Material distribution device and heater

Abstract

The utility model discloses a material distribution device and a heater. The material distribution device (10) comprises at least one distribution unit (20) used for forming at least one distribution layer (12) which is sequentially connected in series from top to bottom; in the adjacent first distribution layer (12) and second distribution layer (12), the inlet of each distribution unit (20) in the first distribution layer (12) is respectively butted with one outlet of the distribution unit (20) in the second distribution layer (12); each distribution unit (20) comprises a lead-in channel (22) and at least two lead-out channels (24); the leading-in channel (22) is used for receiving materials; the outlet of the lead-in channel (22) leads to at least two lead-out channels (24) for guiding the material out of the distribution unit (20); the at least two lead-out channels (24) are spatially linearly symmetrical to each other with the center line (23) of the lead-in channel (22) as the axis of symmetry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to solar energy technology, and in particular to a material distribution device and a heater. Background Technology

[0002] Some material handling technologies require the uniform distribution of solid granular materials into the processing mechanism to ensure thorough and uniform processing. For example, in heaters that use solid particles as a heat storage medium, the solid particles need to be uniformly distributed within a heating device of a certain size to fully utilize their heat storage capacity. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Various embodiments of this application provide a material dispensing device and a heater.

[0004] The material dispensing apparatus of each embodiment includes:

[0005] At least one distribution unit is configured to form at least one distribution layer connected in series from top to bottom from the inlet to at least two outlets of the material distribution device, wherein each distribution layer contains at least one distribution unit; wherein,

[0006] The inlet of the distribution unit in the distribution layer at the first end of the material distribution device serves as the feed port of the material distribution device, and the outlet of the distribution unit in the distribution layer at the second end of the material distribution device serves as the discharge port of the material distribution device.

[0007] When the at least one allocation layer includes an adjacent first allocation layer and a second allocation layer, the inlet of each allocation unit in the first allocation layer is respectively connected to an outlet of an allocation unit in the second allocation layer;

[0008] Each allocation unit includes an import channel and at least two export channels;

[0009] The inlet of the import channel serves as the inlet of the distribution unit, used to receive materials entering the distribution unit;

[0010] The outlet of the inlet channel leads to the at least two outlet channels for introducing materials into the at least two outlet channels;

[0011] The outlet of the outlet channel serves as the outlet of the distribution unit, used to guide materials away from the distribution unit;

[0012] The at least two export channels are linearly symmetrical to each other in space with the center line of the import channel as the axis of symmetry.

[0013] Each embodiment also provides a heater, including the material dispensing device of each embodiment;

[0014] The feeding device is used to introduce the heat storage medium into the material distribution device;

[0015] A heating device is used to receive the heat storage medium flowing out from the material distribution device and to heat the heat storage medium.

[0016] The material distribution device of each embodiment can uniformly distribute particulate materials to a processing plane or feed port with a certain size (such as area or width) in the material handling equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a material dispensing device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an allocation unit according to an embodiment of this application.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an allocation unit according to an embodiment of this application.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a material dispensing device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an allocation unit according to an embodiment of this application.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly method of the material dispensing device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the components of a material dispensing device according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0024] For the sake of brevity and intuitiveness, the present invention will be described below through several representative embodiments. Numerous details in the embodiments are only for the purpose of aiding understanding the present invention; the implementation of the present invention may not be limited to these details. To avoid unnecessarily obscuring the present invention, some implementation methods are not described in detail, but only a framework is given. In the following text, "including" means "including but not limited to," and "first" and "second" are merely for the convenience of distinguishing two objects with the same meaning and do not indicate any substantial difference between them.

[0025] This application provides a material distribution device that can uniformly distribute granular materials to a processing plane or feed inlet of a certain size (such as area or width) in a material processing device.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a simplified schematic diagram of a material dispensing device (10) according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the material distribution device (10) includes at least one distribution unit (20). The at least one distribution unit (20) is used to form at least one distribution layer (12) connected in series from top to bottom between the inlet of the material distribution device (10) and at least two outlets. Each distribution layer (12) contains at least one distribution unit (20). For clarity and brevity, Figure 1 Only two distribution layers (12) are shown. The material distribution device (10) in other embodiments may have only one distribution layer or may have more than two distribution layers.

[0027] The inlet of the distribution unit (20) in the distribution layer (12) at the first end of the material distribution device (10) serves as the feed port of the material distribution device (10), and the outlet of the distribution unit (20) in the distribution layer (12) at the second end of the material distribution device (10) serves as the discharge port of the material distribution device (10).

[0028] When at least one allocation layer (12) includes an adjacent first allocation layer (12) and a second allocation layer (12), the entrance of each allocation unit (20) in the first allocation layer (12) is respectively connected to an exit of an allocation unit (20) in the second allocation layer (12).

[0029] Each allocation unit (20) includes an import channel (22) and at least two export channels (24).

[0030] The inlet of the inlet channel (22) serves as the inlet of the distribution unit (20) for receiving materials into the distribution unit (20). The outlet of the inlet channel (22) leads to at least two outlet channels (24) for introducing materials into at least two outlet channels (24).

[0031] The outlet of the outlet channel (24) serves as the outlet of the distribution unit (20) to guide materials away from the distribution unit (20). At least two outlet channels (24) are linearly symmetrical to each other in space about the center line of the inlet channel (22) as the axis of symmetry (23).

[0032] It can be seen that in the distribution unit (20), the outlet channel (24) is symmetrical about the center line of the inlet channel (22) as the axis of symmetry (23), which allows the material flowing out of the inlet channel (22) to be distributed more evenly to each outlet channel (24), achieving the effect of uniform material distribution. In addition, the distribution layers connected from top to bottom allow the material to flow downward layer by layer under the action of gravity. After the distribution units in each layer distribute the material evenly, the material entering from the inlet of the material distribution device (10) will eventually leave evenly from each outlet, thereby enabling the material to be evenly distributed to the processing surface or feed port of the material processing equipment with a certain size.

[0033] Figure 1 In the example, each allocation unit (20) has two export channels (24). In other embodiments, the number of export channels (24) of the allocation unit (20) may be two or more. For example, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an allocation unit according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 The distribution unit (20) in the example has four outlet channels (24). The four outlet channels (24) are linearly symmetrical about the center line (23) of the inlet channel (22) in space, forming a cone-like structure, thereby distributing the material in four directions. In other embodiments, the number of outlet channels (24) of the distribution unit (20) can be any number as needed; the above is just an example.

[0034] In each embodiment, the number of outlet channels (24) in each distribution unit (20) of the material distribution device (10) can be the same or different. For example, as Figure 1 In the example, all allocation units (20) with two export channels (24) can be used. For example, Figure 2 The example distribution units (20) can also be connected to form a multi-layered tower structure. For example, Figure 2 The outputs of the four output channels (24) of the example allocation unit (20) can be respectively connected to, for example, Figure 1 The feed inlet of the material distribution device (10) shown, or Figure 1 Each outlet of the material distribution device (10) shown can be connected to a separate device. Figure 2 The example distribution unit (20) entrance, etc. The specifications and connection method of the distribution unit (20) can be selected according to the actual needs to achieve the desired material distribution effect, such as evenly distributing the material to a plane with a specific area, a narrow and long linear area, a ring area, etc.

[0035] In various embodiments, the shape of the output channel (24) of the allocation unit (20) can be a straight line, a broken line, a curve, a spiral, etc. For example, in some embodiments, the output channel (24) includes a first channel segment (26) and a second channel segment (28) connected end to end in the form of a bend, and the angle between the first channel segment (26) and the second channel segment (28) is less than 180 degrees, such as... Figure 3As shown. The outlet channel (24) comprises two channel segments in the form of a bend, which allows material (e.g., solid particles) to enter the second channel segment (28) along the first channel segment (26). Under the action of the inner wall of the second channel segment (28) and the material particles, the distribution state is changed. That is, when the material flows out of the first channel segment (26), it flows along the direction of the first channel segment (26) under the action of inertia. After entering the second channel segment (28), due to the angle between the two channel segments, some material will collide with the inner wall of the second channel segment (28) and bounce back, and collide with other materials in the channel. In this process, the aggregated material particles can be dispersed and flow out of the second channel segment (28) in a more uniform distribution, which is beneficial for subsequent processing or further uniform distribution in subsequent distribution layers.

[0036] In order to ensure that the material flows from top to bottom in the material distribution device (10) and to make the material distribution device (10) more compact, in some embodiments, the second channel segments (28) of all inlet channels (22) and all outlet channels (24) in each distribution unit (20) of the material distribution device (10) can be parallel to each other. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a material dispensing device (10) according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 In the example, the inlet channel (22) and the second channel segment (28) of the outlet channel of each distribution unit (20) in the material distribution device (10) are both vertical and parallel to each other. That is, the center line of the inlet channel (22) is vertical. It can be seen that by using such a distribution unit, the distribution units (20) can be more tightly combined, making the structure of the material distribution device (10) more compact and reducing the space requirements. On the other hand, by using such a distribution unit, the flow direction of the material in the material distribution device (10) can be kept downward, which is conducive to the smooth flow of the material.

[0037] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the inlet channel (22), outlet channel (24), or first channel segment (26) and second channel segment (28) of the distribution unit (20) can be selected as needed. For example, the cross-section of the channel can be rectangular, elliptical, circular, etc. In some embodiments, the cross-section of the second channel segment (28) is circular. In this way, after the material particles enter the circular second channel segment (28) along the direction of the first channel segment (26) under the action of inertia, they will also move in a circular direction along the inner wall of the cylindrical second channel segment (28) during the falling process, so that the material generates a "vortex"-like movement, which can disrupt the original tightly packed structure of the material particles, reduce the interaction force between the particles, and make them easier to flow and accelerate the outflow speed. Moreover, this "vortex" flow mode of the material particles can rearrange the particles in the second channel segment (28), tending to a looser and more orderly state, reducing the blockage and jamming between particles, and facilitating the smoother outflow of particles. The particles also generate centrifugal force during this "vortex" flow process. The centrifugal force causes the particles to form a particle flow near the inner wall of the second channel section (28), and then flow down along the inner wall to the outlet, which speeds up the conveying of particles to the outlet, thereby speeding up the outflow of particles, so that the second channel section (28) discharges material particles more smoothly and evenly.

[0038] In various embodiments, at least two outlet channels of the distribution unit are linearly symmetrical about the centerline of the inlet channel, thus allowing the material to be distributed more evenly to each outlet channel. That is, the intersection (point or line) of the inlets of each outlet channel is located at the center of the outlet of the inlet channel. The material flowing out of the inlet channel will be distributed more evenly to each outlet channel around this intersection point or line. At this intersection point or line, the material will be diverted and its flow direction will change, resulting in a decrease in flow velocity and potential accumulation. To address this, in some embodiments, the intersection of at least two outlet channels (24) in the distribution unit (20) is lower than the outlet of the inlet channel (22). Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an allocation unit according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 In the example, the outlet of the inlet channel (22) of the distribution unit (20) is located at height h1, and the intersection of the outlet channels (24) is located at height h2. Thus, in the distribution unit (20), there is a relatively large space between the inlet channel (22) and each outlet channel (24), that is, between heights h1 and h2. The material flowing here becomes loose due to the increased space, reducing the blockage and jamming between particles, and facilitating the smoother flow of particles.

[0039] To make the material distribution device (10) more compact, in each embodiment, for adjacent first distribution layers (12) and second distribution layers (12), the included angle between the outlet channels (24) of each distribution unit (20) in the lower first distribution layer (12) is smaller than the included angle between the outlet channels (24) of each distribution unit (20) in the upper second distribution layer (12). That is, the lower the distribution unit, the smaller the angle between its outlet channels. Figure 4 As shown. In this way, the lower the distribution layer in the material distribution device (10), the more closely the outlet channels are arranged, thus saving more space.

[0040] The more distribution layers there are in the material distribution device (10), the more complex its structure becomes, and the higher the processing difficulty.

[0041] In some embodiments, each distribution layer (12) in the material distribution device (10) is a detachable, independent component, which is assembled to form the material distribution device (10). In this way, each distribution layer can be processed separately, which can reduce the processing difficulty.

[0042] In some embodiments, each distribution unit (20) is a detachable, independent unit, which is spliced ​​together to form a distribution layer (12). In this way, each distribution unit can be processed individually, which can reduce the processing difficulty. In addition, treating each distribution unit as an independent component can also improve the flexibility of assembly. Different sizes of distribution units can be selected according to actual needs and assembled in the required manner to obtain a material distribution device (10) of the required size and specifications.

[0043] In each embodiment, the distribution layer or distribution unit, as an independent component, can be assembled in various possible ways, such as bolting, welding, riveting, etc.

[0044] In some embodiments, the individual components can be spliced ​​together via a substrate, which can make the structure of the material dispensing device (10) more stable. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the assembly method of the material dispensing device according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 6 As shown, the material distribution device (10) may include: a substrate (30) arranged parallel to the direction of material flow in the material distribution device (10); wherein at least one distribution layer (12) is fixed on the substrate (30). Figure 6 This illustration only shows a material dispensing device (10) with all dispensing units having two outlet channels, forming a plate-like structure. In other embodiments, multiple substrates may be used, with the dispensing layers or dispensing units fixed to the substrates at their joints. For example, the vertical inlet channel of the first dispensing unit and the vertical portion of the outlet channel of the second dispensing unit that intersects with it may be joined and fixed to the substrate. Further details are omitted here.

[0045] In each embodiment, the distribution unit can be manufactured using various possible manufacturing methods.

[0046] For example, the distribution unit can be fabricated into a device consisting of multiple tubular components.

[0047] For example, the dispensing unit can be manufactured by cutting holes or grooves into a single piece of material. As an example of this manufacturing method, Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the components of a material dispensing device according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 7 As shown, the material dispensing device (10) includes at least one dispensing layer (12), each dispensing layer being a component manufactured according to the above-described slotting method. Each dispensing layer (12) includes at least one dispensing unit (20).

[0048] To facilitate processing, at least a portion of the inlet channel (22) and at least two outlet channels (24) of each dispensing unit (20) are open on the side facing the substrate (not shown) (i.e., the side illustrated). When this at least one dispensing layer (12) is fixed to the substrate, this side of the inlet channel (22) and outlet channel (24) closes by contacting the substrate. In this way, each individual component can be processed separately. Furthermore, the open portion of each channel facilitates processing using machine tools, reducing manufacturing difficulty.

[0049] The material distribution device (10) of each embodiment can be applied to equipment that requires uniform feeding, especially equipment that processes solid particulate materials, such as heaters that use solid particles as a heat storage medium. Such heaters can be, for example, concentrating solar collectors, heat recovery equipment, etc.

[0050] As an example, a heater may include: a material distribution device (10) of various embodiments, a feeding device, and a heating device. The feeding device is used to introduce the heat storage medium into the material distribution device (10). The heating device is used to receive the heat storage medium flowing out of the material distribution device (10) and heat the heat storage medium.

[0051] It should be noted that not all components in the above structural diagrams are necessary; some components may be omitted depending on actual needs. The components and their combinations shown in the diagrams are merely examples to facilitate understanding of the solution. In actual implementation, a component may be composed of multiple components, and multiple components may be implemented by a single component. The components can also be deployed in any suitable manner that conforms to the concept of this application. Various technical means in the various embodiments can be combined in any way as needed, as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0052] In summary, the scope of the claims should not be limited to the embodiments described in the examples above, but the specification should be taken as a whole and interpreted in the broadest possible sense.

Claims

1. A material dispensing device (10), characterized in that, include: At least one distribution unit (20) is configured to form at least one distribution layer (12) connected in series from top to bottom from the inlet to at least two outlets of the material distribution device (10), wherein each distribution layer (12) contains at least one distribution unit (20); wherein, The inlet of the distribution unit (20) in the distribution layer (12) at the first end of the material distribution device (10) serves as the feed port of the material distribution device (10), and the outlet of the distribution unit (20) in the distribution layer (12) at the second end of the material distribution device (10) serves as the discharge port of the material distribution device (10). When the at least one allocation layer (12) includes an adjacent first allocation layer (12) and a second allocation layer (12), the entrance of each allocation unit (20) in the first allocation layer (12) is respectively connected to an exit of an allocation unit (20) in the second allocation layer (12); Each allocation unit (20) includes an import channel (22) and at least two export channels (24); The inlet of the inlet channel (22) serves as the inlet of the distribution unit (20) for receiving materials into the distribution unit (20); The outlet of the inlet channel (22) leads to the at least two outlet channels (24) for introducing materials into the at least two outlet channels (24); The outlet of the outlet channel (24) serves as the outlet of the distribution unit (20) and is used to guide materials away from the distribution unit (20). The at least two outgoing channels (24) are linearly symmetrical to each other in space with the center line (23) of the incoming channel (22) as the axis of symmetry.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The output channel (24) includes a first channel segment (26) and a second channel segment (28) connected end to end in the form of a bend, and the angle between the first channel segment (26) and the second channel segment (28) is less than 180 degrees.

3. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second channel segments (28) of all import channels (22) and all export channels (24) in the at least one allocation unit (20) are parallel to each other.

4. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cross-section of the second channel segment (28) is circular.

5. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, In each allocation unit (20), the position at the intersection of the at least two outgoing channels (24) is lower than the outlet of the incoming channel (22).

6. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The included angle between the export channels (24) of each allocation unit (20) in the first allocation layer (12) is smaller than the included angle between the export channels (24) of each allocation unit (20) in the second allocation layer (12).

7. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The centerline is vertical.

8. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the at least one distribution layer (12) is a detachable independent element, and the at least one distribution layer (12) is assembled to form the device.

9. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the at least one distribution layer (12), each distribution unit (20) in a distribution layer (12) is a detachable independent unit, which is assembled to form the distribution layer (12).

10. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1, 8, and 9, characterized in that, Further includes: The substrate is arranged parallel to the direction of material flow in the material distribution device (10); The at least one distribution layer (12) is fixed on the substrate.

11. The apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that, In the at least one distribution layer (12), at least a portion of the inlet channel (22) and the at least two outlet channels (24) of each distribution unit (20) are open on the side facing the substrate, and the side of the inlet channel (22) and the outlet channel (24) is closed when the at least one distribution layer (12) is fixed on the substrate.

12. A heater, characterized in that, include: The material dispensing device (10) according to any one of claims 1-11; A feeding device is used to introduce the heat storage medium into the material distribution device (10); A heating device is used to receive the heat storage medium flowing out from the material distribution device (10) and to heat the heat storage medium.

Images