Photovoltaic module

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, in particular to a photovoltaic assembly, which comprises a plurality of battery strings arranged in parallel, each battery string is provided with a battery A and a battery B which are alternately arranged, and the positive electrode of the battery A and the negative electrode of the battery B are arranged on the same plane; from the starting end to the tail end of the battery string, positive electrodes and negative electrodes of adjacent batteries are sequentially connected through back welding strips and front welding strips which are alternately arranged; the starting ends and the tail ends of the adjacent battery strings are alternately arranged, and the starting ends and the tail ends of the adjacent battery strings are connected through longitudinal welding strips, so that the battery strings are connected in series; in the same battery string, the number of the batteries A and the number of the batteries B are equal, the area proportion meets a set value, and power generation currents of the batteries A and the batteries are consistent through different battery sizes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation technology, specifically a photovoltaic module. Background Technology

[0002] The statements in this section are merely background information related to this utility model and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] TOPCon cells, or tunnel oxide passivated contact cells, are currently the mainstream cell technology in the photovoltaic field. Photovoltaic modules are typically composed of multiple TOPCon cell units connected in series via solder ribbons.

[0004] In existing component designs, the solder ribbons of adjacent battery cells need to be led out from different surfaces of the battery and connected to each other. This connection method requires that a certain distance be maintained between battery cells to ensure smooth solder ribbon connection and avoid mutual interference.

[0005] However, this design limits the effective area of ​​the module. Adjacent cells are interconnected by solder ribbons from different surfaces (front / back), requiring a large gap between cells, which reduces the effective power generation area of ​​the module and thus adversely affects the overall efficiency of the module. In addition, due to the way the solder ribbons are led out, the bending of the ribbons across surfaces introduces the risk of microcracks, which not only affects the long-term stability of the cells but also threatens their reliability.

[0006] Some existing technologies place the positive and negative electrodes of two adjacent sets of solar cells on the same side. Since there are significant differences in the efficiency and power generation current of the same type of battery on the front and back sides, the effective output of current is affected, resulting in the risk of hot spots in existing technologies. That is, when the high current battery flows to the low current battery, the low current battery will become the resistor of the high current battery, thereby causing the low current battery to heat up or even burn out. Utility Model Content

[0007] To address the technical problems mentioned above, this utility model provides a photovoltaic module that eliminates cross-surface bending of the solder strips by using a design of same-side electrodes and alternating front and back solder strips, allowing for zero-gap bonding of the cells; the cell strings are directly connected by longitudinal solder strips, saving edge space of the module.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] This utility model provides a photovoltaic module, including multiple battery strings arranged in parallel, each battery string having alternatingly arranged batteries A and B, with the positive electrode of battery A and the negative electrode of battery B on the same side; from the start end to the end end of the battery string, the positive and negative electrodes of adjacent batteries are sequentially connected by alternating back solder strips and front solder strips; the start and end ends of adjacent battery strings are alternately arranged, and the start and end ends of adjacent battery strings are connected by longitudinal solder strips to realize the series connection of battery strings;

[0010] In the same battery string, battery A and battery B have different areas. Specifically, the area ratio of battery A and battery B is determined by the difference in power generation between the negative and positive electrode surfaces under the same light intensity.

[0011] Furthermore, batteries A and B have a positive electrode surface and a negative electrode surface, and both the positive electrode surface and the negative electrode surface are provided with welding points, which are used to connect the back welding strip or the front welding strip.

[0012] Furthermore, the negative electrode of battery A and the positive electrode of battery B are connected by a back solder strip, and the positive electrode of battery A and the negative electrode of battery B are connected by a front solder strip.

[0013] Furthermore, the start and end of adjacent battery strings are arranged alternately, specifically: the start of the current battery string is the positive terminal and the end is the negative terminal; the start of the next battery string is the negative terminal and the end is the positive terminal.

[0014] Furthermore, in the battery string, the spacing between adjacent cells meets the set range.

[0015] Furthermore, the spacing between adjacent battery strings meets the set range.

[0016] Furthermore, the longitudinal solder strip is connected to the busbar, using the busbar as a lead-out wire.

[0017] Furthermore, the start and end ends of adjacent battery strings are connected in series to form a battery string group, and adjacent battery string groups are connected in parallel.

[0018] Furthermore, both battery A and battery B are TOPCon batteries. Under the same light intensity, the ratio of power generation between the negative electrode and the positive electrode is x, and the area ratio between battery A and battery B satisfies x.

[0019] Furthermore, when batteries A and B are rectangular, the lengths L of batteries A and B are equal, the width of battery B is H, and the width of battery A is x×H.

[0020] Compared with existing technologies, one or more of the above technical solutions have the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. Both the positive and negative electrodes of a TOPCon battery can receive light and generate electricity. The difference lies in the amount of electricity generated when the positive and negative electrodes receive the same light intensity. Therefore, using existing technology, this difference in electricity generation causes a difference in current. When a high-current battery flows to a low-current battery, the low-current battery becomes a resistor to the high-current battery, leading to overheating and burnout of the low-current battery. This solution considers the difference in electricity generation between the different electrodes. The area ratio between batteries A and B is determined based on the ratio of electricity generation between the negative and positive electrodes under the same light intensity. By using different battery sizes, the electricity generation current of batteries A and B is made consistent, thus addressing the aforementioned problem.

[0022] 2. By using a design with electrodes on the same side and alternating front and back solder strips, the design eliminates cross-surface bending of the solder strips, allowing for zero-pitch bonding of the cells to the edges of each pair of cell strings, directly connecting them via the solder strips and saving module edge space. Due to the alternating front and back arrangement, the solder strips no longer need to bend across surfaces, minimizing cell spacing, increasing module power density, and indirectly increasing the effective power generation area. The smooth, uneven surface ensures a more stable lamination process and reduces the risk of microcracks. Straight solder strips reduce stress and extend module lifespan. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, are used to provide a further understanding of this utility model. The illustrative embodiments of this utility model and their descriptions are used to explain this utility model and do not constitute an improper limitation of this utility model.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of cell A in the photovoltaic module provided by this utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of cell B in the photovoltaic module provided by this utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main view of the photovoltaic module in which the solar cells are connected in a string, provided by this utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a side view schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module in which the solar cells are connected in a string according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the series connection structure of the cells in the photovoltaic module provided by this utility model;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall circuit structure of a photovoltaic module with multiple cells connected in series, provided by this utility model.

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure formed by connecting multiple batteries in series in the photovoltaic module provided by this utility model.

[0031] In the diagram: 10 Battery A, 11 Welding Point A, 20 Battery B, 21 Welding Point B, 1 Front Welding Strip, 2 Back Welding Strip, 3 Positive Electrode Surface, 4 Negative Electrode Surface, 30 Positive Electrode Lead-out Terminal, 40 Negative Electrode Lead-out Terminal. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0033] It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0034] TOPCon batteries have bifacial power generation characteristics. Under the same light intensity, the negative electrode generates about 80% of the power generated by the front electrode.

[0035] In this embodiment, as Figures 1-2 As shown, the positive electrode surface of battery A10 is used as the power generation surface, and the negative electrode surface of battery B20 is used as the power generation surface; in order for battery A and battery B to have the same battery output, the area of ​​battery A should be 0.8 times that of battery B.

[0036] Taking a rectangular battery as an example, when the length L of battery A and battery B are equal, the width of battery B is H, and the width of battery A is 0.8H.

[0037] Battery A and battery B have solder joints on their surfaces. In this embodiment, battery A10 corresponds to solder joint A11, and battery B20 corresponds to solder joint B21. When connecting the battery cells, as follows... Figures 3-4 As shown, batteries A and B are arranged alternately to form a battery string, with battery A facing upwards (positive electrode 3) and battery B facing upwards (negative electrode 4). Back-side solder strip 2 connects the negative electrode of battery A and the positive electrode of battery B from the back of both batteries, while front-side solder strip 1 connects the positive electrode of battery A and the negative electrode of battery B from the front. The connection sequence is from left to right. The optimal spacing 'a' between the cells is 0mm-3mm.

[0038] Battery strings are arranged and connected alternately to form a battery string group, such as Figure 4 As shown, the battery strings are arranged in opposite directions: the first string has a positive terminal on the left and a negative terminal on the right, while the second string has a negative terminal on the left and a positive terminal on the right. The welding points of the two batteries are connected by longitudinal solder strips, directly connecting the left ends of the two battery strings. The optimal string spacing b is set to 0mm-3mm. The right end of the first battery string is the negative terminal (40), and the right end of the second battery string is the positive terminal (30), using a busbar as the lead.

[0039] like Figure 5As shown, multiple connected battery strings form a complete circuit through series and parallel connections, resulting in the following circuit structure: Figure 6 As shown.

[0040] In the photovoltaic modules with the above structure, the use of same-sided electrodes and alternating front and back solder ribbons eliminates cross-surface bending of the solder ribbons, allowing for zero-pitch bonding of the cells. The edges of every two cell strings are directly connected via solder ribbons, saving module edge space. Because of the alternating front and back arrangement, the solder ribbons no longer need to bend across surfaces, minimizing cell spacing, increasing module power density, and indirectly increasing the effective power generation area. The smooth, uneven surface ensures a more stable lamination process and reduces the risk of microcracks. Straight solder ribbons reduce stress and extend module lifespan.

[0041] By setting the ratio of the front and back cell areas, the consistency of cell current is achieved, thereby improving the reliability of module operation. Based on this principle, a photovoltaic module is designed, including multiple cell strings arranged in parallel. Each cell string has cells A and B arranged alternately, with the positive electrode of cell A and the negative electrode of cell B on the same side. From the start end to the end end of the cell string, the positive and negative electrodes of adjacent cells are connected sequentially by alternately arranged back and front solder strips. The start and end ends of adjacent cell strings are arranged alternately, and the start and end ends of adjacent cell strings are connected by longitudinal solder strips to realize the series connection of cell strings.

[0042] In the same battery string, battery A and battery B have different areas. Specifically, the area ratio of battery A and battery B is determined by the difference in power generation between the negative and positive electrode surfaces under the same light intensity. Different battery sizes are used to make the power generation current of battery A and battery B consistent.

[0043] As a further embodiment, battery A and battery B have a positive electrode surface and a negative electrode surface, and both the positive electrode surface and the negative electrode surface are provided with welding points, which are used to connect the back welding strip or the front welding strip.

[0044] As a further implementation, the negative electrode surface of battery A and the positive electrode surface of battery B are connected by a back solder strip, and the positive electrode surface of battery A and the negative electrode surface of battery B are connected by a front solder strip.

[0045] As a further implementation, the start and end of adjacent battery strings are arranged alternately, specifically: the start of the current battery string is the positive terminal and the end is the negative terminal; the start of the next battery string is the negative terminal and the end is the positive terminal.

[0046] As a further implementation, the spacing between adjacent cells in the battery string meets a set range.

[0047] As a further implementation, the spacing between adjacent battery strings meets a set range.

[0048] As a further implementation, the longitudinal solder strip is connected to the busbar, and the busbar is used as a lead wire.

[0049] As a further implementation, the start and end ends of adjacent battery strings are connected in series to form a battery string group, and adjacent battery string groups are connected in parallel.

[0050] As a further implementation, both battery A and battery B are TOPCon batteries. Under the same light intensity, the ratio of power generation between the negative electrode surface and the positive electrode surface is x, and the area ratio between battery A and battery B satisfies x.

[0051] As a further implementation, when batteries A and B are rectangular, the lengths L of batteries A and B are equal, the width of battery B is H, and the width of battery A is x×H.

[0052] Both the positive and negative electrodes of a TOPCon battery can receive light and generate electricity. The difference lies in the amount of electricity generated when the positive and negative electrodes receive the same light intensity. Therefore, using existing technology, this difference in electricity generation causes a difference in current. When a high-current battery flows to a low-current battery, the low-current battery becomes a resistor to the high-current battery, leading to overheating and burnout of the low-current battery. By considering this difference in electrode generation, the area ratio between batteries A and B is determined based on the ratio of electricity generation from the negative to the positive electrode under the same light intensity. By using different battery sizes, the generation current of batteries A and B can be made consistent, thus addressing the aforementioned problem.

[0053] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, It includes multiple battery strings arranged in parallel, each battery string having alternatingly arranged batteries A and B, with the positive terminal of battery A and the negative terminal of battery B on the same side; from the start end to the end end of the battery string, the positive and negative terminals of adjacent batteries are sequentially connected by alternating back solder strips and front solder strips; the start and end ends of adjacent battery strings are alternately arranged, and the start and end ends of adjacent battery strings are connected by longitudinal solder strips to realize series connection between battery strings; In the same battery string, battery A and battery B have different areas. Specifically, the area ratio of battery A and battery B is determined by the difference in power generation between the negative and positive electrode surfaces under the same light intensity.

2. A photovoltaic module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Both battery A and battery B have a positive electrode surface and a negative electrode surface, and both the positive electrode surface and the negative electrode surface are provided with welding points, which are used to connect the back welding strip or the front welding strip.

3. A photovoltaic module as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The negative electrode of battery A and the positive electrode of battery B are connected by a back solder strip, and the positive electrode of battery A and the negative electrode of battery B are connected by a front solder strip.

4. A photovoltaic module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The start and end of adjacent battery strings are arranged alternately, specifically: the start of the current battery string is the positive terminal and the end is the negative terminal; the start of the next battery string is the negative terminal and the end is the positive terminal.

5. A photovoltaic module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Within the same battery string, the spacing between adjacent cells meets the set range.

6. A photovoltaic module as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The spacing between adjacent battery strings meets the set range.

7. A photovoltaic module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The longitudinal welding strip is connected to the busbar, and the busbar is used as a lead wire.

8. A photovoltaic module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The start and end of adjacent battery strings are connected in series to form a battery string group, and adjacent battery string groups are connected in parallel.

9. A photovoltaic module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Both battery A and battery B are TOPCon batteries. Under the same light intensity, the ratio of power generation between the negative electrode surface and the positive electrode surface is x. Then the area ratio between battery A and battery B satisfies x.

10. A photovoltaic module as described in claim 9, characterized in that, When battery A and battery B are rectangular, the length L of battery A and battery B are equal, the width of battery B is H, and the width of battery A is x×H.

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