The single-sided shearing device for rock samples is made entirely of high-quality steel.

4. The rock sample single-sided tensile shear test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: All the rock sample single-sided tensile shear test devices are treated with rust prevention technology.

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