Turning clamp for shell part

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of work fixtures, and particularly discloses a turning fixture for shell parts, which comprises a connecting disc, a first quick-change module, a second quick-change module and a third quick-change module, the connecting disc is connected with a lathe spindle, and one side of the connecting disc is connected with a mother disc. The first quick-change module, the second quick-change module and the third quick-change module are all detachably connected with the mother disc, and the first quick-change module, the second quick-change module and the third quick-change module are used for positioning, clamping and fixing different surfaces of a workpiece respectively; according to the utility model, different quick-change modules are adopted to quickly clamp and position different surfaces of a workpiece, so that the targeted clamping of the workpiece is realized, the clamping instability risk is eliminated, and the machining precision and safety are ensured; the quick-change modules corresponding to different machining surfaces can quickly finish high-precision positioning and locking, so that the shutdown clamping time is greatly shortened, the machining efficiency is remarkably improved, meanwhile, the labor intensity of workers is reduced, the operation efficiency is improved, and the risk of manual misoperation is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tooling and fixture technology, specifically to a machining fixture for shell parts. Background Technology

[0002] In the manufacturing of core structural components for high-precision equipment, especially in the machining of core load-bearing shell components involving complex polyhedral contours and ultra-high precision requirements (e.g., high-energy propulsion devices requiring extreme environmental tolerance and structural integrity), existing workpiece clamping technologies face significant systemic bottlenecks, severely restricting manufacturing efficiency and quality stability. The workpieces being machined generally possess highly complex curved surface geometry, including significant non-rotational symmetry, steep variable curvature structures, and polyhedral fusion forms (such as irregularly shaped shells with complex reinforcing ribs / cavities). These geometric characteristics drastically reduce the number of effective contact points between the rigid clamping surface of traditional clamping systems (such as general-purpose three-jaw chucks) and the workpiece surface. This makes it highly susceptible to workpiece micro-movement, clamping instability, and even chattering during machining (especially under intermittent cutting or high cutting force conditions), threatening machining accuracy and surface integrity, and posing a safety hazard of workpiece ejection. Therefore, manual clamping with specialized tooling is necessary, especially when the workpiece needs to be lifted and transferred between processes. The manual alignment process after repositioning is extremely time-consuming and highly dependent on operator skill. Currently, the time required to confirm the positioning accuracy of a single workpiece after hoisting is generally as long as 15-25 minutes, and the positioning accuracy (repeatability, coaxiality, etc.) is highly dependent on the operator's proficiency and the on-site conditions, making it difficult to quantify, control, and ensure consistency.

[0003] Based on the above-mentioned shortcomings, there is an urgent need for a new type of clamping tool that can quickly align and clamp the workpiece to improve processing efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] This utility model addresses the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a machining fixture for shell parts. It enables targeted clamping of the workpiece, eliminates the risk of clamping instability, and ensures machining accuracy and safety. It significantly reduces downtime for clamping, substantially improves machining efficiency, reduces worker labor intensity, increases operational efficiency, and reduces the risk of human error.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A machining fixture for a housing part includes a connecting plate, a first quick-change module, a second quick-change module, and a third quick-change module. The connecting plate is connected to the lathe spindle, and a mother plate is connected to one side of the connecting plate. The first, second, and third quick-change modules are detachably connected to the mother plate. The first, second, and third quick-change modules respectively position and clamp different surfaces of the workpiece.

[0007] Preferably, the first quick-change module includes a first quick-change disc, the second quick-change module includes a second quick-change disc, and the third quick-change module includes a third quick-change disc. The mother disc is provided with a zero-point locator, and the side walls of the first, second, and third quick-change discs are all provided with positioning rivets that cooperate with the zero-point locator.

[0008] Preferably, a base and a first centering vise are connected to the side wall of the first quick-change disc. The first centering vise is located above the base. A first hydraulic expansion sleeve is provided at the upper end of the base. Side plates are provided on both sides of the base. A first angle cylinder is provided on the side plate. A first pressure block is connected to the piston of the first angle cylinder.

[0009] Preferably, a first counterweight is provided on the side wall of the first quick-change disc.

[0010] Preferably, the second quick-change disc is provided with a centering bushing, a second angle cylinder and a second centering vise on its side wall. The centering bushing is provided with a second angle cylinder on both sides. The piston rod of the second angle cylinder is provided with a second pressure block. The second centering vise is located above the centering bushing.

[0011] Preferably, the side wall of the third quick-change disc is provided with a third centering vise, a third angle cylinder and a second hydraulic expansion sleeve. The second hydraulic expansion sleeve is provided with a third angle cylinder on both sides. The piston rod of the third angle cylinder is provided with a third pressure block. The third centering vise is located above the second hydraulic expansion sleeve.

[0012] Preferably, a second counterweight is provided on the side wall of the third quick-change disc.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0014] 1. This utility model uses different quick-change modules to quickly clamp and position different surfaces of the workpiece, achieving targeted clamping of the workpiece, eliminating the risk of clamping instability, and ensuring processing accuracy and safety; the quick-change modules corresponding to different processing surfaces can quickly complete high-precision positioning and locking, greatly shortening downtime for clamping, significantly improving processing efficiency, while reducing the labor intensity of workers, improving operating efficiency, and reducing the risk of human error.

[0015] 2. Each quick-change module of this utility model is precisely pre-adjusted, and the zero-point positioning system ensures the positioning accuracy of the quick-change plate when it is installed on the mother plate. After the workpiece is hoisted onto the corresponding quick-change module, there is no need for any manual dial indicator alignment process. It can be directly clamped and processing can begin, saving manual alignment time, greatly improving efficiency, and eliminating human error.

[0016] 3. This utility model quick-change system ensures that the positioning reference remains consistent and accurate when switching between different processes for the same workpiece, or when different workpieces in the same batch are processed in the same process; it significantly improves the consistency and stability of product processing accuracy, reduces scrap rate, and enhances process reliability.

[0017] 4. This utility model optimizes the mass distribution of the fixture system by using counterweights, which significantly improves the dynamic balance performance under high-speed rotation, reduces vibration, improves the surface quality of the machined parts and tool life, and ensures the safety of the machine tool spindle. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the workpiece's structure;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the fixed module;

[0020] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the first fast-change module Figure 1 ;

[0021] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the first fast-change module Figure 2 ;

[0022] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the second fast-change module Figure 1 ;

[0023] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the second fast-change module Figure 2 ;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second quick-change module and the workpiece.

[0025] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the third fast-change module Figure 1 ;

[0026] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the third fast-change module Figure 2 ;

[0027] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third quick-change module and the workpiece.

[0028] In the diagram: 1-Connecting disc; 2-Mother disc; 201-Zero point positioner; 3-First quick-change disc; 301-First counterweight; 302-Base; 303-First hydraulic expansion sleeve; 304-Side plate; 305-First angle cylinder; 306-First pressure block; 307-First centering vise; 4-Workpiece; 5-Second quick-change disc; 501-Centering bushing; 502-Second pressure block; 503-Second angle cylinder; 504-Second centering vise; 6-Positioning rivet; 7-Third quick-change disc; 701-Second counterweight; 702-Third centering vise; 703-Third angle cylinder; 704-Third pressure block; 705-Second hydraulic expansion sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0030] A machining fixture for a housing part includes a connecting plate 1, a first quick-change module, a second quick-change module, and a third quick-change module, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, the connecting plate 1 is connected to the lathe spindle, and a mother plate 2 is connected to one side of the connecting plate 1. The first quick change module, the second quick change module and the third quick change module are all detachably connected to the mother plate 2. The first quick change module, the second quick change module and the third quick change module respectively position and clamp and fix different surfaces of the workpiece 4.

[0031] The first quick-change module includes a first quick-change plate 3, the second quick-change module includes a second quick-change plate 5, and the third quick-change module includes a third quick-change plate 7. A zero-point positioner 201 is provided on the mother plate 2. Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 9 As shown, the side walls of the first quick-change plate 3, the second quick-change plate 5, and the third quick-change plate 7 are all equipped with positioning rivets 6 that cooperate with the zero-point positioner 201 to achieve quick assembly and disassembly.

[0032] like Figure 3 As shown, a base 302 and a first centering vise 307 are connected to the side wall of the first quick-change disc 3. The first centering vise 307 is located above the base 302. A first hydraulic expansion sleeve 303 is provided at the upper end of the base 302. Side plates 304 are provided on both sides of the base 302. A first angle cylinder 305 is provided on the side plate 304. A first pressure block 306 is connected to the piston of the first angle cylinder 305. A first counterweight block 301 is provided on the side wall of the first quick-change disc 3.

[0033] Before clamping, manually adjust the distance between the two clamping blocks of the first centering vise 307. The distance is equal to the diameter at point C of workpiece 4. When clamping workpiece 4, end A of workpiece 4 is mounted on the first hydraulic expansion sleeve 303, and point C of workpiece 4 is located inside the first centering vise 307. The first pressure block 306 rotates to press and fix both sides of workpiece 4, thereby realizing the machining of the inner hole end face at point B.

[0034] like Figure 5 As shown, the second quick-change disc 5 is provided with a centering bushing 501, a second angle cylinder 503 and a second centering vise 504 on its side wall. The centering bushing 501 is provided with the second angle cylinder 503 on both sides. The piston rod of the second angle cylinder 503 is provided with a second pressure block 502. The second centering vise 504 is located above the centering bushing 501.

[0035] like Figure 7 As shown, before clamping, manually adjust the distance between the two clamping blocks of the second centering vise 504 so that the distance is equal to the diameter at point C of the workpiece 4; during clamping, point D of the workpiece 4 is inserted into the centering bushing 501, and point C of the workpiece 4 is located in the second centering vise 504. The second pressure block 502 presses and fixes the two sides of the workpiece 4 to realize the machining of the inner hole end face at point A.

[0036] like Figure 8 As shown, the third quick-change disc 7 is provided with a third centering vise 702, a third angle cylinder 703 and a second hydraulic expansion sleeve 705 on its side wall. The second hydraulic expansion sleeve 705 is provided with a third angle cylinder 703 on both sides. The piston rod of the third angle cylinder 703 is provided with a third pressure block 704. The third centering vise 702 is located above the second hydraulic expansion sleeve 705. The third quick-change disc 7 is provided with a second counterweight block 701 on its side wall.

[0037] like Figure 10 As shown, before clamping, manually adjust the distance between the two clamping blocks of the third centering vise 702, which is the diameter of workpiece 4 at point D; during clamping, workpiece 4 at point D is located inside the third centering vise 702, workpiece 4 at point B cooperates with the second hydraulic expansion sleeve 705, and the third pressure block 704 presses and fixes both sides of workpiece 4, thereby realizing the machining of the inner hole end face at point C.

[0038] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this utility model and their equivalents, this utility model also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A machining fixture for a housing part, characterized in that: It includes a connecting plate, a first quick-change module, a second quick-change module, and a third quick-change module. The connecting plate is connected to the lathe spindle, and a mother plate is connected to one side of the connecting plate. The first quick-change module, the second quick-change module, and the third quick-change module are all detachably connected to the mother plate. The first quick-change module, the second quick-change module, and the third quick-change module respectively position and clamp different surfaces of the workpiece.

2. The machining fixture for a housing part as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The first quick-change module includes a first quick-change disc, the second quick-change module includes a second quick-change disc, and the third quick-change module includes a third quick-change disc. The mother disc is provided with a zero-point positioner, and the side walls of the first, second, and third quick-change discs are all provided with positioning rivets that cooperate with the zero-point positioner.

3. The machining fixture for a housing part as described in claim 2, characterized in that: A base and a first centering vise are connected to the side wall of the first quick-change disc. The first centering vise is located above the base. A first hydraulic expansion sleeve is provided at the upper end of the base. Side plates are provided on both sides of the base. A first angle cylinder is provided on the side plate. A first pressure block is connected to the piston of the first angle cylinder.

4. The machining fixture for a housing part as described in claim 3, characterized in that: A first counterweight is provided on the side wall of the first quick-change disc.

5. The machining fixture for a housing part as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The second quick-change disc is provided with a centering bushing, a second angle cylinder and a second centering vise on its side wall. The centering bushing is provided with a second angle cylinder on both sides. The piston rod of the second angle cylinder is provided with a second pressure block. The second centering vise is located above the centering bushing.

6. The machining fixture for a housing part as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The third quick-change disc is provided with a third centering vise, a third angle cylinder and a second hydraulic expansion sleeve on its side wall. The second hydraulic expansion sleeve is provided with a third angle cylinder on both sides. The piston rod of the third angle cylinder is provided with a third pressure block. The third centering vise is located above the second hydraulic expansion sleeve.

7. The machining fixture for a housing part as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The third quick-change disc has a second counterweight on its side wall.

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