Battery pack number identification circuit and energy storage system

Abstract

The utility model relates to a battery pack number identification circuit and an energy storage system, the battery pack number identification circuit comprises i matching resistors, a reference resistor and N comparison circuits, when different numbers of external battery packs are merged into a host, different numbers of matching resistors and reference resistors carry out voltage division on a first power supply, the N comparison circuits are used for comparing the first voltage division signals with corresponding reference voltages and outputting N comparison signals, different numbers of external battery packs are merged into the host, and the N comparison circuits can output comparison signals in different level states based on the different first voltage division signals; therefore, the N comparison signals reflect the number of the external battery packs. The battery pack number identification circuit identifies the number of external battery packs through a hardware circuit, is not liable to be interfered, and is more reliable and accurate in identification.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of energy storage systems, and in particular to a battery pack quantity identification circuit and an energy storage system. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread application of energy storage power supplies, the demand for them is becoming increasingly diversified. This has led to situations where the AC output power of a single energy storage power supply is insufficient to meet the requirements of certain applications, potentially failing to power high-power loads. Therefore, parallel energy storage power supplies have emerged. Connecting two or more energy storage power supplies in parallel increases the output power, thereby meeting the high-power electricity demands of the load. However, in some scenarios, the main or auxiliary power supply needs to identify the number of auxiliary power supplies connected in parallel, and how to do so is a challenge. Utility Model Content

[0003] The present invention aims to provide a battery pack quantity identification circuit and energy storage system that can accurately identify the quantity of external battery packs.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] In a first aspect, this utility model provides a battery pack quantity identification circuit for use in an energy storage system. The energy storage system includes a host and i external battery packs, each of which is connected in parallel with the host. The battery pack quantity identification circuit includes i matching resistors, each of which belongs to one of the i external battery packs and has the same resistance value.

[0006] A reference resistor and N comparator circuits are provided. The first end of the reference resistor is connected to a first power supply. When i external battery packs are connected in parallel to the host, i matching resistors are connected in parallel to form a parallel voltage divider module. The first end and the second end of the parallel voltage divider module are respectively connected to the second end of the reference resistor and the ground end. The first end of the parallel voltage divider module obtains a first voltage divider signal with respect to the first power supply. The first voltage divider signal is connected to the first input end of the N comparator circuits.

[0007] Each of the comparison circuits has a reference voltage connected to its second input terminal, wherein the values ​​of the N reference voltages are different.

[0008] The N comparison circuits are used to output N comparison signals reflecting the number of external battery packs based on the voltage of the first voltage divider signal and the N reference voltages;

[0009] Where i is a positive integer from 0 to N, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0010] In some embodiments, each of the comparison circuits includes a first voltage divider resistor, a second voltage divider resistor, and a comparator;

[0011] The first and second ends of the first voltage divider resistor are respectively connected to the second power supply and the first end of the second voltage divider resistor. The second end of the second voltage divider resistor is connected to the ground terminal. The connection point of the first voltage divider resistor and the second voltage divider resistor is connected to the second input terminal of the corresponding comparator. The first voltage divider resistor and the second voltage divider resistor divide the voltage of the second power supply to obtain the reference voltage. Each reference voltage is connected to the second input terminal of the corresponding comparator.

[0012] The first input terminal of the comparator is used to receive the first voltage divider signal, and the N comparators are used to output the N comparison signals according to the first voltage divider signal and the N reference voltages.

[0013] In some embodiments, the inverting input of the comparator is the first input of the comparator, and the non-inverting input of the comparator is the second input of the comparator; or, the non-inverting input of the comparator is the first input of the comparator, and the inverting input of the comparator is the second input of the comparator.

[0014] In some embodiments, the values ​​of the N reference voltages are sequentially increased, and the voltage of the first voltage divider signal and the N reference voltages satisfy a first constraint condition:

[0015] If i is 0, Vin0 = VDD > Vref N ;

[0016] If i is a positive integer from 1 to N-1, Vref N-i <Vin i <Vref N-i+1 ;

[0017] If i is N, Vin N <Vref1;

[0018] Wherein, VDD is the voltage of the first power supply, Vini is the voltage of the first voltage divider signal when i external battery packs are connected to the host, and Vrefi is the i-th reference voltage.

[0019] In some embodiments, the first voltage divider resistor and the second voltage divider resistor satisfy a second constraint condition:

[0020] If i is 0, Vin0 = VDD > VCC*R 2N / (R 1N +R 2N );

[0021] If i is a positive integer from 1 to N-1, VCC*R 2(N-i) / (R 1(N-i) +R 2(N-i) ) <Vin i <VCC*R 2(N-i+1) / (R 1(N-i+1) +R 2(N-i+1) );

[0022] If i is N, Vin N <VCC*R 21 / (R 11 +R 21 );

[0023] Where VCC is the voltage of the second power supply, R 1i R is the first voltage divider resistor in the i-th comparison circuit. 2i This refers to the second voltage divider resistor in the i-th comparison circuit.

[0024] In some embodiments, the values ​​of the N reference voltages decrease sequentially, and the voltage of the first voltage divider signal and the N reference voltages satisfy a third constraint condition:

[0025] If i is 0, Vin0 = VDD > Vref1;

[0026] If i is a positive integer from 1 to N-1, Vref i+1 <Vin i <Vref i ;

[0027] If i is N, Vin N <Vref N ;

[0028] Where VDD is the voltage of the first power supply, and Vin i When i external battery packs are connected to the host, the voltage of the first voltage divider signal, Vref i This is the i-th reference voltage.

[0029] In some embodiments, the values ​​of the N reference voltages decrease sequentially, and the voltage of the first voltage divider signal and the N reference voltages satisfy a third constraint condition:

[0030] If i is 0, Vin0 = VDD > Vref1;

[0031] If i is a positive integer from 1 to N-1, Vref i+1 <Vin i <Vref i ;

[0032] If i is N, Vin N <Vref N ;

[0033] Where VDD is the voltage of the first power supply, and Vin i When i external battery packs are connected to the host, the voltage of the first voltage divider signal, Vref i This is the i-th reference voltage.

[0034] In some embodiments, the reference resistor and N comparison circuits are disposed within the host unit.

[0035] In some embodiments, the battery pack quantity identification circuit further includes a register and a controller;

[0036] The first terminal to the Nth terminal of the register are sequentially connected to the output terminal of the first comparator and the output terminal of the Nth comparator. The output terminal of the register is connected to the controller. The register is configured to output a serial signal in response to the input of the N comparison signals, so that the controller can identify the number of the external battery packs based on the serial signal.

[0037] In a second aspect, this utility model provides an energy storage system, which includes a host, i external battery packs, and a battery pack quantity identification circuit as described above, wherein each of the external battery packs is connected in parallel with the host.

[0038] In various embodiments of this utility model, the battery pack quantity identification circuit includes i matching resistors, a reference resistor, and N comparison circuits. The i matching resistors belong to i external battery packs and have the same resistance value. The first end of the reference resistor is connected to a first power supply. When the i external battery packs are connected to the host, the i matching resistors are connected in parallel to form a parallel voltage divider module. The first end and the second end of the parallel voltage divider module are respectively connected to the second end of the reference resistor and the ground end. The first end of the parallel voltage divider module obtains a first voltage divider signal with respect to the first power supply. The first voltage divider signal is connected to the first input end of the N comparison circuits. The second input end of each comparison circuit is connected to a reference voltage, and the values ​​of the N reference voltages are different. The N comparison circuits output N comparison signals reflecting the quantity of external battery packs based on the first voltage divider signal and the N reference voltages, where i is a positive integer from 0 to N, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0039] When multiple external battery packs are connected to the host, a corresponding number of matching resistors form a parallel voltage divider module. This module, along with a reference resistor, divides the first power supply to obtain a first voltage divider signal. N comparator circuits compare this first voltage divider signal with the corresponding reference voltage, outputting N comparison signals. Since the reference voltage connected to the second input of each comparator is different, and the voltage of the first voltage divider signal differs depending on the number of external battery packs connected, the N comparison signals will have different level states when compared to each reference voltage. Therefore, the N comparison signals can reflect the number of external battery packs. This battery pack quantity identification circuit identifies the number of external battery packs through hardware circuitry, making it less susceptible to interference and providing more reliable and accurate identification. Attached Figure Description

[0040] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference numerals in the accompanying drawings. These illustrations do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings are denoted as similar elements. Unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings are not to be limited by scale.

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery pack quantity identification circuit provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery pack quantity identification circuit provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0044] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a battery pack quantity identification circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a battery pack quantity identification circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a battery pack quantity identification circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a battery pack quantity identification circuit provided in an embodiment of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0048] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this utility model and are not intended to limit this utility model.

[0049] When expanding the capacity of an energy storage system, an external battery pack is connected in parallel with the main unit in the energy storage system via a connector, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the energy storage system includes a main unit 100 and N external battery packs 200, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and can be three, four or more battery packs. The specific number of battery packs can be set as needed and is not limited here.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, when the first external battery pack 200 is connected to the host 100, the first external battery pack 200 and the host 100 are connected in parallel via connector 300. When the second external battery pack 200 is connected to the host 100, the second external battery pack 200 and the first external battery pack 200 are connected in parallel via connector 300, and so on, until the Nth external battery pack 200 is connected. After each external battery pack 200 is connected to the host 100, the host 100 controls the charging, discharging, or equalization operations of the external battery packs 200.

[0051] The host 100 can be expanded in either the upper or lower direction. Figure 1 (Taking the expansion at the lower part of the host 100 as an example), however, there is a limit to the number of expandable battery packs. The system needs to identify the number of connected expansion devices and operate within the limited number. Therefore, the energy storage system needs to identify the number of external battery packs in order to control operations such as charging and discharging.

[0052] In related technologies, communication is generally used to receive unique identification information (such as ID number, SN number, etc.) sent by external battery packs. If the host determines from the received information that the number of external battery packs exceeds the maximum allowable value set by the energy storage system, the energy storage system may not respond or may shut down. Alternatively, the host can identify the number of external battery packs and control the charging, discharging, or equalization operations of the energy storage system based on the number of external battery packs. However, the communication method for identifying the number of external battery packs is susceptible to interference, cannot reliably identify the number of external battery packs, and is inaccurate.

[0053] To address the aforementioned issues, this utility model provides a battery pack quantity identification circuit that can accurately identify the quantity of external battery packs.

[0054] like Figure 2 As shown, the battery pack quantity identification circuit includes: i matching resistors (resistor R1, resistor R2... resistor R...).i The circuit consists of a reference resistor R0 and N comparator circuits 10, where i is a positive integer from 0 to N, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0055] It is worth noting that when the main unit and each external battery pack are stacked together via connector 200, the matching resistors in each external battery pack, the reference resistor R0 in the main unit, the comparator in the main unit, and the device for the first power supply VDD in the main unit can form a... Figure 3 The connection shown.

[0056] The first terminal of the reference resistor R0 is connected to the first power supply VDD. Matching resistors are set inside the external battery pack and correspond one-to-one with the external battery packs. The resistance values ​​of the matching resistors are the same. When the i external battery packs are connected to the host, the i matching resistors are connected in parallel to form a parallel voltage divider module. The first terminal of the parallel voltage divider module is connected to the second terminal of the reference resistor R0. The second terminal of the parallel voltage divider module is grounded to GND. The reference resistor R0 and the parallel voltage divider module divide the voltage of the first power supply VDD to obtain the first voltage divider signal. Thus, the first terminal of the parallel voltage divider module can obtain the first voltage divider signal about the first power supply.

[0057] For example: if the i matching resistors are resistor R1, resistor R2... resistor R... i When the first external battery pack is connected to the host, the first end of resistor R1 is connected to the second end of reference resistor R0. Resistor R1 and reference resistor R0 divide the first power supply VDD to obtain the first voltage divider signal. The voltage of the first voltage divider signal is Vin1 = VDD * R1 / (R0 + R1).

[0058] When the second external battery pack is connected to the host, resistors R1 and R2 are connected in parallel to form a voltage divider resistor module. The first end of resistor R2 is connected to the second end of reference resistor R0. Resistors R1, R2 and reference resistor R0 divide the first power supply VDD to obtain the first voltage divider signal. The voltage of the first voltage divider signal is Vin2=VDD*(R1 / / R2) / (R0+(R1 / / R2)), where / / is the parallel symbol and R1 / / R2 represents the total resistance after R1 and R2 are connected in parallel.

[0059] And so on, when the i-th external battery pack is connected to the host, resistors R1, R2, and so on up to resistor R i All resistors are connected in parallel to form a voltage divider module, with resistor R. i The first terminal is connected to the second terminal of the reference resistor R0, and resistors R1, R2, and so on up to resistor R i Together with the reference resistor R0, the voltage of the first power supply VDD is divided to obtain the first voltage divider signal. The voltage of the first voltage divider signal is Vin. i=VDD*(R1 / / R2 / / ... / / R i ) / (R0+(R1 / / R2 / / ... / / R i ), where / / is the parallel symbol, R1 / / R2 / / ... / / R i Representing R1, R2, ... and R i The total resistance after parallel connection.

[0060] Therefore, when different numbers of external battery packs are connected to the host, the voltage of the first voltage divider signal is different. The voltage of the first voltage divider signal decreases as the number of external battery packs increases, and is always less than the voltage of the first power supply VDD.

[0061] Each comparator circuit 10 has a first input terminal connected to a first voltage divider signal, and a second input terminal connected to a reference voltage. For example, the second input terminal of the first comparator circuit is connected to the first reference voltage Vref1, the second input terminal of the second comparator circuit is connected to the second reference voltage Vref2, and so on, with the second input terminal of the Nth comparator circuit connected to the Nth reference voltage Vref. N The voltages of the various reference voltages are different; for example, the voltages of the various reference voltages may increase or decrease sequentially, i.e., Vref1 <Vref2<...<Vref N Or, Vref1>Vref2>...>Vref N .

[0062] Furthermore, the voltage of the first power supply VDD is greater than the maximum value among the reference voltages. If the values ​​of each reference voltage increase sequentially, then the voltage of the first power supply VDD is greater than Vref. N If the values ​​of each reference voltage decrease sequentially, then the voltage of the first power supply VDD is greater than Vref1.

[0063] The comparator circuit 10 compares the voltage of the first voltage divider signal with the corresponding reference voltage and outputs the corresponding comparison signal. These N comparison signals reflect the number of external battery packs.

[0064] For example, if the reference voltage values ​​increase sequentially, i.e., Vref1 < Vref2 < ... < Vref N Furthermore, when the voltage at the first input terminal of the comparator circuit is less than the voltage at its second input terminal, the comparator circuit outputs a high-level comparator signal.

[0065] When no external battery pack is connected, the first input terminal of each of the N comparison circuits is connected to the first power supply VDD. The voltage of the first power supply VDD is greater than any reference voltage, so all N comparison circuits output a low-level comparison signal to determine that no external battery pack is connected.

[0066] When an external battery pack is incorporated, the resistor R1 and the reference resistor R0 divide the voltage of the first power supply VDD to obtain a first divided voltage signal. The voltage of the first divided voltage signal is Vin1. Among them, Vin1 is transmitted to the first input ends of N comparison circuits, and Vref N-1 <Vin1<Vref N , then the Nth comparison circuit outputs a comparison signal with a high level, and the other comparison circuits output comparison signals with a low level, and it is determined that the number of external battery packs is one.

[0067] When two external battery packs are incorporated, the resistor R1, the resistor R2 and the reference resistor R0 divide the voltage of the first power supply VDD to obtain a first divided voltage signal. The voltage of the first divided voltage signal is Vin2. Among them, Vin2 is transmitted to the first input ends of N comparison circuits, and Vref N-2 <Vin2<Vref N-1 , then the Nth comparison circuit outputs a comparison signal with a high level, the N - 1th comparison circuit outputs a comparison signal with a high level, and the other comparison circuits output comparison signals with a low level, and it is determined that the number of external battery packs is two.

[0068] And so on. When N external battery packs are incorporated, the resistors R1 to R N and the reference resistor R0 divide the voltage of the first power supply VDD to obtain a first divided voltage signal. The voltage of the first divided voltage signal is Vin N , among which, Vin N is transmitted to the first input ends of N comparison circuits, and Vin s N <Vref1, then the first comparison circuit outputs a comparison signal with a high level, the second comparison circuit outputs a comparison signal with a high level, and so on. The Nth comparison circuit also outputs a comparison signal with a high level, and it is determined that the number of external battery packs is N.

[0069] For another example, if the values of the reference voltages decrease in sequence, that is, Vref N <Vref N-1 <...<Vref1, and when the voltage at the first input end of the comparison circuit is less than the voltage at its second input end, the comparison circuit outputs a comparison signal with a high level.

[0070] When no external battery pack is incorporated, the first input ends of N comparison circuits are all connected to the first power supply VDD. The voltage of the first power supply VDD is greater than any one of the reference voltages, then N comparison circuits all output comparison signals with a low level, and it is determined that no external battery pack is incorporated.

[0071] When an external battery pack is incorporated, resistor R1 and reference resistor R0 divide the voltage of the first power supply VDD to obtain a first divided voltage signal. The voltage of the first divided voltage signal is Vin1. Among them, Vin1 is transmitted to the first input terminal of N comparison circuits, and Vref2 < Vin1 < Vref1. Then, the first comparison circuit outputs a comparison signal with a high level, and the other comparison circuits output comparison signals with a low level. It is determined that the number of external battery packs incorporated is one.

[0072] When two external battery packs are incorporated, resistor R1, resistor R2 and reference resistor R0 divide the voltage of the first power supply VDD to obtain a first divided voltage signal. The voltage of the first divided voltage signal is Vin2. Among them, Vin2 is transmitted to the first input terminal of N comparison circuits, and Vref3 < Vin2 < Vref2. Then, the first comparison circuit outputs a comparison signal with a high level, the second comparison circuit outputs a comparison signal with a high level, and the other comparison circuits output comparison signals with a low level. It is determined that the number of external battery packs incorporated is two.

[0073] And so on. When N external battery packs are incorporated, resistors R1 to R N and reference resistor R0 divide the voltage of the first power supply VDD to obtain a first divided voltage signal. The voltage of the first divided voltage signal is Vin N , among which, Vin N is transmitted to the first input terminal of N comparison circuits, and Vin N < Vref N . Then, the first comparison circuit outputs a comparison signal with a high level, the second comparison circuit outputs a comparison signal with a high level, and so on. The Nth comparison circuit also outputs a comparison signal with a high level. It is determined that the number of external battery packs incorporated is N.

[0074] For another example, if the values of the reference voltages increase in sequence, that is, Vref1 < Vref2 <... < Vref N , and when the voltage at the first input terminal of the comparison circuit is greater than the voltage at its second input terminal, the comparison circuit outputs a comparison signal with a high level.

[0075] Then, when no external battery pack is incorporated, the first input terminals of N comparison circuits are all connected to the first power supply VDD. The voltage of the first power supply VDD is greater than any one of the reference voltages. Then, N comparison circuits all output comparison signals with a high level, and it is determined that no external battery pack is incorporated.

[0076] When an external battery pack is incorporated, resistor R1 and reference resistor R0 divide the voltage of the first power supply VDD to obtain a first divided voltage signal. The voltage of the first divided voltage signal is Vin1. Among them, Vin1 is transmitted to the first input terminal of N comparison circuits, and Vref N-1 <Vin1 < Vref N, the Nth comparison circuit outputs a comparison signal with a low level, and other comparison circuits output comparison signals with a high level, then it is determined that the number of externally connected battery packs is one.

[0077] And so on. When N externally connected battery packs are incorporated, resistors R1 to R N divide the voltage of the first power supply VDD with the reference resistor R0 to obtain a first divided voltage signal, and the voltage of the first divided voltage signal is Vin N , where Vin N is transmitted to the first input terminals of N comparison circuits, and Vin N < Vref1, then the first to the Nth comparison circuits all output comparison signals with a low level, and it is determined that the number of externally connected battery packs is N.

[0078] For another example, if the values of the reference voltages decrease in sequence, that is, Vref N < Vref N-1 <... < Vref1, and when the voltage at the first input terminal of the comparison circuit is greater than the voltage at its second input terminal, the comparison circuit outputs a comparison signal with a high level.

[0079] When no externally connected battery pack is incorporated, the first input terminals of N comparison circuits are all incorporated into the first power supply VDD, and the voltage of the first power supply VDD is greater than any one of the reference voltages, then N comparison circuits all output comparison signals with a high level, and it is determined that no externally connected battery pack is incorporated.

[0080] When one externally connected battery pack is incorporated, resistor R1 and the reference resistor R0 divide the voltage of the first power supply VDD to obtain a first divided voltage signal, and the voltage of the first divided voltage signal is Vin1. Among them, Vin1 is transmitted to the first input terminals of N comparison circuits, and Vref2 < Vin1 < Vref1, then the first comparison circuit outputs a comparison signal with a low level, and other comparison circuits output comparison signals with a high level, then it is determined that the number of externally connected battery packs is one.

[0081] And so on. When N externally connected battery packs are incorporated, resistors R1 to R N divide the voltage of the first power supply VDD with the reference resistor R0 to obtain a first divided voltage signal, and the voltage of the first divided voltage signal is Vin N , where Vin N is transmitted to the first input terminals of N comparison circuits, and Vin N < Vref N , then the first to the Nth comparison circuits all output comparison signals with a low level, and it is determined that the number of externally connected battery packs is N.

[0082] In some embodiments, the reference resistor R0 and the N comparator circuits 10 are all located inside the host. When an external battery pack is connected in parallel, the external battery pack and the host are connected in parallel through a connector. The matching resistor in the external battery pack is connected to the second end of the reference resistor R0 in the host. When multiple external battery packs are connected in parallel, the multiple external battery packs are connected in parallel through a connector, and then connected in parallel to the host through a connector. The matching resistors in each external battery pack form a parallel voltage divider module, which is then connected to the second end of the reference resistor R0.

[0083] In some embodiments, for the sake of simpler circuit design, the resistance values ​​of the N matching resistors can be set to the same value, i.e., resistors R1 to R... i The resistance values ​​are all the same, so that the voltage of the first voltage divider signal changes every time an external battery pack is connected.

[0084] In summary, when different numbers of external battery packs are connected to the host, the voltage of the first voltage divider signal is different, and the level of the comparison signals output by each comparison circuit is different. The controller identifies the number of external battery packs based on the level of each comparison signal. This battery pack quantity identification circuit identifies the number of external battery packs through hardware circuitry, making it less susceptible to interference and providing more reliable and accurate identification.

[0085] In some embodiments, please continue reading Figure 2 The battery pack quantity identification circuit also includes a controller 20. The outputs of N comparison circuits are connected to the controller 20 respectively. For example, the output of the first comparison circuit is electrically connected to the first pin of the controller 20, the output of the second comparison circuit is electrically connected to the second pin of the controller 20, and so on. The output of the Nth comparison circuit is electrically connected to the Nth pin of the controller 20.

[0086] The controller 20 analyzes N comparison signals to obtain the identification result. For example, if the reference voltage values ​​are sequentially increasing, i.e., Vref1 < Vref2 < ... < Vref N Furthermore, when the voltage at the first input terminal of the comparator circuit is less than the voltage at its second input terminal, the comparator circuit outputs a high-level comparator signal.

[0087] If all pins from the first to the Nth pin of the controller 20 receive a low-level comparison signal, it is determined that no battery pack is connected.

[0088] If the Nth pin of the controller 20 receives a high-level comparison signal, and the first pin to the (N-1)th pin of the controller 20 all receive a low-level comparison signal, then the number of external battery packs is determined to be one.

[0089] If the Nth pin of controller 20 receives a high-level comparison signal, the N-1th pin of controller 20 receives a high-level comparison signal, and the first pin to the N-2th pin of controller 20 all receive a low-level comparison signal, then the number of external battery packs is determined to be two.

[0090] If all pins from the first pin to the Nth pin of the controller 20 receive a high-level comparison signal, then the number of external battery packs is determined to be N.

[0091] For example, if the reference voltage values ​​decrease sequentially, i.e., Vref N <Vref N-1 <...<Vref1, and when the voltage at the first input terminal of the comparator circuit is less than the voltage at its second input terminal, the comparator circuit outputs a high-level comparator signal.

[0092] If the controller 20 receives N low-level comparison signals, it determines that no external battery pack is connected.

[0093] If the first pin of the controller 20 receives a high-level comparison signal, and the second pin to the Nth pin of the controller 20 all receive a low-level comparison signal, then the number of external battery packs is determined to be one.

[0094] If the first pin of controller 20 receives a high-level comparison signal, the second pin of controller 20 receives a high-level comparison signal, and the third pin to the Nth pin of controller 20 all receive a low-level comparison signal, then the number of external battery packs is determined to be two.

[0095] If all pins from the first pin to the Nth pin of the controller 20 receive a high-level comparison signal, then the number of external battery packs is determined to be N.

[0096] For example, if the reference voltage values ​​increase sequentially, i.e., Vref1 < Vref2 < ... < Vref N Furthermore, when the voltage at the first input terminal of the comparator circuit is greater than the voltage at its second input terminal, the comparator circuit outputs a high-level comparator signal.

[0097] If the controller 20 receives N high-level comparison signals, it determines that no external battery pack is connected.

[0098] If all pins from the first pin to the (N-1)th pin of the controller 20 receive a high-level comparison signal, and the Nth pin of the controller 20 receives a low-level comparison signal, then the number of external battery packs is determined to be one.

[0099] If all pins from the first pin to the Nth pin of the controller 20 receive a low-level comparison signal, then the number of external battery packs is determined to be N.

[0100] For example, if the reference voltage values ​​decrease sequentially, i.e., Vref N <Vref N-1 <...<Vref1, and when the voltage at the first input terminal of the comparator circuit is greater than the voltage at its second input terminal, the comparator circuit outputs a high-level comparator signal.

[0101] If the controller 20 receives N high-level comparison signals, it determines that no external battery pack is connected.

[0102] If the first pin of the controller 20 receives a low-level comparison signal, and the second pin to the Nth pin of the controller 20 all receive a high-level comparison signal, then the number of external battery packs is determined to be one.

[0103] If all pins from the first pin to the Nth pin of the controller 20 receive a low-level comparison signal, then the number of external battery packs is determined to be N.

[0104] In some embodiments, controller 20 may be a general-purpose processor, digital signal processor (DSP), application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field-programmable gate array (FPGA), microcontroller, ARM (Acorn RISC Machine) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination of these components. Additionally, controller 20 may also be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. Controller 20 may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, such as a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors combined with a DSP, and / or any other such configuration. Controller 20 may also be a host battery management unit.

[0105] In the above embodiment, the first to Nth pins of the controller 20 are used to input the first to Nth comparison signals, respectively, which requires N pins of the controller, resulting in excessive pin usage.

[0106] To address the aforementioned issues, this utility model provides a battery pack quantity identification circuit that reduces the number of pins occupied by the controller.

[0107] like Figure 3 As shown, the battery pack quantity identification circuit also includes a register 30. The first terminal to the Nth terminal of the register 30 are electrically connected to the output terminal of the first comparison circuit and the output terminal of the Nth comparison circuit in sequence. The output terminal of the register 30 is electrically connected to the controller 20.

[0108] When an external battery pack is connected, N comparison circuits output N comparison signals. These N comparison signals are transmitted to the N terminals of register 30. The first comparison signal is transmitted to the first terminal of register 30, the second comparison signal is transmitted to the second terminal of register 30, and so on. The Nth comparison signal is transmitted to the Nth terminal of register 30. Register 30 converts these N comparison signals into a serial signal for output. That is, the N comparison signals are input in parallel through the N input terminals of register 30 and then output bit by bit from the serial output terminal. Controller 20 analyzes the serial signal to identify the number of external battery packs.

[0109] For example: if the reference voltage values ​​increase sequentially, i.e., Vref1 < Vref2 < ... < Vref N Furthermore, when the voltage at the first input terminal of the comparator circuit is less than the voltage at its second input terminal, the comparator circuit outputs a high-level comparator signal.

[0110] When no external battery pack is connected to the host, register 30 converts N low-level comparison signals into serial signals 00...0 (N signals). Controller 20 receives the serial signals and determines that no external battery pack is connected.

[0111] When N external battery packs are connected to the host, register 30 converts the N high-level comparison signals into serial signals 11...1 (N signals). The controller 20 receives the serial signals and determines that N external battery packs have been connected.

[0112] Register 30 performs parallel-in to serial-out conversion to generate a serial signal, enabling controller 20 to identify the number of external battery packs based on the serial signal. This only requires one pin of controller 20, reducing the pin occupancy of controller 20.

[0113] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a battery pack quantity identification circuit provided in an embodiment of this utility model, as shown below. Figure 4 As shown, the comparison circuit 10 in the battery pack quantity identification circuit includes a comparator, a first voltage divider resistor, and a second voltage divider resistor. The first end of the first voltage divider resistor is electrically connected to the first end of the second voltage divider resistor and the second input end of the comparator. The second end of the first voltage divider resistor is used to connect to the second power supply VCC, and the second end of the second voltage divider resistor is grounded to GND. The first voltage divider resistor and the second voltage divider resistor divide the second power supply VCC to obtain a reference voltage. The first input end of the comparator is used to connect to the first voltage divider signal, and the second input end of the comparator is used to connect to the corresponding reference voltage.

[0114] like Figure 4As shown, if there are N comparator circuits, then there are N first voltage divider resistors and N second voltage divider resistors. The first comparator circuit includes comparator U1 and first voltage divider resistor R. 11 and the second voltage divider resistor R 21 The second comparator circuit includes comparator U2 and the first voltage divider resistor R. 12 and the second voltage divider resistor R 22 The third comparator circuit includes comparator U3 and the first voltage divider resistor R. 13 and the second voltage divider resistor R 23 And so on, the Nth comparator circuit includes comparator U N First voltage divider resistor R 1N and the second voltage divider resistor R 2N .

[0115] Furthermore, the first voltage divider resistor R 11 With the second voltage divider resistor R 21 By dividing the second power supply VCC, we obtain the first reference voltage Vref1, i.e., Vref1 = VCC * R 21 / (R 11 +R 21 ), first voltage divider resistor R 12 With the second voltage divider resistor R 22 By dividing the second power supply VCC, a second reference voltage Vref2 is obtained, i.e., Vref2 = VCC * R. 22 / (R 12 +R 22 ), first voltage divider resistor R 13 With the second voltage divider resistor R 23 By dividing the second power supply VCC, a third reference voltage Vref3 is obtained, i.e., Vref3 = VCC * R. 23 / (R 13 +R 23 ), and so on, the first voltage divider resistor R 1N With the second voltage divider resistor R 2N By dividing the second power supply VCC, a third reference voltage Vref is obtained. N Vref N =VCC*R 2N / (R 1N +R 2N ).

[0116] If the reference voltage increases sequentially, i.e., Vref1 <Vref2<...<Vref N Vref1 = VCC * R 21 / (R 11 +R 21 ) <Vref2=VCC*R22 / (R 12 +R 22 )<... <Vref N =VCC*R 2N / (R 1N +R 2N If R, then 21 / (R 11 +R 21 ) <R 22 / (R 12 +R 22 )<... <R 2N / (R 1N +R 2N Meanwhile, if the first power supply VDD is greater than the maximum value of the reference voltage, then VDD > Vref. N =VCC*R 2N / (R 1N +R 2N That is, VDD > VCC * R 2N / (R 1N +R 2N ).

[0117] If the reference voltage values ​​decrease sequentially, i.e., Vref N <Vref N-1 <... <Vref1,Vref N =VCC*R 2N / (R 1N +R 2N ) <Vref N-1 =VCC*R 2(N-1) / (R 1(N-1) +R 2(N-1) )<... <Vref1=VCC*R 21 / (R 11 +R 21 If R, then 2N / (R 1N +R 2N ) <R 2(N-1) / (R 1(N-1) +R 2(N-1) )<... <R 21 / (R 11 +R 21 Meanwhile, if the voltage of the first power supply VDD is greater than the maximum value of the reference voltage, then VDD > Vref1 = VCC * R 21 / (R 11 +R 21 That is, VDD > VCC * R 21 / (R 11 +R 21 ).

[0118] Thus, by configuring the proportional relationship between the first voltage-dividing resistor and the second voltage-dividing resistor in each comparison circuit, the voltage of the reference voltage can be made to satisfy the constraint condition of increasing or decreasing in sequence.

[0119] When i external battery packs are incorporated into the host, the i matching resistors are connected in parallel and then connected to the second terminal of the reference resistor R0, generating a first voltage-dividing signal at the second terminal of the reference resistor R0. The resistance values of each matching resistor are the same, and the voltage of the first voltage-dividing signal is:

[0120] Vin i =R / (R + i×R0) (1)

[0121] Where, Vin i is the voltage of the first voltage-dividing signal when i external battery packs are incorporated into the host, R is the resistance value of the matching resistor, R0 is the resistance value of the reference resistor, and i is a positive integer from 0 to N.

[0122] In order to identify the number of external battery packs by comparing the level states of the signals, when each external battery pack is connected, the level states of the N comparison signals need to change bit by bit. If the voltage of the reference voltage is gradually increasing, the voltage of the first voltage-dividing signal and the voltages of each reference voltage need to satisfy the following first constraint condition: when i = 0, Vin0 = VDD > Vref N , when i is a positive integer from 1 to N - 1, Vref N-i <Vin i <Vref N-i+1 , when i = N, Vin N <Vref1. Where, VDD is the voltage of the first power supply, Vin i is the voltage of the first voltage-dividing signal when i external battery packs are incorporated into the host, and Vref i is the voltage of the i-th reference voltage.

[0123] Correspondingly, the first voltage-dividing resistor and the second voltage-dividing resistor satisfy the second constraint condition:

[0124] When i = 0, Vin0 = VDD > VCC*R 2N / (R 1N +R 2N ), when i is a positive integer from 1 to N - 1, VCC*R 2(N-i) / (R 1(N-i) +R 2(N-i) )<Vin i <VCC*R 2(N-i+1) / (R 1(N-i+1) +R 2(N-i+1) ), when i = N, Vin N <VCC*R21 / (R 11 +R 21 ).

[0125] Where VCC is the voltage of the second power supply, R 1i R is the first voltage divider resistor in the i-th comparator circuit. 2i It is the second voltage divider resistor in the i-th comparator circuit.

[0126] Similarly, if the reference voltage gradually decreases, the voltage of the first voltage divider signal and the voltages of each reference voltage must satisfy the third constraint condition: if i is 0, Vin0 = VDD > Vref1; if i is a positive integer from 1 to N-1, Vref i+1 <Vin i <Vref i If i is N, Vin N <Vref N .

[0127] Correspondingly, the first and second voltage divider resistors satisfy the fourth constraint condition:

[0128] If i is 0, Vin0 = VDD > VCC*R 21 / (R 11 +R 21 If i is a positive integer from 1 to N-1, VCC*R 2(i+1) / (R 1(i+1) +R 2(i+1) ) <Vin i <VCC*R 2i / (R 1i +R 2i If i is N, Vin N <VCC*R 2N / (R 1N +R 2N ).

[0129] Therefore, by designing the relationship between the first and second voltage divider resistors, the voltages of the N reference voltages can be made to satisfy a sequentially increasing or decreasing relationship, and the voltage of each first voltage divider signal can satisfy the aforementioned first or third constraint relationship.

[0130] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the inverting input of the comparator is the first input of the comparator, and the non-inverting input is the second input of the comparator.

[0131] The comparator circuit also includes a pull-up resistor R', which is connected in series between the second power supply VCC and the comparator's output. The pull-up resistor R' is the open-drain pull-up resistor of the comparator, which enables the comparator to output a high level.

[0132] Taking N=4 as an example, describe the working principle of this battery pack quantity identification circuit. Figure 5 As shown, the inverting input of the comparator is the first input of the comparator, the non-inverting input of the comparator is the second input of the comparator, and the comparison signal output by the first comparator is Vout1, the comparison signal output by the second comparator is Vout2, the comparison signal output by the third comparator is Vout3, and the comparison signal output by the fourth comparator is Vout4.

[0133] If the reference voltage gradually increases, i.e., Vref1 < Vref2 < Vref3 < Vref4, and Vref1 = 2.7V, Vref2 = 3.5V, Vref3 = 5.0V, Vref4 = 9.0V, VDD = 12.0V.

[0134] When no external battery pack is connected to the host, i is 0, and the voltage of the first voltage divider signal is Vin0 = VDD, VDD > Vref4. Then all four comparators output low-level comparison signals.

[0135] When an external battery pack is connected to the host, i is 1. The voltage of the first voltage divider signal is Vin1 = R / (R+1×R0) = 6.0V. Vref3 < Vin1 < Vref4. Therefore, the comparison signal Vout1 output by the first comparator U1 is a high-level signal, and the other comparators output low-level signals.

[0136] When two external battery packs are connected to the host, i is 2. Then the voltage of the first voltage divider signal is Vin2=R / (R+2×R0)=4.0V. Vref2<Vin2<Vref3. Then the comparison signals Vout1 and Vout2 output by the first comparator U1 and the second comparator U2 are both high-level signals, and the other comparators output low-level signals.

[0137] When three external battery packs are connected to the host, i is 3. Then the voltage of the first voltage divider signal is Vin3=R / (R+3×R0)=3.0V. Vref1<Vin3<Vref2. Then the comparison signals Vout1, Vout2 and Vout3 output by the first comparator U1, the second comparator U2 and the third comparator U3 are all high-level signals, and the fourth comparator outputs a low-level signal.

[0138] When four external battery packs are connected to the host, i is 4. Then the voltage of the first voltage divider signal is Vin4=R / (R+4×R0)=2.4V. Vin4<Vref1. Therefore, the comparison signals Vout1, Vout2, Vout3 and Vout4 output by the four comparators are all high-level signals.

[0139] The determination relationship of the battery pack quantity identification circuit is shown in Table 1:

[0140] Table 1. Comparison of Judgment Relationships for Battery Pack Quantity Identification Circuit

[0141]

[0142]

[0143] Therefore, the controller 20 can identify the number of external battery packs based on the level states of the four comparison signals.

[0144] In some embodiments, the reference voltage is gradually decreasing, i.e., Vref4 < Vref3 < Vref2 < Vref1, and Vref4 = 2.7V, Vref3 = 3.5V, Vref2 = 5.0V, Vref1 = 9.0V, and VDD = 12.0V.

[0145] The working principle of the battery pack quantity identification circuit is similar to that of the above embodiment, and will not be repeated here. The determination relationship table of the battery pack quantity identification circuit is shown in Table 2:

[0146] Table 2. Comparison of Judgment Relationships for Battery Pack Quantity Identification Circuit

[0147]

[0148]

[0149] Therefore, the controller 20 can determine the number of external battery packs based on the level states of the four comparison signals.

[0150] Please see Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a battery pack quantity identification circuit provided in an embodiment of this utility model. Figure 6 and Figure 4 The difference is that the non-inverting input of the comparator is the first input of the comparator, and the inverting input of the comparator is the second input of the comparator. Figure 6 The constraints that each resistor and the reference voltage must satisfy are as follows: Figure 4 The same applies, so I won't repeat it here.

[0151] Taking N=4 as an example, describe the working principle of this battery pack quantity identification circuit. Figure 7 As shown, the non-inverting input of the comparator is the first input of the comparator, the inverting input of the comparator is the second input of the comparator, and the comparison signal output by the first comparator is Vout1, the comparison signal output by the second comparator is Vout2, the comparison signal output by the third comparator is Vout3, and the comparison signal output by the fourth comparator is Vout4.

[0152] If the reference voltage gradually increases, i.e., Vref1 < Vref2 < Vref3 < Vref4, and Vref1 = 2.7V, Vref2 = 3.5V, Vref3 = 5.0V, Vref4 = 9.0V, VDD = 12.0V.

[0153] When no external battery pack is connected to the host, i is 0, and the voltage of the first voltage divider signal is Vin0 = VDD, VDD > Vref4. Then all four comparators output high-level comparison signals.

[0154] When an external battery pack is connected to the host, i is 1. The voltage of the first voltage divider signal is Vin1 = R / (R + 1 × R0) = 6.0V. Vref3 < Vin1 < Vref4. Therefore, the comparison signals Vout1, Vout2, and Vout3 output by the first comparator U1, the second comparator U2, and the third comparator U3 are all high-level signals, and the fourth comparator U4 outputs a low-level signal.

[0155] When two external battery packs are connected to the host, i is 2. Then the voltage of the first voltage divider signal is Vin2=R / (R+2×R0)=4.0V. Vref2<Vin2<Vref3. Then the comparison signals Vout1 and Vout2 output by the first comparator U1 and the second comparator U2 are both high-level signals, and the other comparators output low-level signals.

[0156] When three external battery packs are connected to the host, i is 3. Then the voltage of the first voltage divider signal is Vin3=R / (R+3×R0)=3.0V. Vref1<Vin3<Vref2. Therefore, the comparison signal Vout1 output by the first comparator U1 is a high-level signal, and the other comparators output low-level signals.

[0157] When four external battery packs are connected to the host, i is 4. The voltage of the first voltage divider signal is Vin4 = R / (R + 4 × R0) = 2.4V. Vin4 < Vref1, so all four comparators output low-level signals.

[0158] Therefore, the controller 20 can identify the number of external battery packs based on the level states of the four comparators.

[0159] The determination relationship of the battery pack quantity identification circuit is shown in Table 3:

[0160] Table 3. Comparison of Judgment Relationships for Battery Pack Quantity Identification Circuit

[0161]

[0162]

[0163] In some embodiments, the reference voltage is gradually decreasing, i.e., Vref4 < Vref3 < Vref2 < Vref1, and Vref4 = 2.7V, Vref3 = 3.5V, Vref2 = 5.0V, Vref1 = 9.0V, and VDD = 12.0V.

[0164] The working principle of the battery pack quantity identification circuit is similar to that of the above embodiment, and will not be repeated here. The determination relationship table of the battery pack quantity identification circuit is shown in Table 4:

[0165] Table 4. Comparison of Judgment Relationships for Battery Pack Quantity Identification Circuit

[0166]

[0167]

[0168] Therefore, the controller 20 can determine the number of external battery packs based on the level states of the four comparison signals.

[0169] In summary, when different numbers of external battery packs are connected to the host, the voltage of the first voltage divider signal and the voltage of each reference voltage differ. Consequently, the level states of the comparison signals output by each comparison circuit differ, and the level states of the N comparison signals can reflect the number of external battery packs. This battery pack quantity identification circuit identifies the number of external battery packs through hardware circuitry, making it less susceptible to interference and providing more reliable and accurate identification.

[0170] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and not to limit it; under the concept of this utility model, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of different aspects of this utility model as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity; although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A battery pack quantity identification circuit, applied to an energy storage system, the energy storage system comprising a host and i external battery packs, each of the external battery packs being connected in parallel with the host, characterized in that, The battery pack quantity identification circuit includes: i matching resistors, each of which belongs to one of the i external battery packs and has the same resistance value; A reference resistor and N comparator circuits are provided. The first end of the reference resistor is connected to a first power supply. When i external battery packs are connected in parallel to the host, i matching resistors are connected in parallel to form a parallel voltage divider module. The first end and the second end of the parallel voltage divider module are respectively connected to the second end of the reference resistor and the ground end. The first end of the parallel voltage divider module obtains a first voltage divider signal with respect to the first power supply. The first voltage divider signal is connected to the first input end of the N comparator circuits. Each of the comparison circuits has a reference voltage connected to its second input terminal, wherein the values ​​of the N reference voltages are different. The N comparison circuits are used to output N comparison signals reflecting the number of external battery packs based on the voltage of the first voltage divider signal and the N reference voltages; Where i is a positive integer from 0 to N, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

2. The battery pack quantity identification circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the aforementioned comparator circuits includes a first voltage divider resistor, a second voltage divider resistor, and a comparator; The first and second ends of the first voltage divider resistor are respectively connected to the second power supply and the first end of the second voltage divider resistor. The second end of the second voltage divider resistor is connected to the ground terminal. The connection point of the first voltage divider resistor and the second voltage divider resistor is connected to the second input terminal of the corresponding comparator. The first voltage divider resistor and the second voltage divider resistor divide the voltage of the second power supply to obtain the reference voltage. Each reference voltage is connected to the second input terminal of the corresponding comparator. The first input terminal of the comparator is used to receive the first voltage divider signal, and the N comparators are used to output the N comparison signals according to the first voltage divider signal and the N reference voltages.

3. The battery pack quantity identification circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inverting input of the comparator is the first input of the comparator, and the non-inverting input of the comparator is the second input of the comparator; or, the non-inverting input of the comparator is the first input of the comparator, and the inverting input of the comparator is the second input of the comparator.

4. The battery pack quantity identification circuit according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The values ​​of the N reference voltages increase sequentially, and the voltage of the first voltage divider signal and the N reference voltages satisfy the first constraint condition: If i is 0, Vin0 = VDD > Vref N ; If i is a positive integer from 1 to N-1, Vref N-i <Vin i <Vref N-i+1 ; If i is N, Vin N <Vref1; Where VDD is the voltage of the first power supply, and Vin i When i external battery packs are connected to the host, the voltage of the first voltage divider signal, Vref i This is the i-th reference voltage.

5. The battery pack quantity identification circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first voltage divider resistor and the second voltage divider resistor satisfy the second constraint condition: If i is 0, Vin0 = VDD > VCC * R 2N / (R 1N +R 2N ); If i is a positive integer from 1 to N-1, VCC*R 2(N-i) / (R 1(N-i) +R 2(N-i) ) <Vin i <VCC*R 2(N-i+1) / (R 1(N-i+1) +R 2(N-i+1) ); If i is N, Vin N <VCC*R 21 / (R 11 +R 21 ); Where VCC is the voltage of the second power supply, R 1i R is the first voltage divider resistor in the i-th comparison circuit. 2i This refers to the second voltage divider resistor in the i-th comparison circuit.

6. The battery pack quantity identification circuit according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The values ​​of the N reference voltages decrease sequentially, and the voltage of the first voltage divider signal and the N reference voltages satisfy the third constraint condition: If i is 0, Vin0 = VDD > Vref1; If i is a positive integer from 1 to N-1, Vref i+1 <Vin i <Vref i ; If i is N, Vin N <Vref N ; Where VDD is the voltage of the first power supply, and Vin i When i external battery packs are connected to the host, the voltage of the first voltage divider signal, Vref i This is the i-th reference voltage.

7. The battery pack quantity identification circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first voltage divider resistor and the second voltage divider resistor satisfy the fourth constraint condition: If i is 0, Vin0 = VDD > VCC * R 21 / (R 11 +R 21 ); If i is a positive integer from 1 to N-1, VCC*R 2(i+1) / (R 1(i+1) +R 2(i+1) ) <Vin i <VCC*R 2i / (R 1i +R 2i ); If i is N, Vin N <VCC*R 2N / (R 1N +R 2N ); Where VCC is the voltage of the second power supply, R 1i R is the first voltage divider resistor in the i-th comparison circuit. 2i This refers to the second voltage divider resistor in the i-th comparison circuit.

8. The battery pack quantity identification circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The reference resistor and the N comparison circuits are located within the host unit.

9. The battery pack quantity identification circuit according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The battery pack quantity identification circuit also includes a register and a controller; The first terminal to the Nth terminal of the register are sequentially connected to the output terminal of the first comparator and the output terminal of the Nth comparator. The output terminal of the register is connected to the controller. The register is configured to output a serial signal in response to the input of the N comparison signals, so that the controller can identify the number of the external battery packs based on the serial signal.

10. An energy storage system, characterized in that, The energy storage system includes a host, i external battery packs, and a battery pack quantity identification circuit as described in any one of claims 1-9, wherein each of the external battery packs is connected in parallel with the host.

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