Fire rescue indoor positioning early warning system

Abstract

The utility model discloses an indoor positioning and early warning system for fire rescue. The indoor positioning and early warning system comprises a UWB positioning tag, a UWB positioning base station, an inertial sensor, a vibration motor, a temperature sensor, a gas sensor module, a tilt angle sensor, an alarm device, a call button, a satellite communication module and a microcontroller, the UWB positioning base station is connected with the UWB positioning tag, the UWB positioning tag, the inertial sensor, the vibration motor, the temperature sensor, the gas sensor module, the tilt angle sensor, the alarm device and the call button are all connected with the microcontroller, and the microcontroller is connected with the satellite communication module. The UWB positioning system can still realize centimeter-level positioning precision in a complex indoor rescue environment, such as interference of smoke, high temperature, building structures and the like in a fire scene.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of indoor positioning technology, and in particular to an indoor positioning and early warning system for fire rescue. Background Technology

[0002] In disaster relief and rescue operations, rescuers need to enter dangerous indoor environments to carry out rescue, firefighting, and other tasks. However, indoor rescue environments are extremely complex and dangerous, posing numerous challenges to the safety of rescuers and the efficiency of rescue operations.

[0003] Currently, traditional indoor positioning methods have significant limitations. For example, positioning technologies based on Wi-Fi and Bluetooth are easily affected by obstacles and signal interference in the indoor environment, leading to a significant decrease in positioning accuracy. This makes it difficult for command centers to grasp the real-time location of rescue personnel indoors, hindering timely and effective command of rescue operations and increasing the difficulty and risk of rescue work.

[0004] In terms of early warning, existing indoor rescue equipment is insufficient in monitoring the condition of rescuers and the dangers of the surrounding environment, and cannot issue effective early warnings quickly when danger occurs. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the problems of inaccurate positioning and inability to provide timely warnings in existing technologies, this utility model provides an indoor positioning and early warning system for fire rescue.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this utility model is:

[0007] A fire rescue indoor positioning and early warning system includes a UWB positioning tag, a UWB positioning base station, an inertial sensor, a vibration motor, a temperature sensor, a gas sensor module, a tilt sensor, an alarm device, a call button, a satellite communication module, and a microcontroller.

[0008] The UWB positioning base station is connected to the UWB positioning tag. The UWB positioning tag, inertial sensor, vibration motor, temperature sensor, gas sensor module, tilt sensor, alarm device, and call button are all connected to the microcontroller, which is connected to the satellite communication module.

[0009] Preferably, the system also includes a lidar sensor and a geomagnetic sensor, wherein the lidar sensor is connected to the microcontroller and the geomagnetic sensor is connected to the microcontroller.

[0010] Preferably, the device also includes a battery power monitor and a signal strength detector, which are respectively connected to the microcontroller.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes a LoRa communication module and a Mesh self-organizing network unit, wherein the LoRa module is connected in parallel with the satellite communication module, and the Mesh unit is integrated inside the UWB positioning base station.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes bone conduction headphones, which are connected to the microcontroller via Bluetooth protocol.

[0013] Preferably, the inertial sensor includes a three-axis accelerometer and a three-axis gyroscope, which are connected to the microcontroller.

[0014] Preferably, the gas sensor module includes a carbon monoxide sensor, a hydrogen sulfide sensor, and an oxygen sensor, which are respectively connected to the microcontroller.

[0015] Preferably, the alarm device includes an audible and visual alarm and a buzzer, which are respectively connected to the microcontroller.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are at least one of the following:

[0017] This invention employs a positioning method combining UWB (Ultra-Wideband) positioning tags and UWB positioning base stations. UWB technology features high precision and strong anti-interference capabilities. Compared to traditional positioning technologies based on Wi-Fi and Bluetooth, it effectively avoids the impact of obstacles and signal interference in indoor environments on positioning accuracy. Even in complex indoor rescue environments, such as those with smoke, high temperatures, and structural interference from fire scenes, the UWB positioning system can still achieve centimeter-level positioning accuracy.

[0018] Inertial sensors can also monitor the movement of rescue personnel. If a rescuer is detected to be stationary for an extended period of time, the microcontroller will trigger a vibration motor to alert the rescuer and simultaneously issue an alarm. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a system structure block diagram in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a structural block diagram of the gas sensing module in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a structural block diagram of a device with a lidar sensor and a geomagnetic sensor in an embodiment of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this utility model are only used to explain this utility model and are not intended to limit this utility model.

[0023] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these specific details are not necessary to implement the present invention. In other embodiments, well-known structures, circuits, materials, or methods are not specifically described in order to avoid obscuring the present invention.

[0024] Throughout this specification, references to "an embodiment," "an example," or "an example" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, the phrases "an embodiment," "an example," "an example," or "an example" appearing in various places throughout the specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, specific features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in one or more embodiments or examples in any suitable combination and / or sub-combination. Moreover, those skilled in the art will understand that the illustrations provided herein are for illustrative purposes and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0025] In the description of this utility model, the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "up", "down", "vertical", "horizontal", "high", "low", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the system or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] This embodiment provides an indoor positioning and early warning system for fire rescue, such as Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a UWB positioning tag, a UWB positioning base station, an inertial sensor, a vibration motor, a temperature sensor, a gas sensor module, a tilt sensor, an alarm device, a call button, a satellite communication module, and a microcontroller. The UWB positioning base station is connected to the UWB positioning tag. The UWB positioning tag, inertial sensor, vibration motor, temperature sensor, gas sensor module, tilt sensor, alarm device, and call button are all connected to the microcontroller, which is connected to the satellite communication module.

[0028] It should be noted that this application does not modify the UWB positioning tag, UWB positioning base station, inertial sensor, vibration motor, temperature sensor, gas sensor module, tilt sensor, alarm device, call button, satellite communication module, or microcontroller itself. In specific implementation, the UWB positioning tag model can be VDU1506, the UWB positioning base station model can be VDU2506, the inertial sensor model can be IAM-20680, the vibration motor model can be AM-3020R, the temperature sensor model can be MAX6675, the tilt sensor model can be SCA100T-D01, the call button model can be LA38-11Y, the satellite communication module model can be E108-GN03B, and the microcontroller model can be STM32H743.

[0029] For reference, UWB positioning tags are typically worn on the protective gear of rescue personnel, while UWB positioning base stations are pre-positioned in suitable locations within the indoor rescue area. The two are connected via ultra-wideband wireless signals; the UWB positioning tags continuously emit signals carrying their own identification information, and the UWB positioning base stations receive these signals to achieve high-precision location tracking of the rescue personnel.

[0030] For reference, in one example, the inertial sensor includes a three-axis accelerometer and a three-axis gyroscope, which are connected to the microcontroller. In indoor rescue environments, while UWB positioning offers high accuracy, the signal may be blocked or interfered with by factors such as building structure and obstacles. For instance, in the rubble of a collapsed building, UWB signals may not transmit normally at times. Inertial sensors can sense the acceleration and angular velocity of rescue personnel in real time. Even if the UWB positioning signal is temporarily lost, the microcontroller can still rely on the information provided by the inertial sensor to roughly determine the location of the rescue personnel, ensuring the continuity and accuracy of the positioning information.

[0031] For reference, inertial sensors can monitor the movement of rescue personnel in real time. During a normal rescue operation, rescue personnel are constantly moving and operating equipment, resulting in significant changes in their acceleration and angular velocity. When rescue personnel remain stationary for an extended period, such as due to injury, unconsciousness, or being trapped under heavy objects, the acceleration and angular velocity detected by the inertial sensors will remain at extremely low levels and show no significant change over a long period. The inertial sensors will then transmit relevant signals to the microcontroller. The microcontroller will then activate a vibration motor to alert the rescue personnel.

[0032] The reference temperature sensor can measure the temperature of the environment around the rescuers in real time and transmit the signal to the microcontroller. The tilt sensor is used to monitor the tilt angle of the rescuers' bodies and feed the signal back to the microcontroller.

[0033] For reference, the gas sensor module integrates multiple gas sensors, such as in one possible implementation. Figure 2 As shown, the gas sensor module includes a carbon monoxide sensor, a hydrogen sulfide sensor, and an oxygen sensor, which are respectively connected to the microcontroller. It can simultaneously detect multiple harmful gases, such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, and oxygen. In indoor rescue environments, these harmful gases can pose a serious threat to the life and health of rescue personnel. The gas sensor module monitors gas concentrations in real time, and when the concentration of a certain harmful gas exceeds the standard, it immediately sends a signal to the microcontroller. Specifically, the carbon monoxide sensor can be model SEN-0007, the hydrogen sulfide sensor can be model MQ-136, and the oxygen sensor can be model OX-B431.

[0034] For reference, when the microcontroller receives a danger signal from a temperature sensor, gas sensor module, tilt sensor, etc., it will immediately trigger an alarm device. In one possible implementation, such as Figure 2 As shown, the alarm device includes an audible and visual alarm and a buzzer, which are respectively connected to the microcontroller. The audible and visual alarm can be of model LTE-1101J, and the buzzer can be of model SF-5203.

[0035] For reference, when rescuers encounter emergencies during a rescue operation, such as being trapped or injured, they can manually press the call button. The signal generated by the call button is directly transmitted to the microcontroller so that a distress signal can be sent to the outside world in a timely manner.

[0036] For reference, the satellite communication module is connected to the microcontroller and is mainly responsible for transmitting the information collected and processed by the microcontroller, such as the location of rescue personnel, environmental monitoring data, and alarm signals, to the command center via the satellite communication network. Simultaneously, it can also receive instructions from the command center, enabling remote communication between rescue personnel and the command center.

[0037] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 3 As shown, it also includes a lidar sensor and a geomagnetic sensor, wherein the lidar sensor is connected to the microcontroller and the geomagnetic sensor is connected to the microcontroller.

[0038] For reference, although the combination of UWB positioning tags and base stations can achieve high-precision positioning, in complex indoor environments (such as large warehouses and underground buildings), signals are easily affected by obstruction and reflection, leading to increased positioning errors or even signal loss. While inertial sensors can assist positioning when UWB signals are lost, prolonged use can result in accumulated errors. LiDAR sensors construct a 3D point cloud map of the surrounding environment by emitting laser beams and measuring the time of reflected light, enabling precise perception of the position and distance of surrounding objects and providing richer environmental information for positioning. Geomagnetic sensors can measure the strength and direction of the Earth's magnetic field. In indoor environments, the distribution of the geomagnetic field varies slightly at different locations, forming unique geomagnetic fingerprints. By pre-establishing an indoor geomagnetic map, geomagnetic sensors carried by rescue personnel can measure the geomagnetic field information of their location in real time and match it with the map, providing additional reference information for positioning. Geomagnetic sensors can serve as a backup positioning method. The LiDAR sensor model could be RPLIDAR3, and the geomagnetic sensor model could be HMC5883L.

[0039] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 2 As shown, it also includes a battery power monitor and a signal strength detector, which are respectively connected to the microcontroller.

[0040] It should be noted that the battery power monitor can monitor the remaining battery power in real time, allowing rescue personnel and the command center to understand the equipment's power supply status in a timely manner, while the signal strength detector can monitor the strength of these signals in real time.

[0041] In one possible implementation, it also includes a LoRa communication module and a Mesh self-organizing network unit, wherein the LoRa module is connected in parallel with the satellite communication module and the Mesh unit is integrated inside the UWB positioning base station.

[0042] It should be noted that the LoRa communication module features low power consumption and long-range communication, enabling it to form a localized communication network indoors, compensating for the insufficient indoor coverage of satellite communication. It can be used in parallel with a satellite communication module, automatically switching to LoRa communication mode when satellite signal is weak. Integrating the Mesh self-organizing network unit within the UWB positioning base station allows multiple UWB positioning base stations to form a self-organizing network. Each base station can function not only as a positioning node but also as a communication node, interconnecting with each other via wireless links.

[0043] In one possible implementation, bone conduction headphones are also included, which are connected to the microcontroller via Bluetooth protocol.

[0044] It should be noted that during indoor rescue operations, rescuers need to maintain constant awareness of surrounding sounds, such as cries for help from trapped individuals and warning sounds of potential dangers (e.g., the hissing of gas leaks, abnormal noises from unstable building structures). Bone conduction headphones do not completely block the ears, allowing rescuers to receive necessary information while still hearing ambient sounds, enabling them to better respond to various emergencies and ensure the safety of themselves and their teammates.

[0045] The embodiments described above merely illustrate specific implementations of this utility model, and while the descriptions are detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A fire rescue indoor positioning and early warning system, characterized in that, It includes UWB positioning tags, UWB positioning base stations, inertial sensors, vibration motors, temperature sensors, gas sensor modules, tilt sensors, alarm devices, call buttons, satellite communication modules, and microcontrollers; The UWB positioning base station is connected to the UWB positioning tag. The UWB positioning tag, inertial sensor, vibration motor, temperature sensor, gas sensor module, tilt sensor, alarm device, and call button are all connected to the microcontroller, which is connected to the satellite communication module.

2. The indoor positioning and early warning system for fire rescue according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a lidar sensor and a geomagnetic sensor, wherein the lidar sensor is connected to the microcontroller and the geomagnetic sensor is connected to the microcontroller.

3. The indoor positioning and early warning system for fire rescue according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a battery power monitor and a signal strength detector, which are respectively connected to the microcontroller.

4. The indoor positioning and early warning system for fire rescue according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a LoRa communication module and a Mesh self-organizing network unit. The LoRa communication module is connected in parallel with the satellite communication module, and the Mesh self-organizing network unit is integrated inside the UWB positioning base station.

5. The indoor positioning and early warning system for fire rescue according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes bone conduction headphones, which connect to the microcontroller via Bluetooth.

6. The indoor positioning and early warning system for fire rescue according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inertial sensor includes a three-axis accelerometer and a three-axis gyroscope, which are connected to the microcontroller.

7. The indoor positioning and early warning system for fire rescue according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas sensor module includes a carbon monoxide sensor, a hydrogen sulfide sensor, and an oxygen sensor, which are respectively connected to the microcontroller.

8. A fire rescue indoor positioning and early warning system according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The alarm device includes an audible and visual alarm and a buzzer, which are respectively connected to the microcontroller.

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