Photovoltaic system detection module

Abstract

The utility model relates to a photovoltaic system detection module. The module specifically comprises an embedded calculation unit, and a temperature sensor, an illumination sensor, a current sensor, a voltage sensor and a wireless communication module which are in signal connection with the embedded calculation unit. The temperature sensor comprises two paths of measuring terminals which are respectively arranged on the surface of the photovoltaic module and the outer side of the photovoltaic module and respectively collect temperature signals of the surface of the photovoltaic module and the environment; the environment temperature signal output port of the temperature sensor is connected to the temperature signal inlet end of the temperature compensation loop in the illumination sensor and the current sensor. Compared with the prior art, the photovoltaic system detection module provided by the utility model can adapt to an outdoor severe environment and ensure the detection precision of the sensor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of online monitoring technology for photovoltaic power generation systems, and in particular to an integrated standardized testing module for photovoltaic systems. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, photovoltaic (PV) power generation systems are widely used in highway service areas, industrial and commercial rooftop power stations, and other scenarios. However, existing PV monitoring systems have the following shortcomings:

[0003] 1) Sensors and monitoring equipment are scattered and have inconsistent interfaces: In existing photovoltaic systems, sensors for light, temperature, voltage, current and other parameters are usually installed separately and the equipment interface standards are not consistent, which leads to complex data acquisition and management, low system integration and high maintenance costs.

[0004] 2) Lack of real-time online monitoring and dynamic maintenance capabilities: Traditional photovoltaic monitoring equipment mostly relies on timed manual inspections, which cannot collect data in real time and perform remote analysis and adjustment, resulting in delayed fault detection and affecting system operating efficiency.

[0005] 3) Limited data processing capabilities: Existing systems typically upload all data directly to the server, lacking local data preprocessing capabilities, resulting in a heavy server load and high data transmission costs. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, such as the dispersed arrangement of sensors and monitoring equipment, high detection errors, and limited data processing capabilities, and to provide an integrated standardized detection module for photovoltaic systems.

[0007] The objective of this utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A photovoltaic system detection module, the module comprising: an embedded computing unit and a temperature sensor, a light sensor, a current sensor, a voltage sensor, and a wireless communication module connected to the embedded computing unit via signal connection;

[0009] The temperature sensor includes two measurement terminals, which are respectively installed on the surface of the photovoltaic module and the outside of the photovoltaic module, and respectively collect the surface temperature signal of the photovoltaic module and the ambient temperature signal. The ambient temperature signal output port of the temperature sensor is connected to the temperature signal input port of the temperature compensation circuit in the light sensor and the current sensor.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, the detection module adopts an integrated package, with the sensor, wireless communication module and embedded computing unit integrated into a sealed housing.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution, the measurement terminal is equipped with an NTC thermistor or thermocouple, and the measurement terminal is equipped with a waterproof encapsulation shell.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, the temperature sensor is model MAX31875.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, the light sensor includes a silicon photodetector and a temperature compensation circuit.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution, the temperature compensation circuit includes a first operational amplifier. The ambient temperature signal output port of the temperature sensor is then input to the positive input terminal of the first operational amplifier along with the output signal of the silicon photodetector after passing through a resistor. The negative input terminal of the first operational amplifier is grounded through a resistor. The output terminal of the first operational amplifier is grounded through a resistor and fed back to the negative input terminal of the first operational amplifier through a pair of series resistors and a potentiometer.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution, the silicon photodetector is an S1133-8BK silicon photodiode.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution, the current sensor adopts a Hall effect current sensor, which is set on the outside of the inverter output cable to perform non-contact measurement of the current.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution, the Hall effect current sensor is an MLX91208 integrated linear Hall sensor, which integrates a temperature compensation module. The ambient temperature signal output interface of the temperature sensor is connected to the temperature signal input interface of the temperature compensation module.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution, the voltage output port of the photovoltaic module is provided with a voltage divider acquisition structure. The two ends of the voltage divider resistor are connected to a surge protection module. The output of the surge protection module is connected to a voltage follower. The output of the voltage follower is input to a low-pass filter circuit. The output of the low-pass filter circuit is then output to the embedded computing unit after passing through an ADC analog-to-digital converter.

[0019] The voltage follower includes a second operational amplifier, whose positive and negative input terminals are connected to the negative and positive terminals of a voltage divider resistor, respectively. The positive input terminal of the second operational amplifier is grounded through a resistor, and its output terminal is fed back to the negative input terminal through a resistor. The output terminal of the voltage follower and the reference voltage are connected to the positive input terminal of a third operational amplifier after passing through a resistor. The positive and negative input terminals of the third operational amplifier are grounded through a resistor, and its output terminal is fed back to the negative input terminal of the third operational amplifier through a set of parallel resistors and capacitors.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1) This utility model integrates the light, temperature, voltage and current sensors in a photovoltaic system into one module. The temperature sensor is equipped with one terminal for ambient temperature, and both the light sensor and the current sensor are equipped with temperature compensation circuits. Through real-time hardware temperature compensation, the detection accuracy of the sensors is improved.

[0022] 2) This invention employs integrated packaging, with all sensors, computing units, and wireless communication modules integrated into a single sealed housing, adapting to harsh outdoor environments (high temperature, rain, snow, sandstorms). It utilizes standardized mounting interfaces, allowing direct mounting to the photovoltaic module frame, bracket, or near the inverter for easy deployment and maintenance. With an IP67 protection rating, it ensures long-term stable operation and reduces the impact of the external environment on the sensors. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a standardized testing module for an integrated photovoltaic system according to this utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram for light data acquisition in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a voltage data acquisition circuit diagram in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] The following components are labeled on the diagram: 1. Temperature sensor, 2. Light sensor, 3. Current sensor, 4. Voltage sensor, 5. Wireless communication module, 6. Embedded computing unit. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. This embodiment is based on the technical solution of the present invention and provides detailed implementation methods and specific operating procedures; however, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0028] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0029] The following detailed description of some embodiments of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] The purpose of this invention is to provide a standardized detection module with a simple structure and convenient installation. By integrating essential sensors and computing units, it enables online real-time acquisition, data preprocessing, and uploading of photovoltaic system operating parameters, while also supporting dynamic maintenance and fault early warning. The main technical solutions are as follows:

[0032] This utility model provides an integrated standardized testing module for photovoltaic systems, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it mainly includes the following six parts: temperature sensor 1, used to monitor the temperature of the module and the environment; light sensor 2, used to measure light intensity; current sensor 3, used to measure the output current of the photovoltaic module; voltage sensor 4, used to measure the output voltage of the photovoltaic module; Wi-Fi wireless communication module 5, used for data uploading and remote management; and embedded computing unit 6, used for data processing, anomaly detection and local storage.

[0033] The detection module adopts an integrated housing design, integrating sensors for light, temperature, voltage, and current, a Wi-Fi wireless communication module 5, and an embedded computing unit 6 into a sealed protective housing. The housing is made of high-strength ABS plastic or metal alloy material, which has waterproof, dustproof, and high-temperature resistance properties, ensuring long-term stable operation of the module in harsh environments.

[0034] The module has multiple pre-installed sensor interfaces, connecting to temperature sensor 1, light sensor 2, current sensor 3, and voltage sensor 4 respectively. The data acquisition frequency is adjustable, typically acquiring data once per second. The embedded computing unit 6 is responsible for preprocessing the raw data acquired by the sensors, including filtering, normalization, and anomaly labeling, ensuring data accuracy and reliability. All preprocessed data is output through a standardized interface for subsequent centralized uploading to a remote monitoring platform.

[0035] The module is equipped with a wireless communication unit 5 (supporting 4G / Wi-Fi) to enable real-time data upload and remote control. Data transmission uses an encrypted transmission protocol to ensure information security. The standardized interface also supports future expansion, such as connecting more new sensors or upgrading the communication module.

[0036] This module features an integrated package, with all sensors, computing units, and wireless communication modules housed within a sealed enclosure, making it suitable for harsh outdoor environments (high temperatures, rain, snow, and sandstorms). It utilizes standardized mounting interfaces, allowing direct mounting to the photovoltaic module frame, bracket, or near the inverter for easy deployment and maintenance. With an IP67 protection rating, it ensures long-term stable operation and minimizes the impact of external environmental factors on the sensors.

[0037] Temperature sensor 1 has two measurement channels, each connected to a measurement terminal. One measurement terminal is positioned on the surface of the photovoltaic module to measure its temperature; the other is positioned on the outside of the photovoltaic module to measure the ambient temperature. The temperature sensor uses a MAX31875 chip. The acquired photovoltaic module and ambient temperatures are output to the embedded computing unit 6 via two signal interfaces. The ambient temperature signal output interface is also connected to light sensor 2 and current sensor 3 to provide temperature compensation signals. The measurement terminal incorporates an NTC thermistor or thermocouple, with a measurement range of -40℃ to +125℃. The terminal's casing is waterproof, suitable for long-term outdoor use.

[0038] Light sensor 2 employs a high-precision silicon photodetector, specifically the S1133-8BK silicon photodiode, with a measurement range of 400nm to 1100nm. The signal output of the silicon photodiode is connected to the temperature compensation circuit, while the ambient temperature signal output interface of temperature sensor 1 (MAX31875) is connected to the temperature input terminal of the temperature compensation circuit. For example... Figure 2 The temperature compensation circuit includes temperature compensation based on the current ambient temperature to reduce the impact of high or low temperatures on the measurement accuracy of the light sensor 2. The light sensor 2 outputs data via an RS485 / Modbus interface, making it compatible with photovoltaic systems from different brands.

[0039] The current sensor 3 employs a Hall effect current sensor. Specifically, in this embodiment, the current sensor 3 is an MLX91208 integrated linear Hall sensor with a measurement range of 0A to 100A. This sensor also integrates a temperature compensation module. The ambient temperature signal output interface of the temperature sensor 1 is connected to the temperature signal input interface of the built-in temperature compensation module. Temperature compensation ensures measurement accuracy under different environments. The Hall sensor can be directly installed on the outside of the inverter output and output cables for non-contact current measurement, reducing installation complexity and improving system safety.

[0040] Voltage sensor 4 employs high-precision voltage divider measurement + ADC conversion technology, capable of measuring DC voltages from 0V to 1000V. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the voltage divider resistor is connected to the surge protection module to prevent damage to the equipment from lightning or sudden voltage fluctuations. The output of the surge protection module is connected to the voltage follower based on the operational amplifier. The output of the voltage follower is then passed through a low-pass filter circuit to reduce electromagnetic interference and improve measurement stability. Finally, the filtered output is sent to the embedded computing unit 6 through an ADC analog-to-digital converter.

[0041] The wireless communication module 5 uses an ESP32 or 4G LTE wireless module, supports Wi-Fi and 4G / 5G network transmission, and seamlessly integrates with mainstream cloud platforms via MQTT / HTTP data upload protocols.

[0042] Embedded computing unit 6 uses an ARM Cortex-A series processor and runs Linux or RTOS (real-time operating system). It is capable of performing common edge computing functions such as data filtering and anomaly detection, reducing the computing load on the server and improving response speed.

[0043] The standardized detection module provided by this utility model can also be equipped with multiple reserved expansion interfaces to connect additional sensors, such as wind speed and humidity sensors, to realize the expansion of system functions.

[0044] The preferred embodiments of this utility model have been described in detail above. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make numerous modifications and variations based on the concept of this utility model without creative effort. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on the concept of this utility model through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation on the basis of existing technology should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic system testing module, characterized in that, The module includes: an embedded computing unit (6) and a temperature sensor (1), a light sensor (2), a current sensor (3), a voltage sensor (4), and a wireless communication module (5) connected to the embedded computing unit (6); The temperature sensor (1) includes two measurement terminals, which are respectively set on the surface of the photovoltaic module and the outside of the photovoltaic module, and respectively collect the surface temperature signal of the photovoltaic module and the ambient temperature signal. The ambient temperature signal output port of the temperature sensor (1) is respectively connected to the temperature signal input port of the temperature compensation circuit in the light sensor (2) and the current sensor (3).

2. The photovoltaic system testing module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection module is integrated into a single package, with the sensor, wireless communication module (5), and embedded computing unit (6) all integrated into a sealed housing.

3. The photovoltaic system testing module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The measurement terminal is equipped with an NTC thermistor or thermocouple and has a waterproof encapsulation shell.

4. A photovoltaic system testing module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature sensor (1) is model MAX31875.

5. A photovoltaic system testing module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light sensor (2) includes a silicon photodetector and a temperature compensation circuit.

6. A photovoltaic system testing module according to claim 5, characterized in that, The temperature compensation circuit includes a first operational amplifier. The ambient temperature signal output port of the temperature sensor (1) is then input to the positive input terminal of the first operational amplifier along with the output signal of the silicon photodetector after passing through a resistor. The negative input terminal of the first operational amplifier is grounded through a resistor. The output terminal of the first operational amplifier is grounded through a resistor and fed back to the negative input terminal of the first operational amplifier through a pair of series resistors and a potentiometer.

7. A photovoltaic system testing module according to claim 5, characterized in that, The silicon photodetector is an S1133-8BK silicon photodiode.

8. A photovoltaic system testing module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The current sensor (3) is a Hall effect current sensor, which is set on the outside of the inverter output cable to perform non-contact measurement of the current.

9. A photovoltaic system testing module according to claim 8, characterized in that, The Hall effect current sensor is an MLX91208 integrated linear Hall sensor, which integrates a temperature compensation module. The ambient temperature signal output interface of the temperature sensor (1) is connected to the temperature signal input interface of the temperature compensation module.

10. A photovoltaic system testing module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The voltage output port of the photovoltaic module is equipped with a voltage divider acquisition structure. The two ends of the voltage divider resistor are connected to the surge protection module. The output end of the surge protection module is connected to the voltage follower. The output end of the voltage follower is input to the low-pass filter circuit. The output of the low-pass filter circuit is output to the embedded computing unit (6) after passing through the ADC analog-to-digital converter. The voltage follower includes a second operational amplifier, whose positive and negative input terminals are connected to the negative and positive terminals of a voltage divider resistor, respectively. The positive input terminal of the second operational amplifier is grounded through a resistor, and its output terminal is fed back to the negative input terminal through a resistor. The output terminal of the voltage follower and the reference voltage are connected to the positive input terminal of a third operational amplifier after passing through a resistor. The positive and negative input terminals of the third operational amplifier are grounded through a resistor, and its output terminal is fed back to the negative input terminal of the third operational amplifier through a set of parallel resistors and capacitors.

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